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About Oregon City courier. (Oregon City, Or.) 1902-1919 | View Entire Issue (May 13, 1910)
OREGON CITY COURIER, FRIDAY, MAY 13, 1910 3 9V ' i I'M! t4 It .lulu ttv Intensified Tanning Common Sense in Farming CHAPTER VI. Potato Culture. TIib euro of soil is the llrsc rcqnisite ' to success I would emphasize the fact that prnpprly bandied barnyard ' manure and proper tilliigo of tliu soil is the best mcaus of securing nrge crops. And I would impress all with tlie fact that a woll buluuuod fertilizer must l in iiand to do this. Every farmer must mako a study of his soil. We have suggested an experimental plot to aid him in his studies. In the eastern, southern and middle states potatoes do woll after preen manures. Plant late potatoes on last year's corn ground sown to crimson clover, 10 pounds per acre, or winter rye. Before plowing under, June 1, sow 10 pounds of l'me and plaster, equal parts. Wheu a heavy green crop is plowed under, it goes through a fermentation not unlike that which ocours in a barrel of liraut, resulting in tho formation of a considerable amount of acid. Potatoes are benefit ed by this, since the resulting acid oouditiou of the soil prevents the de velopment of the potato scab. Potatoes are grown on a great vari ety of soils. Tho ideal soil of this crop should bo one so light as to oiler no grent iosistanoo to the enlargement of the tubeis, so supplied with vege table humus as to be moist, and so rich as to furnish an unfailing supply of fertility for plant and fruit growtn ; stiff heavy soils must ba drained and heavily inaiwed, both with barnyard manures and by plowing uudor green crops. The success of the potato is largely depoudont upon the crops pr3oding it iu tho rotation; clover sod heavily coated with rich manure plowed un der in the fall, planted to corn and oats, sowed to rye and plowod under the following spring. (jofore plow ing, roll, sow equal pi.rls of lime and gypsum, 100 pounds per acre. After the crop is harvested give another coat of manure, sow to rye, and when 20 inches high, in the spring time, roll, sow lime, kanit and gypsum, plow, and tlierj will be anothor heavy yield of potatoes. Several crops may thus be raised if niouoy 'S much needed, and but few acros of laud available ' Potatoes cannot be grown on land which m the preceding year has pro duced scabby tuhors. The gorms in tho soil must be allowed to die by growing such crops as grass, grain or com. The mineral manure and green manure plowed under and tho acid thorefiom is very favorable for clean ing potatoes. Plowing can scarcely bo too deep provided that much or the subsoil be not brought to the surface. When practicable, the depth should be grad ually increased from year to year. Tubers are fnrmudabove tho seed; the roots feed below it. Practical experi ence, as woll as the extent of the dis tribution of potato roots in the soil, emphasizes tho importance of deep and thorough preparation of the soil for this crop. If sod is to be planted the next year, fall plowing destroys the eggs of many insects; if potatoes fol low corn or oats, the green manure and tho spring plowing will bring the best of results. When barnyard manures supply ni trogen, phosphoric aoid and potaslt; with proper irrigation, natural or artificial, with sufiioieut cultivation, 400 bushels of potatoes ought to be harvested from one acre ; and when potatoes sell for one cent a pound and they often bring that price, $240 per acre is realized, or over $1400 on the available farming laud of six acres. When the land needs thorough cultivation, plant it to potatoes and buy or raise tho feed for stock else where. If any wisli to sow on their luud a cliomical fertilizer, one of the best for potatoes is the quick-acting saltpeter. Of phrsphate fertilizers, suporphos ""phate is preferred. Among potash fertilizers the sulpliate of potash lias been found to afford a bettor quality of potato than the muriate of potash. Ashes, where they can be had (and the locust or gum tree grown on the farm produces good stroug ashes), are effectively used to supply the potash for potatoes. Do not apply chemical fertilizers iu immediate oontaot with the seed. Put it in the bottom of the furrow and cover with soil, or put on top of the soil and cover slightly with the hoe to prevent air slacking. I would not advise to sow these chemi cals broadcast, as much of it is thus lost. Iu planting, the rows should be laid off as close together as practicable without interfering with horse culti vation. ' For the time of planting you must judge by your own aud others' exper ience in your section of tho country. Where the potatoes are grown for the early niaiket the aim should be to plant as early as possible Frequent . stirring of the soil with a harrow warms it. produces chemical action, sprouts the seeds and destroys the weeds. Grow the potatoes during the moist part of the season, early or late iu the summor, avoiding mid summer drouth. Seed potatoes for the next year may be had from the unmarketable early potatoes. Many experiment's have been made to ascertain the best depth for ilaut iiig. The results, with Boni3 excep tion, favor planting not less than 4 inches deep. The Beed should be planted deep enough to afford room for the roots bearing tubers to devel op above the seed. The plant-growing roois have lean fojnd blow the sur face of the ground seeking nourish ment from 1 to Iout- Shallow cultivation and the soil leveler and A wonderful postcard Every body should see the picture, Way of Lite, aud read carefully the explanation of one of the most clear, truthful and sublime revelations of the doctrine of salvation, "the Faith of Jesus, " ever printed, superior, as this age of light and revealed truth is superior, to the greatest wis dom and fkill of the old mas ters. Price 2 for oc. Huntley Bros. Co., Postcard Head quarters and JoneB Drug Co. ji"U jtthJiairr . .. m ii hiller shoul'be used always when the tabers begin to set. Never root-prune potatoes or corn. The time to cut seed is a few daye prior to nlautiiig. Uso dry mack or plaster to dry up the bleeding. If potatoes are allowed to grow long sprouts, aud they are broken off, it ih at tho expense of tho stronu growth of the plant, for much nutriment is lost. When the spront is broken off several weak sprouts grow from the eye, If ice ran bo hid in the spring wheu the warmth of-the sun is search ing every cranny, put a cake of ice in tho "air tight" storage and wiuter will continue there. Ice reduces the temperature 40 degrees F., 8 above freezing, and potatoes require a warmth of at least 0 F. to start tho sprout. It has been found to bo cf advantage to change setd potatoes twery few years. Nortliern grown seed must bo had in some sections of the country. Many carloads of pota toes are shipped south for seed from northern Michigan everv year. A few seed potatoes from another section of the country may bo planted and the next year an auuudauce of seed is at hand. One bushel of potatoes has approximately 5(0 oves. Each eyo will grow from 3 to 7 potatoes, and planted tho seoond time will yiild much seed. Such as do this will have seed "to sell and keep."" The cutting of the potato for soed by the novice is a question as to how to do it, and is to tho cureless, a mat ter of loss. Potatoes have a seed end and a stem eud. Tho seed end grows tho sprouts first and yields more pota toes. The most sucessful cutting of potatoes is trom end to eud iu halves or quarters. A bushtl of potatoes ((10 pounds) may contain 240 qnaitots When tho whole potato is planted 18 iuc'.ies apart in 3-foot rows an acre requires 9K80 potatoes, or about 41 bushels, 'i'i bushels when halved, or 11 bushels wheu out into pieces of two eyes each ; about 10 bushels of seed is requirod. Wheu potatoes are planted in checks 3x3 feet (i to 8 bushels are used, ac cording to tho size of the potato ; the larger tho tubor the more seed is re. quired. There is greater danger nt failure-in obtaining a good stand of potatoes from sn. all cuttings. Many of them are liable to periHh, and if all should grow the sprouts are weaker aud too much wot or drouth causes tho plants to die or produce but little fruit. Ohecking the towb effotts a saving of labor iu cultivation, and also in planting and harvesting when dug by hand. On rich moist soil checks ot 30 inches apart is suiiicioiit, aud will produce the greater number of bushels. Cultivate once a woek until the vinos fall down, using the leveler aud hiller to hold the moisture. . Tho lov elor can be used with good effect after tho tubers are as large as bens' eggs If this important information en ables the farmer to Increase his yield 5 to K) bushels per aoro be has been repaid many times iu cash for the time lie spent in making aud using these valuable tools, and adds to the store of his knowledge of valuable tacta that will earn by each year's increased yield a handsome sum in deed. Charooal has a woudorful absorbing quality aud will koep potatoes dry aud moaly until late iu the following summer. Some varieties of potatoes readily respond to the absorptive powors of the charcoul. Potatoes stored away in a cold and dry place, with the addition of fine charcoal fill ing the interstioes botweou, when oookod the next spring are as dry and flaked as when taken fully ripe iu antnmu from the. garden or field aud are most appetizing aud palatable. The evaporation given oil by the pota to, if not absorbed by tho oharcoal, is partially re-absorbed by the potato, making it "soggy," and Htaiting tho sprouts early iu the spring. Potatoes in a dry aud cool oouditiou Btart to grew very slowly, oousoquently re tain their best condition longer when thus treated. Flies Injure the Crops Much has been written uud priutod of late about flies as a menace to hu man health. But not a word has been said about tho damage they do to cul tivated crops, whicn iu this country must amount to scores of millions of dollars annually. Nearly all diseases of plants are due to fungi, usually mioroscopic. Of such character, for example, are the "s:nuts," of wheat aud other grains, the "mildews," tin rusts," and all the long list of fruit "rots" of vari ous kinds. Those aud ever so many other vegetable maladies are attribu table to minute ftiugi which feel up on the plants. The fungi in question are distribut ed iu a number ot ways, but com monly by flies that is to say, by the Muscidae and Sarcophagidae, or, in other words, the houte fly and its relatives, and tho carrion flies. Those insects feed on almost every thing imaginable, aud, constantly flitting from place to place, are the universal distributors of tin "spores" (corresDouding to seeds) of all kinds of fungi. i Flies are extremely fond of odors. Borne that are horrible to us Are most agreeable to them. They are attract 1 ed to the cane fields by the smell of ; fermenting sugar, aud there feed on 1 the sweet sap. Thus it comes about I that spores of the fungi that cause ; the common diseases of the cane are found in the excreta of flies caught in the caue field. Hie "pineapple dis ease" is only one of a number which they are .instrumental in distributing. Another species of cane fungus is ot large size a kind of mushroom. One of its spores, left by a fly on the cane, is washed by rain to the ground, where iu it pprouts. Its vegetation later on produces a' curious fruit, which takes the shape of a whitish ball. That is to say, the ball is a sort of case, inside of w hich the mushroom is tight y placed, like a jack-iu-tho-box. At daylight the spherical box, which is beneath the surface of the earth, bursts, and within two min utes the mushroom appears above ground, attaining a height of three or four inches From "The House-fly as a Crop Wrecker," Technical World lla-aziue. You might, interest your Eastern friends by tending them IS Courier. luiiiiiiiiiwujxfliiijiiaiiiiiHiiiJJiii .frit The Earih's Age How old is the earth? agitating the scientists, and is again Prof. H. S. Shelton, of the University of Chi cago, basing his conclusions on the "salt theory," says it is approximate ly 400,000,000 years. "It must Dot be forgotten," writis Prof. Stielton, that this salt method, even if in the future it should be superseded, was the first serious attempt to get outside the vicious circle of the classical physical methods winch have proved such a barrier to the progress of geologioal thought on this fascinating cosmic problom." Prof Shelton's estimate is secured thus: "The analysis of rocks shows clearly that the proportion of sodium in the sedimeutaries is much smaller than in the igneous rocks. The natural inference from this is that the balauce is to be found iu the ocean iu the form of salt Assuming these premises and a fairly uniform rate of erosion, the estimation of ge ological time is reduoed to a process of simple division. It is only neces sary to find i lie total quantity of sod ium in the sea aud the amount brought down by the rivers each year." Lion Poodles Child In Pittsburg a savage lion fondled the hand that a child thrust into his cage. Danger to a child is tometimes great when least regarded. Often it comes through colds, croup, aud whooping cough. They slay thous ands that Dr. Kings' New Discovery could have saved. "A few doses cured our baby of a very bad case of oroup, " writes Mrs. George B. Davis of Flat Rocs, N. 0. "We always give it to him when he takes cold. It's a wonderful medicine for ba bies,." Best for coughs, colds, la gr ppe, asthma, hemorrhages, weak lungs. 60o, $1.00. Trial bottle free. Guaranteed by all druggists. The Record of Raindrops. . It is by carefully noting small and apparently Insignificant .things and i fuels tlint men of science are enabled to reach some of their most surprising I nnj interesting conclusions. In many j ,,,' ... BUI.face 0f rocks, 'which mil- lions of years ago must have formed sandy or muddy seabcucbes. is found to be pitted with the impressions of raindrops. In England it has been noticed that In many cases the eastern sides of these depressions are tbe more deeply pitted, Indicating that the rain drops which formed them were driven before a west wind. From this the conclusion Is drawn that in tbe remote epoch when the pits were formed the majority of the storms In England ciuno from the west. Just as they do today. Harper's Weekly. A Tree In a Thunderstorm. Every one Is aware that It is not wise to seek n tree's shelter In a thun derstorm, but If you must take ref uge there then climb to the topmost branches. It has been proved that tbe tipper boughs of trees during a storm would be the safest position, and it Is said that birds hi the branches are seldom killed. When tbe tree is struck by lightning it Is the trunk which, pre sumably from Its greater dryness, Js a bud ootid u tor and which therefore suffers the most. Whooping Cough This is a more dangerous disease than is generally presumed. It will be a surprise to many - to learn that more deaths result trom it than from scarlet tever. Pneumonia often results from it. Chamberlain's Cough Rem' edy has been used in many epidemics of whooping cough, and always with the host results. Delbert McKeig of Harlan, Iowa, says of it: "My boy took whooping cough when nine months old. He had it in the winter. I got a bottle of Ohanibei Iain's Cough Remedy which proved good. I can not recommend it too highly." For salo by Jones Drug Co. CURE FOR LIQUOR HABIT Give Oriine and Destroy Desire All Orrine is the most successful cure for tho liquor habit that the world has ever known. It is a hone treatment, given without publicity, detention from business or loss of time, aud is absolutely guaranteed if the simple directions on each box are oarefully followed. So remarkable have been the changes wrought for suffering drinking men by Orrine that leading ministers, charity workers, philan thropists and druggists everywhere recommend the treatment. Thousands of endorsements have been given for tho remedy. Read tins one from Jthe (Quaker Drug Co. , Seattle, Wash. : "Duriug the past five years we have sold thousands of packages of Orrine aud have never heard it spoken of ex cept in highest terms of praise We have dozens of people come to us and state that Orrine has cured thorn or their husbands or dear ones from the curse of drunkennoss. Orrine is one of the few articles on the market that we can conscientiously recommend to our customers., and we do so daily feeling that we have done what to us seems a duty as well as a service." Orrine is prepared in two forma. No. J, a powder, absolutely tasteless aud odorless, given secretly in food or drink. Orrine No. 2, in pill form, is for those who wish to cure them selves. Orrine costs only $1- box In every box there is a guarantee which entitles you to a refund of your money it Orrine fails to effect a core. Write for Free Orrine Booklet (mailed in plain tealed envelope) to Orrine Co., 104 Orrine Building, Washington, D. C. Orrine is for sale in this city by Joues Drug Co., 615 Main St. They know Orriue is a reliable aud effica cious remedy for drunkenness and they will not offer you a substitute StM, Will You Help to Build The Fence" This sentence, flashing from sign boards, from street car bulletins, from all sorts of advertising mediums, had the people of Seattle, Spokane and Tacoma gufsslng last weok, had them asking "What fence?" "Whoso fenoe?'1 eto. or commenting, "Clever advertisement that,; wonder what the answer is." The mysterious sign apeared so ofteu that it became a by word. Mysterious hammering in the next room, any unexplained noise, was referred to all over the three cities as "Must be somebody helping to build the fence." Wheu an advertse ment catches on, it catches on to stay. Not until Sunday was the Fence ex plained. And the joke of it was that it was a fare advertisement, nobody paid a oent for it, ana the people who pay real money to get before the publio wish they could think of any thing half as good. "Will you help to build the fence" was the beginning of a publicity cam paign by a state wide charity, the Washington Children's Home Sooiety, which is asking the charitable people of the state to give it au endowment fund of $500,000, so that it may oarry on its good ' work of saving homeless children aud finding Iiouipb for them, without having to be constantly so liciting aid. The catch-line, about the fence referred to a little allegory in which the society is likened to a fence around a olid, which kept little children from falliug over and being maimed or killed. The good work of the Washington Children's Home Society is so well known iu every part of the state, the bill posting companies, printers and newspape' s have all given their help to the campaign for au endowment tuud. The work was started iu the UNION PACIFIC Will be Superior to Many and as Good as the Best For Further Information, Address, MARK T. KADY, President UNION PACIFIC LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY Home Office, Portland, Oregon Agents wanted to secure Subscriptions ORECONIAN BUILDING largo cities, but will be extended to alt corners of the state. The society has Bavod tho taxpayers many thous ands of dollars in the fourteen years of its existence, by making public orphanages uunoces ary. Every homo Iofs child is taken into the receiving homes of the society, cleaned up and cared lor uiir.il some good homo is found, where the child is adopted and brought up by loving parents. The society bus already reroived several substantial lump sums for its endowment, aud hundreds of small crutriuutions. A number of large philanthropists have routirbnted sums which aro kept as separate funds, bearing tho donor's name. Statistics show that the care of each homoloES child.from the day it is taken iu by the society until the day when it is placed in a private family, costs but $100, on an average, hence each $100 contributed to the work cares for the life happiness aud welfare of one homeless youngster. The society is now handling hun dreds of cases each year, plaoiug an average of one child a day iu a good home, and often caring t r other little tots temporarily, while their parents are unable to keep them, aud then sending thorn back to their own fathers and mothers. The "Help Build the Fence" campaign will do muoh to put the sooiety on solid ground financially and to show that advertising and publicity are valu able, even to a charitable society. The Sound Sleep of Good Health The restorative power of sound sloop cau not be over estimated and any ailment that prevents it is a menace to health. J. L. Southern, Enu Claire, Wis., says: "For a long time I have beou unable to sleep sonndly nights, because ot pains across my back and sorenops of my kidneys. My appetite was very poor and my general oouditiou was much run down. I have been taking Foloy's Eiduoy Pills but a short time aud now sleep as sound as a rock. 1 eat and enjoy my meals, and my general con ditiou is greatly improvod. I cnu honestly recommend Foley's Kidney Pills as I know they have cured me." Sold by Jones Drug Co. Will our subscribers please look over the old Couriers aud see if they have a copy of July 30, 15)00. The same will be paid for if mailed or delivered at this office. INSURANCE COMPANY PORTLAND, OREGON OF COMPARISON A NATIONAL BANK, OF PORTLAND, Capital Stock $ 500,000.00 Surplus '-nv..-.-..;n.l,OOOtOOO.OO Capital Stock and Surplus Market value of capital stock ou basis of capital and surplus on hand, (par value $100) $300 per share. The bank has paid 7 per cent, quarterly cash dividends for 25 years, which is equal to to 30 per cent, on the par value of the stock. Market value of its capital stock on the basis of dividends earned and paid in cash each year on basis of 5 per cent, interest earnings will equal to $600 per share or 000 per cent, above par. UNION PACIFIC LIFE INSURANCE CO. OF PORTLAND, ORE. WILL HAVE Capital Stock $200,000.00 Surplus 400,000.00 Capital and Surplus $600,000.00 Taking the above figures as a basis of calculation, market value of capital stock on basis of capital and surplus as above (par value $100) equal $300 per share. The average annual cash dividend earned and paid by the ten insurance comoaniea for the oast 25 vears amounts to 50 per cent. l 4 v . on the par value of the stock. Market value of stock on basis of dividends earned by ihe ten companies on basis of 5 per cent, interest earnings would be equal to share or 1000 per cent, above par. The security of a life insurance company is many times greater than any t a . national bank, because the law limits the insurance company to investing its as sets in first mortgages on improved real estate of deuble the value of the amount loaned. WESTERN PEOPLE SHOULD SUBSCRIBE FOR THIS STOCK BKFORH IT ADVANCES IN PRICE Name Your Farms Throughout tbe United States there are many farms that are not named, and the Courier believes that it is Just as Important that the farms named. Give your farm a name. Fill out this coupon, and Bend It to the Oregon City Courier, and your farm name will be placed on the Courier Registered list of Farms. The name sent In will be published together with the name of the proprietor. Use coupon below. Name of farm Proprietor AddreBg REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS Mary E Wright to Emma E Easton 6 acres in Soo 1 T4 S R 1 E, $800. S. Fisher to Elmer W Finzer 80 acres in Sec 7 T 6 S R 1 E, $3000. Olof Johnson et ux to Emma Jol n son, 5 acres in Clackamas Riverside, $1500, The Oregon Iron & Steol Co to Loreu G Harrington Lot 6 of Tualatin Meadows, $10. Loreu G Hrarrington to A L Har rington a tract of land in Tualatin Meadows, $10. Samuel O Gribble to J K Gribblel, 50 acros In Sections 15, 1(1, 21 and 23 T 4 S R 1 E, $500. Mary Stubhe to William Stnbbe 80 11 acres in the G W Palmateer D L O, $1. ' William Stnbbe to Mary Stubbe, 80.11 acres in the GW Plamateer D L U. $1. Alvina Wright to Ernest A Leigh ton Tract II in Willamette Falls Acreage Tracts, $1500. Hans Paulson et nx to H Julius Paulson dwJ of seJ4 of Soo 25 T 8 S R 5 E .excopt 6 aores, $3000. William Lillie to O H Oaufleld. trustee, a tract of land in Oregon City $1. Luoiuda Doen to C A Forsbersr a strip of land 10 feet in width in Seo 187., T 2 S R 4 E. $20. N B Delore et ux to Grace E Lodor 10 acres in the D L U of L D O La tourotte ,$1. James Adams et nx to Etta Ohaso, 15 acres in Seo 23, T 2 8 R 2 E, $1500. Gladstone Real Estate Association to Bailey G MoOliin, Lots 15 audfld, Blk 38, Gladstone, $350. I ; John W Loder et al to Olaf Larsen and Sarah A Rivors. a strip of land 20 toet in width in tract 67, Willamette Tracts, $1. Andrew Robertson et ux to Joseph A Sollwood, Lots 1 and 2 Blk 14ti, Oregon City, Oregon, $1. H O Pearson to Mary A Pearson 3.01 acres in Seo T 4 S R I E, $10. Michael Moehnka et ux to Fred S Menke, Bk 11 Holmes addition to Ore gon City, $1. I S IMoArthur et vir to Carl Fran ois Anderson 10 aores in Sections 13 and 14 T 8 8 R 1 E, $500. J L Vosbnrg et nx to ME Beatty and J A Frigate, 5991. aores in Sec 3 4 and 6 T 2 S R 2 E, $4000. Eatherine King et vir to Astre J Moe et al, Blks O and D Sim's Sub division to Barlow, $550. Astre J Moe e t al to H F W Gort lor, Blks O and D of Sim's Subdiv of Lots 8 and 4 Blk 14, Barlow's Addi tion to Barlow, $980. O W Eastham et ux to E G Oaufleld, 140 aores iu Seo 86 T 6 S R 2 E, $1. H. E. Cross Wm. Hammond Cross & Hammond Attorneys at Law Removed to Rooms 12 and 13 Masonic Temple Probate Practice, Abstracts, Real Estate Loans, Insurance. LIFE ORE. $1,500,000 leading life par on the leading $1000, life per