A SUBSTANTIAL
ROAD OF DIRT
Illinois Commission Builds Ons
Without Uss
of Stone.
CONSTRUCTION METHOD EASY
The S.vr. Wear Caused by Automo
biles Hat Mad. It Neceeiary to Find
Something. Stronger Than tho Mac
adam Road Experiment! With Mix
ture of Dirt and Oil Show Result.
Macadam roads have been the world's
standard for many years, but under
rondltious of modern tratlle tlioy have
so quickly worn away that In the
country whl. It boasted the enduring
military roads of Naioleon con
gress of the road engineers of the
world was called to discuss mean of
preveMliiR them from going up In
smoke or drtl The Iron tire of the
horse drawn vehicle rolled and com
pacted the limestone road. The pneu
matic tire of the motorcar sucks ui
the dust and draws It Into the air to
blow away. It was formerly compac
tion by trsrhV; now It is suction.
This fact h:is been strlkinsly dem
onstrated by the work of the state
highway commission of Illinois. One
of the best miles of macadam road
ever constructed, and surface bound
with a gravel of peculiar cementing
quality, has licen ripped up and blown
way down to the large, sharp pointed
rocks that constitute the basic course.
Other experiments with oil and tar
hae proved the binding and protect
ing proiertics of those substances.
Value of Oil.
The value of oil of heavy asphalt
base the residuum after rellning out
the volatile oils as a binder for rock
Toads led to experiments with It in the
construction of dirt roads without the
use of stone. The idea was to coin
pact and bind the dirt so that it would
be waterproof and as wearproof as
possible In other words, lo bitid the
particles of dirt together so that trac
tion would produce little dust. Que
of the most sinking exiieriments with
oiled Mack mud was made at Bement.
Jn Tiatt county, and herewith we re
turn to our illustrations. The Bement
section ranks among the richest In
central -Illinois. It is rich because It
is fairly bottomless. It was low lying
and swamny iu the olden days before
the coming c.f the steam dredge and
the tile and Its roads were as impass
ible as that type of land affords.
It is usable nil the year round for
maximum loads. It Is practically dust
less, it requires no dracging or scrap
ing, and It has a resiliency that saves
borse and vehicle and adds much to
the comfort of the occupants of wagon
or carriage. After more than a year's
test, the experiment must he pronounc
ed a great success, and the best men
about Bement. who have made a study
of roads for many years, regard It as
the solution of the problem of build
in": mud less roads in the black prairie
Boils.
The method of construction was sim
ple. The road was plowed sii inches
deep and the dirt scraped to each side.
In the bed thus made a layer of oil
was sprinkled, the oil In this experl-
ruent being what Is nsually called SO
to S5 per cent asphalt oil. After the
oil was applied two inches of dirt were
scraped back Into the roadway and oil
and soil were thoroughly disked to
gether. Uss of Tamper.
Then followed a tamper, an Imple
ment like a large field roller, each sec
tion of which bears closely set prongs
about ten Inches long, somewhat like
the spikes attached to the wheels of
steam roller to tear .op the road, only
longer and rounded on the end. This
tamper does the work its name Indi
catesit completes the mixture and
the oil and dirt and tamps It down.
After its use more oil and dirt were
added until three layers had been ap
plied, and then the btcam roller com
pleted the work.
About two and a half gallons of oil
were used to the square yard. This
oil sells, according to quality, at from
4 to 7 cents per gallon. Taking 5
cents as an average and building a
road sixteeu feet wide, which Is wider
than is necessary for the oil. we have
a cost for oil of about $1,175 per mile.
The labor cost Is to be added to that.
It Is certainly the cheapest mudless
road that has yet been devised, as the
rock roads run quickly into large mon
ey when the materia! must he carried
in by rail.
Repairs are readily made In this
form of road construction. The top
is plowed up, more oil added, tamped
and lolled, and the surface Is as good
as new. It is not a road that does not
need repair. No such road Is built.
Even the city's granite blocks wear
out under the creaking wheels of its
heavy traffic. The fundamental fault
of American country road builders Is
their Idea that a road will stay built.
It won't It Is not in the nature of
things. The best of roads need repair,
nd wise is that commissioner who has
learned that in road maintenance n
stitch In time saves nine. Unfortu
nately not many of them have learned
that fact.
Evidently the black mud regions, far
from gravel and limestone, need not
lt helplessly marooned In mud. A
way out has apparently been found
over a solid, substantial btldge, built
-wt oil and dirt
SHORT SERMONS ON GOOD
ROADS.
No farming section which has
once had pod roads wouid ever
go back (o luid roads.
lllu freight rates are uot
nearly as heavy a lax on the
shippers of stock ami other farm
produce as bud roads are.
Only a very rich county could
afford the tremendous Bnanclul
drain of Iwd roads.
A good road Is to a country
district what a paved street Is
to the city property that ad
joins it It makes business for
that neighborhood.
A farmer living on a good road
Is a free man. lie Is not de
pendent on weather conditions,
lie Is able to sell his stock and
grain and fruit at the lot mar
ket prices. The railroads have
to serve the man who can got
his stuff to a shipping point any
day In the year.
Money spent for good roads Is
as good nn Investment for Im
proving the farm as Is money
put Into sto.'k sheds, grain cribs,
fences. sieds or anything else
that makes the farm pay.
Brains an as essential ns
money and muscle lu roadmak-In-.
C1LIN3 SHELL ROADS.
The Successful Results of Trials of
Houston, Tex.
The application of oil to the shell
roads which are more or less common
In the south, as well as In some of i
the northern const cities, has apparent- j
ly beeu tried successfully lu Houston.
Test, the mayor stating that the re
sults were so satisfactory that he
hoped to be able to treat all the shelled
streets in that city lu the same mau
ner. The material used was an nsphaltlc
oil which was heated to sutuethiug
SHZI.li BOID BEFOKS AND AFTER 00,1X0.
Courteey Good Roads, New Vork.J
over 200 degrees before application. It
was shipped In tank cars fitted with
steam coils, by means of which it was
heated by a portable boiler and al
lowed to run Into distributing wagons.
The roads were first cleaned of all
dust and the oil applied at the rate of
about one gallon a square yard.
The street was allowed to soak up
as much of the oil as possible, the
surplus being absorbed by sand or
dust spread over the street and then
swept off, exposing the original sur
face. The average cost of hauling
one ton of produce one mile ill
4 the United States Is 23 cents; in
Europe it is 8 cents. With equal-
ly as good roads as the French
peasant enjoys the American
farmers could save $230,000,000
fc a year.
Roads Need Attention.
Perhaps nothing has been exploited
to a greater extent than the King road
drag, and perhaps there Is no Imple
ment that Is more generally neglected.
Whether past experience shows that
the road drag Is not the useful and
valuable Implement Its champions
would have us believe or whether It
is simply neglecting the use of a good
thing Is not apparent, but the result Is
the same. The roads need attention
and they need it more frequently than
they get It. If the road drag Is not
the thing then something else should
be used. Hut use something.
2 IliKb freicht rates are not '9
nearly ns heavy a tax on the Z
y shippers of stock and other farm
Z. produce as had roads are. 4,
. :
Tar on Roads Disinfects,
Medical authorities have announced
that in addition to Its dust laying
qualities a tar preparation Is highly
beneficial to the community using It
on Its roads, owinjt to Its disinfectant
properties. According to the health
authorities of Battersea, England, in
fantile mortality has largely decreased
In that populous district since Its
streets were surfaced with tar macadam.
,v '., t S., m
cADE TREES PRESERVE ROAD
Their Value In Making Highways
Durable.
The value of shade tree In prosorv.
lug roads Is o!ii!cd out by nu enthu
siast In a letter recently printed In
the Manchester (N. Il l I'nlon. The
writer deprecates tho misdirected ac
tivity of the average aelvctinnu and
advocates the planting of shade trees
rather than their removal, asserting
that they are a help to the roads.
"Perhaps no other agency," he says,
"has contributed so much to the deso
lation of naturally beautiful districts
in New ICngland as what Is In up
country parlance culled the see-lev t
la.'Ui, He la a big uiun In his town
and, with his brother on the board,
controls the finance, schools, roads
and all matters of town government
and Improvement.
"Ills one great achievement while In
office Is to cut down all the shade
trees or whatever might grow to be
shade trees along the roads. He, na a
rule, knows nothing of road huPdttig.
and, believing that the only way to
get rid of water Is to dry It up Instead
of constructing his road of material
- " 1 J" 1
.. ., . . i . '
::v,:V V i
-r. . v . j
ASUADEO KOAO-CKN Yof Kl.B THK lltNS-
riT or TitKts
Courtesy Good Koads, New York.)
other than garden loam, crowning It
to shed wuter. grading his d I lilies to
avoid the usual hhiis left to soak Into
the Mad. ox'uliig sluices to let the
water run away from the side ditches,
he simply cuts the tics dowu and
waits for his mud led to dry up. lu
the course of time It does dry up, and
then, except during it Immediately
after rains, when It is a mass of mud.
it Is a bod of (hist ii i,il nil summer Is
a hot and sibling desert road, an ex
hibit of ignoranee and Incompetency.
"The best preserved country roads
that have lo hour the heavy motor
traffic of the present day are those
with ample shade. If a road cannot
lie oiled it needs moisture. The shade,
except lu very dry periods, will retain
sufficient moisture to preserve the
elasticity of the road surface. There
Is no danger of mud If the road Is
proKrly constructed.
"If you can't build your roads with
asphalt or oil, plant some shade trees.
Make your town lomfortable for
yourself and your family and so at
tractive by Its good roads and shady
ways that the stranger will buy the
worthless half of your farm for twice
what any farmer would pay for your
entire property, land. buildings,
stock and mortgage.
"Then the rest of your life you ran
sell the purchnser anything you raise
on the fertile part of your farm that
you retained and get employment for
your teams ami your hoys helping hliu
to spend his money on the old stony
pastures you sold to him. .Meantime
lie will pny the town more taxes lu
Ave years than your place previously
paid In twenty-live. Hut you will
never catch him In a town that cuts
the trees and bushes from the road
sides." y It Is said that the most perfts-t
Z road In the world Is the eorul
4 rock road of the West Indies,
2 being porous, elastic, dry and fa
never dusty.
To Farm a State's Roads.
Governor Carroll of Town has pro
posed that the width of that state's
roads be cut down from sixty to forty
feet and that the strips of land thus
saved be turned over to the farmers
for cultivation. He believes that for
ty feet Is wide enough for a country
road, that such a road will be better
and more enslly cared for than the
wider one and that the twenty extra
feet now all owed Is simply wasted.
The title to this land, if the plan Is
carried out, naturally vests In tho
owners of land adjoining the roads, ns
the state's right to It Is simply foe
highway purposes, so the mensure will
bo popular with farmers. It Is esti
mated that 8,."00.000 bushels of corn
cau be added to Iowa's crop and $3
per capita to her wealth If this land is
farmed. Youth's Compimlon.
Interest Money Duilt Roads.
The county commissioner of Shaw
nee county, Kan., buve built nearly
forty miles of good roads with tho
money formerly used for paying In
terest on bonds.
As rapidly as the bonded debt was
reduced the money which formerly
had been used to pay Interest was ex
pended on macadam roads. There was
no additional burden on the taxpayers.
Instead, the tax levy was decreased
tn most instances and good roads lead
Into Topcka from nearly every direc
tion as a result
! Professif .ial Cards.
r. l-:. j. nui'TY
! Attornry'-at-Lvr
(suimmrt W. A. Hell)
I'HIMVIIUIt ... OlUUHN
Crtok County jftsiraci C.
A hairnet ol title to all land ml
town tola In Crook county.
B. F. Vjrlet, Secretary, Phaeville, Orttea
Jft Jf. S?fn0ry
(Cownly ,'hysii in.)
IN. YV Sanborn
I ,ttirnc,v-ntl.nw
i
I .VdiiniMiin bliM'k rrluevllle
I
Crfm
mvi:rs
(). 1:. YOUNG
j I'mellt-r n all mtiru. Hm,1I atlrntlon to
i wKU'r riKliii, UitssiU'U eittl itiiuiiihI a. lt iu-ii.
Dr. John Uuhack,
I.nn? Vctrrlnnry surt'ttn I'. s. Army.
Ir.rtim'tu ol "ill t'liUl0nt,
All iirKU-si Work mi itvAoliM
I'rU'Ci,
Hamilton Stables. Prioeville, Or.
W. A. l.LLL
FRANK Mi-Mil -Lll
Lawyer
The I) nllee
Oregon
tM'ClM.IHTM
Sift o I knap dc Cd wards
SPrimtmill: Onftm
Si. Clliolt,
!Prt ill; Onf,m.
rrnl A. Klee, C. K. J. B. Seville, Jr.. K. M
County Surveyor. lH'uty Co. Surveyor,
Hice & Neville
Civil Engineer,
(tciufri.1 KriKlnocritiK. I'msEvtLLi, OREiitiM,
C. 33rik
Cauyr
Jf itrtt, IPriifillt.
?. 0. Xyd.
SPAysUimm mmti Jury
C'ALLJ ArfRWUICU PROHFTLT Ukt OR NftJHT
Umci ottt Door MotrrH of adammir's
Xruw 8torr. H'Hh nffli e tn reij
deuce telephones.
Dr. J.Tregellcs Fox
M. li. C. S. Kng; and I H, A. London;
Liepncee Oregon Stale Medical Hoard.
Specialist in Surgery; Hygiene; Ali
mentary Canal; women and children'!
dtaeaseH,
Attendance at olhce. Main Ht., I'rine
vl le, daily II to 3. Tel. Pioneer l."7.
Coniultatlon Kreo Hours S to 5
R. D. Ketchum, M. T. D., D. C.
Acute and chronic dlscuson treated
HucccHHfully by purely
ilnigli'HH met hods
Roorni 16-17 Adtmten Bldf. Calls nade
G. A. McFAKLANE
Lawyer
Practice in all courts and U. R. Land
OHice.
Redmond, - Oregon
Willard II. Wirtz
Attorney-nt-Law.
Olllce In M. II. HlgK' odlce.
I'ltlNKVIIXK, OlIKfiON
Huntington & Wilson
Attorneys
Of The Dalles, llisve opened ofllces In
Portland, Oregon, Rooms 805-807
Lewie Building.
RiiKlnesft sent to them from Crook County
through their office In The Dalles or direct
to their Portland addrese will reeelve prompt
attention, forllund Phone, Halo W.
(Spiymoufli
8Ai:S TIMIJ ANI ;UAIN
Twine it i small item, but RuhI twiut mvm l
of expem in harvest time, l.vcty tuns your ma hins it
stuppe' tho delay costs you money. Tims in
1
X
... j&
If Repe. Itkat
I me e I T
I have secured the servives of a
First-class
Painter and Decorator
And all orders fo thai work can be left
, and receive prompt attention
W. S. COOKE
Masonic Building, Third and B Streets.
Prineville, - - Oregon
Warren & Woodward
CIVIL ENGINEERS
t Irrignlion, Subdivision, Land Surveys, Estimates Furnished
on Power Plants.
MAPS
We have had 1 0 years experience, embracing all branches
of Civil Engineering.
Box 1 87 Redmond, Oregon.
NO
Frieght Troubles
The Oregon Trunk lUilwsy it on tor business to Opal City, Just north
ol Crooked Hlver.
The Jones Warehouse Company
GEORGE A. JONES, Manager
will handle all freight st Opal City tor the railroad. The old Hlianlko
Moody Warehouse system will be employed, Merchants will get their
goods promptly ami without inconvenience, OI'At. CITY will be the
freight terminus for UO days more. Have your freight consigned in caru of
JONES
Address communications to BEXI,
Uty Meat Market
Horigan & Reinke, Props
i Beef, Pork, Mutton, Wholesale and
All Kinds of Sausage Nice and Fresh
Home Cured Bacon and
Lard. Fish and Poultry
in Season.
Butter and Eggs.
I7mn.f MA R lh
A allAVW A TAMVtVS V 1MI
Binder Twine
lufvest season li slwuyi valiublo, and some
times cutremcly ptvcioui tin swutit f ih
on ' weather or pram. He lute you
ihe best iwinc-ri.Y MOUTH
lNlrThcn you will be wf from
annoyancci, delays, exHmet, which
liiuty twine mines, Plymouth Twins
oiki perfectly in every machine. Mote
if it ii inaJe nut ucJ evety year llurt
any otlicr kind, lierauta it is known to
lie the lcnt and has been for yeati.
. Hi nil s mote sheaves with leu rx-
hmip, nti knoti, no breaks, nnJ u
ruarantecj full length n.l elra
Utrniim. tv I lyiltuuin I wino
hum the Km .iI dealer. Luuk lo."
ths liejt-hcj( tju.
For Sale by
Stewart & Co.
MORE
r'KKCON.
Ketan
Home Cured Lard
Qfl Ifi lh M 7 I
W Ws aft W sllV A V W