A SUBSTANTIAL ROAD OF DIRT Illinois Commission Builds Ons Without Uss of Stone. CONSTRUCTION METHOD EASY The S.vr. Wear Caused by Automo biles Hat Mad. It Neceeiary to Find Something. Stronger Than tho Mac adam Road Experiment! With Mix ture of Dirt and Oil Show Result. Macadam roads have been the world's standard for many years, but under rondltious of modern tratlle tlioy have so quickly worn away that In the country whl. It boasted the enduring military roads of Naioleon con gress of the road engineers of the world was called to discuss mean of preveMliiR them from going up In smoke or drtl The Iron tire of the horse drawn vehicle rolled and com pacted the limestone road. The pneu matic tire of the motorcar sucks ui the dust and draws It Into the air to blow away. It was formerly compac tion by trsrhV; now It is suction. This fact h:is been strlkinsly dem onstrated by the work of the state highway commission of Illinois. One of the best miles of macadam road ever constructed, and surface bound with a gravel of peculiar cementing quality, has licen ripped up and blown way down to the large, sharp pointed rocks that constitute the basic course. Other experiments with oil and tar hae proved the binding and protect ing proiertics of those substances. Value of Oil. The value of oil of heavy asphalt base the residuum after rellning out the volatile oils as a binder for rock Toads led to experiments with It in the construction of dirt roads without the use of stone. The idea was to coin pact and bind the dirt so that it would be waterproof and as wearproof as possible In other words, lo bitid the particles of dirt together so that trac tion would produce little dust. Que of the most sinking exiieriments with oiled Mack mud was made at Bement. Jn Tiatt county, and herewith we re turn to our illustrations. The Bement section ranks among the richest In central -Illinois. It is rich because It is fairly bottomless. It was low lying and swamny iu the olden days before the coming c.f the steam dredge and the tile and Its roads were as impass ible as that type of land affords. It is usable nil the year round for maximum loads. It Is practically dust less, it requires no dracging or scrap ing, and It has a resiliency that saves borse and vehicle and adds much to the comfort of the occupants of wagon or carriage. After more than a year's test, the experiment must he pronounc ed a great success, and the best men about Bement. who have made a study of roads for many years, regard It as the solution of the problem of build in": mud less roads in the black prairie Boils. The method of construction was sim ple. The road was plowed sii inches deep and the dirt scraped to each side. In the bed thus made a layer of oil was sprinkled, the oil In this experl- ruent being what Is nsually called SO to S5 per cent asphalt oil. After the oil was applied two inches of dirt were scraped back Into the roadway and oil and soil were thoroughly disked to gether. Uss of Tamper. Then followed a tamper, an Imple ment like a large field roller, each sec tion of which bears closely set prongs about ten Inches long, somewhat like the spikes attached to the wheels of steam roller to tear .op the road, only longer and rounded on the end. This tamper does the work its name Indi catesit completes the mixture and the oil and dirt and tamps It down. After its use more oil and dirt were added until three layers had been ap plied, and then the btcam roller com pleted the work. About two and a half gallons of oil were used to the square yard. This oil sells, according to quality, at from 4 to 7 cents per gallon. Taking 5 cents as an average and building a road sixteeu feet wide, which Is wider than is necessary for the oil. we have a cost for oil of about $1,175 per mile. The labor cost Is to be added to that. It Is certainly the cheapest mudless road that has yet been devised, as the rock roads run quickly into large mon ey when the materia! must he carried in by rail. Repairs are readily made In this form of road construction. The top is plowed up, more oil added, tamped and lolled, and the surface Is as good as new. It is not a road that does not need repair. No such road Is built. Even the city's granite blocks wear out under the creaking wheels of its heavy traffic. The fundamental fault of American country road builders Is their Idea that a road will stay built. It won't It Is not in the nature of things. The best of roads need repair, nd wise is that commissioner who has learned that in road maintenance n stitch In time saves nine. Unfortu nately not many of them have learned that fact. Evidently the black mud regions, far from gravel and limestone, need not lt helplessly marooned In mud. A way out has apparently been found over a solid, substantial btldge, built -wt oil and dirt SHORT SERMONS ON GOOD ROADS. No farming section which has once had pod roads wouid ever go back (o luid roads. lllu freight rates are uot nearly as heavy a lax on the shippers of stock ami other farm produce as bud roads are. Only a very rich county could afford the tremendous Bnanclul drain of Iwd roads. A good road Is to a country district what a paved street Is to the city property that ad joins it It makes business for that neighborhood. A farmer living on a good road Is a free man. lie Is not de pendent on weather conditions, lie Is able to sell his stock and grain and fruit at the lot mar ket prices. The railroads have to serve the man who can got his stuff to a shipping point any day In the year. Money spent for good roads Is as good nn Investment for Im proving the farm as Is money put Into sto.'k sheds, grain cribs, fences. sieds or anything else that makes the farm pay. Brains an as essential ns money and muscle lu roadmak-In-. C1LIN3 SHELL ROADS. The Successful Results of Trials of Houston, Tex. The application of oil to the shell roads which are more or less common In the south, as well as In some of i the northern const cities, has apparent- j ly beeu tried successfully lu Houston. Test, the mayor stating that the re sults were so satisfactory that he hoped to be able to treat all the shelled streets in that city lu the same mau ner. The material used was an nsphaltlc oil which was heated to sutuethiug SHZI.li BOID BEFOKS AND AFTER 00,1X0. Courteey Good Roads, New Vork.J over 200 degrees before application. It was shipped In tank cars fitted with steam coils, by means of which it was heated by a portable boiler and al lowed to run Into distributing wagons. The roads were first cleaned of all dust and the oil applied at the rate of about one gallon a square yard. The street was allowed to soak up as much of the oil as possible, the surplus being absorbed by sand or dust spread over the street and then swept off, exposing the original sur face. The average cost of hauling one ton of produce one mile ill 4 the United States Is 23 cents; in Europe it is 8 cents. With equal- ly as good roads as the French peasant enjoys the American farmers could save $230,000,000 fc a year. Roads Need Attention. Perhaps nothing has been exploited to a greater extent than the King road drag, and perhaps there Is no Imple ment that Is more generally neglected. Whether past experience shows that the road drag Is not the useful and valuable Implement Its champions would have us believe or whether It is simply neglecting the use of a good thing Is not apparent, but the result Is the same. The roads need attention and they need it more frequently than they get It. If the road drag Is not the thing then something else should be used. Hut use something. 2 IliKb freicht rates are not '9 nearly ns heavy a tax on the Z y shippers of stock and other farm Z. produce as had roads are. 4, . : Tar on Roads Disinfects, Medical authorities have announced that in addition to Its dust laying qualities a tar preparation Is highly beneficial to the community using It on Its roads, owinjt to Its disinfectant properties. According to the health authorities of Battersea, England, in fantile mortality has largely decreased In that populous district since Its streets were surfaced with tar macadam. ,v '., t S., m cADE TREES PRESERVE ROAD Their Value In Making Highways Durable. The value of shade tree In prosorv. lug roads Is o!ii!cd out by nu enthu siast In a letter recently printed In the Manchester (N. Il l I'nlon. The writer deprecates tho misdirected ac tivity of the average aelvctinnu and advocates the planting of shade trees rather than their removal, asserting that they are a help to the roads. "Perhaps no other agency," he says, "has contributed so much to the deso lation of naturally beautiful districts in New ICngland as what Is In up country parlance culled the see-lev t la.'Ui, He la a big uiun In his town and, with his brother on the board, controls the finance, schools, roads and all matters of town government and Improvement. "Ills one great achievement while In office Is to cut down all the shade trees or whatever might grow to be shade trees along the roads. He, na a rule, knows nothing of road huPdttig. and, believing that the only way to get rid of water Is to dry It up Instead of constructing his road of material - " 1 J" 1 .. ., . . i . ' ::v,:V V i -r. . v . j ASUADEO KOAO-CKN Yof Kl.B THK lltNS- riT or TitKts Courtesy Good Koads, New York.) other than garden loam, crowning It to shed wuter. grading his d I lilies to avoid the usual hhiis left to soak Into the Mad. ox'uliig sluices to let the water run away from the side ditches, he simply cuts the tics dowu and waits for his mud led to dry up. lu the course of time It does dry up, and then, except during it Immediately after rains, when It is a mass of mud. it Is a bod of (hist ii i,il nil summer Is a hot and sibling desert road, an ex hibit of ignoranee and Incompetency. "The best preserved country roads that have lo hour the heavy motor traffic of the present day are those with ample shade. If a road cannot lie oiled it needs moisture. The shade, except lu very dry periods, will retain sufficient moisture to preserve the elasticity of the road surface. There Is no danger of mud If the road Is proKrly constructed. "If you can't build your roads with asphalt or oil, plant some shade trees. Make your town lomfortable for yourself and your family and so at tractive by Its good roads and shady ways that the stranger will buy the worthless half of your farm for twice what any farmer would pay for your entire property, land. buildings, stock and mortgage. "Then the rest of your life you ran sell the purchnser anything you raise on the fertile part of your farm that you retained and get employment for your teams ami your hoys helping hliu to spend his money on the old stony pastures you sold to him. .Meantime lie will pny the town more taxes lu Ave years than your place previously paid In twenty-live. Hut you will never catch him In a town that cuts the trees and bushes from the road sides." y It Is said that the most perfts-t Z road In the world Is the eorul 4 rock road of the West Indies, 2 being porous, elastic, dry and fa never dusty. To Farm a State's Roads. Governor Carroll of Town has pro posed that the width of that state's roads be cut down from sixty to forty feet and that the strips of land thus saved be turned over to the farmers for cultivation. He believes that for ty feet Is wide enough for a country road, that such a road will be better and more enslly cared for than the wider one and that the twenty extra feet now all owed Is simply wasted. The title to this land, if the plan Is carried out, naturally vests In tho owners of land adjoining the roads, ns the state's right to It Is simply foe highway purposes, so the mensure will bo popular with farmers. It Is esti mated that 8,."00.000 bushels of corn cau be added to Iowa's crop and $3 per capita to her wealth If this land is farmed. Youth's Compimlon. Interest Money Duilt Roads. The county commissioner of Shaw nee county, Kan., buve built nearly forty miles of good roads with tho money formerly used for paying In terest on bonds. As rapidly as the bonded debt was reduced the money which formerly had been used to pay Interest was ex pended on macadam roads. There was no additional burden on the taxpayers. Instead, the tax levy was decreased tn most instances and good roads lead Into Topcka from nearly every direc tion as a result ! Professif .ial Cards. r. l-:. j. nui'TY ! Attornry'-at-Lvr (suimmrt W. A. Hell) I'HIMVIIUIt ... OlUUHN Crtok County jftsiraci C. A hairnet ol title to all land ml town tola In Crook county. B. F. Vjrlet, Secretary, Phaeville, Orttea Jft Jf. S?fn0ry (Cownly ,'hysii in.) IN. YV Sanborn I ,ttirnc,v-ntl.nw i I .VdiiniMiin bliM'k rrluevllle I Crfm mvi:rs (). 1:. YOUNG j I'mellt-r n all mtiru. Hm,1I atlrntlon to i wKU'r riKliii, UitssiU'U eittl itiiuiiihI a. lt iu-ii. Dr. John Uuhack, I.nn? Vctrrlnnry surt'ttn I'. s. Army. Ir.rtim'tu ol "ill t'liUl0nt, All iirKU-si Work mi itvAoliM I'rU'Ci, Hamilton Stables. Prioeville, Or. W. A. l.LLL FRANK Mi-Mil -Lll Lawyer The I) nllee Oregon tM'ClM.IHTM Sift o I knap dc Cd wards SPrimtmill: Onftm Si. Clliolt, !Prt ill; Onf,m. rrnl A. Klee, C. K. J. B. Seville, Jr.. K. M County Surveyor. lH'uty Co. Surveyor, Hice & Neville Civil Engineer, (tciufri.1 KriKlnocritiK. I'msEvtLLi, OREiitiM, C. 33rik Cauyr Jf itrtt, IPriifillt. ?. 0. Xyd. SPAysUimm mmti Jury C'ALLJ ArfRWUICU PROHFTLT Ukt OR NftJHT Umci ottt Door MotrrH of adammir's Xruw 8torr. H'Hh nffli e tn reij deuce telephones. Dr. J.Tregellcs Fox M. li. C. S. Kng; and I H, A. London; Liepncee Oregon Stale Medical Hoard. Specialist in Surgery; Hygiene; Ali mentary Canal; women and children'! dtaeaseH, Attendance at olhce. Main Ht., I'rine vl le, daily II to 3. Tel. Pioneer l."7. Coniultatlon Kreo Hours S to 5 R. D. Ketchum, M. T. D., D. C. Acute and chronic dlscuson treated HucccHHfully by purely ilnigli'HH met hods Roorni 16-17 Adtmten Bldf. Calls nade G. A. McFAKLANE Lawyer Practice in all courts and U. R. Land OHice. Redmond, - Oregon Willard II. Wirtz Attorney-nt-Law. Olllce In M. II. HlgK' odlce. I'ltlNKVIIXK, OlIKfiON Huntington & Wilson Attorneys Of The Dalles, llisve opened ofllces In Portland, Oregon, Rooms 805-807 Lewie Building. RiiKlnesft sent to them from Crook County through their office In The Dalles or direct to their Portland addrese will reeelve prompt attention, forllund Phone, Halo W. (Spiymoufli 8Ai:S TIMIJ ANI ;UAIN Twine it i small item, but RuhI twiut mvm l of expem in harvest time, l.vcty tuns your ma hins it stuppe' tho delay costs you money. Tims in 1 X ... j& If Repe. Itkat I me e I T I have secured the servives of a First-class Painter and Decorator And all orders fo thai work can be left , and receive prompt attention W. S. COOKE Masonic Building, Third and B Streets. Prineville, - - Oregon Warren & Woodward CIVIL ENGINEERS t Irrignlion, Subdivision, Land Surveys, Estimates Furnished on Power Plants. MAPS We have had 1 0 years experience, embracing all branches of Civil Engineering. Box 1 87 Redmond, Oregon. NO Frieght Troubles The Oregon Trunk lUilwsy it on tor business to Opal City, Just north ol Crooked Hlver. The Jones Warehouse Company GEORGE A. JONES, Manager will handle all freight st Opal City tor the railroad. The old Hlianlko Moody Warehouse system will be employed, Merchants will get their goods promptly ami without inconvenience, OI'At. CITY will be the freight terminus for UO days more. Have your freight consigned in caru of JONES Address communications to BEXI, Uty Meat Market Horigan & Reinke, Props i Beef, Pork, Mutton, Wholesale and All Kinds of Sausage Nice and Fresh Home Cured Bacon and Lard. Fish and Poultry in Season. Butter and Eggs. I7mn.f MA R lh A allAVW A TAMVtVS V 1MI Binder Twine lufvest season li slwuyi valiublo, and some times cutremcly ptvcioui tin swutit f ih on ' weather or pram. He lute you ihe best iwinc-ri.Y MOUTH lNlrThcn you will be wf from annoyancci, delays, exHmet, which liiuty twine mines, Plymouth Twins oiki perfectly in every machine. Mote if it ii inaJe nut ucJ evety year llurt any otlicr kind, lierauta it is known to lie the lcnt and has been for yeati. . Hi nil s mote sheaves with leu rx- hmip, nti knoti, no breaks, nnJ u ruarantecj full length n.l elra Utrniim. tv I lyiltuuin I wino hum the Km .iI dealer. Luuk lo." ths liejt-hcj( tju. For Sale by Stewart & Co. MORE r'KKCON. Ketan Home Cured Lard Qfl Ifi lh M 7 I W Ws aft W sllV A V W