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About Mt. Scott herald. (Lents, Multnomah Co., Or.) 1914-1923 | View Entire Issue (June 3, 1915)
LOVES THE ORCHARD Kingbird’s Hosti’ity to Hawks and Crows Is Proverbial. tt la True Flycatcher and Takes on Wing Large Part of Ita Feed— Picks Up Many Insects From Trees and Weeds. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture ) The well-known eastern kingbird Is ■eaentially a lover of the orchard, though groves and the edge of forests were probably its original habitat. It breeds tn the states east of the Kooky mountains, anu less commonly in the Great Basin and on the Pacific coast Its hostility to hawks and crows is ■rvverbial. and for this reason a fam fly of kingbirds is a desirable adjunct to a poultry yard. On one occasion In the knowledge of the writer a hawk Which attacked a brood of young tur keys was pounced upon and so se- Perely buffeted by a pair of kingbirds Whore nest was near by that the would- be robber was glad to escape without bls prey. Songbirds that nest near the kingbird are similarly protected. The kingbird is largely insectivo rous. It Is a true flycatcher and takes on the wing a large part of its food. It does not. however, confine Itself to this method of hunting, but picks up some insects from trees anil weeds, and even descends to the (round In search of myriapods or thousand-legs. The chief complaint against the species by both profes sional beekeepers and others has been that it preys largely upon honey bees One bee raiser in Iowa, sus pecting the kingbirds of feeding upon bls bees, shot a number near his hives. but when the stomachs of the bird- were examined by an expert en tomologist. not a trace of honeybees could be found An examination of 665 stomachs collected in various parts of the coun try was made by the biological survey, but only 22 were found to contain re- maintained, the bird would be of mor< benefit than harm to the apiary. I'he Casain kingbird has a more southerly range than the Arkansas flycatcher. Examination of a number of stomachs shows that its food habits are similar to those of others of the group. Three points seem to be clearly es tabllshed in regard to the food of the kingbirds- (1) that about 90 per cent consists of insects, mostly injurious species; (2) that the alleged habit of preying upon honeybees is much less prevalent than has been supposed, and probably does not result iu any great damage; and (3) that the vegetable food consists almost entirely of wild fruits which have no economic value. All of the kingbirds are of the greatest importance to the farmer and fruit grower, as they destroy vast numbers of harmful insects, and do no appreciable damage to any product of cultivation. CHICKENS AND THE GARDEN Learn How to Get Best Results From Different Ways of Feeding, Housing and Breeding. A student at one of the agricultural normal school short courses in agri culture gave the following answer to the question, "What objects are to be obtained in the study of poultry and garden?" The objects to be obtained in the study of chickens and garden are to learn how to get the best results from the different ways of feeding, housing and breeding; which are the best breeds and how to keep them pure and get the most profit from them at the least expense. In gardening, how to get the most profit from soil without robbing it of its fertility. Chickens and gardening may be studied together to mutual advantage by having two lots, one for the chick ens and the other for the garden. The garden will furnish food for the chickens and the family also and the manure of the hens will keep the soil fertile and productive. The chicken yard and garden can be alternated each year to get better results. The greens for the chickens may be grown in the end of the plot which is not occupied by the chicken coop. The chickens are to be shut up all the time except, perhaps, about an hour each evening. LEACHING CAUSES BIG LOSS Leaving Manure In Pile Reduces Its Plant Food Value—It Should Be Spread on Ground. tnains of honeybees In these 22 stom achs there were in all 61 honeybees, of which 51 were drones, 8 were cer tainly workers, and the remaining two were too badly broken to be further Identified The insects that constitute the great bulk of the food are noxious aperies largely beetles—May beetles, dick beetles (the larvae of which are known as wireworms), weevils, which prey upon fruit and grain, and a host of others Wasps, wild bees and ants are conspicuous elements of the food, far outnumbering the hive bees. Dur ing summer many grasshoppers and crickets, as well as leaf hoppers and other bugs, also are eaten. In the •tomachs examined were a number of bobber flies—insects which prey large ly upon other insects, especially honey bees. and which are know to commit tn this way extensive depredations. It la thus evident that the kingbird, by fleatroying these flies, actually does good work for the apiarist. The 26 robber flies found in the stomachs may be considered more than an equiva lent for the eight worker honeybees already mentioned. A few caterpil lars are eaten, mostly belonging to the group commonly known as cut worms, all the species of which are harmful. About 11 per cent of the food con sists of small native fruits, comprising son« thirty common species of the roadsides and thickets, as dogwood berries, elderberries and wild grapes The kingbird is not reported as eating cultivated fruit to an Injurious extent, and it is very doubtful if this is ever the case. In the western states the Arkansas kingbird is not so domestic in its hab it« as its eastern relative, preferring to live among scattering oaks on lonely hillsides, rather than In or chards about buildings. The work it does, however. In the destruction of noxious insects fully equals that of any member of Its family. Like other flycatchers, it subsists mostly upon in jects taken in midair, though ft eats a number of grasshoppers, probably taken from the ground. The bulk of Its food consists of beetles, bugs, wasps and wild bees. Like Its east ern representative, it has been accused of feeding to an Injurious extent upon the honeybee. In an examination of 62 stomachs of this bird, great care was taken to Identify every Insect or fragment that had any resemblance to a honeybee; as a result, 30 honeybees were Identified, of which 29 were males or drones, and one a worker. These were contained in four stom achs, and were the sole contents of three. In the fourth they constituted 99 per cent of the food. It Is evident that the bee-eating habit is only occa- atonal and accidental, rather than habitual; and tt Is also evident that U this ratio of drones to workers were Fifty per cent of the value of manure Is lost by leaching if it Is left In a pile for six months, says R. I. Throckmorton, assistant professor of soils in the ’’ansae State Agricul tural college. To get the greatest value from manure, it should be spread directly on the ground, so as to give the rain a chance to wash the plant food Into the soil. Piling the manure In the field to be scattered later is not a good plan. The place where the pile lay will be so enriched that small grain will lodge If planted there. The labor is also in creased. It is a good plan, advised Profes sor Throckmorton, to spread manure thinly as a top dressing for wheat or alfalfa land during the fall or win ter. It is also valuable as a top dressing on plowed ground but should be harrowed in the spring. It is bet ter to put 40 tons of manure on four acres than 40 tons on one acre. If much live stock Is kept on the farm, the bottom of an old straw stack should not be used on the field. Use ft for bedding first and It will be greatly increased in value. CULTIVATOR OF NEW DESIGN Device, Recently Perfected. Hai Given Satisfactory Performance—Mo tor la Set High. A new type of gasoline-driven cul tivator, recently perfected, has given satisfactory performance under test. The motor is set high above the front A New Gasoline-Driven Cultivator. truck, and is connected to the rear wheels by chain drive, while the riding seat Is suspended at *.he rear in much the same way as in an ordinary riding cultivator. FEED GRAIN TO THE CALVES Suitable Mixture Can Be Made of Two Parts of Cracked Corn and One Part of Wheat Bran. A little grain should be fed as soon as skim milk feeding begins, in order to replace the butterfat removed in the cream. Two parts, by weight, of cracked com and one of wheat bran make a good grain mixture, which every farmer can readily secure, and re quires no especial preparation. The calf should be taught to eat this grain by sprinkling a little of It In the feed box right after feeding the milk. No more grain should be fed than the calf will clean up readily. 1 115 LOT STOY MARIE VAN VOD5T.Uac ILLUSTRATI!>.N5 ^¿RAYWALTERS SYNOPSIS. deeert’e face It iwmul to lift hl« ■pirit and to cradle It. Then he Comte <!<■ Sabron. CHptnln of French breathed his prayer« they took form, cavalry, taken to hl« quarters to rnlw by hand a motherless Irish terrier |»up. and and la hie sleep lie repeated the Ave names It Pllchouno Ik dine.*« with ths Marla and the Paternoster, and the Marquis«* d’K«cll<mic and meets Miss words rolled and rolled over the Julia Hrdmond. American hslress. who sings for him an English ballad that desert's face and the supplication lln*«*rs In his memorx Habmn Is ordered seemed to his feverish tulnd to mingle to Algiers, but Is not allowed to taks »erxants or tl«»<s Mist* Hv<lm<'iid «»fTers to with the stars take car«* of the dog during his masters A aort of midnight dew fell upon absence, but Pltehoune. hom»*alclx for Ml master, runs away from her The Mar- I him: ao at least he thought, and It qulse plana to marry Julia to the I »uc de Tremont. Unknown to Sabron. Pttchoune seemed to him a heavenly dew and to follows him to Algiers lv«»g ami master cover him like a benignant raiu. He li’e.’t and S il l ’ll gets V- I missl.m fi.«m grew cooler lie prayed again, and the war mints!« r to keen bls dog with him with hie words there came to the Julia writes him that rltchounv has run away from her He writes Julia of Pit * young man an Ineffable sen«« of peace « h«»une Th«' Hue de Tremont finds the He pillowed his fading thoughts upon American heiress « aprlcloiis A ntws|u per report that Habr«»n la among the miss It; he pillowed his aching mind upon Ing after an engagement with the natives causes Julia to confess to her aunt that It an<l his body. too. and the pain of she love» him Sabron. wmimled In an en his wound and he thought aloud, with gagement. falls into the dry bed of a only the night airs to hear him. In liver, und in watched over by Pitchoune broken sentences: "If this Is death It CHAPTER XIII—Continued. is not ao bad Ono should rather be afraid of life This Is not difficult. If "But." Sabron said aloud. "It Is a I should ever got out of here I shall prayer to be said at night and not in not regret this night." the afternoon of an African hell " Toward morning he grew calmer, he He began to climb; he pulled him turned to speak to his little com pan- self along, leaving his track In blood ion In his troubled thoughts he had He fainted twice, and the thick forgotten Pitchoune growth held him like the wicker of a Sabron faintly called him There cradle, and before he came to his con | was no response Then the soldier sciousness the sun was mercifully go I listened In silence It was absolutely Ing down. He finally reached the top unbroken. Not even the cull of a of the bank and lay there panting night bird not even the cry of a hy Not fur distant were the bushes of ena nothing came to him but the In rose and mimosa flower, and still |ant articulate voice of the desert Great Ing. weaker and ever weaker, his cour and solemn awe crept up to him, crept age the only living thing in him. Sab up to hlin III. a spirit and sat down run. with Pitchoune by his side, by his side lie felt his hands grow dragged himself Into healing hands cold, and his feet grow cold Now. un All that night Subron was delirious; able to spe '( aloud, there passed his mind traveled tar Into vague fan through his n id that this, indeed, was tastic countries. It-il back again, ever death, desert u ubsolute in the heart gently, by a tune, to safety of the plain Every now and then ho would real lae that he was alone ou the vast C APTER XIV. desert, destined to finish his existence here, to cease being a human creature An American Girl. and to become nothing but carrion The Marqi ■ d’E-cllgnac saw that Moments of consciousness succeeded she bad to i .«in with an American those of mental disorder Every now girl. Thus« > ho know these girls •ml then be would feel Pttchoune know what (' «ir temper and mettle close to his arm The dog licked his are, and that !iey are capable of the hand and the touch was grateful to finest reverb« . Ion the deserted officer Pitchoune licked Julia Rcdnn I was very young his master's cheek and Sabron felt Otherwise she ould never have let that there was another life beside bis Sauron go wit' ut one sign that ahe In the wilderness Neither dog nor was not indlff ent to him, and that man could long exist, however, with she was rathe bi>r«'d with the Idea out food or drink and Sabron was of titles and foi iries But she adored growing momentarily weaker her aunt and -.«w, moreover, some The Frenchman, though a philoso • I • • hOM a.’i«l '•!'••(» In pher, realized how hard it was to die the make-up of the aunt She saw unsatisfied in love, unsatisfied In life, deeper than tl • polish that a long having accomplished nothing, having Parisian lifetli « had overlaid, an«) wished many things and realized at she loved what ho saw She respected an early age only death' Then this her aunt, and ki owing the older lady's point of view changed und the phys point of view, hud been timid and hesi tating until now ical man was uppermost. Now the American girl woke up. or He groaned for water, he groaned for relief from pain, turned his head rather asserted herself. "My dear Julia," said the Marquise from side to aide, und Pitchoune whined softly. Sabron was not strong d'Esclignac, "are you sure that ull the enough to speak to him, and their tinned things, the cocoa, and so forth, voices, of nun and beast. Inarticulate, aru on board’ 1 did not s«-e that box." mingled—b<>nl left to die in the open. "Ma tante,” returned her niece from Then Sabron violently rebelled and her steamer chair, "it's the only piece cried out in his soul against fate and of luggage I am sure about" At this response her aunt suffered a destiny. He could havo cursed the day he was born. Keenly desirous to alight qualm for the fate of tho rest of live, to make his mark and to win her luggage, and from her own chair everything a man values, why should In the shady part M the deck glanced he be picked and chosen for this lone toward her niece, whose eyes were on ly pathetic end? Moreover, he did not her book. wish to suffer like this, to lose his “What a practical girl she Is," grasp on life, to go on Into wilder thought the Marquise d'Esclignac. delirium and to die! He kn«w enough "She seems ten years older than I. of injuries to feel sure that his wound She Is cut out to be the wife of a poor alone would not kill him When he man. It is a pity she should have a had first dragged himself Into the fortune. Julia would have been charm •hade he had fainted, and when he ing as love In a cottage, whereas came to himself he might have I . . ." stanched his blood. Ills wound was She remembered her hotel on the hardly bleeding now. It had already Parc Monceau, her chateau by the died! Fatigue and thirst, fever would Rhone, her villa at Biarritz—and finish him. not bls hurt. He was too sighed. She had not always been the young fo die .Marquise d'Esclignac; she had been With great effort he raised himself an American girl first and remembered on his arm and scanned the desert that her maiden name had been De •t.reiching on all »Idea like a rosy sea. Puyster and that she had come from Along the river bank the pale and deli Schenectady originally. But f«<r many cate blossom and leaf of the mimosa years she had forgotten these things. I-.y like a bluish veil, and the smell of Near to Julia Redmond these last few the evening and the smell of the mi weeks all but courage and simplicity mosa flower and the perfumes of the had seemed to have tarnish on its weeds came to him, aromatic and wings. sweet. Above bls head the blue sky Sabron had not been found. was ablaze with stars and directly It was a curious fact, and ono that ovor him the evening star hung like a transpires now and then in the history crystal lamp. But there was no beau of desert wars the man la lost. The ty In It for the wounded officer who captain of the cavalry was missing, looked In walneto the dark shadows on and the only news of him was that he the desert that might mean approach had fallen in an engagement and that ing human life It would be better to his body had never been recovered die as he was dying, than to be found Several sorties had been made to find by the enemy! him; the war department had dons all Th« sea of waste rolled unbroken as that It could; he had disappeared from far as bls fading eyes could reach. ths face of the desert and even his He sank back with a sigh, not to rise bones could not be found. again, and closed his eye» and waited. From the moment that Julia Red He slept a short, restlese, feverish mond had confessed her love for the sleep, and In It dreams chased one an Frenchman, a courage had been born other like those evoked by a narcotic, In her which never faltered, and her but eut of them, over and over again aunt seemed to have been infected by came the picture of Julia Redmond, it. The marquise grew sentimental, and she sang to him the song whose found out that she was more docile snd words were a prayer for the safety Impressionable than she had believed of a loved one during the night. herself to be, and the veneer and eti From that romantic melody there quette (no doubt never a very real seemed to rise more solemn ones. He part of her) became less Important heard the rolling of the organ In the than other things. During the last cathedra) In his native town, for he few weeks she hsd been more a I>s came from Rouon originally, where Puyster from Schenectady than the there is one of the most beautiful Marquise d'Esclignac. cathedrals In the world The mpslc "Ma tar.te,” Julia Redmond had rolled and rolled and passed over the said to her when the last telegram was brought In to the Chateau d'EecH gnac, 1 shall Isavs for Africa tumor row.“ "My dear Julia!** "He Is alive' Hud will nut let him die llealdsa, I have prayed I believe In God. don't yuu?" "Of course, my dear Julia." "Well," said the girl, who e p«l* cheeks and trembling bund« I' it held the telegram made a sincere luipre« »Ion on her aunt. ' »«>11 tln’ii. If you bslleve. why do you doubt that lie la alive? Someone must find him. Will you tell Eugene tu have th» motor here In an hour? The boat sails to morrow, ma tante " The marquise rolled tier embroidery and pul It aside for twelve months Her fine bands looked capable «» she did so ".My dear Julia, a young and hand some woman cannot follow like a daughter of th« regiment, after the fortunes of a soldier." "But a Red Cross nuras can, ma tante. and I have my diploma." "The boat leaving tomorrow, my dear Julia, doesn't tuki< passengers'* "Oh. ma tante! There will be nn other boat for Algiers,** she opened the nowspapor. "until . . . oh, heav ens!" "But Robert do Tremont's yacht la In tho harbor." Miss Redmond looked at her aunt speechlessly. "I «ball telegraph Madame d' Hau«- sonvllle and a«k permission for you to go In that as an auxiliary of the Red Cross to Algiers, or rather. Robert is at Nice. I shall telegraph him." "Oh. inn tanto!" "Ho asked me to tnnkn up my own party for a cruise on tho .Mediterran ean," said tho Marquis« d'Esclignac thoughtfully. Ml«»s Redmond fetched the telegraph blank and the pud from th» table The color began to return to her cheek« She put from her mind the Idea that her aunt hud plans for her All ways wore fulr In the present situation. Tho Marquise d'Esclignac wroto her dispatch, a very long one, slowly. She said to her servant: "Call up tho Villa do« I'erroquota at Nice I wish to apeak with tho Due do FISH WITH SCOOP Philadelphians Have Discarded Hook and Line. Of Cour»« Th«rs Will Ba Boms Who Will Not Readily Believe Thia Story, but There Always Are Skeptics. When you go fishing you take a pole «nd reel and wind up your line when you get a blto. You probably have a hook on tho end of your lln« with halt on it, and occasionally get a fish. Well, you're wasting time. If you doubt It, join the Fish Liar«' club. Members of th» dub were out today on thu Ih'lawuro pulling up fish by the hundred«. For tho first time they used th» automatic magnetic «coop. This device 1« just what thu naino Im piles. It attract« and then captures. Furthermore, Il enables tho fishermen to catch hundred« of »mall fish alive, and this mark« the beginning of a new er* for the club. After sorting out all tho largo fish for feasting purpose)« tho «mall fish will be sold a» aquarium pets. .Many l*dn»nro sunfish havo a di'cldcdly blonde lingo and could read Uy pass for goldfish Members of the club believe If they aru kept In fresh, clean water they wIII never tarnish But a« to the magnetic scoop. It was designed at u meeting of tho dub in the back room of Harvey C. Mc Carthy's cigar store tip In Kensington, and »as patented by Bill Harrison, tho well-known angler. Th« scoop is mail« of steel and is sunk in tho Muter on two long chains. Tho chains arc attached to a universal crane, which Is «•rrlr«l on a boat One of tho chains operates the lid of tho scoop, whl!« th» oilier drags tho scoop along. Tho Interior of th« scoop is coated with beef julco and sulphur, and as it plunges through th« water appetizing odors ar« emitted. This at tracts the fish They peep In tho scoop to see what It is all about and tho lid Immediately goes down. You tnay ask: "How does tho fish erman know when tho scoop has fish In it." They cun t«-li by th* weight on the boat an«l when they find tho pulling Is getting harder. In a short trip from Shacknmaxon street wharf to Riverton th« dub caught 971 pounds of perch, weak fish and cattte» Th« new device will also b« used on Sunday, and th« fellows with the poles and lines along tho wharves better bring some newspapers to read, for most of tho fish will fol She Was Bored With the Idea of low tho scoop—Philadelphia Record. Titles and Fortunes. Tremont." She then drew her niece Old Fashions Return With the War. Among the many changes that the very gently to her «ide. looking up at her as a mother might have looked wnr Is bringing into th« streetn and "Darling Julia, Monsieur de Sabron tho home sonic of the most significant ha« never told you that he loved you?" are so quiet and unobtrusive that peo ple hardly notice them Ono of them Julia shook her head Is the change that Ims camo over "Not tn words, rna tante." There was a silence, and then Julia the look of households of persons of fnstldlous tastes and strict esthetic Redmond said: Formerly the Idea of a "1 only want to assure myself that conduct. he Is safe, that he lives. 1 only wish mounted photograph (except perhaps a reproduction of an ol<) master) was to know his fate " "But If you go to him like this, ma thought to bo quite banal and terribly chere, he will think you love him. He suburban. Today you find their num- must marry you! Are you making a tclplecc» crowded with photographs, some even pinned on tho wall without serious declaration." "Ah," breathed tho girl from be th« slightest regard for spacing and tween trembling lipa, "don't go on. I arrangement—details which formerly w< til«! have tnken an afternoon's shall be shown the way." The Marquise d'Esclignac then said, thought to settle. Our artistic houses are being ruined without n single re musing: "I shall telegraph to England for gret. Another reversion to simpler provisions. Food is vile In Algiers. day* 1» the return of the old fash Also, Melania must get out our sum ioned hair broom with Its little oblong frame of gold prettily wrought in mer clothes.” "Ma tante!” said Julia Redmond, closing a tiny panel for a strand of hair. Some of them are orlglnnls “our summer clothes?" "Did you think you were going bought in curio shops or rummaged out from old cases, but the hair In alone, my dear Julia!" She had been so thoroughly the them today Is young and newly cut.— Manchester Guardian, Amerlca.i girl that she had thought of nothing but going She threw her Influence of Dams on Fish. arms around her aunt's neck with an Tho influence of river dams on fish abandon that made the latter young again. .«a Marquise d'Esclignac eries seems to be only very Imperfect ly underHtood; and tho effects on fishes kissed her niece tenderly. and mollusks of the new barrier "Madame la Marquise, Monsieur Is across the Mississippi at Keokuk, Duo de Tremont Is at the telephone," la. aro being Investigated by tho the servant announced to her from tbs United States bureau of fisheries. At doorway. pile place unusual facilities for the (TO Bn CONTINUED.) study' of fish migration are afforded. Important flahory developments In tho Criticizes Hospitals. Mrs. W. K. Vanderbilt has given great river lako created are expected, much time and money to the question nnd It Is believed that the Increased of the selling of drugs and tho treat fish supply will after a time largely ment ot those who become victims compensate for loss of crops on which the city of New York takes care drowned farm lands. She now declared the manner Is Imitation Ale Travel. which the city of New York takes Imitation flight Is tho novel recrea care of the drug "fiends” a hideous farce. After ten days the victims are tion idea of Henry Salsbury of Ixin- sent out of the hospitals “cured," and don. A car suspended above the she says they leave shattered In nerve ground Is given the motions of a fly and unable to fight against the drug. ing aeroplane, and motion pictures, Katherine Bement Davis, commission taken from an elovatlon during actual er of charities In New York, says that flight, are projected upon the surface, between 35 and 50 per cent of all the giving the occupants of the car a com plete Illusion of traveling along criminals ara drug fiends. through the air.