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About Malheur enterprise. (Vale, Or.) 1909-current | View Entire Issue (April 8, 1916)
SATURDAY, APHlL ft, 1016. MALHEUR ENTERPRISE PAGE FIVE 1014 Dec Paid School Clerk.. 1015 Jan. " " " .. Feb. " " .. Apr. " " " .. May " " " ., Juno " " " .. Sept " " " .. Dec " " .. Dec 31 Balance in Fund .. DISBURSEMENTS $ 374.53 396.51 370.54 70.60 11,405.40 742.11 3,290.05 1,922.60 085.03 $ .10.627.36 t $ 10,627.36 NOTE: In addition to above amount $8,269.80 State and County school T II Tin Umn Amonniui (?u ,rfVf WIIUWl STATEMENT SHOWING RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF THE CITY OF NYSSA, OREGON From October 1, 1914, to December 31, 1915, Inclusive. 1914 . Oct 1 Balance in Fund .. Oct Special City Taxes.. Nov. " '" " 1915 Jan. " - " .. Feb. " " " Mar. " " " " May " " ' " " July " " " Aug " " " .. Sept " " " .. Oct " " .. Dec " " " .., RECEIPTS 20.16 33.07 227.02 4 86J33 , 7.81 ...... .-. ...... 3,760.80 93.24 10.04 68.50 305.50 .'. -384.44 -' 237.17 DISBURSEMENTS Paid City Treasurer, 1014 Dec 1915 Jan. " " " Apr. " " July " " " Nov. " " " Dec " " " Dec. 31 Balance in Fund $ 260.09 86.83 3,797.77 13,29 857.43 2.21 234.96 .$ 6,252.58 $ 5,252.58 STATEMENT SHOWING RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF THE CITY OF JORDAN VALLEY From October 1, 1914, to December 31, 1915, Inclusive. RECEIPTS 1914 Oct 1, Cash in Fund $ 52.41 Nov Special City Taxes 5.3s- 1915 J?n- " " " 26.79 Mar- 466.81 May ' " " 56.20 July 16.50 Sept 142.05. Oct .; 396.54- . Dec " " " ... u.50 DISBURSEMENTS . 1914 .Oct Paid City Treasurer. Dec " " " : - : 1915 Jan. " " " Apr. " " " ' "- Juno " " '.' " Nov. " " " .."."". Dec. 31 Balance in Fund . 52.41 5.30 26.79 456.81 72.70 539.49 11.60 SUMMARY STATEMENT SHERIFF'S OFFICE Showing Taxes Collected from October 1, 1914, to December 31, 1915. Total to Account for 1914 Oct. 1, Cash on hand $ 5,590.05 1914 Taxes Collected. 273,767.61 1913 " " 25,606.95 ' " 2,776.02 1911 " .. 1,880.10 1910 " 1,602.67 1909 1,549,07 1908 380.75 1007 " " . 95.8O 1906 " " $313,140.72 Paid Cash Treasurer on hand $273,709.43 $ 58.08 26,248.63 648.63 3,470.35 40.99 2,305.53 290.55 1,562.32 442.36 2,413.37 101.35 914.33 5.72 429.33 418.75 $311,472.04 $ 1,677.68 TREASURER'S OFFICE Reconciliation with Banks as of December 31, 1915. APPORTIONED FUNDS DEBIT First Natl. Bank, Vale . $ 9,655.97 U. S. Natl. Bank, Vale. 15,640.56 First Natl. Bank, Ontario 9,315.92 Ontario Natl. Bank, Ontario 8,214.17 Bank of Nyssa, Nyssa 2,448.46 Malheur County Bank, Nyssa 2,866.11 Bank of Jordan Valley 6,252.05 Jones & Co., We3tfall 1,356.20 Total deposits in Banks . 54,749.44 Dep. in Transit U. S. Natl., Vale 5,325.26 Dep. in Transit F. N. B., Vale 1,231.26 Dep. in Transit Ont Natl . 868.55 Cash items v 140.15 DISBURSEMENTS Warrants redeemed . , Interest on same . Permanent Road Fund General Road Fund . Road Distritcs County and State School Fund Special Schools Special Cities , Irrigation Districts , Fish and Game Fund State Tax " County Fair , Library . ; . General Fund .: Trust Fund . Cash in Banks . .. Cash on hand undistributed $ 00,410.34 2,761.00 24,830.20 25,064.23 27,644.72 42,466.35 67,308.40 27,351.40 26,340.41 25.00 64,204.85 1,736.88 660.18 80.00 1,550.00 52,358.38 2,403.10 $466,096.52 $466,006.52 STATEMENT OF TREASURER'S ACCOUNT Showing Ledger Balances as of December 31, 1915. It Cash on hand . State Tax Fund O. D. ... Road Dist No. 11 O. D. Road Dist No. 12 O. D. Road Dist No. 16 O. D. General Fund County' School Fund Gen. Road Fund Permanent Road Fund .. City of Vale City of Ontario City of Nyssa City of Jordan Valley Malheur County Fair .... Indemnity Fund Estates .... Dead Ox Flat Irr. Dist Owyhee Irr. Dist Payette Slope Road Districts School Districts $ 62,358.38 2,015.58 '18.09 955.85 490.92 $ 28,976.56 4,350.93 3,048.24 2,008.35 1&8.G0 820.22 234.06 11.60 39.10 140.15 630.80 444.00 164.77 4,468.63 5,422.82 4,841.09 $ 65,839.72 ? 55,839.72 ASSESSOR'S OFFICE STATEMENT OF TAXES COLLECTED AND TURNED OVER TO TREASURER FROM OCTOBER 1, 1914, TO DECEMBER 31, 1915. DEBITS Personal property taxes .. $ 11,557.60 CREDITS Treasurer's Receipt No. 104 " " " 196 l 11 jg7 1. l 108 " " 190 .11 ii 201 " '" " 202 11 11 11 211 " " 215 ii 11 217 " '.' " 218 1 11 11 gig " " " 229 11 .1 i ggg " " " 235 11 11 11 2 11 l 11 g 65.70 8.42 18.85 35.80 304.73 29.40 242.34 4.65 205.79 50.48 46.15 68.81 33.20 24.90 52.02 10.30 2,282.44 8,074.62 $ 11,557.60 $ 11,557.60 NOTE No. 1: Paees 2 to 22 enrrvinp wnmrnmilntinng oVinJfT'o nn,i tax collector's accounts omitted. - F O w J bAUVIiOO 1U1 ucuunui ui wits anenu ana iax collector balance accurately and are accounted for in the report of the county clerk and v4 t Ul VI a APPORTIONED FUNDS CREDIT Cash on hand .. ....... Outstanding Cks. F. N. B., Vale Outstanding Cks. U. S. Natl., Vale 8,920.89 Error Deposit U. S. Natl., Vale Cash over .. ............ . $ 52,358.38 1,000.00 N 10.10 16.20 $ 62,314.66 $ 62,314.66 TREASURER'S OFFICE Statement Showing Condition of Unapportioned Cash Account As of December 31, 1915. DEBITS Taxes received from County Assessor and not appor tioned by Treasurer . $ 2,403.10 Interest . 78.06 CREDITS Dep. in First Natl. Bank, Vale Dep. in U. S. Natl. Bank, Vale '. "..:.... School Dist Coupons paid ...... ............. In hands of Treasurer . . .. . $ 2,481.16 TREASURER'S OFFICE 862.64 683.85 600.00 334.77 $ 2,481.16 STATEMENT. SHOWING RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS From October 1, 1914 to December 31, 1915, Inclusive. 1914 Oct 1, Cash on hand Clerk's Fees Taxes ..... . Interest from Banks .. Fines and Bail Forfeitures Trust Fund Miscellaneous RECEIPTS " v I'M muu ai, .................... l,l1tf.UO btate & uounty scnooi runo ... . . 5,607.88 $ 84,669.55 7,999.14 311,472.04 .. 1,436.76 999.30 1,650.00 663.28 1,140.68 Sale of Bonds Scalp Bounty from State , bhentrs teas Tuburcular Cows ............... County Fair Fund ............. riah and Game fund .. ...,...,... T 1PB Comity-Aiwr tMmHtstwmmm 30,719.25 7,211.25 349.80 37.50 746.49 27.10 11,557.60 NOTE No. 2: It is Dointed Ollt. thai, tha "Pormnnont T7no,l -C"Jl I ed by, the sale of the $30,000 in bonds for the construction' of the Big Bend bridge has a balance of $2,000 and that it has also been charged' with $2,000 NOTE No. 3: In the interest, nf onnnmnv if omiTrl r,,,i. have been omitted from the Treasurer's statements where thciy appear on Trill OTA T It frvA nn4 4-1a Ml RESUME For the numose nf rnmnnriRnn n n A tli n Uanafii- f i-t. - e -"ui"'', wi? '-'""'"y jouri, uireccs me puDiication of the Financial Statement of the County for the' year 1913 made by Crandall & Roberts vyiiu cjiuiuuieu uie county recoras oi tnat year. The indebtedness of tho COUntv nt. ihnt. timn vjna K07 09 Tn nJtAS tion to this financial indebtedness the Watson bridge was unpaid for amount level ' county expended $1,100 in raising same to a proper The indebtedness therefore at that time was about $66,000. Examining the report for 1915 it will be noted that all of this amount has been liquida ed and if the bonds for the Big Bend bridge be included! as active liabilities. the Dresent liabilities nr $21 039 73 H,H, t,.nn. oij ii i ' 'j' which must be liquidated by the creation of a sinking fund, are not properly v.v-o mm urauuio uc iiuuiiuiui auiit'ment. 3nows tnat tne coun IkV an excess of resources over liabilities of $8,060.27 which is about $65,000 better condition than in 1913. Having in three years liquidated an indebtedness of $56,000 the County Lourt desires to call attention tn thn fnrt thnt, !. tiV ., fundi in 1913 amounted, to $70,807.74 and that in 1915 the general fund levy was $85,972.65. This is an increase of $15,000 over 1913. Accounting for ,$7,500. Transferred to road districts to take up overdrafts $1,658.66. Wid- ? j t,':.'uef,nl i,uu. ireasurers oince, tnrough state law since loinoim xjuuu inuring an increase oi $iu,8UH to which should be added , """-v" v,V!"a,a OL smaller amounts natural to increased business. 1 lie lew for 191G. the mrrpnt vonf rrntinrni fnA nMn.,n . ,oo jnn o This amount includes $14,000 for new jail cells, heating of them and heat ing: entire court house. The cells are badly needed and the heatinj? plant twwootirf ah a.u ti Lilt: eicc-Liiiii ixiwnRP9 wpfa 1 1 1 1 in current year there will be two elections timate of $5,000 for same, as the cost iri 1914 was about $6,000. Deducting these amounts it will be noted that the general fund levy for 1916' for the , w.iujuun io tJiukbiutiiy uio aumu as ior iviil. RURAL CREDIT Senator Sheppard, of Texas, has in troduced a rural credit bill modeled after tho German Landschaft, which should become a law. For nearly 160 years it has been in use in Prussia, having been inau gurated by Frederick the Great through the agency of Buring, a Ber lin merchant Through its operation, Germany has become a country of homes and land owners: Through its operation Germany has reached its present wonderful vitality in money matters and exports: In fact it is mainly through the operation of this great rural system that has enabled G rmany to hold the world at bay for two years. Landschaft means Land District The workings of the system is about as that of Oregon irrigation districts. If Oregon would pass a constitutional amendment permitting the organiza tion and operation of a system of Land Districts under such a system as is proposed by Senator Sheppard including permission for the state to guarantee the bonds of irrigation and drainage districts there would ensue an era of prosperity which would be permanent: It would be the com mencement of a home making that would make America as unified as Germany and as productive as that wonderful country. Our lands would increase in fertility because of the de termination of Che fanners to make a lasting home of what they now hope and expect to turn into money with which to live in some village or city. This is what America needs more than any thirty lee -more rl country homes and such laws would assure them. In- explanation of the bill Senator Sheppard says in part: It so happens, however, that in a wonderful country beyond the Atlan tic, a country in many respects the most remarkable in the world, the land, its greatest asset, has been made the basis of one of the most stable and most beneficent credit instru ments on earth. I allude to Germany and the landschaft bond. Strange to sayfl as long ago as 147 years Prussia began a system which made the land the basis of permanent credit, a se curity for the faremr's promise to pay which he could exchange for money in the open market at the lowest rate, without the intervention of the pro fit bank, and which brought him eco nomic independence, lasting prosper ity. It is not surprising that Ger many displays an internal vitality to day that astounds the world, a vitality resulting largely from the fact that 80.1 per cent of German farms are worked by their owners. On the tomb of Frederick the Great one word could be inscribed that would mean more than Hennersdorf and Rossbach, than all his other achievements in court or camp, and that word is "Landschaft" He organized tho first landschaft in 1760. He obtained the idea from a Berlin merchant, Buring, and Buring ought to have a monu ment by the side of Frederick's. The landschaft was little less than a miracle of finance. It touched the land and the land was gold. Land schaft means land district It is an incorporated body of borrowing farm ers in a given district, and its essence U th exchange, of th mortgage of the individual member for the socie ty's collective bond and the sale of the bond without further guaranty. collects annual or semiannual inter est and amortization payments, dis tributed over a long term of years, on practically the samo principle on which tho interest and sinking-fund payments are collected in American school and drainage districts. There are 25 of these societies in Germany today, and their bonds are surviving the shock of tho most terrific war of time. The initial landschaft founded by Frederick tho Great in 1769, is still in succesful operation. These scie- ties had in circulation in 1909 botvts of the value of $840,000,000, carrying an interest rate of 3, 3, and 4 per cent These societies do not know what failure means. They are so! op erated that they can not fall. They are based on a value that? can not fail the value attaching to the source and means of human subsistence. As long as humanity exists upon tho pro ducts of the soil that value must ex ist The landschaft has solved the pro blem of finding and preserving that value. The borrowing power repre sents as high' as 60 per cent of the productive value of tho land. Spec ulative value is not considered. The landschaft has no capital stock, no shares, no dividends. Its loans run from 45 to 64 and, 75 years, and each payment has an amortization fen ture. Its principal features are: (1) rigid government supervision; (2) liable appraisal; (3) summary fore- closure and administration; (4) col lective liability; (5) land titles with out the possibility of question; (6) participation by borrowers in the man agement; (7) nominal expense of management A joint-stock, profit bank is no part of a genuine, land-credit system. If the bank takes a mortgage, bases a bond on it, and sells tho bond under its own guaranty, the expense of maintaining tho bank with its salaris, equipment, and dividends comes out of the mortgagor. Why should this ex pense be saddled on the borrower when the land itself under a landschaft sys tern is sufficient? Land is moro per manent than governments or banks. Under the regulations of a landschaft it is, in the long run, a better secur ity than Government bonds. On more than one occasion landschaft bonds have sold nt higher figures than the bonds of tho Imperial German Gov ernment They nre holding their own during the present war. They mobil ize the land in such way as to make it a. liquid, realizable asset without the necessity of tho intervention of a bank. Then why have a bank? Tho landschaft bond is a charge against no particular parcel of land, but against the society in general,' with the privilege of exercising, if necessary, all its rights against in dividual members and their lands. The remedy of a creditor is the right to compel tho exercise of tho land- schaft's power of assessment, and not a suit against the individual landowner. I notice that almost universal error prevails in this country as to the character of tho liability of the mem bers of the landschaft It is gener ally supposed that each member is unlimitcdly and personally responsible for all oi? tho obligations of the land schaft That is no mare true than it is true in the case of a landowner in a school district or in a drainage district The liability is merely a col lectible liability subject to the right of the central authorities to levy the necessary annual assessments for in terest and sinking-fund payments. I wish to direct especial attention to this widely misunderstood feature of the landschaft the feature of col lective liability. In reality there is nothing new, strange, or untried about this'featuro to the American farmer, It is practically the same kind of mu tual, collective liability that obtains in the American school, drainage, and other improvement districts. Let us consider, for example, the school-district law of Texas. It has tho following provision as to liability: When tho commissioner's court shall provide for tho issuance of bonds and each year thereafter so long as tho bonds or any of them are out standing, said court shall levy a tax not to exceed 25 cents on tho $100 valuation of taxable property of tho district, sufficient to pay interest on tho bonds and to produce a sinking fund which, together with the interest thereon when placed at interest, shall be Bufilcient to pay the principal of tie bonds at maturity. After said bonds have been issued and sold and said tax levied it shall not be law ful to hold an election to determine whether or not said tax shall be dis continued or lowered until tho bonds with interest thereon have been paid, nor can the limits or boundaries of the district be changed. The drainage-district law of Texas is a4 follows in this regard: Whenever any such district-drain age bonds shall have been issued, the commissioners shall levy and cause to be assessed and collected improvement taxes upon all property, whether real, personal, mixed, or otherwise, subject to taxation within the limit of such district, and sufficient in amount to pay the interest on such bonds with an additional amount to be placed in sinking fund, sufficient to discharge and redeem said bonds at their maturity. So the landschaft, or land district, applies practically the same princi ple of liability already applied in the United States by the school district, the drainage and improvement districts. Let me add that my bill for a land schaft system has been brought to the attention of two of the world's best I borg and Lorenzonl, both of Italy, Lorenzoni says that the bill is on thor oughly sound lines. Wollcmborg' comment is as follows: I have read tho text of this bill I am unable to givo an opinion on matters of detail and points of pro ccdure as I am unacquainted with local conditions and with tho psy chology of tho farming population to whom the measure is to apply. I can, however, say that tho bill is based on sound economic principles and faithfully follows the main out lines of tho landschaft system of co operative mortgage credit which has been in existence for over 150 years in Germany, with an unbroken record of success. As I have already slated, in my opinion this system of long-term land credit is best suited to comply with the requirements of the average Amer ican farmer, for it is suited to land owning farmers, owning medium or largo sized farms, and requiring for their further development 'Aoans for considerable amounts, at a low rate of interest and for a long term of years, to bo repaid by gradual amortization, au.ttioritl? pn rural credit, Wollem- M'CUMBER BILL v Tho accredited friends of rural cre dits put forth strange arguments in support of their-amendments or bills or in opposition to the same in con gress or elsewhere. For instance Senator McCumber having introduced a short bill intend ed to simplify a rural credit system induced probably by the ridiculous Hollis monstrosity, and in support of the bill said, commenting on long time loans: "Who would want to tie up his land for 36 years? Why, wo can not find oven any who want a ten year loan, etc.," . The absurdity of this argument lies in tho fact that every bill provides that the farmer may pay off his indebtedness at any time after five years, so that it makes no difference whether ho borrows the money for ten or fifty years he may make any kind of payment ho chooses after five years, paying it off as fast as he likes. F. S. Myers, of Portland, proposes credit system whereby the State must go into the business, thereby creating an army of servitors who will eat up tho surplus and also provides that tho farmer must pay not less than six per cent This rate of six perl cent is ony re latively low. It is considered a high rate in eastern communities and the proposed provision will prevent Ore gon from ever making a loan for less rate. It is absurd. Mr. Myers has also shown in mathematical necrom ancy that if tho state borrows at four per cent and charges the farmer six per cent tho state will havo a capital of $39,000,000, in twenty five years and make a clear profit of $40,000,000, in 35 years all from an investment of $19,000,000. As tho stato must pay expenses out of .tho difference of two per cent it is difficult to sco how com pound interest at less than 2 per cent can accumulate with such rapidity. If, however, tho stato should not pay tho four per cent, but hold up the peoplo who buy the state's bonds, it becomes plain. Thus is real reform killed by its alleged friends. Tho question is not open to argument along these lines, Tho Hollis bill or what is known as the administratiqn bill, creates a sys tem of greater weight than tho Fed eral Reserve association, which will cost moro than that system, which demands a straight 5 per cent com mission from each borrower, and would force interest up rather than down. Sheppard's Landschaft bill (Land District bill) is tho only ono which provides a real and simple system, Tho argument mado by McCumber, that it is not applicable to tho United States is not good unless he shall state it as not applicable to tho United States because it really introduces a system which will lower interest to farmers and put the commission pir ate out of business. If a ton of clover hay contains 82 pounds of lime, 40 pounds of nitrogen, 30 pounds of potash, some sulphur and iron and 8 pounds of magnesium, how can it bo said that tho lime which is equal in amount to tho potassium and sixtimes as much as the phos phorus, is not a plant food of equal importanco to nitrogen, potash or phosphorus? Sand Farmer. Phosphorus is the food which pro duces the seed, is chiefly derived from the bones of animals or from the phos phate rock which had been formed in previous centuries by animals going to certain localities to die, or by the guano deposited by the sea birds on the dry cliffs of South America and tho islands of the Pacific. It is rich in phosphorus because these sea birds live chiefly on fish which contains large amounts of this plant food. Sand Farmer. Is it unreasonable to think that if the animals require a balanced ration that the plants required one also? If there aro ten plant foods which enter in tho production of a perfect plant, can such a plant grow with only nine? Sand Farmer. There is some curiosity to know who the Democrats aro going to nom inate for governor of Kansas, but, as a general proposition, it doesn't mat ter much, When a statesman says too much about the goodness and greatnc38..qf tho common people, said common pQQi -1 , ,.. . , i pis Niouia negtn wavcning mm, RAILROADS WAN! ALL OF IT Flooding the country with litera ture regarding their method of trans acting business and presenting their philanthropic principles through the country press in frantic endeavors to create a public opinion favorable to their piratical efforts, the Southern Pacific, through their president, Wil lim Sproule, has sent out an argu ment favoring that company in the Land Grant question which the su preme court of tho United States passed up to congress for settlement It is only necessary to present one, of their arguments for short discussion in order to show thcir ingenious twist ing and distortion of facts ast well- as false conclusions regarding the- entire subject President Sproule says in part: "From tho experience of tho past wo may bo certain that the Company will be called upon to furnish "the Government free transportation of iho value of $75,000 per annum, and this is a perpetual obligation. Now, if we could sell every acre of the land at present unsold, viz., 2,400,000 acres, at the price of $2.50 per acre, this would yield $6,000,000, which would bo used up in eighty years by tho free transportation which we aro bound to furnish tho Government leaving the Company thereafter for all time to furnish' transportation to the Government without compensa tion." Let us investigate this a little. Having sold their grant remaining for $6,000,000 what will they do with tho money? They are continually bor rowing money at from 5 per cent, up and it seems as though this $0,000, 000, might bo worth 5 per cent at which figure their income would be $300,000, per annum. From this sum deduct, tho free service which Mr. Sproule estimates at $75,000, and. there is remaining $225,000, perpetual annual income which has been given them by the government over and above $1,216,000, which Mr. Sproule says tho company has already profit ed. Taking into consideration the-fact that tho grant did what it was given for form a basic security for funds which built tho Oregon and Califor nia we would like somo information as to where that huge monument ,of governmental charity is hurt? SHORTSTOPS . , .. W W Hf W W tf 3M W W W W W W W JTS m en IK m S m Ul 7K 3f IK 't HE Jn t tn -In Much of the abuse of tho idlo rich is founded) on envy. Sometimes a resourceful proves it by avoiding work. man If you havo positive opinions -you aro a crank in somebody's estimation. A crank would bo only an enthus iast if you happened to agree with him. No young man thinks much of his father's judgment in tho matter of clothes. An optimist is a great hand to look on tho bright sido of other people's troubles. First find out who aro the fools and the sick men, and then don't, arguo with them. If a man and his pipo only; smellcd as nlco as they look in thoso tobacco advertisements. Thero is considerable apprehension because Carranza's army is behind General Pershing's American troops. Still, if they were in front they would likely bo run over. Save somo of your sympathy for tho boy who seems to be alliegs and arms and hands and feet He feels as awkward as he looks. That reward of $100,000 would hava gotten Villa without the United States troops. It doesn't take a good joke long to get old; even Bryan isn't as young as he used to be. So far as the records show, none'of the gains of prohibition is duo to the Prohibition party. It is at an awful cost of course, but the European war has silenced the militant English suffragettes. While the Russians managed to take Mush by storm, the fall of that Turk ish town is not likely to restrict the amount of mush still given general circulation in our leading magazines. The phosphorus in wheat is mostly in tho grain which is thrashed out be foro the straw is used for bedding and sold for a money crop. A small pro portion of grain Is fed to the stock, but not tho entire amount raised on any one acre is ever returned in tho manure, A large proportion of the phosphorus fed is taken off from the the farm in the bones of the animals sold or in tho milk sold, so'.tfmt if all of the wheat raised on an acre of land should be fed to the stock and all of the manure returned to tho same acre, this land would continue to grow poorer in phosphorus. If tho aero re quires phosphorus how can the ap plication of manure supply It and thus permanently bujjd up th? COU T-f?Ti4 nrmcr.