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Tb< L a b o r Proa« should appeal to advertisers aa a m edium fo r getting business because i t bears B distinction n o t had by o th e r papers, in th a t i t is tbo jo u rn a l „f a class in an o rg an ised c a pacity—the w a g e -e a rn e rs — w ith o u t whose expen ditures tb e ro w ou ld be a m arked decrease in a ll busi ness. M e rc h a n ts , w hen fix in g a p propriations fo r a d v e r t i s i n g , thuuld rem em b er th e L a b o r Proas. N o th in g c o n trib u te s m o re to tbo u pb u ild in g o f a prosperous co m m u n ity th a n tb o p atro n a g e o f H o m o In d u s trie s an d H o m o M a r chants. M o n e y sent to o u t-o f- to w n m a il-o s u e r bouses nevor comes b ack. Tbo Labor Proas urges its readers to p a tro n is e borne m e r chants, an d especially o u r a d v e r tisers. Formerly The Portland Labor Pre»» Volume XVI. Number 11 Portland, Oregon, Saturday, July 1, 1916 Open Letter To Chamber Of Commerce Members -r i,. C e n tra l L a b o r C o u n c il, m in d f u l o f til.- larg e n u m b ers o f lib e r a l an d b ro a d - , . n.le.l men and w o m en h o ld in g m e m - in th e P o r tla n d C h a m b e r o f ' , , ,‘ ree. l.a s fo r o b v lo u a reaso n s d e - la y -ts ca se an d th e cau se It -e iiis b u e fo iu re ir t h e m In d iv id u a lly , sents rath , r th an th ro u g h th e u s u a l o f f ic i a l diannels. T h i- C o u n cil w is h e s to r e g is te r w it h . n vo u r c a p a c ity as a m e m b e r o f (••a m b e r a m ost e m p h a tic p ro te s t , m ti-t the a c tio n o f th e bo ard o f d l- m d e c la r in g by re s o lu tio n fo r Owned and Controlled- by Organized Labor. , d o in g s o m e th in g th a t w o u ld ca u s e th e d is a p p e a ra n c e o f th e b o y c o tt b a n n e r, arid l>ear In m in d f u r t h e r , t h a t a ll b o y c o tt b a n n e rs a r e occasion ed b y e it h e r a I " A l l fo r one an d one f o r a ll." W it h b e lie v e s ’ w o rk e rs * a r ^ b e 'T n a ’ undern a’i d 'o r th is slo gan as a w a tc h w o rd , th e v a rio u s o v e rw o rk e d In te re s ts o f P o r tla n d w e re in v ite d an d t -, j I u rg e d to co m e in to th e new C h a m b e r a t 1 lin e passed an d th e m e a t c u tte r s w e n t ,5ft ,>er y e a r dues, an d th e o f flc a ls o f " W 1* ,* fo L * , *®n - bou,r T h e u n io n one co n ce rn , th e P o r tla n d R a ilw s v **.sk*'d ..th e _ a<Sv,?.e o f th e C e n tr a l L a b o r i w o rk e rs a r e em p lo y e d w it h o u t re fe re n c e to t h e ir m e m b e rs h ip o r n o n -m e m b e rs h ip I In tr a d e unions. W h ile as a m a t t e r o f f a c t it w as fo u n d u p on In v e s tig a tio n • t h a t th ese em p o y e rs <Rd n o t w illin g ly 1 o r k n o w in g ly e m p lo y u n io n m en. (S e e p age S5, R e p o r t o f u . 8. in d u s t r ia l lie - J a tlo n s C o m m itte e R e p o r t.) P ag e 428 Whole Number 856 OUR NATAL DAY ,, (By Lenna litttnan Stahl.) Mother governments, and our bravery 'Ere another issue of the Labor or valor has not suffered by these ; sentat’ives “of* Mnpioye'rs on the co i£ , >*«•«» , shal1 h?*u beJn Pr in t e d . peaceful settlements of disputes. As i m is s io n says " W e f r a n k ly say i f w e shall have celebrated the anniver- a result of this policy America w e re » a g e -e a r n e r s w e w o u ld be union- Sary of the signing of that instru- stands an example to the waning la ts . and us u n io n is ts w e s h o u ld fe e l -e _ C I- H w em ug th e keen r e s p o n s lld lity o f g iv in g tb«»!illcn^ upon the principles o t. which nations of Europe, serene and con- was established— fident, a temple of liberty and peace, T h is generou s a n n llc a tin n f o r by th e O ffic ia ls o f th e B o a rd . C o ln c i- ! s a m e a tte n tio n to o u r tra d e u n ion d u tie s our government b e rs h tp s ” nassed w n h o u t^ n v i m h H e id e n t w lt h ,h la th e r e p r e s e n ta tiv e o f th e l c o'lVTn i - i . . ,he Declaration of Independence. dedicated to the ideals of progress -o m m e n t, h u T w h en ‘ th ™ C e n tra l ' ^ l0^ r"h? / s„o,cln ,0nn0f WP.°^ I s o c la tio iT ’ o c f ,‘.v i O re g o n t l’* In sucyh d ls rs - ° " e hundred and forty years ago and humanity rather than to the C o u n c il the* W n iu r f r iin t r a ♦ inn * . _ oucii m e m b e r o f th e U ou rtl i fr o m th o B u i l d l n i T ra d e s C o u n c il th». o f C o m m e rc e ) a le t t e r s a y in g p u te t h a t it is fo rc e d to h id e b e h in d a new nation was born and out of gospel of selfishness and slaughter E n g lnee*rsr U n io n a n d ^ h e O re g o S “ ^ ^ 'Z Z J ^ ls d lc t lo .. o v e / t h S .. - i a i l e d "open-shop." yo u as I, m e m b e r o f th e c h a m b e r o f , the flaming fire of revolution theie From every home, iron every \'ot m a t a ll p ro p o n e n ts o f th e "o p e n - 6* re s s O<c o in m e n te d **o n <!rth oP’ f a c t i r e m p lo y ™ TlPe B o a r t to o " up h;,, are la b o r -h a te r s , b u t t h a t a ll L a s t y e a r »300,000 an d m o re w a s emerged a republic dedicated to workshop, from every mill and fac- I a t e r s a re p ro p o n e n ts of th e liberty, prosperity and peace, a re- tory, from the fields and ^Forests and v ’“ ««" “o"n t h e “ ta b le ^ u 'n m s p e n t by th e c h a m b e r o f C o m m e rc e, r.-shop" is o u r reaso n f o r w it h d r a w oaffVlcl'a !»y o ? n theP rC h a m b e r '" w e ^ ^ q u o u d T h r e e h u n d re d th o u s a n d d o lla r s o u g h t public offering a haven to the op- ' from the lips of every mother in ing our m em b ersh ip . a s b t d n a w e ll pleased w it h ^ o u r a c tim ? th e 7 co uld s u b m it an a m e n d m e n t to th e to b u ild q u ite an o r g a n iz a tio n . I f i t Is „ - „ cc. a ....... .- u .. Van w ill fin d in e v e r y c it y a C h a m - “ « S o V ,^ ,^ , o V thd1s u^ r x n: to the rham- , to be used f o r th e b e n e fit o f P o r tla n d Pressed people of every other nation. our broad land goes up a voice of 1,ar " f C om m erce, a C e n tr a l L a b o r C o u n - , a n d O rego n, th e In v e s tm e n t is a good Born amidst military scenes, the praise,_ a prayer of thankfulness for ber an d to th e C o u n cil. id ami ot la t e y e a rs , a n E m p lo y e rs ' A « - r e s e n ta tlv e o f u n io n la b o r seek to use If m e r e ly _ to fu n c tio n as an stirring sound of the fife and the the spirit that revolts at thought of T h e a m e n d m e n t e x te n d e d th e ju r is d ic o n » socistion. th e l a t t e r o rg a n iz e d an d m a in th e C h a m b e r f o r th e p ro m o tio n o f the tio n o f th e B o a rd to c o v e r s trik e s , lo c k a u x ilia r y to th e E m p lo y e rs ’ A s s o c ia tio n . But drum, the gathering but strives with t a i n e d fo r th e sole p u rp o s e o f p r o m o t in te r e s ts o f u n io n la b o r as such. , , . - of men to do . war and carnage, ---------------------- -------- o u ts an d b o yco tts , an d th e f u l l B o a rd , I t is not. ing w-nat Its m e m b e rs p le a s e to te r m s c a rc e ly had th e C h a m b e r been f o r m a lly w it h o u t a d is s e n tin g m e m b e r, re c o m T h is c o u n c il w ould be pleased to battle tor their very existence, men : every possible effort to maintain for o rg a n .z e d , t h a n 'd id th e p a id re p re s e n ta m ended th e a d o p tio n o f th e a m e n d m e n t the diH-n-shop" p o lic y . h e a r fr o m you on th is m a tte r , e it h e r who preferred death to further o p -' our people peace, happiness and H The fir s t-m e n tio n e d o r g a n iz a tio n s h a v e t iv e o f th e E m p lo y e rs ’ A s s o c ia tio n w a it b y bo th C h a m b e r an d C o u n c il. T h e o r a lly o r by le tte r . I : p prosperity. B y o rd e r o f C e n tr a l L a b o r C o u n c il o f p r e s s io m . . . r o s p e r it y . , t t lin ed th e d ig n it y o f in s tit u tio n s and upon th e o f f ic ia ls o f th e C h a m b e r and C o u n c il ad o p te d th e a m e n d m e n t a n d th e all hreadinlnded m en an d w o m e n h a v in g h a v e , th e S CUvPPCom m is»aio n ^ s V e?1 And from the efforts of these , We have grown mighty in wealth, eef e tr m " < * " d T r ^ t o r ^ o ‘f T h e ’ c h a m h e ? ZZ P o r tla n d an d v ic in it y . n ? J e c te d It. A s a r e s u lt, th e B o a rd w as t ny co rrect k n o w le d g e o f th e m a d m it t h e n e o n le f o r » E U G E N E E. SM ITH . Pres. patriots has grown a mighty repub- ■ wisdom i,ro h ih H ? n eg ft<hisa c o u n c iin o?n it°,rdi “ o S : i ' ’ o w - 1« ’ «’ “ » “ « ^ « c llia to r . , . and , . - power under the policy E . J. S T A C K , Sec. thThe a n tith e s is o f th e "o p e n -s h o p " • lie. Consecrated to liberty and human of maintaining our National honor Cham ber A ctio n B lam ed . progress by the life blood of those by peace if possible, by war if neces l.olicv is th e " u n io n sh o p ” p o lic y , o r fr o m p ic k e tin g o r p u ttin g on th e s tre e ts * T h e ‘• " t i r e < o a » t '■ n o w a ffe c te d b y a » • a t The en em ies o f u n io n la b o r o r ig in P o m m e l S " * ^ ' P h . ^ h f e patrlotis who made our country a sary. In the hearts o f the fathers ♦ o u T T ll^ v X e lo n g s h o re m e n 's s trik e , an d a s t r ik e o f ally te r m e d th e "closed sh op ," an d th is reality; there has been handed down and sons of this great nation there c h a n g e r iv e r s te a m b o a t m en is on In P o r tla n d tHHtt .- now g e n e r a lly a p p lie d by hhT v u t / o n t h i s m a t t e r tH 1 h ♦ from C A R PEN TER S O F LOCAL H a d n o t y o u r tx)ard o f d ire c to rs la id ♦ generation to generation a love breaths a spirit that ___ will __ prompt ___ w riters and o th e rs in d e s c rib in g th e h is v o te on th is m a tte r . ♦ A rb itration B oard D iscu ssed . do w n th e o rd e r o f th e E m p lo y e r's A s - + N o . 22«. union shop. for justice, humanity, liberty and i them to “fight for our flag, and die i:\e r v t'e n tr a l I j i l s t r i'o u n c lil In th e W h en th is cam e to th e a t te n tio n o f «(»elation o f O reg o n , lo n g ere th is th e ♦ peace which no power on earth can'for our flag when Reason primes ------- I tni. c S ta te s Is c o m m itte d to th e p o lic y th is C o u n c il a c o m m itte e w as p ro v id e d [ J o in t C o n c ilia tio n B o a rd o f th e C h a m - ♦ ,,t tt.e union sh ip. W hy B eca u se e x - to w a it upon th e M a y o r . M a y o r A lb e e her o f C o m m e rc e an d th e C e n tr a l L a b o r ♦ ne'xt regular ♦ overcome. the rifle, when Honor draws ».he Owing to the . - r - t o has pro v ed It f u r t h e r s o rg a n - su g g e s te d th a t re p r e s e n ta tiv e s o f th e C o u n c il w o u ld h a v e g iv e n to th e p u b lic the cradle of liberty, rocked sword, when Justice breathes a blcss- ration o f th e w o rk e rs an d a s a r e s u lt C h a m b e r an d th ia C o u n c il m e e t in h is th e fa c ts in each s trik e . meeting. Tuesday, July 4th, be-* by rrom the hands of the signers of the ing on the standards they uphold." e ita b le i i , ore r .e a r lv e q q u u n am e w a a g g e e s s an an d o b o e t- i- o r f fic r ic e w it u h n h m im m . T i n h i is s w a s a g re e d to. m T h e e lo n g s h o re m e n o r f th is P' p o rt a r e on ing a holiday, there will be no ♦ . Declaration of ot Indepe tsreil co n d itio n s o f e m p o ly m e n t a r e ob - i A t th is c o n fe re n c e I t w a s su g g este d i s t r ik e to fo rc e a p a r it y o f ra te s be Independence, has As to the future, may Wisdom tamed i b y r e p re s e n ta tiv e s o f th is C o u n c il to , tw e e n th is p o rt an d th o s e o f San E r a n - meeting on that date, making ♦ ' grown children imbued with love for point the way. May the God of Chsmbar’s F u n c tio n s A n a ly sed . th e c o n in jitte e fr o m th e C h a tfib e r. th a t cisco an d S e a ttle , o u r c o m p e tite rs . Y o u r next ♦ fellow beings, with sympathy for the Nations hover over us, directing our A c h a m b e r o f C o m m e rc e , a s w e u n - I I f it w is h ed to do s o m e th in g o f re a l an d i C h a m b e r o f C o m m e rc e has been de- ♦ Tuesday. July 11th, the oppressed that welcomes to our fold ler.-tand it, is supposed to fu n c tio n so I la s tin g b e n e fit t h a t th e C h a m b e r jo in ' m a n d ln g th ia . W h a t is Its a n s w e r to ♦ m e e t i n g . On that date the ♦ men of every country who seek an every movement. May peace so pre i, prom ote th e best In te r e s ts o f a w it h us in a m o v e m e n t to fo rm a jo in t 1 th e s tr ik e r s ? T h e "open shop." dominate that the world may beat , min .n ity as su ch, an d It fu n c tio n s ■ hoard t h a t w o u ld h e a r both sid es o f The r iv e r s te a m b o a t m en a r e on ♦ newly elected officers will be ♦ asylum from the woes of the old its swords into plow shares, its I-.-I when th o se in te r e s ts a r e p r o m o t e d ,a n y in d u s tr ia l c o n tro v e rs y an d a t te m p t : s t r ik e f o r a 1 2 -h o u r d a y , an d w h a t is » ihcut In ju s tic e to a n y p a r t ic u la r set I to a d ju s t sam e. A s a r e s u lt such a th e a n s w e r o f th e C h a m b e r o f C o m - ♦ installed. ♦ world. spears into pruning hooks and may • it lass o f In d iv id u a ls in th e c o m m u n -I board w as f i l m e d w it h ju r is d ic t io n o v e r m erce? T h e “ open Bhop.” We have been, above all, a peace- the temple of peace and liberty, the ♦ W. A. WEAVER. Rec. Sec. ♦ m a n y in d u s tr ia l d is p u te " b e tw e e n e m - , T h e fo llo w in g e x p la in s o u r a v e rs io n loving nation. The sagacious d i T h ’s th e P o r tla n d C h a m b e r o f C o m - p lo y e r a n d e m p lo y e ." to th e s e a n s w e rs : T h e th e o ry o f th e ♦ June 27th, 1916. ♦ plomacy of our chosen leaders have, foremost of air nations, be sur merrt as re o rg a n iz e d , p ro m is e d to do. I P le a s e b e ar In m in d th e re p re s e n ta - "open sh o p " (a c c o rd in g to 320. w itn e s s e s mounted by the unsullied, respected It adopted and s t ill r e ta in s a s a s lo g a n : I fiv e s o f th e C h a m b e r w e r e in te n t on i re p r e s e n tin g e m p lo y e rs ) Is t h a t th e ♦ time and again, averted war with and loved Stars and Stripes. l LAND AND LOAN LAW PETITIONS ARE FILED the others were drunk. When ¡could, make working for himself. cause in this country there are now they want it to be cheap. It is a You’ll have a chance to vote for the People’s Land •'cause the. drunks signed the pledge and But he did not get all the benefit. more men than jobs scheme. And it works. und Loan Law. It will be on the ballot next November. ' went back to work, then the number Not by any means. When enough “Very well, you may say, but what beautiful When you look at your pay en of sober men competing for jobs Bill Joneses and Tom Smiths had are we going to do about it? I can velope, you know it works. Secretary Stack, of the State Federation of Labor, would be so increased that wages . followed his example, there was a give you my notion of what we “Now. let’s beat them at their own took the huge bundle of signed petitions to Salem yester would fall. scarcity of labor in Boston and i ought to do. I said a moment ago Baltimore. Every worker there was that practically all of this free land game. Let’s get busy in politics and day and deposited them with the Secretary of State and "This suggestion is absurd of benefited. Wages went up. The is gone. I didn’t mean that. It work for a reformation in our tax but it is none the less logical. the final chaper of the campaign to place the law on the course, workers that remained automatically i hasn’t gone away. It is still here. laws. We have a rule by which to There is a way however by which proceed. A tax discourages the the ration between men and jobs reAived this benefit without effort ' But it isn’t free. ballot was completed. thing taxed. Let us then tax every on their part. may be permanently changed; by “The most valuable part o f it— The law requires 21,136 names and the petitions which the wages of all men may be “The departure o f enough Bill that which lies in the cities—is thing we don’t want, and untax and Tom Smiths did the I largely owned by the Astors. the everything we do want. That’s filed contain over 25,000 names, so there is no question increased. And under such circum Joneses trick for all. It created a condition ! McCormicks, and others of their ilk. simple, isn’t it? Now first of all. stances every one could be free about the measure getting on the ballot. we don’t want land held out of use from the fear that his increase was in the cities wherein there were Look about in your own town or for speculative purposes. That hurts more jobs <han men. It auto city. You will soon discover that Now then there is an opportunity for every man and I at another's expense. . all of us. Jh e workers have to pay matically established a minimum a relatively small number own all I the drones for every speculative ad “This way had a try out in this woman in Oregon who believes in the principles involved ■ | country. It is responsible for the wage. That m in im u m — for all ' the land. Then in country districts vance in land values. So let’s tax workers—was the amount any aver in the bill to get busy and help to make votes for it. there are the Scullys in Illinois and land speculation. But how? Simply fact that wages as a rule have been higher here than elsewhere. Let me age man could make for himself on Nebraska that own vast tracts. by placing a big tax on the value of You won’t have to worry about the Chamber of Com 1 tell the hitherto unused land in our na There are Miller and Lux in Cali- you about it. land—not the acreage, hut the value, merce passing “ open shop” resolutions if you will enact “When i fornia who own whole counties. mind our country became a na tional back yard. you—regardless of whether or There are the Farwells in Texas j "Alexander Hamilton saw ail this tion it consisted of thirteen colonies not the land is used. it into law. scattered along the Atlantic sea and tried to head it off. He tried i who received three million acres for "Then the man who uses his land It has been submitted for criticism to some of the board. Back of these colonies to have a law passed whereby the : building a state capitol. will not be hurt. But the man who national domain would not he sold stretching out for three thousand “Now most of this land is held out foremost students of economics in the country and it has to the Pacific, was a vast “back i except in such large tracts that no I of use for speculative purposes, holds his land out of use, or who been declared that its adoption would be the greatest step miles yard” of fertile and unused land. one but the rich could buy. For i More than half of the laud in every only partially uses it will be soaked. If Bill Jones or Tom Smith, working tunately he didn’t succeed. And be- town and city is so held. It is the And he’s the man we’re after. that has ever been taken toward the abolition of involun in a factory in Boston or Baltimore , cause he didn’t succeed, the wages same way in the country. Although “The beautiful thing about it is tary unemployment. or elsewhere, became dissatisfied of American labor were fixed—so the land is not used, you can not that when land values are taxed the with his job it was a simple thing long as free land was available—at get it. At least you can not get it landlord can not add the tax to his It proposes to take the speculative value out of the for hint to leave and take up a what average ability could produce on terms you can accept. The land rent. The law of competition pre land and make it possible for the man without a job, or quarter section or whatever he could employing itself in agriculture. lords, otherwise called groundhogs, vents that. Roughly speaking, the of this unused “back yard.” "That fiee land is now all, or are too wise to permit anything of rent of any site is its desirability the man with a job and who is dissatisfied with his boss work doing this he took himself out practically all gone. There is no the kind. measured by the competition of or working conditions, to own his job by obtaining at the of “By competition with the workers of further outlet for surplus labor. If "They want to live without work. those who want if. Boston and Baltimore. He became it were not for labor unions', and : They want to get big rentals for actual value a sufficient amount of land to enable him to the Now if by taxation we soaked employer of his own labor. It other s i m i l a r influences, wages I the land they permit to be used, and land speculators so hard that they make a living for himself and family. was a cinch that he would not go would soon fall to the European ¡then to live on the income. When could no longer hold their land out It further provides, that under certain conditions and back to his old job for less than he level. They would thus fall be I they have occasion to employ labor. of use, they would have to bring it ¡into use or let some one have it who restrictions a man may borrow from the state certain would. That would increase the specified sums of money to enable him to improve the number of available sites. And any H E L P H IM TO G E T O UT such increase in sites without a cor- ¡and upon which he locates. This feature is a real rural, -responding increase in the number credits plan and should have the support of those wtoj of people who want them, inevitably reduces rents. And reduced rents have been howling for rural credits. mean cheaper land. An active campaign for the adoption of the measure “So, all we have to do is to make will be waged from now until the polls close on election the tax on land values high enough, and all sites would then be available flay. Arrangements have been made to send speakers! Since the state of Texas has enough over the state to arouse the voters and to induce them to land to support the present popula tion of the world, think what it study the bill carefully before casting their vote. Those would mean if land speculation were charged with the responsibility of enacting the measure .abolished in this way. intii law feel that it will only be necessary to get the people "Good land would then be almost 'f not quite as cheap as Bill Jones to understand the bill and what it seeks to accomplish in i °r lorn Smith found it just after the "l-der to roll up a big majority for it next November. war of the American« Revolution Anyone who wanted land for use The following story entitled, “ How to Boost Wages,” could get it practically without by George A. Briggs in “ The Indiana Forum,” hits the money and without price. All he would have to pay would be the nail squarely on the head: taxes. ' don’t know whether many p e o -[ there are more men than jobs the' Pic have the same feeling about it, tendency of wages is down to the ''«I I do know that every time I lowest amount on which the workers ¡■'•;d serious articles about Efficiency, can live. On the other hand, if there, I Hrift, Sobriety and so forth, they were more jobs than men, then the : ? iv e me the fidgets. I am not op- tendency of competition would be to posed to these things of course, but raise wages to the level of what the , «hat a will-o’-the-wisp it is to ex- worker produces. "I have no fault to find with com- | I'vrt any of them to better the con dition of labor. petition. It is simply a natural law. '■> all men doubled their ef- In itself it is neither good nor bad. iicietiey then the work of the Its goodness or badness depends on «'orhl could he dona by half the the way society adjus’s itself to it. i number of workers. And they would If there are more jobs than men, d • it for less pay per day than they then competition is good. If there non KPt That conclusion to- me are more men than jobs it is had. 'ernis inevitable. The real question then is not what If through thrift and economy we shall do about competition, but People lived on half as much as h >w we may create a condition rl’fy do now. then wages would he where the existing ratio between i > errcspondingly reduced. What else men and jobs will be reversed. cr|uld happen in a world where, due "This can be done in many ways, 'o artificial conditions, there are hut only one of them seems practi- ' always more men than there are cable. One impractical way would ' :'d>« The law of competition is be to encourage drunkenness. If I «ritten as deeply in the economical enough workers were incapacitated ' " nstitution of things as is the law hv drink the sober ones would get ’’ gravitation in physics. better wages. This would not be ' Practically it means that when because they were sober, hut he- ! "Now of course all men are not farmers. All men would not want to go onto farms. They wouldn't have to do so to get the benefit of this fundamental reform. If a very small percentage of men did so then by taking themselves out of the labor market, they would so change the ratio between men and jobs that the wages of all men everywhere would he raised automatically by the com petition of jobs for men. I he man who operates a lathe at the gear works would benefit no les- than the man who actually left the city and went onto a farm of hi- own. "Just as gravity pulls a rock down the mountain side, while at the same fop»' it pushes a balloon into the skies, so also competition will de press or elevate wages according to ratio between men and jobs And by a stiff tax on land values this ratio may he reversed so as to increase the wages of al, men every where. "1 m for it. Are you?"