Siletz news /, February 01, 2011, Page 11, Image 11

Courtesy photo from Cecilia Tolentino
Darcy de la Rosa
On behalfof the Diabetes Advisory
Board and CHA staff, you will be
greatly missed. Have a wonderful
time in Florida!
From all of us
2011 American Indian $1 coin honors Wampanoag Indian Treaty with English
From www.usmint.gov/mint_
programs/nativeamerican
The Program
Beginning in 2009, the U.S. Mint
began minting and issuing $1 coins fea­
turing designs celebrating the important
contributions made by Indian Tribes
and individual Native Americans to the
history and development of the United
States. This program was created by the
Native American $1 Coin Act (Public
Law 110-82).
The designs
The obverse (heads side) design
remains the central figure of the “Saca-
gawea” design first produced in 2000 and
contains the inscriptions LIBERTY and
IN GOD WE TRUST. The reverse (tails)
design changes each year to celebrate an
important contribution of Indian Tribes
or individual Native Americans and con­
tains the inscriptions $1 and UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. Like the Presi­
dential $1 Coins, the Native American $1
Coins maintain their distinctive edge and
golden color and feature edge-lettering
of the year, mint mark and E PLURIBUS
UNUM.
Timeline of Events
The U.S. Mint will prepare a timeline
of events and personal contributions for
the program until at least 2016. This time­
line will be used to create candidate de­
signs for consideration. At various stages
in the evaluation process, the U.S. Mint
will consult with the Senate Committee
on Indian Affairs, Congressional Native
American Caucus, National Congress
of American Indians and U.S. Commis­
sion of Fine Arts. The Citizens Coinage
Advisory Committee is responsible for
reviewing proposed themes and designs.
The Department of the Treasury makes
the final selection of designs to be minted
and issued.
Overall $1 coin production
In general, five distinct $1 coins will
be issued each year - four Presidential $ 1
Coins and one Native American $1 Coin.
The United States Mint will continue to
produce Presidential $1 Coins and Na­
tive American $1 Coins so that the total
quantity of $1 coins minted and issued
for circulation is sufficient to meet the
needs of the nation. The law requires that
at least 20 percent of all such $1 coins
The 2009 Native American $1 Coin
minted and issued in any year be Native
reverse features a Native American wom­
American $1 Coins.
Until the conclusion of the Presiden­
tial $1 Coin Program, the Native American
$1 Coins will be issued, to the maximum
extent practicable, in chronological order
of the events or lives of the persons being
featured on the reverse design.
After the completion of the Presiden­
tial $1 Coin Program, the Native Ameri­
can $1 Coin Program will continue. It will
feature designs in any order determined
to be appropriate by the Department of
the Treasury after consultation with the
Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, the
Congressional Native American Caucus,
the National Congress of American Indi­
ans and the Citizens Coinage Advisory
Committee.
an planting seeds in a field of com, beans
and squash. The 2010 Native American
$1 Coin reverse features an image of the
Hiawatha Belt with five arrows bound
together and the additional inscriptions
HAUDENOSAUNEE and GREAT LAW
OF PEACE. The 2011 Native American
$ 1 Coin reverse features the hands of the
Supreme Sachem Ousamequin Massas-
oit and Gov. John Carver, symbolically
offering the ceremonial peace pipe after
the initiation of the first formal written
peace alliance between the Wampanoag
Tribe and the European settlers. The ad­
ditional inscription is WAMPANOAG
TREATY 1621.
Massasoit with ensuring survival of the
Plymouth colony.
From the Declaration of Independence
until 1868, the United States made some
370 treaties with Indian Tribes. Congress
suspended formal treaty-making in 1868
but since then, govemment-to-govemment
relations between the United States and
sovereign Tribes have taken a variety of
other legal forms. Current U.S. policy
2011 Native American $1 Coin
Reverse
2011 Native American $1 Coin
The theme for the 2011 Native
American $1 Coin is “Supreme Sachem
Ousamequin, Massasoit of the Great
Wampanoag Nation, Creates Alliance
with Settlers at Plymouth Bay (1621).”
Its reverse design features hands of the
Supreme Sachem Ousamequin Massasoit
and Gov. John Carver symbolically of­
fering the ceremonial peace pipe after
the initiation of the first formal written
peace alliance between the Wampanoag
Tribe and the European settlers. The de­
sign includes the required inscriptions,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA and
$1, along with the additional inscription
WAMPANOAG TREATY 1621.
Introduction: Diplomacy-Treaties
with Tribal Nations
Within Native American culture, the
ability to make peace was historically
as highly prized as leadership in war
and often conducted by a separate peace
chief, who stepped in when the time for
the warriors had passed. For centuries,
Tribes created alliances with each other
that spanned hundreds of miles. One of
the first treaties for a mutual alliance with
settlers in what became the United States
of America occurred between the Puritan
settlers at Plymouth and the Massasoit
of the Pokanoket Wampanoag in 1621.
Historians credit the alliance with the
states that federal relations with recognized
Tribes are conducted on a govemment-to-
govemment basis.
Contribution: Supreme Sachem
Ousamequin, Massasoit of the
Great Wampanoag Nation, creates
alliance with settlers at
Plymouth Bay (1621)
In the spring of 1621, Ousamequin,
the Massasoit (a title meaning head chief)
of the Wampanoag Indians, made a formal
treaty with the English who settled at
Patuxet (in what is now Plymouth, Mass.).
The document might well be the first writ­
ten treaty between an indigenous people
and European settlers in what is now the
United States. It consisted of six provi­
sions, recorded in William Bradford’s
“History of Plimoth Plantation.”
Massasoit promised to defend the
Plymouth settlers against hostile Tribes
in return for their intervention if his
people were attacked. His intermediaries
-Tisquantum, Samoset and Hobbamack -
gave the settlers invaluable tips on survival.
The Plymouth settlers honored the treaty
later that summer by coming to Massa-
soit’s rescue when they thought he had
been captured by enemies. In mid-October
1621, Massasoit and 90 of his Tribesmen
celebrated a harvest feast at Plymouth
for three days (a traditional English folk
celebration). The 1621 feast inspired the
legend of the first Thanksgiving, as it
was called 220 years later. The treaty at
Patuxet lasted more than 50 years.
February 2011
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