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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 1, 1880)
a6a THE WEST SHORE. October, 1880. A LONO INLAND TItOUT FARM. W are Interested to learn from Km Urn papen of the mooom of a fish-farming sntsr prise o Long Island, which has Wn dsvoloped by 00. W. TbomMoo, who it an old Califor olan, tad daring ths Utter pert of his lUy lo Ihif HUU wss a resident of ltrouklya township la Alameda ooauty. What Mr. Thompson has don at tb Kaat msy servt as a bint fur aimiUr enterprise to torn of hi old friends who still rwnain here, fur California bat many sites wall adapted fur auob work. We shall take from tha aoeoanta at hand auma Interesting ara graphs i tang Ialand la Botad for ita trout farm a, and many of tham bar attainad a Just oalabrity. Mini of tbaaa trout preserves ara litualed naar tlia oantar of tha ialand or at ita waatatn and, tha only one oo the eaat and baing tha Nuyao troat farm. Ibis farm la ownad br Mr. (ieo. W. Tbompaon, who oaina to Noyau from Nan Kraaotaoo about all yeari ago, lisfore Mr. Thompson'! purohaaa of tha tract of land now omuristog the trout farm it was a parfaot wilderness of aodarbnuh and trass, Thara ara now 40 springs npoa tbs pleos from which tha various ponds ara eoppliad, but whan tha rjroa at protirislor entered upon tha land a small brook, leading into a pood that supplied Ihs motifs powsr lo an old grist mill, was lha ouly water woree, raariniKu tiii rout. Tha Brat, thing tha saw proprietor Mt alnut uuwg was w oiear ma laou of uuderhruili, thin out tha trass and oouvert tha brouk into a sarisa of ponds suitabla fur trout propagation. 1ba poo ill wars dug by hand in auoh a manner as to give a plaasmg vanaty of outlines, and greasa in soon a way as to allow lbs stream aa easy fall from oas reservoir to tha other. There are SO of tbaaa poads altogether, ranging in siae from IB to 20 Ik in length lo aa silent of three or four sores. They ara snrWd by wide eereeea la oraer so aeep ui itinerant growths ol nmi span. 1 ne water tease IU oouree through lit MlMl MIImImJ - L . . L - - I , .. . wpua wis piece, var rocks and pebbly bottoms, and ia tha shadow of tree and bushes) thus making the preserve as muoh liks tha natural baunla of tha Hen es poeeilMet la Ibe ulani whan IV.. I.. f.n: they would aooa oorer up and sully the water n ew iw s ingenious ooninaaoa which air. Taompsoa invented to remedy such a state a( affaire, from one pood to tha other there la a slight fall of. perhape, a foot or mora, and lha now of the water oauaas the learea lo olusUr about the dividing soreeoa. Where the lea res gainer thickest a Urge wire fly-wheel ia placed, turned by tha atresia itself, which sucks in all the light debris aad throws it up oa the bank oa each side, la this way a perfectly dear water scares Is always InaundL To obtain a larger apply of water for hatching. Bursary aad other purposes, ths 40 springs, previously mentioned, ware dug, aad thus la Ihs dnest times of sum mer there la aa leer of dearth of water. Afer aleartng his laad and Risking ths neoee wry reservoirs lot his neb, Mr. Taomisoa oom eaeaeed raising trout tor market. It requires great familiarity with tha habits of trout to be etsctly at what time the female TT. " IT5! " ' ' requires suual hill aad Judgment to treat lha (Uh ia such a way thai they will eiperwao. uo ill effecta after ths spawn It taksa from them. asTBuiaa mi srsws, When the Swiag aeasoa arrive theeipe riewced ere eea easily detect when the exr. of ha female kraal hare reached maturity. Ths ah ara oaajht la a light Bet aad put lata tula (leer waver. I'aaa purposely mads for tha iwwptiea sf agga are thea placed ia readwass, aad laefaeeeU treat ara reltered of the epewa la taw toUewiag atsaaer: The Bsh ia held Beer ths hsad with tha loft band, and ths right is oissped aioutul the body just above lbs eUlomuu. Than with a gentle downward movement of the right hand ths eggs are forced from the trout into tlis pan, lha male trout is then treated in tha same manner, contributing a milky fluid, which it dropped into ths same pan with the spawn and oauaes focundstion. The liah, both mala and female, are much exhausted after this operation and unless placed where they cannot be molnatod they ara apt to become sickly and die. They are usually out in a separate pond until fully recovered, when they are allowed to mingls with other hah o( their own sihj, HATCH I NO Till tiHlH. Ths hstohiog trough is a long narrow box divided into oompsrtrncnts, into which the eggs are placed sooording to their different stages of msturity. Ths sides of the trough ara charred to Drevent the irrnwth of funii. as anv iniiniritv is deadly to the life germ of the eggs. Water from a large reservoir is kept continually run ning through the hatching trough, and so great is ths need of keeping it clesr of all impurity or any kind of sediment that before entering tha hatching boxes it is forced through seven lilters of llnest flannel. The time of incubation vanna from a few days to much lomrer terms. aooordiug to ths character of ths season and the various stages o maturity of the eggs. When ths tiih are batched thev ara minute oreatures with a curious little traniiarent io attached to tha stumsch. Ths sso disappears tue inn inomuee in sue, sonic theorists attri buting their disappearance to the fact that they furnish sustenance to ths young lUh, snd are gradually absorbed until they are capable of feeding thsmielvea. Whan ths young trout roach this stage they are taken from the natohing trough and placed in what are called nurseries, which ara simply a series of Urge wooden oompertmenta with latticed covert to protect ths voung trout from their enemies of ths air and Bold. These oompsrtments are sep arated by wire screens, and through them all nows a snaiiow stream Irora the reservoir up ths brook. Ths nurseries are onnatantlv mil with voung trout, the various sins being kept in dilfsrent oompartments. This is a very neo- sssary precaution, lor trout are cannibals, and unless great oara ia taken to keep the largor Hah from the smaller the latter would toon be do-Iroyed. As ths trout grow they are removed to Isrger tain a sias of two and a half or three inches, whsa they are again sorted and plaood in ths soartMi and rasmnu tiii tkoct. The nmoesa nf sir-tin it IVia te..a '.- ia t uurauoo. As toon as a trout outitmara Uxm I p , . , iunius ns is caugnt ia a net and tihvutft in ...:..n " . . . r - uiMiiie onmiiany; for if Imtl uii. ik. it . V' .. . .... .,. wmK(r ,llh hs would S.KW dispUy hit cannibalistic prtipen aitiea. Thia of ...i. i ' . - , - i -it'1" wuiy o tne ."TT 2' '. "ret pound troit Would um. ouwouragiog work to try and dmialuh a two iun.l h-.iT... n l . randyatuia a weight over thie. pounds, though M.r: r:" ? W spwimen. are JpUoLT Ut "it" ur: -.i Ti L l ' K""MU oi minnows and oilier email Kh n.i.uK ,1.. . : i . Up, i. wrnurlor" urena lnTf "r W ' , L. v v V "e irout letch ail! STT h J r Ume at the MiddUM hospital, fern), p.ll(HlU ;h" l'?"'.?"?'?''.-" " -ck headachV TidsatlToia han.liir. .l """acne, wlWr,"la'" d0M? .ti0Ur, of a oay, ftetweaa the THE WHEAT CROP OF 1880. For tha purpose of informing our readers of the current estimates of the wheat crop in thit country and Europe we quote from a circular issued September lit by Henry Clewt & Co., of New York, who are bankers and interested in wheat only in its possibles effeote upon the sccuritios in which they deal. We have no meant of knowing whether the estimates are oorrect or not, except in the warranty of the (Irm publishing them, We quote: A fair balancing of estimate! warrants the conclusion that the wheat crop of the whole country will afford an increase of 35 to 40 mil lion bushels over that of 1879. What the orop of other countries may be is best indicated by the estimates presented at the great Vienna Inter national fair, whose annual reports are acoepted as authority the world over, and which have just come into our hands. The following are the estimates of that body of the wheat orop of the several oountries; 100 being regarded at representing an average crop, and the approxi mations to that standard being expressed by the percentages specified. Percent.! Per Cent. Holland loo 100 (Irest Britain a Ireland. IM w, missis. . ml . 116 . 100 . 100 . lift . 9ft Esthonia 75 Uourland Poland Pndnlla Central Government. , Southern Bessarabia lOOHoumania.. X0 106 120 110 100 110 126 100 7i 10a 7S 100 Uemisny, rniHis Hftxony Bavaria Franconla and Huabla. Hotilhero Bavaria Palatinate IU.I011 Wurtemlmrg HocklentMrg . luvnuuma Hweden and Norway.... 100 8ervla. Italy, Upper 1S Hungry " ""trml inncslellhe , ' Southern llftAuatro-Hunirary.. ."ypt r...: IIIDI The estimates for llutsia are very low, and indicate a onmnlau (.;!.. i u.il u L . , - u, uubu vue wneat and rye oropt. Jjut the fair 'a estimates for last years orop were even lower than these; and yet Kusaia hu made a considerable export of wheat within the last 12 months. Thete re- ... ., aaaeu as a whole, mast be regarded at imulvinir an ivin. , . . . " . ur ne wnoie 01 Kurope; and an average orop in Europe mutt cause the consumptive demand upon theUnited State, to fall very materially below that of the uk. ,ir5Bsr,s.. n.l !.. ," ."F -ueir uepietea stocks tlt t ?" 'Peou't"'. be carried over to "w jwaaa Ulllll V. ar tnaif f. f unoerUin aaWl. -fu m . irud u ti7MZaT:" 1! Ilkelv to ,ln,l ' I.r. i " . , . - on upon the prioe low, andPth. tli. event f 7 'V7 .Wether. ,n ..i 1 l r ,ur wnat, the railroads fraiit h"-10 rk4 Uh oonoewiontn .rt'KhLd; w o'tlo, to in U ouk of Sit-H'VItn Ajiee. .-. m ' K Z &" amended hl very goc-a Md 1 h" free'le i horai, and it isTul 7 T'y ,m ' olton of that borax ilLlf it ouiL1.' f m" P800 tire. 1 T,l . " 1uu flioient as a preserve. S2. two. .'nd 10 S uiryli,Wt,d lift SertVbW i eompletelv iek.ii P" rax diaaolred K'ThuLSi O0.noof glycerin and of wawr, foVmo.tW.3Wr fluid for ocoU More LT?" Prationt should be mounUJ I- ?x. PJ tioa dUuted withfivrClf" P "ountW with thoVE- v.Pd