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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (June 1, 1880)
June, 1880. THE WEST SHORE. 169 THE HAMPSHIRE DOWNS. We give on this page a portrait of a handsome ram of the Hampshire family of Downs. The Hampshire sheep are excellent illustrations of what oan be aooomplished by skillful brooding for a certain style of animal. The HampsMrei were brought out upon the idea of more meat in a shorter period of time the same which originated the Leicester by admirers of the Southdown style, who saw in the size and the early maturity of the Wiltshire horned sheep and the Berkshire Nott, qualities forming an admirable foundation for a breed upon which the fine form and superior quality of flesh of tho Down could be ingrafted. It is worthy of no tice that a breed which has long displaced the original Sussex Down and other breeds in Berk shire, Hants, Wilts and Dorset, lias boon made WHERE DOES COAL OIL COME FROM ! This is oue of tho questious that has long agitated the scientific world, and upon the answer to it more depends than soems to at first sight. If we know its source we can fairly determine as to the nature and extent of the supplies, and as to where to look for them. The Sttmftfc Amrrieita says: Some have thought that the oils have been produced by a slow dis tillation during tho process of coal formation. A fatal objection, however, to this theory is found in the fact that (Ireat Britain, which has immense coal beds, contains nothing of the kind, though supposed traces have boon fouud here and there. The silurian ami devuniau rocks, which con tain the souroes of most of thu oil wolls now in existence, have groat quantities of fossil remains, and this has suggested tho theory that the oils have resulted from their decomposition. The subjoot is one wall worthy the attention of all interested in oil wells. Nkw Mrruou or Conhiminu Smoke. It la well known that the eauae of sinoke ia that the fresh air, eutering the incandescent coal from below through the grate, has often all lta oxy gon COUSUIIIVU IMOulu ll It pMOU UhU WAj through the layer of coal, so that the upper part of the layer cauuot burn, but ia simply heated by the underlying incandescent coal, while the products of the combustion of the lower layer of burning ooal pass through tho upper heated but not burning layer, andcarry with them the combuatihlo gases evolved by the heat, but which cannot take lire from tho want of free oxygon. In order to furnish these oombuetibla gases ascending through the upper layer of ooal with thu necessary oxygen to burn, Mr. Itenja inin F. Sherman, of Ballaton, Spa., N. V., has devised a means of introducing iir in the furnace with a downward injection upon the lire by a KAM OF TIIK II AM I'SIM IE I' FAMILY OF DOWNS HIIKKI. what it ia, in the hands of skillful breeders, by the blood of the linest specimens of the race which they now dominate in all that section. . . . - 1 1. r 4k.. ;..!. .uri This change is a naiurai lews of the commons, the introduction of artihcial manures, and the production of such crops as turnips, rape, vetches, tnfolium, rye and Italian rye-grass. Thu is one of the fact with which the history of British sheep-husbandry teems, illustrating the necessity of change in breeds, with changed conditions of production or con sumption. It is estimated that tho weight, both of mutton and wool, has boon iMMMdUj that region SOI The statistics of lii.WiO Ham natures for three successive yesrs showed the average yield of lambs to be VI, the mor tality of ewes 5j;, and of tags 3 per annum. The wool is of line quality, but abort staple, averaging 4J pounds per fleooe. Erricr or Wateh Prbwubi The pressure of water on the main reservoir pipe in Lsnsing burg, N. Y., was recently ao great that it forced off the main valrs, which wsighsd s ton. snd threw it 80 ft The wstsr that followed rose 150 ft, strtck the embankment of the Troy A Boston railroad, and washed away 25 ft I'rof. Mondeljelf thinks that 011 tho llrst formation of tho earth vast reservoirs of in organic iron and carbon existed 111 the interior of tho gloln). These wore reached by the water ,.n,l, miim ,,n the newlv formed Isml ami iwr dilating beneath its surfsce. The boat doooin- Ksed the water into lta component ru, oxy gon and hydrogen, the llrst funning with the iron oxide of iron, tho latter with the oarlxm petroleum and other hydro-carbons. If this theory lie the correct one, more sun ns the center of the earth reservoirs of petroleum ,1. .t am tn th OflUrOOS OS Vet kllOWII SS tllO ocean is to tho spring, whoee waters dually find a resting place 111 lis bosom. Dr. T. Starry Hunt, of Massachusetts, pro iMmnded in I Hill s theory to which he still adheres, lis thinks that many of the animated beings of ssrly sges were hslf vegetable, half animal, and that the decomposition of their 1. ...... nrn.liira.1 whit im known as mineral oil. ( 'crtain magnetio oliferous limrstones bavs bssa found to coutain ot Uieirbuu 01 powoioum. A equare mils of these .15 ft. thick wouhl yield nearly N.UOO.OUU barrels, and as tho area of these rooks is very great, thsy may oootain supplies oalculatsd to last an lndsllnits psnod of time. vertically sdjustehlo ai rangsmsut uf pipes, which may lie placed close to ths coals or fur ther from them, according to ths requirement of ths pass. Laihuiiinu A BsUDM In ooostniating a railroad bridge over the river Han so, st Diuard, In franco, the enginssr decided to build the bridge on the shore slid launch II ovsr the river. Tho bridge woighnd, whsn II wss coni ,,, t, n IKSI.IUKI Kiunds, IU hlghl abovs Iks river wss 100 ft., and tho span .111 ft Twslvs windlssses were usel to drsw ths bridgs Into its place. It was supposed that four or Hvs days would ba sufficient for the work, but, in consrquonos of ths breaking of a chain, Iwo weeks wars rsqsirsd. "llossii.ATM,"-A new industry Is rspnrted to bs gruwing up in Newark, N. J., which which yislds s product sella bis for groat many purposes. "HonallaU" is ths name glvsn to this substance, which II is olaimod, will take tho pleco ol iv.ry, rutihor, " dlulonl end similar matoriala. It is said to bs eompossd ehistly of llnsly ground Imne, agglutinated by some os menting oompouiul, whieb, whsa m its plastic stats, can bs molded into shsps.