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About The Polk County post. (Independence, Or.) 1918-19?? | View Entire Issue (Oct. 17, 1919)
Ü NÉ “FLU” EPIDEMIC WILL BE MILDER through Inhalation, It must be rrm riv bered that there are many other paths by which such genus are transmitted from person to person. Soiled hands, common drinking cups, Improperly cleuned eating and drinking utensils In restaurants, soda fountains, etc., »H er towels, infected food—these are | only n few of the common vehicles anil slightest In point of mortal of germ transmission. The use of face If There Is Recurrence It Will Not first ity occurring in June und July, the masks appears to muke people neglect second and most severe in November, these other paths of infection, and so Be as Severe as the third In February and March. the use of face masks has not been Last Winter. I>ata, which need not be cited here In attended with the success predicted detail, indicate that the course of the I for them. If we would be more suc epidemic In western Europe generally cessful In combating lnllucnzu great similar. In the United States the er attention must be puld to the fac POSITIVE PREVENTIVE was epidemic developed more largely in tors Just enumerated. a single wave during September, Oc The question of most practical and immediate Interest Is the probability P revious Attack B rings Im m u n ity in tober and November. The prevalence of a serious epldem- of recurrence In the near future. Ite- Percentage of Cases— En force Ic of Influenza was first recognized in currences are characteristic of lnflu- m ent of Sanitation and A v o id and around Boston In September of enza epidemics; and the history of.the ance of Personal Contact 1918. Within about two weeks It was last pandemic and previous ones N ecessary Precautions. general In the Atlantic seaboard, de would seem to point to the conclusion veloping a little later among cities fur that this one has sot yet run its full (A u th o rita tiv e Statem ent Issued by ther west, ltural districts were usu course. On the other hand this epi United States P ublic H ealth ally attacked somewhat later than demic has already shown three more Service.) large Interests in the same sections. or less distinct phases and has been In the cities east of the line of the more severe, at least in mortality, than Appalachians the excess mortality the three-year epidemic of 1889-92, Probably, but by-no means cer j from pneumonia and influenza during facts which Justify the hope, though tainly, there will be a recurrence the weeks ended September 14, 1918, not the conclusion, that it has run its of the influenza epidemic this j to March 1, 1919, was approximately course already. year. J 5.6 per 1,000; in cities between the R ecurrence la L ik e ly. Indications are, that should j Rocky mountains nnd the Appalachi It seems probable, however, that we It occur, It will not be as severe ans 4.35; and in those of the Pacific may expect at least local recurrences as the pandemic of the previous Coast 5.55 per 1,000. in the near future, with an Increase winter. Concerning the important question over the normal mortality from pneu City officials, state and city of Immunity conferred by an attack monia for perhaps several years; and boards of health, should be pre of Influenza, the evidence Is not con certainly we should be, as far as pos pared in the event of a recur clusive, but there Is reason to believe sible, prepared to meet them by pre rence. that an attack during the earlier vious organization of forces and meas The fact that a previous at stages of the epidemic confers a con ures for attempted prevention, treat tack brings Immunity In a cer siderable, but not absolute immunity ment, and scientific investigation. tain percentage of case« should in the later outbreaks. There should be no repetition of the allay fear on the part of those Tra n sm itte d b y Contact. extensive suffering and distress which afflicted in the previous epidem In general the pandemic of influenza accompanied last year’s pandemic. ic. ] was largely similar to that of 1889-90 Communities should make plans now Influenza Is spread by direct in its development, first a mild form, for dealing with any recurrence of the and Indirect contact. later on a severe world-wide epidemic. epidemic. The prompt recognition of It is not certain that the germ In the rapidity of its sprend nnd its the early cases and their effective Iso has been isolated, or discovered, high case incidence. It has however lation should be aimed at. In this con and as a consequence there Is been notably different in a much high nection, attention is called to the fact yet no positive preventive, ex er mortality, especially among young that the cases may appear to be Just cept the enforcement of rigid adults. Such evidence as has been ordinary colds. A recent extensive rules of sanitation and the avoid gathered confirms the conclusion pre outbreak of what were regarded as ance of personal contact. viously reached that it is transmitted “summer colds” in Peoria, Illinois, A close relntlon between the directly and indirectly by contact. It proved on investigation to be an ep Influenza pandemic nnd the con nppenrs, probable, however, that the idemic of a mild type of influenza. stantly Increasing pneumonia infection was already widely dissem Experience indicates that these mild mortality rate prior to the fall inated in this country sometime be epidemics are often the starting points of 1918 is recognized. fore a serious epidemic was recog of more severe visitations. Hence ev ery effort should be made to discover It Is now believed that the dis nized. ease was pretty widely dissem Despite the fact thnt there Is still as early as possible nny unusual prev inated throughout the country some uncertainty ns to the nature of alence of “colds.” before it was recognized in its the micro-organism causing pandem For municipalities operating on a epidemic state. This failure to ic Influenza, one thing is certain, that budget bnsis, it is Important that all recognize the early cases appears the disease is communicable from per delay in providing the necessary finan to have been largely due to the son to person. Moreover, Judging cial support to the health authorities fact that every Interest was then from experience in other diseases, it In dealing with a recurrence of the centered on the war. is probable that the germ, whntever epidemic be avoided by setting aside its nature, is carried about not only an emergency epidemic fund. This by those who are ill with influenza, may prove of the greatest value in car Above are the important facts de but by persons who mny be entirely rying out important preventive meas veloped by the United States lienlth well. Everything which Increases per ures In the early days of the epidem service after a careful survey and In sonal contact, therefore, should be re ic, at a time when their beneficial ef vestigation of the influenza pandemic garded as a factor in spreading Influ fect Is greatest. of 1918-1919, carried on in every state enza. The most promising way to deal with • and Important city, nnd even in for Much was heard last winter of the a possible recurrence of the Influenza eign countries. use of face masks. Though the use of epidemic Is, to sum It up in a single No one of the many experts of the sultnbly constructed masks will reduce j word, “Preparedness, And now It service would make a more positive the interchange of respiratory germs ! is the time to prepare. forecast of the all-important question, Will there be a recurrence? All agreed, however, thnt a recurrence was not unlikely, and in the fuce of the known facts, that It would be wise to be pre- ! pared, more with n view of being on the snfft side than actually anticipat ing danger. The following excerpts from the government report are published for the benefit of the public nnd health school will be conducted for officers in the hope that this will serve France Establishes Summer Con the The benefit of students of both sexes to set nt rest the daily publication in servatory in Palace of who have been studying at American the newspapers of statements, which conservatories In winter nnd who de on one hand are calculated to lull the Fontainebleau. sire to perfect their studies in France public Into a sense of false security during summer months. The profes nnd on the other to unduly cause sors will be those of the stnff of the alarm. National Conservatory of Music In Contrary to the. opinion expressed SUGGESTED BY BANDMASTER Paris, and students will be able, frequently during the early weeks of through competition, to get high last yenr’s pandemic by a number of awards equivalent to those observers, the studies of the United School W ill Be Conducted fo r Benefit French at the Paris conservatory. State« public health service indicate o f Students o f Both Sexes W ho given The courses will last three months that the epidemic was not a fresh im H a ve Been S tudying at A m er —July, August and September—nnd portation from abroad, Careful study ican Conservatories. will Include musical composition, har of the mortality statistics of the Uni mony, orchestra lending, counterpoint ted States shows that there were a An American conservatory nnd organ, piano, violin, violin- number of extensive though mild fore of Paris. music soon will be established at cello, fugue, voice harp. Students In runners of the pandemic during the Fontainebleau as the result of the ac those courses nnd may enter competi previous three or four years. The ep tion of the Fontainebleau municipal tion for the Pnrls also grand prize for idemic was generally of a mild type council, which voted a subvention of musical composition. nnd has since been almost forgotten. 100,000 francs for the crention of the petition E v e ry Y e a r. It occasioned, however, a noticeable school. The suggestion was put for The C om for this grand Increase In the recorded death rate ward by Mr. Francis Casadesus, pres prize will competition be held every year nnd only from pneumonia. ident and conductor of the Paris or those pupils who have followed the Rise In M ortality. and the French minister of course In a musical composition nnd In the spring of 1918 there wns an chestra, public instruction aside for have passed rigid tests will be eligible. other sharp rise In the mortality rate the school the Louts has XV set wing of the The trials will Inst six dnys. from pneumonia. In the larger cities national palace of Fontainebleau. of the Atlantic seabonril these Increas will be a summer school and the first It The rules of the Paris conserva tory, which are most severe, will be es occurred during .Tunuary, February session will begin July 1, 1920. and March. In the rest of the coun Mr. Casadesus spent seven months rigorously enforced. The definite ad try, especially the central and west at Chaumont, the American headquar mission to the competition will be ern states, the Increases occurred in ters of the A. E. F., teaching instru given October 2, and the selection of April, a month during which pneumon mentation at the American army competitors will begin on October 5. ia mortality is generally on the decline. bandmasters’ and musicians’ school During thnt time the contestants will This increase wns sufficient to indl- | created by Dr. W alter Damrosch at not be allowed to see or communicate with nny one. They will he rigorous cate a strong departure from the nor- j of General Pershing. ly Isolated and their correspondence mal. The increased mortality rate ex- j the request Suggested by Casadesus. will be opened. tended Into May and In some areas Mr. Casadesus first conceived the The work demanded will be one of longer. This occurrence has. It Is believed, * 1 idea of the school after the American I the following: An allegro for sym- a definite significance In relation to school at Chaumont completed Its i phony, a symphonic poem, a cantata the Influenza epidemic. In the United work. He planned to place the courses for three voices and orchestra, a so States In the swing of 1918, a num of the National Conservatory of nata for violin and piano or for violin- ber of definite W>cn I outbreaks of In Music In Paris at the disposal of the 1 cello and piano. The hearing of the Americans. His friends discouraged ! compositions will be held In the eon- fluenza were, observed: The rise In mortality from pneumon the Idea, on the theory that Paris, j cert hall of the Paris conservatory ia. this very similar type of disease. with all its attractions, wns not the In December. At the end of the henr- In the spring of 1918 is so sudden, so proper place to study music, as the | Ing. which will he open to the pub mnrked nnd so general throughout the temptations to waste time were too lic, the awards will be made. Tuition for the summer school will United States ns to point very clearly many for *udents. to a definite relation. Everything In Following a recent meeting between be $64 a month. The school will be d ic ate that the Increased mortality | Mr. Casadesus and Mr. Fragnnud, sub- able to furnish room and board for from pneumonia In March and April j prefect of Fontainebleau nnd a great 1200 students at from $70 to $75 a of 1918 was the consequence of a be- j lover of music, the historic place was month. An additional 100 students 1 can be accommodated on condition ginning and largely unnoticed epidetn- ' selected. lc of influenza, the beginning In this j The municipal council unanimously 1 that they find their own living ar country of the pandemic which devel- j voted the 100,000 francs, which will rangements. A course In musical hls- be added to by French donations to be i tory will be obligatory, but all other oped in the antumn of that year. In the BrltlSh cities the epidemic expended for proper lodging and | courses may be followed according to choice. manifested three distinct waves—the [ board faculties. MUSIC COURSES FOR AMERICANS NEGRO UPRISING PLANNED Confessions Secured Said to Hare In dicated Conspiracy. Washington, Ga.—One negro was shot to death Sunday night, two others were whipped and five were being held it was said, for lynching by a mob that since daybreak had been scouring the swamps and canebrafces of Lincoln county for Jack Gordon, a negro who shot and killed Red Froman, a deputv sheriff, and wounded a citizen who at tempted to aid the deputy. The negro who was killed and the two who were whipped were said to have made boastful remarks regarding the killing of the deputy sheriff. The five being held were captured near the scene of the killing. Members of the mob said they would be held until Gordon, who was captured and placed in Jail late Sunday, can be taken by the mob to the scene. It is the mob’s announced intention then to lynch all six. More than 1000 persons packed the courthouse square here and demanded that Gordon be turned over to them. VAST AREA OF MARSH U. S. RIGHTS LOST LANDS TORE DRAINED Thousands of Acres in Central Part o f' State Could Be Made Productive of Forage Crops. J IIM E IIT S California Senator Classes Lea gue as Sacrifice. A half million acres of rich meadow lands and idle tule marsh lands lying in central Oregon can be brought into vastly greater productiveness by con FOREIGN CONTROL HIT trol of the water and seeding to more valuable forage crops. The present practice of excessive flooding and in Speaker Declares Opponents of Cove* adequate drainage drowns out the nent Would Save ’America from most valuable native grasses. The big Perila He Foresees. control systems now under construc tion in the Blitzen, Klamath Falls and other reclalmable districts were Portland.—That American interests explained to the American Peat so ciety at its annual meeting at Min and principles were jettisoned at the neapolis September 22-26 by W. L. Paris conference, and that the league Powers, chief of soils. of nations covenant would bind the The lands are found mostly in huge United States to the sacrifice of blood basins of the lake districts of south central Oregon, the depressions having and treasure at the behest of Europe Helena, Ark.—Bands of negroes in been formed by faulting or by dam and Asia, for the protection of terri southern Phillips county, of which this ming of the natural channels by lava torial integrity in which this country city is the seat of government, had flows. They have an elevation of near can have no concern, were charges planned a general slaughter of white 4000 feet, with short growing seasons. made Tuesday night by Hiram W. people in this locality, according to They are watered largely from melting members of the committee of seven snows in the mountains, the annual Johnson, United States senator from appointed by civil authorities with the rainfall being about 12 inches per an California, when he spoke to a large sanction of Governor Charles Brough, num. There is a flood season and a audience at the municipal auditorium. who announced Sunday that confes low water season, which makes arti While the assembly was in no sions made by some of the captured ficial control of water essential to sense an overflow meeting, the great negroes and other information indi most profitable production. cated a widespread plot. Wild flooding has been practiced, hall was filled to capacity. By the Members of the committee said the under which only wild native grasses prolonged cheering which greeted plans of the negroes included an up or useless marsu plants can be pro Senator Johnson, and by the frequent rising in the event certain demands duced in quantity. The Improvements and vociferous applause which punc were not met. call for storage of irrigation water for tuated his assaults upon the league, With October 6 set as the day for distribution in less quantities and and upon the good faith of England the uprising, negro prisoners are said throughout longer intervals, the con and Japan, It was evident that his to have confessed, each member of the struction of levees for holding back audience was gathered for the express organization, at specified places, was flood waters and the opening of drain purpose of approving his attacks, and to pick a bale of cotton by that date, age outlets. This will allow for sub that it represented to a degree the taking the cotton to certain promin stitution of clovers and domestic local forces of opposition to the cove ent land owners, plantation managers grasses with higher yields of more nant. The crowd was quite as dis and merchants and “demand a settle nutritious feeds. ' tinctly against the covenant, as Presi ment.” Peat and silt loams are the chief dent Wilson's somewhat larger audi The confessions, as announced made soil types of the wold meadow coun ence was for It. it appear to the Investigators that try. It is of medium depth and under Declaring that American effort In without further ado following this de laid by a chalky material which Is the great war will have "been all in mand the blacks were to shoot down resting on a medium sandy loam. vain If affairs are turned over to a all whites in sight. A list of 21 names, Areas of deep peat occur In the lower secret conference sitting in Geneva," admitted to represent the men to parts of the marshes near the open to such purpose as to “condemn our whom the demand would be presented, water. Surrounding these areas at posterity under foreign command to is in the hands of the investigating higher altitudes are thin belts of peaty police the world for Europe and committee. loam, the whole frequently being sur Asia," the speaker aroused his audi Killing of these 21, the prisoners rounded by clay or mud flats inter ence to a high pitch of condemnatory said, was to be the signal for all mem enthusiasm. with peaty loam. bers of the organization to attack the spersed dark silt loam of the mea “What he says Is, friends,” said whites. An extensive courier system dow Typical lands is the most desirable soil Senator Johnson, referring to Presi was explained in the evidence provid of the regions and constitutes the val dent Wilson, “that your forces shall ing for messengers known to the ne ley floors of eastern and much be employed, not by you, not by con groes as “Paul Reveres.” These cour of the inter-mountain Oregon districts to the gress, not by the will of the Ameri iers had been duly appointed to ride east. It grows a fairly good quality of can people, but by a congres of for into all parts of the territory, accord wild hay and can be made to produce eign nations sitting In Geneva. Do ing to the testimony, and summon good crops of domestic forage. you want It?” members to arms. "No!” exploded the audience, con Fine sandy loam frequently sur “We’ve just begun” was the pass rounds the silt loam. It is alkali in tinuing word of the uprising, the negroes told character and grows salt grasses and minutes. the demonstration for some the investigators. This password and woods, when not over-flooded. “My friends. It seems to me that the “Paul Revere” couriers were con grease Much of this can be reclaimed by ef sentiment In Portland has been mis fessed to have been employed last fective drainage. represented, somehow,” commended Tuesday night and Wednesday morn the speaker. Sage brush land fringes the sandy ing in summoning blacks to Hoop In opening, Senator Johnson assert loam areas. Where the growth of Spur, 18 miles south of Helena, after ed that opponents of the league cove sage brush is heavy the soil is usually W. A. Adkins, special agent of the nant actuated by a desire to pre well adapted to irrigation, which can Missouri Pacific railroad, had been be made with flood waters held from vent are that "which Imperils the repub killed and Charles Pratt, deputy sher lic.” He pictured America as stand the marsh lands. iff, had been wounded. ing at a crossroad of decision, one Drainage usually precedes irrigation The confessions were taken to ex on these lands. A canal 60 feet wide choice the "tortuous path European plain the rapidity with which armed and 25 miles long has been construct and Asiatic diplomacy and of the blacks were assembled at Hoop Spur ed through Blitzen valley. A canal of the straight and narrow path of other 100 and the neighboring town of Elaine like dimensions has also been run per cent Americanism.” To the end following the incident. The statement the Chewaukan marsh. In the that the latter course be followed, he added that at the time Adkins was through Klamath lake districts the first step pledged his unswerving service, dar killed there were 150 armed negroes in reclamation has been erection of ing the power of the preaa and other in the church at the scene of the shoot- levees to hold back the lake water. Influences to divert the attacks of the lng. Channels also been dug to con league opponents and predicting that Questioned about their supply of duct the have incoming waters direct to in the end America would be spared shotguns, rifles and ammunition, ne the perils he foresees. groes declared they often had been the lake. conflict of opinion regarding Flood waters were pumped out of advised by speakers always to “keep the protected basins In the Klamath the The league of nations. Bald the their racks full.” speaker, Is based in a psychological districts early In the spring, and Ir Fifty thousand pounds of ammuni water pumped on later in the situation of semi-hysteria created by tion were discovered In the branch rigation normal school at Pine Bluff, Ark., ac year. With this artificial control of the war and Is a reflex of the strife cording to a telephone message re moisture large amounts of alkali were overseas. Believing that future peace was the greatest gain that could come ceived here from Mayor Hollis of that removed. city. The institution is a negro school After the water has been removed and having been assured that the would perpetuate peace, he said maintained by the state. This report the tule areas are burnt off before the league peat has become dry enough to burn. that the propaganda for the league and evidence found locally led author This affords some plant food and also fell upon fertile soil. ities here to believe the contemplated reduces the sourness and rawness of uprising was more than of a local na V a n d e rb ilt is D ivorced. ture. possibly planned for the entire the land. The land is then plowed at medium depth, a wide plow drawn by Newport, R. I.—Mrs. Cathleen Netl- south. a caterpillar proving valuable. son Vanderbilt received a divorce from Oats or oats and field peas are Reginald C. Vanderbilt after a hear P eru to In sta ll Leguia. as the first crop to tame the ing by deposition in the superior court Lima, Peru.—President Augusto Le grown before being seeded to meadow here, She received the custody of guia will be proclaimed constitutional soils plants. A permanent meadow mix their 16-year-old daughter Cathleen. president October 12 for a period of ture recommended for the Mr. Vanderbilt did not contest the five years Instead of four, as fixed lands is alslke and timothy. reclaimed This crop case. Mrs. Vanderbilt contended that under the old constitution, he was of about three tons of hay per her husband deserted her in 1912 when ficially informed Sunday by the con yields gressional commission. Dr. Augusto acre gnd provides additional late pas she and her daughter were left in Paris without funds. No claim for Durand, owner of the newspaper La ture. Prensa, who was arrested September One of the greatest opportunities for | money settlem ent was made. 11, charged with conspiracy against 2 Balloonists Missing, Leguia, sailed for Panama as a politi agricultural development in the world is In the Improvement of the ranges of St. Louis, Mo.—Six days have cal refugee. the 11 western states, believes E. L. elapsed since the national champion Washington, D. C. — Although the Potter, professor of animal husbandry ship balloon race started from here war departm ent declared In a state in the Oregon Agricultural college. and no word has been received from ment Tuesday that "the accidents of There are In these states about 750 Captain C. W. Dammann, pilot, and war and the progress of demobiliza million acres of which 20 million are Lieutenant Edward J. Verheyden, aide, tion are at an end,” war-time prohibi In crops, probably 75 million useless of the W ichita Aero club’s entry. The tion cannot yet be lifted. This cannot for agricultural purposes of any kind nine other contestants have reported. be done until after the ratification of and thy rest grazing land. This land The two balloonists were seen last fly the peace treaty, in the opinion of At- supports one head of cattle to each 15 ing low over Lake Michigan Thurs- to 40 acres on the average. torney-Oeneral Palmer. 5 iS fW (Prepared by Oregon Agricultural College)