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About La Grande evening observer. (La Grande, Or.) 1904-1959 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 10, 1945)
I EDITORIAL PAGE La Grande Evening Observer Frank Schiro, Publisher FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 10, 1945 Page Two Our Changing World per mb' PKHIN6 IT OUT To THE GOOSE - 1ick about aTBR'k , iFyJ EVENING OBSERVER'S PROGRESS PROGRAM IRRIGATION Complete the Grande Rohde Valley Irrigation project. LA GRANDE A city of 10,000 Extend the city limits. Protection, Not Possession When President Truman said, at a flag-raising: in Germany, that "there is not a piece of territory that we want out of the war," he apparently was making an impromptu statement. It is doubtful that he had calculated the ef fect his obviously sincere but unpre meditated pronouncement would have. However, his words were inevitably examined with great care as a forecast of future policy. And among those who took a special interest in them were some members of our armed forces in the Pacific. Roy W. Howard reports from the Pacific theater that many men have taken issue with their commander-in-chief in this matter. Mr. Howard finds them disinclined to give up territory won at such cost, almost before the con crete of their new air strips lias hard ened or the paint lias dried on the white crosses above the graves of comrades who gave their lives to wrest these is lands from the Japs. Their attitude is reasonable, and it is not. impossible that Mr. Truman might find it so. The president simply seems to have been repealing Woodrow Wilson's denial of imperialistic inten tions. At the same time he is probably as conscious as anyone that the Wilson statement, though popular and well-intentioned, set a course which contri buted to the failure of enduring peace and the future of this country to be prepared when war returned. We know now that, as the world's greatest power, we must assume great responsibility for preserving peace. Ours and the world's welfare are insep arable. Our responsibility is not fin ished when we join a world league for peace. We must be strong, vigilant and well protected. That involves practical considera tions, including the disposition of the strategic Pacific islands that Japan held before the war. Someone must be given charge of them. And there are several reasons why we should do the job, rath er than an international trusteeship. We have won a claim to those islands through blood and battle. They are vital outposts of our defense, as the early history of the Pacific war unhappily proved. Further, wo have shown in re cent years particularly in the Philip pines hat we are not .Imperialists or "colonists," in the usual sense. We do not suppress or exploit our outlying territories. To protect ourselves and world peace today requires active, widespread watchfulness as well as good intentions. We can stay close to home and be high minded, but not world-minded. Funny Business 11" ' o SO THEY SAY Except whrn a case is pendinq (l avoid influencing a court's decision), nny citincn and any newspaper should have as much freedom to criticize a judge as it has to criticize anyone else. Jacksonville, Fla., Journal. I lielieve that suRar rationing in one form or another will con tinue through l!l4ti and perhaps through 1!M7. Ody It. Lamborn, New York sugar broker. The growth in women's inde iw ndencc, if it is coupled with a like growth in acceptance of re sponsibilities toward the nation's welfare, should make this a better countiy. Gary, lnd., Post-Tribune. "Will you fix these up? i )ur, had my gt tMoni taken my from mot" Reconversion is going slowly. But it is going slowly not becaun of improper pwuai atums, but be cause war production (s haiugcut ktk grsoUially. , J. A. Kruj. chairman, Wsf Pro duction Hoard. $ Washington Merry-Go-Round Side Glahee By DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON Some of the important things really happening at Potsdam but omitted from the communique have now leaked out. Two of them concerned the keeping of allied troops in occupied Europe this win ter, and the intricate problem of setting up democracy in southern Europe. They caused some near cat-and-dog fights . Biggest fight at Potsdam was over the proposal to withdraw allied troops from u large part of occupied Europe before winter. This was quietly put forward by President Truman, but met with cool reception from Churchill. Stalin was even chillier. Truman was referring, not to Germany, but to the various satellite axis countires which never got into the war with any en thusiasm, plus some of the allied countries which never wanted to get into the war at all. . The president pointed out withdrawal of allied troops from the Balkans would clear the atmosphere and improve all-around re lations. (Russian troops are in Rumania, Hungary and Bulgaria, which actively fought on Hitler's side, while British troops are in Greece and to some extent in Jugoslavia, both bitterly fighting Hitler.) Churchill Says No When Truman proposed British troops withdraw completely from Jugoslavia and Greece (the British have as many troops in Greece as the Germans once did), Churchill bluntly said no. , However, Churchill did consent-, after con siderable argument by Truman, to withdraw most American and British troops from Italy during the coming winter. Incidentally, most of the Potsdam agree ment was settled while Winston Churchill was still prime minister of England. For better or worse, it stands as a monument to him. By the time new Prime Minister Attlee arrived, most of the job was finished, and, inasmuch as ho had sat in on the pre ceding talks, he ok'd all that Churchill had done. With one exception Spain. Attlee . caused the declaration against Franco to be strengthened. Bickering over the Balkans also ended in a stalemate. The big three could get no where regarding the axis satellites, except on the non-Balkan country of Finland. In describing the problems confronting the big three, this column reported on July 20, 1945, that Stalin last May proposed allied recognition of Hungary, Bulgaria, Rumania and Finland, but that Truman then was only willing to recognize Finland. The Column also reported that the Amer ican minister in Bulgaria had been held almost a prisoner in his own legation by. soviet troops. At oPtsdam, therefore, Truman proposed they review the situation in Finland, Bul garia, Roumania, et al, and took up Finland first. It was agreed the Finnish situation is satisfactory, a stable government hd been formed;, and Truman promised (to renewi diplomatic relations with Finland soon. Then came the question of Bulgaria. Stal in said a democratic government had been set up, and that democratic elections were to be held in Bulgaria. At this point, Truman pulled a letter from his pocket and said, in effect, "Oh yeah?" The letter was from an Agrarian (peasant party) member of the Bulgarian cabinet, stating that there could be no free elections under the present set-up and no democratic system in Bulgaria. The letter was addressed to the Bulgarian prime minister, the Amer ican minister in Bulgaria, and the allied con trol commissioner. It proved a bombshell. Stalin, taken aback, said no more about Bulgaria. Next day, the Agrarian cabinet member was dropped from the Bulgarian cabinet and the question of holding free elections in Bulgaria went over to the meet ing of foreign ministers to be held in Lon don before Sept. 1. WE, THE WOMEN By RUTH MILLETT The wife of the Pfc. who eats so much he has been dubbed "The Stomach" Isn't worried about how she'll feed him it the army decides it can't cope with a soldier who has been known to eat a light break fast consisting of 40 eggs, 20 pieces of toast, several quarts of milk, eight pieces of ba con, a quart of coffee, and a large box of cereal. How does she propose to cut his appetite down to normal if army psychiatrists fail? They're trying to taper him off gradually. Well, her plan is very simple. She says she will first have a talk with him and show him the family's allotment of ration points. Then she will feed him a good family meal, with emphasis on no seconds. And third she'll show him a price table she has com piled on the increase in the cost of living. She thinks those three steps will curb his unrationed appetite, even if army doctors fail to figure out the cause for it. And she's probably right. Look at the way thousands of other wives have changed the eating hab its of their husbands by the very same three steps. Time was when the average wife catered to all her husband's food whims. If he liked roast beef rare, and could pay for it, that was what he got. If his favorite meal in cluded thick steaks and apple pie it wan served to him at least twice a week. He didn't like those fancy dishes women were always getting out of magazines, where a man couldn't be sure he was eating, so he rarely got such a dish a second time. But times have changed, and now the average man is grateful to have a meal that includes meat two or three times a week. Meekly he accepts all kinds of crazy dishes, that the food writers trot out as mea stretchers. If he gets a tough old round steak for Sunday dinner, he beams, and tells the little woman or she tells him how smart she was to manage it on her points. So judging from the drastic way they have changed their own men's eating habits, wives ought to have confidence in the three point plan the wife of "The Stomach" has advanced as her proposed appetite-killer. But there's still another step, if the first three fail. She can send him to the butcher, ration books in band, and let him stand in line for an hour and then face a near empty meat case, and the aloof attitude of the butcher. That will fix him, sure. Behind Scenes in Washington By PETER EPSON. La Grand Etp tog Obterver Washington Correspondent at least free access to Dairen without naval threat from a Jap held Port Arthur, Russia cannot hope to develop for Siberia the Pa cific commerce she needs badly. Or consid er Manchuria proper with its hundreds of thousands of square miles of the world's richest farming land, its gold, silver, coal, iron, copper, lead, tungsten. The Japs, coop ed up on barren islands want the space, the foodstuffs and the industrial raw ma terials of Manchuria, and have taken them. But Russia for development of Siberia, re quires at the very least free access to those resources, and Russia cannot feel very safe about Siberia as long as Jap armies squat across the Manchurian border, and Jap bat tleships nchor at Port Arthur and the Japs consider Korea as part of their homeland. China, historic owner of alt these areas ex cept Sakhalin, is treated as a mere bystand er in this clash of rival Imperial ambitions. In 1857, Japan had just been opened by Commodore Perry, and the Russians, need ing an isolated location for penal colonies, probably didn't even think of Tokyo when they began colonizing Sakhalin. Japan was strong enough by 1875 so that when Russia decided to take Sakhalin, the czar crossed over domination of the Kurilos and certain Okhotsk and Bering Sea fishing rights as a sop as one gives the baby a toy to stop his crying when he takes away the watch he was playing with. The incident was neg ligible to the czar, but illuminating and annoying to the mikado; so when the Japs whipped China in 1894, they adopted occi dental practice and demanded the Liaotung peninsula, upon which Port Arthur and Dairen are located. The Chinese agreed, but France. Germany and Russia forced Japan to cancel the deal. Four years later, Russia leased the ports from which she had kept Japan in 1900; using the Boxer rebellion as an excuse, she occupied much of Manchuria. She had pre viously obtained Chinese consent to butidjng I li e Chinese Eastern railway, connecting ith her own trans-Siberian line, and in lSi'8 she obtained the privilege of extending this t her tftHsed Pori Arthur by way of Mukden, Manchuria. Japane viewed these eastward excursions with distrust, just as See BEHIND SCENES . . . Page 5 (This article, by S. Burton Heath, NEA staff correspondent, is substituted today for the usual column by Peter Edson.) Russia and Japan have fought only one avowed war. The Japs won that more or less by default. They destroyed the Czar'.-, fleet, and by overwhelming numerical su periority combined with more intelligent leadership, they whipped the Russians con sistently on land. The war of 1004-05 was unpopular in Russia. The average Slav had no conception then of what has become evi dent since that the belligerently ambitious empire rising of fthe coast of China must inevitably clash with Russia's program far the building up of Siberia. The war ended just as the tide might have turned. To win her unbroken chain of victories Japan ex hausted her resources. Attrition would have ruined her if the war had continued. Russia had been handicapped originally by the nec essity of sending troops, weapons and sup plies across the Siberian wastes on a one track railroad. But back home, her man power and materials were relatively inex haustible, and even in the final battles she had achieved almost a parity with the Japs. This was the only time the two great as pirants for domination over the Pacific in dulged in something! resembling declared war, but they have pecked away at each other sporadically, in guerrilla fashion, much of the time for a century, and it has been long apparent that some day one or the other would have to be eliminated from the Pacific picture. A casual glance at any good map of the north Pacific makes it clear why the nationalistic Japs and the ambi tious owners of Siberia should be at almost constant loggerheads. Consider first, the island of Sakhalin. It is the northernmost land in the Japanese archipelago apparently an integral part of the Nipponese main land. But the Japs own only the relatively worthless southern por tion. While Rusisa holds the rich coal and oil lands to the north. Consider next Port Arthur and Dniton on the Kwnotung penin sula in southern Manchuria. They are ice freeorts the year (ftvund. Russia's only im portant Pacific port, Vladivostok is closed by ice part of the year. Unless she can have 1 8- COW. IMS BY NEA SCTVIC1, IWC. T. M. REQ. U. 8. " "Let me lip you off, Charley develop some allergy and you can get out of all kinds of ornery jobs around the house like I did I" O McKENNEY ON BRIDGE By WILLIAM E. McKENNEY : America's Card Authority WHEN IN DOUBT. BID OR DOUBLE OPPONENT Many players feel they have made a big mistake when they double a contract and the oppo nents make it. If the opponents make a doubled contract without A Q 105 VK987 43 10S 2 80 V J Q6542 498653 W E S Dealer 432 VQ652 4 K.I87 Q4 KJ97 V A10 A3 AKJ107 Duplicate Both vul. South West North Ea.it 1 IV 2 2 V 2 3 4 4 Double '.Pass Pass - Pass Opening 8. 11 one-half top honor tricks combin ed with a couple of jacks and tens, and a sure trump trick. Nevertheless he could not defeat the contract. The opening spade lead was won by West with the ace when South' played the king. A small heart was led to the .queen, South won, and attempted to eash the king and ace of clubs. But the second club was ruffed, the ten of hearts picked up, and the diamond ten led. The finesse was taken, South had to win with the ace, and that was his last rf trick. But I still say he had a sound double. O BARBS One place where a man may acquire a vocabulary is at the altar. an overtrick, they gain only from 150 to 170 points. If you defeat them two tricks, the edge is greatly in your favor. Therefore, let me say that if you defeate every contract you double, you are not doubling enough; if you always make your doubled con tracts, you ofre not bidding enough. In today's hand, South certain ly had a very sound double of four hearts, with his four and Judging from the wide open spaces in the meat cases, fewer goats are growing up to be lamb chops. . .".! .W . . The Jap home folks must be amazc-d over what the Americans are doing with a fleet that's been sunk several times. We've solved IVv? juvenile de linquency prdblem. Children n-on't mind parents who. won't i mind children. 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