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About La Grande evening observer. (La Grande, Or.) 1904-1959 | View Entire Issue (July 3, 1945)
Jr EMTORIAE : PAGE La Grande Evening Observer Frank Schiro, Publifiher Page Two Don't Let Him Down , J its in Your haw NOW, BUT DON'T EVER : ' II ( fKOET I WENT THROUGH .. . EVENING OBSERVER'S PROGRESS PROGRAM IRRIGATION Complete the Grande Ronde Valley Irrigation project. LA GRANDE - A city of 10,000 -Extend the city limits. TODAY'S TEXT In all labor there ia profit; but the talk of the lips leiuloth only to penury. Proverbs 15:23. THOUGHT FOR TODAY The least strength suffices to break what is bruised. Ovid. , Presidential Succession While no, quo knows what eventually may be doiie with IYesident Truman's proposed changes in the presidential succession, the fact that lie has pro posed it is serviiijr its constructive pur pose. It is resulting in widespread dis cussions which cannot do other than broaden general knowledge of the work ings of a highly important detail of government something desirable in r.ny democracy. Under present laws, the next in line for the White House, after the vice president, are cabinet members in this order: secretaries of state, treasury nnd war, attorney general, postmaster general, and the secretaries of the navy nnd interior. The departments of agri culture, commerce and labor had not been created at the time the law was enacted. Mr. Truman's idea is that t lie order of succession, after the vice president, should be, first, the speaker of the house of representatives; next, the president pro tempore of the senate, and then the cabinet members in the present order. Actually, under such a plan, the succession probably never would go beyond the speaker. The house almost certainly would lose no lime m Funny Business i fff w&H 3 n&&tei&z&&$8k electing a successor to any speaker who might be elevated to the presidency. It is true that succession to the presi dency never has gone beyond the vice president. But M times during Ameri can history, the secretary of state has been next in line for the While House seven times each due to the death of a president or a vice president. Thus it is a wise precaution to decide whether It is desirable for this condition to continue. One persuasive argument in favor of Mr. Truman's proposal is that such a lino of succession would tend to insure that the new head of government would represent the party in power. ' This, in theory, is desirable in a government which operates under the principle of majority rule. On the other hand, American secre taries of state, taken as a whole, have been men of such outstanding ability and distinction that there is little rea son to suppose that the nation would have suffered under their guidance. Among the '18 who have served in the office were six men who became presi dents. Others in the list included Cor dell Hull, Charles K. Hughes, William Jennings Bryan, Klihu Hoot, James G. Blaine, Daniel Wabster, John C. Cal houn, Henry Clay, John Marshall and John Jay. There is no reason why any secretary of state ever should be of less than presidential quality. However, the decision on this ques tion is in future. Kcgardless of what that decision may be, many Americans likely will know more about their gov ernment than they did before which is all to the good. Ominous Addition The Japs' npprehensiveness m u s t have inreased with the redoubtable General Stilwell's assumption of an ac tive command in their near neighbor hood. They must realize that now the ominous initials V-J stand not onlv for Victory in Japan, but also Vinegar Joe. SO THEY SAY 1 would favor a 30 or 40-hour working week if all llic countries would agree to such a plan and thus eliminate the possibility of unfair competition. Gen. Francisco. Franco, dicta tor of Spain. By keeping his car In safe op orating condition and by driving it with the utmost care, every motorist can help in relieving our serious transportation problem and thereby aid further in the whol.' war effort. President Harry S. Truman. tin matter In w hi eft direction the enemy's next move Is, there will lie innumerable graveyards awaiting him. Kclitorial in "Mainichi," Tokyo newspaper. Washington Merry-Go-Round Side Glances .. Br DREW PEAHSOH WASHINGTON Farm-, lobby chiefs, among the most powerful vin Washington, were put in their place during a hot, behind-the-scenes fight inside the war mobilization advisory board last week over the question of giving the secretary of agriculture super power to regulate food prices. The war mobilization advisory board, chairmaned by North Carolina's former gov ernor, O. Max Gardner, is composed of farm er, business, .labor, and public representa tives. Usually Gardner has reconciled con flicts and recently the board passed a reso lution okaying the extension of OPA for an other year with no crippling amendments. But when the board session opened last week war mobilizer Vinson immediately challenged 1 barren-beaned Ed O'Neal, head of the farm bureau federation, and Albert Goss, head of the National Grange, for go ing counter to the board's resolution and favoring the crippling OPA amendment by which the secretary of agriculture could override OPA prices on food. Ed O'Neal murmured something about not having favored such an amendment, but Judge Vinson immediately challenged him. "Oh, yesjj'you did," he shot back. "You sent a telegram to the hill (Capitol Hill) supporting fhat amendment." "It seems o me," reproved Eric Johnston, president ot the U. S. chamber of commerce, coming to,i Vinson's support, "that if any group represented on this board agrees to a resolution aUoptcd by the board, it should not go out and1 inform congress to the cntrary without coming back and telling us that it has changed, its mind. That is the only fair way of doing things." v Farm Bloc Defeated "We passed a resolution that the economic stabilization act should be continued for one year without any crippling amendments," reminded Nathaniel Dyke, who represents small business on the board, "and then you turn around and urge congress to pass a crip pling amendment." "We didn't propose a crippling amend ment," replied Albert Goss of the Grange, who by this time was getting a little huffy. "We just wanted to see the OPA act was ad- "Ho was a window trimmer!" Small business Is in the most precarious position It ever has been .... I view the future of small business with apprehension inn. K. S. Wherry of Nebraska.. tno i nurlf iiov Ylbnoht s H ministered more efficiently." ' At this, non-farmer members of the board snorted, but kept their tempers. "How would you like to have business go over the head of OPA and set its own prices?" replied Eric Johnston. "Yes, how would you like the U.: S. cham ber of commerce to be able to override OPA when it comes to 'setting business prices?" ' asked Nat Dyke. "And how would ydu like to have Phil Murray over there set wages, regardless of the stabilization act?" That ended the argument. Except, Fred Vinson put the same general thought before congress and finally succeeded in eliminat ing the amendment whereby the secretary of agriculture could put farm prices lh a preferred position. Vinson has done more to cement relations between congress and the executive branch than any other one man, not excluding Jimmy Byrnes. Churchill's "Memoirs" : Friends of the late president who are anxious for Truman to go over big at his forthcoming Big Three talk tell this story about the Yalta and Tehran conferences. Roosevelt, when he returned, told friends how, in discussing different topics with Churchill and Stalin, he would usually make the first presentation of the case. This took three to five minutes. Then Stalin would give his views, which also took three to five minutes. "Then," said Roosevelt, "Churchill would present his memoirs lasting 30 minutes." White House advisers are wondering how Truman can avoid the Churchill "memoirs" when he goes to Berlin. Capital Chaff Maj. D. C. Jernigen, commander of U. S. base post office one at Sutton-Coldfield, England, has been relieved from duty as a result of publicity given to the army's burn ing of packages sent to U. S. killed and miss ing soldiers. ' The packages were burned Instead of being returned to the U. S. A., and according to British papers contained cigaret lighters, canned goods, chocolates, biscuits, cakes and other delicacies in such "staggering quantities" British children car ried many of them home ... , , WE, THE WOMEN Br RUTH MXLLETT The man who said "Never expect grati tude" was talking to and about individuals. But women should realize that the advice also holds good for a class. When the war came women pitched in and took over all of the jobs left empty by men who donned uniforms. They have played an important role, not only in keeping the machineiy of war going, but in keeping civilians fed, clothed, and many a businessman from hav ing to closedown. i; i Early in the war they reaped a lot of praise and got their pictures in the paper for the unusual jobs they were doing and do ing well. They've been well treated during the war and their services have been fought for. But unlss they want to be bitterly disap pointed they had better not expect any grat itude not even from the employers who did the most toJ(coax them to work. As soon as the men are back these women are going to find out once again that the world of business is a man's world. And that few men really believe that women should be given equal breaks when it comes to pay, chances at promotion, responsibility, recognition, etc. tVj..i.v:i '..vi .! There is going to be very little gratitude for the thousands of women who helped to keep the country going in war time once the war is over. If they face that fact now, then they won't be disappointed. There is only one place where women have the say about how things are run or stand on an equal footing with men, and that is in the home. It's still a man's world outside the home as women will discover, when they again start to compete with men for jobs. And all the thanks they can expect for the hel they gave their country during the war is the personal satisfaction it gave them to have a chance to serve. ' Behind Scenes in Washington Bj PJSTER EDSON, La Grand Evanlng Obsamr Washington Correspondent WASHyKJJTON, July 3 When American, British, French and Russian supreme com manders iti the allied control council get to work in Berlin, one of their first concerns will be to found up and wipe out the Ger man general staff. In the declaration of Yalta, it wtib stated that this was one of the primary obectives to insure Germany would never again be able to threaten war. This highly specialized job will consist of settling the fate of what's left of a select corps estimated at 2,200 to 2,500 officers, most of whom are believed to be still alive. In the World War I period, they would ail have come from the old German Junkers class. A few of the top men, the generals in the staff corps, are still hangovers from this old aristocracy, but for the most part, the young men, who might be considered dangerous enough to start World War III, are soldiers who have come up from the ranks. Before any soldier could become an offi cer in the German army of World War II, lie had first to pass a week's psychological examination which was intended to show his fitness as officer material. If he passed, he then spent his first year as a private, his second as il corporal, then eight months in an officers' candidate general service school and six months in the school of the army for which he was best fitted. After this train ing of three years, he was second lieutenant. When he rose to the rank of captain, he could become eligible for the general staff. First, however, he had to pass a competi tive examination which was a stinker. Many candidates failed. If he passed, the young captain went to general staff school in the Institute of Tech nology at Bcrlin-Charlottcnburg. Here his courses vyeic highly specialized. His class, es were small. Tlicre was one instructor de tailed to every 10 men, and this instructor stayed with his charges all through a stiff two vear course, coaching them, cramming them, making out their efficiency reports. Those who passed became members of the select general staff corps, or life, entitled to wear a red stripe down their pants legs and be the envy of all the army. , First assignment of a general staff officer, .hiiueuApjiras with troop... Two out of cv- www ... V ''' ir.il. m. t.m. aw.ii.awT.eff. , . 1 '.powynw vt wa. vi. n "If General Eisenhower could see how these kids behave, he'd send Gorge home instead of keeping him over there to discipline the Germans!" O McKENNEY ON BRIDGE By WM.,E. McKENNEY, America's Card Authority DONT TRY FINESSE IN SPOT LIKE THIS Today's hand, played by Miss Constance 'Little, helped her team tie the winners for the eastern states mixed team-of-tour Q10B7 VQ3 Q 106 J852 MU Little I N . AK9 yj FA 5432 V K J 5 4 ' s A72 A 8 3 h.ol.r 7 2 AKQ I P""" A643 South Pass Pass AJ6 V 100 8 0 4 K J 9 4 10 0 7 West North East . 2 N T Pass 3 N T Pass . Pass Opening 7 championship. Miss Little real ized that she had received a very favorable opening, so she counted hev;tricks. ShMiad three eliibs, one diamond, two hearts and two spades eight, tricks. Therefore', ' Questions & Answer t Q Has helium any other uses than for filling balloons and diri gibles? A Aviation engineers say this lighter-than-air gas saves weight and is satisfactory for inflating huge tire of airliners. Air re quired to fill such tires weighs 180 pounds, as compared with 2(i pounds of helium. she had to bring iVi dno more heart to make her contract. The average player would take the heart finesse, but this is wrong. If the hearts break three and three it is easy to make the con tract, but if they break four and two, you can guard against the queen and one on the left. Miss Little made the correct play when she led the king of hearts and then returned a small heart to the ace. Of course, when North"s queen dropped, it established the jack. O IN FORMER YEARS 30 Years Ago John Walden, deputy game warden, Fire Chief Benham and P. A. Foley drove to Union yes terday to catch some: of the big salmon that are running. i,(Mr. and Mrs. M. B. Donohue: -i are planning to leave soon for San' Francisco and San Diego. On the trip he will attend the .. Elks conclave at Los ingeles. . Mrs. L. M. Hoyt entertained , children of her neighborhood at a i surprise birthday party on the . occasion of the birthday anni versary of her 11-year-old twins, Mildred and Myrtle. cry six years of the staff, officer's life had to be spent in command of troops, and his efficiency rating and advancement, though on promotion lists separate from those of the line officers, were rated on ability to command in the field.- The theory was that if a staff officer could not command, he could not plan for others to command. Actually, the war planning grand strategy was not the work of the entire general staff corps, but of the wehrmachts oberkomman do, a group of not more than one percent of the total. Keitel was the man at the top during most of the war, but towards the end, Guderian, Wenck, Krcbs and Jodl headed this ober kommanrlo. Weak spot in the German general staff set-up, according to U. S. military authori ties, was that it was never able to keep ahead of Hitler. The German general staff ' took Hitler to its bosom when he became political leader of the reich, but thereafter, it was never able to keep him in control. He nAoved into Austria, before the general staff was ready, he moved against France before the general staff was ready for the next logical step, an invasion of England. To find where the once-proud wearers of the red striped pants are now will take some searching. Some arc In Russian, British and French hands. Those taken prisoner by the V. S. arc kept segregated in Germany, can easily be treated as they deserve. What their potential is for making another war is unknown. Some U. S. staff officers consider this potential nil. The war minis try has been bombed to dust, many of its records destroyed. Some moved to Silesia, have been captured, and German industry has been wrecked. The one possibility for a German come back in war will be for sonic other govern ment to create it. That is what happened the last time U. S. loans helped Germany firancc a new start after World War I, and Great Britain and France, sold Germany many of the raw materials they needed. All " three and Russia helped German industry to prepare for a new war. As long as one ' remnant of the German general st.aff corps personnel or spirit ii kept-nhvar free tn' Plan such a conic-back, it rsn M'pif Stfl' f. 1 t. ,(Mi Q What is the value of re verse lend-lease received from Belgium? A The foreign economics ad ministration reports reverse lend lease has been more than four times larger than direct aid re ceived. Figures reported by FEA were $66,500,000 from Belgium as compared with $14,166,000 ex ported to that country. 15 Years Ago Marcus C. Jones, professor of botany at Pomona college in California, is in La Grande do ing research work and also vis iting at the home of Mr, and Mrs. G. C. Headley. Professor Jones is a national authority on botany and is doing considerable re search work in this stptf. Mr. and Mrs. John Stoddard are making a 10-day trip to Yel lowstone national park. Q How many volumes are in the library of congress? , A On July 1, 1S43,' it con tained 6,822,448 volumes and pamphlets, 1,503,819 maps and charts, and 1,641,651 volumes and pieces of music. Q How many peaks of more than 25,000 feet altitude are there in the world? A Seventeen, all in Asia and 14 of them in the Himalayas. 10 Years Ago - Kenneth Flanery, who turned in 230 crows feet during the two weeks of the contest, won first prize of $20 cash in the annual La Grande Gun club predatory bird extermination campaign. Miss Dorothy Mills, Cove, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Mills, is said to be the first girl to win a master's degree in chem istry at Whitman college. Miss Mills has been a student at Whit man for six years, theVlast two years having be-on .spent in part- fj time teaching at tlie college. f This Curious World , A CHINESE STEWARD 1 ON THE TORPEDOED I S.S. BEMLOMOND, WORLDS CHAMPION I AFT SURVIVOR; OF THIS WAR. HE DRIFTED ALONE 3 DAVsS- IN THE ATLAwric BEFO?E RESCUERS PICKED HIM UP. 1. M. REC U. S. PAT. OFF. NorAJA IVOOO alcohcu IS MACK FROM ifVOOO. OOF. 1I4S IV NtA URVtCL MC. "Persons who talk through THtiR NOSES OOHT'Satv BARBARA WELLINSTOrj!, NEXT; Spoiling wild animals. rfZTCi p"V- in 1 p i i, ' t-i i
