La Grande evening observer. (La Grande, Or.) 1904-1959, February 05, 1918, Image 3

Historic Oregon Newspapers

La Grande evening observer., February 05, 1918, Image 3

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Newspaper Page TextLA GRANDE OBSERVER PAGE 'I'll'ii'.'l'j T News From at Home and Abroad (T5y Associiiti' Press) , American Aviator Killed HOUSTON, Texas, Feb. 4. AVyles B. Bradley of .Mt, Vernon, New York, while flying at Ellington Field, was burned to death today, lie fell thirty feet, his pas tank exploding. Strike Leader 15ERLIN,, Feb. 4. Wilhehn Dittman, the Radical So cialist deputy, who was tried by an extraordinary court martial on the charge of inciting high treason and resist ance to public authorities, and who had taken an aggres sive part in the direction of the general strike, was today sentenced to five years' imprisonment in a fortress. Chicago Suffers Fuel Famine CHICAGO, Feb. 4. The third heatless Monday, found the city in the grip of the worst fuel famine in its history. The suffering was widespread, hundreds besieging the office of the fuel administration for the pink coal slips which were later found valueless at many yards which were closed because of lack of fuel. The thermometer registered 10 below zero. Many closed their homes and went to hotels. Families of relatives gathered in one house. Neighbors gathered in one flat. o Strikes Virtually End LONDON, Feb. 4. Meager reports reaching neutral countries of the economic situation in Germany and of the general :-rick prevailing in the empire last week indicated that the strike had virtually ended. The oppo sition of the military authorities had much to do with breaking up the movement of the workers. Their leaders are reported to have advised the men to return to work. With the summary courtmartial of strikers in the Berlin district no disorders have occurred like those early in the week, industrial quietude pervades the entire district except at Zena, the capital of Saxe Weimar, where new trouble has -arisen. The German and Austrian foreign ministers and General Luedendorff are to meet in a con ference in an effort to ameliorate and settle the economic and political questions affecting the dual monarchy and to meet the peace desires of the people of the two coun tries. ' . ... o Americans Outgame the Germans LONDON, Feb. 4, Although the German attack "in the sector in Lorraine held by the Americans Saturday was a sudden one and the Germans placed a heavy barrage fire along the American line for several miles, the Amer icans responded with avidity and with their 7") guns tore up the German trenches and dugouts and cut their barbed wire entanglements, and caused damage that will require several days to repair. Little damage was done the Amer ican positions. It was seen that the Americans outganied the enemy at his initial point of assault and later they even extended their bombardment over a wide region. Oii the other battlefronts the infantry figured in minor engagements and artillery duels were intense in 'Belgium and France. The total British casualties for the week were (i;i04, the smallest in months. o . Bakers Must Obey Food Rules PORTLAND, Feb. 4. Bakers of Oregon, Washington and California appeared late this afternoon before a con ference of Pacific Coast food administrators and were told that the food' administration expected of them careful compliance on their part to the food conservation pro gram. They were asked to avoid over-production, and to cut wastage to a minimum. They were told that the sched ule of substitutes of other cereals for flour in bread must be followed closely. By February '24 all bread sold must contain not less than 'JO per cent of substitutes for wheat flour. ' 'sTtl o Shipping is a Vital Problem WASHINGTON, Feb. I, A 50 per cent reduction of imports is one of the measures advocated by the admin istration to make available shipping for transportation of troops. Overseas transportation is recognized as a real problem by the government. To make effective the men on the firing line, the fighting force must be kept in supplies. The tonnage required to support the army in France varies from four to seven tons in continual service for each man. The government has now in all services about 4,000,000 tons of shipping, one quarter of which is required to bring materials here considered essential to the national industrial life. Jf negotiations now under way with neutral countries are successful, a large amount of new tonnage will become available for transporting supplies to the American troops abroad o WAR CABINET BILLS ARE DEBATED WASHINGTON, Feb. 4. The controversy over the war efficiency cabinet and munitions director bills was renewed in the Senate today in a debate which lasted the entire dav. Senator Hitchcock, Democratic member of the military committee, made a two-hour prepared speech supporting the two bills which thr President sharply op . .. s Gets Five Years poses. J fe sharply criticized the. war department and charged that Secretary Baker had unintentionally misled the country by "absolutely preposterous statements" re garding the country's ability to get soldiers abroad. Sen ator Williams of Mississippi and Reed of Missouri op posed the war reorganization bills as proposals to usurp the President's authority. The discussion will be renewed tomorrow, when Senator Dadsworth of New York, a Re publican member of the committee, will support the war reorganization legislation. Senators Thomas of Colorado :and Kirby of Arkansas, Democratic members of the eom- Innftcc, and Chairman Chamberlain, will also speak, j B0LO PASHA TRIAL BEGINS PARIS, Feb. 4. The trial of Bolo Pasha on the charge of treason add spreading German propaganda began to dav. i O ! NO SPECIAL SESSION FOR IDAHO BOISE, Feb. 4. Governor Alexander has decided that he will not call a special session of the legislature to act on war measures. T he Idaho Council ol Defense has peti tioned for a special session. o VENICE AND VENETIAN TOWNS BOMBED ROM I'!, Feb. 4. Venice and the towns of the Venetian plains were bombed by enenty airmen. There was no dam age and do casualties in Venice, but some damage in Padue, Treviso and Mestre. No civilians were killed or wounded. -o- PRIORITY ORDER IS ISSUED WASHINGTON, Feb. 4. A far reaching program of regulation was issued tonight by the war industries board establishing priority in supplying war industries to be recognized by all individuals, firms, associations and cor porations producign copper, iron and steel products. Pri ority in supplying coal, coke vided bv the war industries administration. RAILROADS TO 'WASHINGTON, Feb. 4. merce Committee today approved tlie section or tlie ad ministration railroad bill providing for the return of the roads by the government, and also the section erenting a revolving fund of $")()(),())),()( 10 for operation and expenses. It was agreed to report the latest. . o ' COAL SITUATION IN. EAST CRITICAL WASHINGTON, Feb. 4. The critical coal situation in the East was disclosed to today bv a dotfen state fuel administrators called to Wash ington to attend a conference ous shortage exists in some states, and the fuel adminis trators urged that then- be no suspension of the Monday (dosing order until con :li turns are bettered. I he people in many states are just one day ahead in their coal sup plies. ' o GOVERNMENT TO CONTROL FUEL OIL WASHINGTON, Feb. 4. Government control of in dustries was extended to oil production by proclamation of President Wilson tonight, putting under license the manufacture and distribution tion is made of other oil products, such -as gasoline and kerosene, but thev, too, mav 1 ri-n . iY . j . T ' control, j ue auuioriry is vcslcu in .want u. nequu oj California, recently appointed chief of the fuel administra tion's oil division, licenses will be issued after February 11 to all manufacturers and of find oil, including gasoline, is more than 100,0UU barrels everv vear. Under regulation of the fuel administration, i preferred list of consumers in regular order, regardless of o STREET CAR STRIKE IN ST. LOUIS ST. LOUIS, Feb. 4. The second day of the street car strike was marked bv increasing violence,-riot.'aHs and paralysis of transportation. Jn spite of efforts at settle ment, no cars were running tonight. Mayor Kiel, on the advice of the city counsellor, summoned the United Rail way officials and local union street car men. to his office this evening. The labor union but the railway company officials refused to participate. : o CANADA TO SUSPEND MANUFACTURING OTTAWA, Out., Feb. 4. An order in council was idopted bv the cabinet on the recommendation of C. A. MacGrath! dominion fuel controller, suspendinir the opera tion of manufacturing establishments February 9, 10 and 11 as a fuel conservation measure. The order includes munition plants. Jt does not Western Canada. . NAVY HAS THE NECESSARY TRANSPORTS WASHINGTON. Feb. 4 . Secret arv Daniels author izes the statement that the navv had the necessary trans port facilities for carryinir France earlv tins vear. lie informed that Secretary Baker forecast as to the number of American troops which would be landed in France had been challenged bv Senator Hitchcock. simmiikvili.e nivMS Stockholders .Meet to Adopt P.y-I.nws to f'omply Willi Dcmniid.s tif Forestry Service. SUMMF.UVILLE, Or., Feb. 1. (Special I Slock raise nr Hip. north end of tho county met In large at tendance here on Thur-'lay to adopt new by-laws to meet with tlio de mands of the forestry sen Ice. The forest ranger was present to extend any necessary Information. J. N. Chandler. C. A. Galloway and William lllll, of Llgln were here to or food and feed is not pro board, but bv the fuel or food BE RETURNED The house Interstate Com bill bv Wednesday at the Fuel Administrator Garfield on the fuel condition. Seri of all fuel oils. JNo men soon come under tederai ..J... 1 r.l T I" distributors whose gross sales in the East will be supplied existing contracts. men obeyed the summons, apply to maritime ports or oOO.OOO American troops to made tins .statement wlien attend the stock meeting. Karl Turks was a business visitor In imbler on Wednesday. I)aiiuh(cr-ln-Lnw J)eud. Mr. and Mrs, Ends Fisher re ceived a telegram bearing the- sad news of the death of their daughler-In-Iaw, Mrs. Walter Fisher, In Kan sas. Mr. and Mrs. Leo Wiedorer were business visitors In La Uraudc this week. After spending a few days with friends In I. a Grande and Haker Miss I.ydla M. ling experts to go to Giants I'ns3 to visit with her brother, A. F. w?ifcl Mir AV New York City' Financial District Decorated In Honor of a Foreign War Mission. Only 84 Days in 1918 in Which the World's Busi ness Is Not Interrupted Somewhere by Holidays and Sundays. CURIOUS HOLIDAY FACTS. . There la no national legal hoi- Iday , the United State. M "---.ichusetlji drea not -. serv i Ni .v Year Day ra a lci;ai iionday. Five Christian countries go not observe Christmas as n is- ga holiday. . New Year's Day Is the only holiday observed throughout the world. Eleven different dates are ob- served as New Year's Day In different parts of the world. International business will be Interfered with by holidays or Sundays on 281 days In 1918, of these 261 days being holidays. 1 hla leaves only 84 days In which universal banking busl- ness Is possible. November, with 26 holidays In different parts of the world, leads the months. March, with 19, has the few- est holidays. Brazil leads the nations of the world with 84 holidays. The United States comes next with 64. By GARRET 8MITH. WIULK man pluys or prays tlio world's business will bo In terfered witb on 281 days during IMS. Ju other words, tliero will be only 84 days lu this coming year that are not Suu duys or speelul holidays In ouo or luoio Important commercial regions of tlio earth. Nor is tills un unusual conditlou created by tlio war. We are uccuslomed to Jump remurkublu conditions Into tlio category of war evils these Uays. On tlio contrary, somo of tlie fighting nations liavo for the tlmo being stripped their decks of minor uud unusually supcrtluoua holi days. Ever since man was coudQiiuicd to earn his bread by the sweat ot his brow ho has been putting In a lot of spare time trumping up methods of beating tlio game. Next to working Into tlio boss's Job tlio Invention of tliu holiday has been one of his ablest little achievements In tills line. Like wise ever since bosses and holidays evolved, along about history's sun rise, the former have hcen curuing the latter as troublesome breaks in the year's work. l!y tlio .Middle Ages holidays had become so numerous that they seriously Interfered wttii Industrial pursuits. A valuable re sult of the lteformatlon not gcuerally appreciated was the ahull Hon of a large portion ot these holidays. ilut as time went on political and religious milestones accumulated .gain. Today, while the year's over load In any one country Is by no means as serious as In tlio Middle Ages, Uie growth of International finance has made the world's aggre gate of closed days a serious factor and an cxpeuslvu one. Not until now, however, litis any attempt been made to compi!'' an exhaustive list ol loll dflis it.r e.u!-!"i -'. of banker and meich: 'J li 'a t has J' ' complr . v t; (iunrnnty . i-a Oii'pn . o. .'.' York city. The re Rults have been published in -. iok let that should be a valuable a'lo.iion (o the reference library of ev. .y bnnk 1 In the country doing mora than a pure ly local business. Importance of Bank Holidays. Suppose a hank has a commercial paper collectable In Peking or Athens cr Cape Town on January B. It Is Hug, for a few months. CoM Weather Appreciated. The snow and cold weather were greatly appreciated at the Mr Ken tie sawmill. Logging is on In full blast and Mr. Mch'enzle expects to deck two million feet of logs before French Citizens Celebrating tmportant to know whether the bank la that particular city will be open that day. Docs any one around the place know whether Jniiuury 6 Is a bnnk holiday In Peking or Athens or Cape Town? Usually no one docs. It's hard enough to keep tubs on the 34 holidays riiiupnnt lu these United States. It therefore becomes neces sary to send an expensive cublegram to get the Information. This sort ot ihlng happens not once, but man; times, lu every banking bouse vu an extensive foreign business. Among the holidays established by custom the occasion Is genornlly the anniversary of an important political went or the birthday of n national hero. Such holidays m e therefore lo cal, whllo church holidays nro for tho most part general. The former class prevails In tho newer and more dem ocratic countries, while tho older ones coudiio themselves largely , to ; the church fusts and festivals. Where Holidays Are Thickest. Contrary to the popular notion, the new democracies of the west enjoy a greater number of holidays than their sister nations of the eastern hemi sphere. Of the B7 nations or depend encies listed Brazil leads, with 84 holidays. Tho United States, with 04, is a close second, although sho, unllko Hrazll, practically Ignores the church days. . Another popular delu sion Is shattered when we find that France has only 18 formally observed days and Italy only 23. We had sup posed the Latins always outdid us In this particular. Among tho oUier bel ligerents Germany, It Is presumed, will observe 20 dnys next year. Great Ilritaln 10, Japan 10 and Itussln 17. In most of these countries numerous local holidays ordinarily observed have been abandoned during tho war. Tho study of hollduys is fascinat ing to tlie historian. Those of our own country offer a particularly rich field. If one knew tho meaning of all the half a hundred days celebrated lu tho United Stutcs, with the collateral events connected with each, he would be well versed in tlie nation's history. One of tlio first surprises In store for such a student is to learn that the United States bus no national holi day. Tho reader will nt onco think of Fourth of July and of tho Presi dent's Thanksgiving proclamation. Ilut not even these tiro national. Acts of Congress and Presidents' pro nouncements In this respect apply only to tho District of Columbia and the territories. Tho slates usually follow suit, but as a mutter of cus tom only and not of law. Hero Is a cluinco to win somo bets from your friends. America's Red Letter Days. American local holidays are rich In historical significance. Of such are the commemorations of Hunker Hill and lleiiiiinglun and New Orleans nnd Sun Jacinto; tho all but forgotten Fust Duy of Now England, still sur viving In New Hampshire; Patriots' Day lu Maine and Old Defender's Day In llaltlmore, Pioneer Day In MMio and tho various Admission Days pop ular with other Western states, Con federate Memorial Day In the South, together with the birthdays of I.oe anil other heroes of the Confederacy. Two states have Independence Diiys of their own. Texas observes her sep aration from Mexico on March 2. North Carolina commemorates tlv Hullfiix Independence resolutions on April 12 nnd the Mecklenburg d- .-Vi-ratlon on May 2l. It remains for Frederick ecu.: Md., to celebrate all alone the repu diation of tho stnmp act, one of the most local celebrations of nn Impor tant nallonnl event on record. Among the favorite months for hoi Plays tho world over November leads, Spring. The high winds have kept the line man busy this week putting tele phone lines In order. Some fear that school will be closed on account of the measles which are spreading rapidly. Judging by the good attendance the Fail or the Bast lie. with 2(1 out of Us possible M0 davsJ May conies next, Willi 2"i nnd au ad ditional Sunday not otlmnvl?? cele brated, thus actually tylm. November In the numbvf of days ci-iv d to bust-' ne.v;. M..r. It, on the et!.,.r hand, is. the loc.. . all nron:. ' business m.....-.,;::.. .oly ID LiiMavi;. Thus in i-. , ; . os of r,. , nailiUl ln-i ! . !.-.! ffc.i -iiuj of' Inters ' served festt-l Vow Year's i upon by tlio ling tlie Inter- Day CPU l banke. I. national ca Now Yours Day Is tho only 1. aut. . universally observed. I'.ut, aim, n falls on 11 different dates lu dilterent pnrts of the globe, and some countries observe more than one of them. An exhaustive study of tlieso New Tear celebrations would give one a pretty fnlv Unowlortgo of tlie' liilclenf history of tlio world. Curiously ' enough, one of our own states, Massachusetts, does not make tills a legal holiday, thonjrli her citizens generally obwrvu It. , Whero Chlstmas Is Not Observed. Christmus Day, duo to Its religious slgnltlcance, Is not so generally ob served ,fl' New Year's Day. , It has, moreover, only tlireo dllTorenfc dates. It was not K'sncully observed on De cember 23 until tlio fourth century. Tho early church, lacking uny au thentic knowledge ns to the date of Christ's birth, celebrated It without uniformity In May, April and Janu ary. Tlio Armenian Church still ob serves January 0. Why the Decem ber oate was finally selected Is uncer tain. Some see In it a displacement of the Itonmn Saturnalia; others de clare It a survival of the Feast of tho Winter Solstice, nnd still others point to Its coincidence with th? old Ger man Yuletldo Feast Countries where the old stylo calendar prevails' still celebrnto January T. In tho Puritan days Scotch Presby terians and Kngllsh Non-Cnnfnniilsls rejected Christians Day altogether as "savoring of papistry," nnd In New England Thanksglvl"!.- Day wavde. vised to replaco It. li ws eov; ous thing that ther. .. ' -v t'V vx' tlnn countries a'' served legally. t..:i; u.-s i.u Panama, Peru, Pot-asul i" ... South African Union. The hist named, however, stlil ob serves the old English In -tltntioa of Uoxlnff Day on December 2d. This wns the day when tho UukIIsIi gentry, having had their own Cbrisl mas cele bration tho tiny befoie, turned their attention to tho poor by presentlni them with Christians boxes. The day Inter became the day for general glv: Ing of Christmas gifts. Portugal Drops Traditions. The only rountry on earth a study of whoso holidays reveals little of its j political, racial or religious origin is j Portugal. The first attempt to ostnb- j lish a republic In Portugal was m id.! on January 111, 11. This Is refle t- j ed In Ps calendar of holidays, whl-h runs; "January 1. dedicated to ini- ' versa! brotherhood: .Innunry SI, ded- , lented to the memory of all tl.os- wh: fought and died tii esiahi sh the re public In Portugal: May in ncm ,1 I-y tie.; i.f I he coery of lie II). 1? ; June rtn: IV .....ipal holi " municipal ..- ft. the the 1'or .. . i- 1. I-'In.; be Indopend- e.-eiuher 25, These , on ho'iii' touch itrihut'o dales. i. ' I- lies a . :,b. Idled Willi I'lamt ..ml curim mntlon relntlng to the niati"cr or ehrntlng them . In school In tills stormy weath11!. Miss Mnrcia Ileckcr In touching :i very successful term of school in tile I)r Creek school district. o - Bolter than money boeniMo tiny earn money; buy ;i W AP PAVINd" STAMP TO-DAY.