The Oregon mist., June 23, 1911, Image 2

FARM
Motes and Instructions from Agricultural Colby and Experiment Stations
of Oregon and Washington, Specially Suitable to Pacific Coast Conditions
THE CHEMISTRY OF THE HOP.
H. V. Tartar. Orcna Agricultural
caii(.
The large amount of hop crown
In thia state makea the chemistry ot
the hop of Interest both to the local
experiment atation chemist aa well aa
as the hopgrower. The annual pro-1 nature and value of the different con
duction of the hop crop ot this state stituent have been demonstrated by
approximates 90.000 oaies annually,
while the total consumption ot hops
in the United States, according to
one writer, amounts to so.OOO.OOO
pounds. Again, in the adoption ot
proper standards for Judging the qual
ity of hopa the chemical composition
must be given considerable consider
all on. since the cone Is the portion
of the plant used commercially, only
tbia portion will be considered In
what follows.
SI any researches have been carried
out by different chemists on the com
position of the hop cone, the earliest
investigations dating as far back as
"' J v I mcu
work has been done on this subject
and the results obtained have not
been concordant In many instances.
2? -SiJW ",VWit..IOJ? "efm. .
ru irrMil niwavar that Ihd nHniniil I
be agreed, however, that the principal
constituents of the hop cone are a
volatile oil, a wax, a hard resin, two
soft bitter resins, an alkaloid and a
tannin.
if hops are placed In a still with
water and the mixture boiled, oily
drops will be seen coming over with
the distillate. As the process con
tinues and a larger quantity of ma
terial collects it will be noted that
It baa a light green color. This oily
bop and although it amounts to only
hop and altogether it amounts to only
ene-half of 1 per cent, it is the con
stituent which gives to the hop its
fragrant odor. It la a greenish, mo
bile liquid and is very aromatic. It
is composed ot three or four differ
ent bodies, some of which are known
chemically as terpenes, being closely
related in composition to ordinary
turpentine.
A wax was isolated from the hop
In IS 62 by a German chemist. He
found the substance to be a white,
waxy material, closely allied in na
ture to beeswax and other waxes. An
examination showed -the hop wax to
be a chemical compound, known as
myrtcyl palmltate. The amount ot
this substance present In the hop
amounts to approximately 0.40 per
tent. It Is a tasteless. Inert sub-1
stance which "is apparently of no
value in the pnalckl use. of
bop. I
From the Investigations made it ap-
pears that there are three distinct
resinous substances in the hop con
and tor convenience two are desig-,
nated as "soft resins," while the third
is called the "hard resin. When the
cone Is extracted with ordinary ether,
all three of these resins are dis
solved. If the ether be evaporated
from the extract obtained, however,
and the resulting residue be treated
with light petroleum spirit, only the
soft resins pass into solution, while
the hard resin is left behind as a
light green amorphous residue.
The hard resin Is almost tasteless. I
Chemical experiments indicate that j
It Is probably a mixture of different
substances and no definite results 1 goni entomologist at the Oregon Agrl
liave been obtained as to Its actual f cultural College, who Is about to pub
composition. So far as Is known It i (!,n a useful bulletin on the protet
bas no value In the practical uses ortlon f ,ne garden from pests,
the hop. The amount of hard resin j r0 make such an emulsion, dis
eems to Increase with the age of,golve a pound of hard soap In a gat
the hop and also with the use of hlgh(ion 0f boiling water, add a pint of
temperatures In drying- i crude carbolic acid, and churn (nre-
For convenience the soft resins are , ferablv with a handpumpl until the
designated as the "alpha" and the i mxture lg a freamy white. This '
"beta." According to the present ! forms a Ktnc wnicb may be diluted
belief these substances are the con-, by adding thirty times as much water !
!i"Lle.nl8 ZhlilTJV, ,,Pa ?tock' hou,! bea',I,ii.e" .1 !"?!
. v.iir: ., .
mercial value. Collectively they are ,
known as the. "hop bitter," or "liit-i
ter principle." and many consider the
amount of soft resins as one of the
prime facets In judging the quality
of the hop. Analyses made in this
laboratory show that Oregon hops
contain from 13 to IS per cent ot
these materials. In the pure state
the soft resins are both crystalline
substances, which, although only
sparingly soluble In water, are read
ily soluble In alcohol. They Imiiart
to their solutions an Intensely blttei
taste. The "beta" resin Is colorless,
while the alpha is of a beautiful
golden yellow color. When In solu
tion both act as weak acids toward
alkalies and for this reason they are
often termed the "hop-bitter acids."
They also possess certain definite an
tiseptic properties.
Hops have long been assumed to
contain an alkaloid. A Oerman chem
ist several years ago succeeded In
Isolating a substance giving the gen
eral reaction of an alkaloid. Subse
quent Investigators repeated this In
vestigation with negative results. Re
cently, however, an alkaloid has been
Isolated which is said to closely re
semble morphine in Its properties.
Practically nothing of a real definite
nature is known regarding this sub
stance and It Is evidently present In
very small quantity.
A tannin Is present In the bracts
and stems of the bop cone which can
be extracted with hot water. When
Isolated It Is a reddish brown powder
possessing an astringent taste. What
the actual value of the hop tannin Is
In the commercial uses ot the bop Is
still an open question.
The preceding review is simply a
The Extraordinary Thing.
A young attorney not noted for hit
brilliancy recently appeared In court
to ask for an extra allowance In an
action which he was so fortunate aa
to bare been retained In. The court
not discovering . anything at all un
usual, complicated, or extraordinary
about the litigation, Inquired of the
young man: "What Is there about this
casa that to you seems eitraordl
naryr "That I got It." blandly and
Innocently replied the youthful aa
Blraat for faea.
ORCHARD
.brief summary of the chemistry of
the hop a obtained from a study of
the literature on the subject. There
! (a much regarding the chemical com-
million of the hoo which la atill lu
I doubt and It affords fruitful field
no the agricultural chemist for fur
! tber Investigation. When the exact
scientific means, then we will be
'better able to Judge the real value ot
I the hoo and also, suggest methods for
Improvement in ita culture.
WILL 8AVE STATE MORE MONEY.
Corvallls Prediction Is made by
Prof. E. I. Potter of the aulmal hus
bandry department ot the Oregon
Agricultural College, who is also sec
retary of the new state stallion li
cense board, that the operation ot the
new stallion law will aave the horse
men of the state many thousands ot
dollars
-if we had had the law before it
w have ,ome 10000 or
Ujm to the horsemen of the state
on the price of animals sold them as
Pure-bred under bogus certificate
r . . .
said Professor Potter recently, dis
cussing the results to be expected.
"It Is probable that $1000 more was
paid apiece for the dozen stallions
with unsatisfactory pedigrees for
whom we have received requests for
licenses, than It a true statement of
their breeding had been given at time
of sale.
"We have thus far had applications
from about 400 stallion owners, which
Is probably not much over half the
number of stallions owned at present
In Oregon. The greater number have
come from Wallowa county, though
many have come in from Marlon,
Douglas, Baker, and other parts ot
tne state. We take these applica
tlons as an evidence ot good faith ou
the part of the breeders, and they
will not. of course, be prevented from
using their stallions between the til- white costumes, they were many and
Ing of the application and the lssu- ot Tar)e(j materials. The more sue
ance of the license. The heavy cor-1 eeMfu, wer8 tho(M, of pure whlt
resitondence regarding applications. .- n hi,h in mnri
and the work ot classifying and fil
ing them, occupies us at present, but
when that is done we will begin issu
ing the licenses.
'Besides correcting the present
practice of some horsemen of selling
and using stallions havfng bogus pedl-
(frees, the new law will do much to
raise the standard of soundness, anil
'mWOT th? "?k ' the
"""
,on on these two 'nt w' b
5?. -t?,"? .T!f
of pr.ventIon of' the use of stai -
as 'sound which have diseases'
or constitutional weaknesses liable
to affect the offspring.'
SAVE YOUR RADISHES AND
ONIONS.
Corvallls "Carbolic acid emu!
.slon is used . to destroy the eggs.Ing revival of accordion plaited mils
and young maggots -which Infest under the hems of skirts, long snd
radishes, onions and similar garden 1
crops, and occasionally for other in- j
sects." is a statement of H. F. Wit
SUriUCe OK WIS KrUUIIU HUOUl llie
plants."
FASHION HINTS
This suit of dark blue soft -finished
Serge has all the newest touches with
out being tryingly extreme. Tbe.coat
is short witliAut being "bobby,' 'sr.d
the skirt is narrow, though far from
suggesting the "bobble"
Polishing Mstal Utensils.
Utensils must be kept polished. Fot
copper use soap applied with a damp
cloth, then sprinkle thickly with borax,
If you have no regular copper polish.
Brass can bo cleaned by being mois
tened with kerosene, then rubbed
with a past of powdered chalk and
lemon Juice, and polished with
chamois. Boll tin utensils occasion
ally ia strong soda water, and If rusted
rub with lard and let stand before
washing.
sar
Fashion
ARIS- I spent Easter at
Monte Carlo with some
friends who have been
there all the season and the
weather waa simply glorl
ous. Blue sky, blue sea
and blue gowns; at leaat
there were great many of the lat
ter, for bine In all shades Is quite
the rage of the year.
Nothing could exceed the brilliancy
of scene on the terrace of the Casino,
and in the Casino Itself, at all hours
of the day and night during Easter
week. It baffles description. I have
always said that the famous planches
at TrouviUe, that broad wooden path
way by the seashore, showed oft pret
ty gowna better than any other walk
In the world, but the terrace at Mon
te Carlo runs the planches very
close. And then at Monte Carlo one
baa a (lory of golden sunshine and a
blue la the sea such aa the northern
watering placea never know.
And the dress? It waa quite won
derful! Morning, afternoon and even
ing.
This year, aa always, I noticed that
for morning wear fresh white suits
bad It all their own way; nothing
could equal them for effect In those
brilliant surroundings and no other
costumes could prove so flattering to
a smart and pretty woman. And of
we call "tolls nationale. This mate
rial Is firm and yet supple, and wom
en who have to study economy ran
console themselves with the knowl-
edge that It gives almost everlasting
wear. But then It must be perfectly
fresh and spotless always,
Manv of the smart tailored .suits
extr.ord.n.rlly tight and skimpy.
"-.but others, and these may be taken
as heralda of the near future, showed
a tendency toward more fullness about
" The most notable outline of
the moment, but this applies more
particularly to afternoon gowns,
Is
that which Is slightly baggy at the
knees and tight round the feet, but
not tied In: rather Is this tightness
I achieved by the Introduction of heavy
fringes and by skillful weighting than
by a cutting away ot material.
I spoke a little time ago of the com
short, snd aa each day goes by the
certainty of this revival becomes more
assured. We are as yet some way
from this change, but faces are
turned in that direction.
At Monte Carlo I saw several of the
much discussed Jupes culotte. But
they were not worn by any of the
really smart society women, nor did
they call for other notice than a lit
tie quiet ridicule. The smart women
all say the same thing: That the
jUpe culotto Is very well for certain
occasions. In private but that It Is
Impossible a. a costume for
street wear.
The full length sketch which I
send shows one of the newest cos
tumes for afternoon wear; a costume
of rather a fantastic order, but none
the less attractive. Tbe tight skirt
Is cut up at the tides, but It Is not
"divided" In any way. It conveys
the trouser effect without being at all
"trouser." Tbe tunic is very long and
aiso cut up at tbe aide and the quaint
little coatee shows the talis at the
back which are a feature of some of
tbe most exclusive spring models. 1
cannot say that these tailed coats
are universally becoming, but certain
ly they are uncommon.
I saw one of our prettiest Parisian
actresses wearing a coat of thia kind
on the CaBlno terrace on Kaster Sun
day and It was made of nut brown
chiffon cloth with a lining of nhrlmp
pink taffeta. The talis were cut away
more sharply than those Indicated In
our sketch and the coat had two Im
mense revers In the dlrectolre style.
Tbe skirt waa made of cream shan
tung silk In a very heavy make and
a blouse of thick cream lace accom
panied it
A quaint "cabriolet," seen at the
Casino, made quite a sensation. It was
worn by an exceedingly pretty woman
and Its unexpected outline attracted
general attention. The dre'ss experts
of Paris state, confidently, that we
are about to revive the glories of the
cabriolet hat. or bonnet, and that In
the near future. And I am of opin
ion that this will be tbe case, as this
style of headdress Is a suitable ac
companiment for the semi-transparent
and "fluffy" costumes which await
This year, above all others, every
thing depends on the original shape of
tbe hat and on the beauty of the
straw, for la many cases the trim
mings are quite simple, such aa might
be arranged by any clever homo work
er. But then one has to first secure
the uncommon shape, and this la not
an easy task, aa all the leading mil
liners make their own shapes and
take delight In Inventing special com
binations of strsws.
The curious little bat shown on th
full-length figure Is one of the most
successful shapes of the year. Tb
brim Is narrow and close fitting and
tbe crown Immensely high and shaped
In sugar loaf style. Such baste as thia
are either trimmed with a very larg
bow, as Indicated In the sketch, ot
with a Jaunty little quill made of vol
vet and plaited satin. Everything de
pends on Just how such a bat Is worn
It requires to be placed at the correct
angle and drawn down over tbe head
and balr.
At tbe Casino at Monte Carlo, In th
afternoon as well as In the evening. I
noticed a leaning toward the revival
of accordion plaited frills. Already
some ot tbe most expensive and ef
fectlve gowna are showing a mass ol
plaited frills on and under the hem.
but these fragile frills are weighted
down by masses of Jet or crystal beads
In the guise of deep fringes. Nothing
can be prettier than this latter Idea
We retain the clinging style of dress
and the ultra aleuder outline of figure,
but we have once again that sugges
tion of feminine charm which Is si
wsys associated with dainty frills and
which seems to bave little place In
connection with skimpy skirts which
are worn directly over silk lights
Tbe return to frills was Inevitable,
but even now It Is to be counted with
things of the future, but that "future"
Is by no meana far away.
I was much struck by a remark
made by a clever American friend In
a letter received tnis morning. Kne
had Just bee,n to a private view of the
wonderful gowns, about 160 In all,
wblcb Lucille had prepared for the ex
hlbltlon of costumes which Is to be
one of the events of the coronation
year In London. This friend, who Is
exceedingly tailor-made In her taxies,
spoke with enthusiasm of the dresses,
but added "most of them were too
fluffy for my taste." Lucille bas al
ways been devoted to an ultra-feminine
style of dress and the materials she
uses are supple and luxurious to an
extraordinary degree, but on this oc
casion she hns simply struck the note
of the Immediate future; we are going
to be "fluffy' and at the same time
snake-like and willowy.
At Monte Carlo this season there
has been a rage for a certain shade
ot red which Is rather hard to de
scribe. It Is something between pop
py and cherry. In tbe millinery world
this red bas been and still is ubiqui
tous, and it Is very often used In con
nection with chip and tagal straws In
the new shade of blue, which Is neith
er dark nor light. Blue and red the
colors of tbe English guards, may be
said to be the "mix" of the season,
and this Is as It should be In a year
when we are all talking and thinking
of the coronation.
With plain white serge suits I no
ticed several smart women wearing
picador bats of this red straw, with
lining of white chip and for trimming
a couple of red quills. And blue strsw
hats are treated In the asms way, the
white lining giving a fresh and youth
ful appearance to tbe face. Nearly al
the hats of tbe , present day have
blghdomen crowns and all, without
exception, are made so large In the
crown that they lit well down on the
bead and almost cover tbe balr. Id
Ila Da Vllllera, In Urn Doston Olob.
The M
newest niszr Sfftl
"TailUur" JfflrtifwMlll
over skirt VZffj ulmi
and rtvtr SA-I3f
ef navy ttlL
blue an, I
white Ufc
fa ft fat Ik I
thunt m L J
TOlE 55 51
DRIES
Gotham Office Bi-ilding Tallest
in the World.
Structure Rlsss One Seventh of a Mil
From the Ground Eseseded In
Height Only by the
Eiffel Tower.
New York. Men will be at work
dally In a structure of stoue snd steel
one-seventh of a mile from tbe ground
and In all of the ii stories of the new
Woolworth building before the end ol
next year, the time appointed fot
com pie-Ion of the tallest business
structure In the world. 1-ald out flat
the giant building would be longer
than three city blocks, and Salvator s
record speed lor a mile would make 14
aeconda the time necessary for the
champion to cover the distance. Only
tbe Eiffel tower, In Parts, a steel skel
eton, will exceed In height this new
est New York pinnacle.
Higher and higher do our skyscrap
ers soar, out topping everything but
the mephltlc clouds of smoke from
their own boilers; deeper and deeper
do they thrust down through tbe soil
until their massive steel roots find an
eborage In the rock below. Tbe true
Titans of the modern world are tbe
builders, heaving their tons of steel
and stone and brick aloft In defiance
ot the law of gravitation and the winds
of heaven and daring even the earth
quake to confound their work In ruin.
Besides these modern glsnts of struc
tural efficiency the builders of the
early world were but pygmies playing
with blocks In the nursery. How
blgb will the skyscraper of the fu
ture mount? Has the physical limit
been reached, or will the man made
Sierras of tomorrow lift their giant
Woolworth Building.
towers out of the lofty masses of the
present like mountains springing from
foothills?
Chicago has Its skyscrapers, but It
bas not yet surrendered to I he passion
for "topless towers" which grips all
New York. The Hlnger building, with
Its tower lining 612 feet above the
pavement, had scarcely censed to be
the wonder of Cotlmin before the Met
ropolitan tower looked down uixui It.
and now the Woolworth buildlcg Is to
le piled Higher yet nolmdv knnvra
quite how high. What Is to be the de
terminating fin-tor of the future In rat-
gard to lU'lKht?
BURN MANSION FOR A SHOW
Promoters Get Realistic Views of Fire,
nescue and Bucket Brigade At
tempting to Quench Flames.
New riochelle. N. Y.-The historic
Bicnrd mansion, built 2"0 years ago
by a Huguenot family, and the scene
of ninny festive meetings ()f srlstocrat
Ic society In colonial cluv I. . m..
hi mm seneq ruins todiiy. It wna sno-
rincea to furnish a spectacle for a
motion picture film. The site of the
bonne was recently purchased for a
new Episcopal church. And h
mansion, offered at auction, was hid
In by a tnovlne nii-tnr.
With the permission nf ill. i ...
thorltles the company set fire lo tbe
'"" orner lo olitaln a series of
realistic pictures of tbe rescue of a
child, a vlllace bucket hri... i-
tlon, and a mourning family viewing
sW Wills, a.
1,800 Foreign Girl Lost.
Indianapolis. nd Kth.
dred Immigrant girls were tost track
of after having been received at Kills
Island, and put aboard trains for Chi
cago ana otner points In the west. In
tbe last yesr and a half." Miss Orare
Abbott of Hull House, Chicago, said
In discussing In tha hUnni.i .
tlon of the Young Women's Christian
association of America, the problem
of caring for Immigrant girls. Miss
Auooii advocated federal Immigra
tion bureau in Cblcsgo, "as a check
on the work of the white slavers"
Immigrant girls deserted the quaint
bawls and aprons of tbelr native
lands for the bobble skirt ail too
Huicaiy, HISS Abbott Said.
j V I
y i is s
JLBssiJs ml)
GOOD?
SURE IT IS
It's Good w hen the stomach
is bad.
It's Good when the bowels
are closed.
It's Good when the liver is
inactive.
It's Good in any malarial
disorder.
HOSTETTER'S
STOMACH
BITTERS
AVOID SUBSTITUTri
TRY A B01TIC TODAY.
g fleet ef Imagination.
A man condemned to death was
promised tbat If be would spend the
olgbt In bed In which a cholera pstleat
had died and survived the experiment,
his freedom would be given bltn. its
pent tbe night In (he bed and died
the next day. Hut no patient had ever
tied In tbe bed. and tbe affect OB tbe
Imagination and nerves of the con
demned man realty caused bis death.
Soma Sad Saamplea.
We bave all beard, of the batcher
who was a vegetarian, of the barber
who never shaved, of lb shoemaker
who let bis children go barefoot, but
bore Is a aew oae. A delegate to the
late cooveoUon of the lauaderers at
lAwreoee wore a celluloid collar.
lwrenre Qasette.
iii e
WOMEN
MAY AVOID
OPERATIONS
By taking Lydia E. Pinkh&m'i
Vegetable Compound
The following letter from Xfn
Orville Hock will rove how unwiw
it Is for women to submit to U
dangers of a surgical ocmtlou h'0
it may l avolili-il by taking I.ydu
K. l'liikliam's Vegetable Compound
hlie) Mtttloiirwti'ksln (lies lioMpital
it nil mine) home suffering won
I nun bciort.
Hero Is Iter own atatrmrnt.
Taw 1'aw. Mich. "Two vears ri
I suffered very severely with a dis
I ' Ipliicvuirnt I couli
not t on my it-i t
x liuiif time. XV
physician t reat4
me for seven mmithi
without ttllirll relirl
and at last sent iw
to Ann Arbor fr
nn iNrattoti. I wa
t here four wei kustu
cume home stiff ertnt
worse than brfin.
My mother adviwi
inn to trr I.rdu
V.. I'ltikliain s
ri'i-tiMn ('iiintxiiinil.
niul I did. Toilay I am well ai.U itwn;
nml do all my own Imu.iework. I o
my health to J.yiti K. 1'lnkham'i
Vi'Kt'tablH ('oinNiuii(l and advice ml
friends who ar mii-td with sr.;
female complaint to try It." Mr.
tiuvn.i.K u, IL II. .No. 5.1'awl.
liclillMU.
If you are III do tint drrte nloti? nuti!
nn oH-ratliin i lii'cessary. In it at oro
take I.ydU i;. l-iiiUmin's Vegetal1
I til H I II IK I .
l or thirty year It bas Wn the t.itv
iar.l remedy fur Wutni'ii's Ills, an. I lia)
til ki I I Vtt ff.t at . .a... I 41... (.. ..tf l.krl-.
i.i ,j l HM'IVtl 111- Hfai 1 II S.M I M""
.u'lao' oiucn. Why don't you tr 1 W
Old Beliefs Rudely Disturbed.
The old learnings of China and Ilr
llil rstahllshed the belief In JPa
that It waa best that women be not
,lf d by other, that their duties wf
wholly domestic, and that appear1'1'
out of doors was unbecoming a f""'1
(til wife or dutiful daughter. (iiird,
parties, dinner parties, balls and
,ul calls are new Importations fro
the west.
Fine Care
Fine Hair
It's fine care chat makes floe
hslrf ITaa A If. I Vloof.
-- - . w v niti inn a '
new improved formula, iy
lematically. conscientiously.
anu yoU W ge( results, w
know U stops falling hair, cures
ueiiururr, ana is a most cic
dressing. Entirely new. Ne
bottle. Ts mmi .Am.m.
a w .vw vvmtHiii
I Ihn not tkmp ifn nlmt if the
f a aaa ii t
fluers
ssBSBSsssssssisseiisa"
.-....-... . . f a e
yor n sir vigor, is now maoa
new Improved formula, Is tba lsw.2
aclsntlllc, and ia avert 7 ,h' ?,r!
preparation aver piacae
I - J
I . ' J". ..
"'"i. ror railing nsir ana -la
tba a graii msdlclne. .
Mat a l. M n ..k. Iawall.alSSr