The Oregon mist., December 31, 1897, Image 4

A YUKON OUTFIT
WHAT THE GOLD HUNTER
SHOULD' TAKE.
Sound AdTlr fr Thu. Who Content
nlata Seeking Their Forluna In tin.
Naw Gold Kleld af Ala.au aud tlia
Northwest Territory.
Ipactal Corrndenc.l '
Tim most practical and tHh.1 question
to lw doeiilotl by tlt uiau who intends
to go to Vho Yukon next year ia the
composition and quantity of hi outfit.
What ehoulil lis take and how muoh of
it. ' This la fur more important a qut8
tlon than that of tha routs he "hall
loot, hi nee by any regular route he
would probably reach hia destination,
while should lie not have a proper out
lit, he would be likely to And bis labor
to have ticen ull in vain, with failure
and possible starvation sturing him in
the face.
Whatever a tarn would require to
eat, to wear or to work with he ihould
take with him. Togo into thut coun
try depending upon being able to pur
phase any of the necessaries of life or
sncoraafut work is to ran the risk of
utter failure and calamity. Again and
attain was this asserted by exporienood
Yukonera when the excitement broke
out in July. Publicly through the
press and privately on all occasions
they advised gold aeckera to take with
them a complete equipment -for 18
months, certainly not less than a year,
and to place no dependence whatever
npon being able to purchase what they
.might need from trading pout. Thia
advice wai bussed upon the well-known
conditions of work and transportation
in that region. The miner might be
located several hundred miles by a trail
impassable in winter from the nearest
trading post, while the post itself, even
if accessible, might fail to secure
B too It of goods.
. The soundness of thia advice lis
been amply demonstrated the present
season. Hundreds who did not give it
eufflcient weight, have rushed into
Dawson City witi not enough food to
last them through the winter, only to
find that not a pound of food ia to be
purchased there, and that tiiey are but
adding to the distress of those already
threatened with starvation. They
have not done thia in ignorance, hut in
defiance of the advice of men of expori
ence. The golden mirage of their im
aginations has blinded them to the
practical, and they have roshed head
long to needless hardships, if not de
struction. Yet the majority of them
took this advioa 'seriously at first, and
equipped themselves well for the jour
ney. Very few, indeed, of those who
have readied Dawson with almost noth
ing for their support this winter, land
ed at Dyea or Skagway with leas than
a thousand pounds of supplies eaoh.
The secret of their present shortness is
the difficulties of the trail and tboir in
tense eagerness to reach their destina
tion. They have disposed ef or aban
doned the bulk of thoir outfits, trusting
to luck, or the deity supposed to havo
fools in his special charge, to get
through the winter somehow. They
would have done better to have camped
at the lake till spring, than to have
gone vn to Dawson short of supplies.
They would have done still better.when
they found they coold not get through
thia fall in good shape, to have returned
to the coast and waited until spring for
another attempt fully equipped. Those
who followed thia course are inflnetly
better off than those who saorifloed
,. everything to their insane eagerness to
get through, and are now at Dawson
with nothing to do and threatened with
being overwhelmed by a calamity of
their own creation.
The value of the ad vioe given to those
who started last fall has been demon
strated by their experiences. The aatne
advice is as valuable to those who will
" go in the spring. Take everything
with you that you anticipate to need
for a year for any purpose, and do not
depend upon being able to buv anything
whKtever. It ia folly to take for grant
ed that there will be so many new
steamers on the river next year that the
country will be amply supplied with
food and other necessaries. Assuming
that transportation facilities will be in
creased ten times, this will be offset
by the undoubted fact that more than
ten times as many persons will go in as
are there now, and that the added trans
portation facilities will be used to carry
them and their outfits. ! To the thou
sand who are already there and must
depend entirely upon supplies brought
in for sale, must be added the other
thousands who will not heed the voice
of prudence and will rush in lightly
- equipped, depending upon purchasing
what they need for the winter. .... It is
extremely doubtful whether enough
goods for sale oan be taken in next
summer to supply this demand. In
deed, in view of the experiences of this
year, it is almost certain that they can
not ; ; ; '
Even if it were not for this uncer
tainty, the conditions of successful work
there require that the miner take in a
full equipment and have it with him
wherever he goes. Tha Yukon gold
fields cover a great area of country,
while the trading posts are fow and at
present only along the Yukon river.
Other posts will doubtless be estab
lished' next year, near such new dis
trict as may become populous, yet even
these will be only at points accessible
to steamers. Those going to the gold
fields must not expeot to find claims
near the present centers of population.
They will be compelled to prospect dis
tant streams and gulches, and if suc
cessful, they may locate several hun
dred miles from the nearest store. To
be compelled to make a journey after
supplies migbt cause the loss of the en
tire season's prospecting, even assuming
that the things needed could be pur
chased at all. Every prospecting party
should bo fuily equipeped to subsist
itself for a year. Otherwise it can not
carry on its work under the conditions
necessary for success. This is made
clear when one understands the method
of mining and the difficulties of travel
in the winter season, in a mountainous
region without trails, the ground cov
ered with snow and the thermometer
almost continuously below sero.
The ground is frozen from surface to
bedrock, a distance varying in mining
claims from SO to 40 feet. Even in
summer it thaws out leu than a foot
from the surface. The bst pay dirt or
gravel i Just above the bed rock, and
to sink a shaft down to this requires a
great deal of fuel, and It takes ninny
weeks of hard work In the open sonson
to gather fuel enough to last throngh
the winter for heating and working
purposes. Watur for washing out the
dirt and extracting the gold can he bail
only in the summer and early fall. . In
some districts watur flows oily a few
weeks each year. All the dirt taken
out of the shaft is piled up near it till
the following summer, and until then
tho minor can not tell what will hu the
result of his year's labor. ;
This is the ordinary programme of
the Yukon miner, lie reaches the gold
fields In June or July. He spends the
next few weeks in prospecting and
finally locates a claim. There ia then
but a short time loft in which to gather
flie wood and prepare for work. Dur
ing the winter he sinks his shaft and
piles tip the dirt to he run through
sluice boxes the next summer. When
he can get water he begin washing,
and by the time he haa completed it
more than a year haa paused from the
time he first arrived In the gold fields,
and it may then he too late for hint to
get out ot the country that season. It
he went in supplied for 18 month and
has kept his supplies he is all right. If
not, he may be in the position of those
Klondike miners this winter, who have
not supplies to carry them through till
spring and can not buy tbeut at any
lrioo.
So much for tha necessity ot an
ample equipment. Now a few words
about the nature of it. Borne things
are absolute neceasititps, and one of
these ia quicksilver for saving the gold.
Take five pounds. : To he without it
would be like a soldier without ammu
nition. It should be in a metal Musk
of some kind, something that Will not
break, and care should bo taken not to
spill it. A pick and long-handled
shovel are necessary tools, slso a gold
pan. You will want a kit of tools for
making a boat, as well as for building
a cabin, flumes, eta It should consist
of whiiwaw, handsaw, jack plane,
draw-knife, axe, claw hatchet, ham
mer, square, chisel, files, whetstone,
chalk lino and wire ami galvaniaed
nails, a I ho oakum, pitch, ours, row
locks, calking Iron, boat cotton, twine,
sail needles, wooden block and lnanila
cotton rope. '
The necessary camping outfit con
sists of a teut, a Yukon stove, a next of
three camp kettles, fry pan,, hake pan,
water bucket, plates, onp and saucor,
coffee pot, knives, forks, spoons, two
large spoons and a butcher knife. The
best material for utensils are alumi
num, graniteware and steel in the or
der named. No tin, china or glass is
desirable. There Is no economy in not
getting the best and a full equipment.
Food must be good and properly cooked
if one would retain health and be in
condition to work. Insufficient or
poorly cooked food, with little variety,
is the chief cause of scurvy. Too tunch
care cannot be exercised in thia par
ticular. 'As for food, an adequate supply for
18 months weighs about a ton. The
chief items are 600 pounds of flour, 800
pounds of bacon, 150 pounds each of
beans and sugar, 75 pounds each of
rolled oata or other mush material and
corn meal, 60 pounds of rice, six dozen
cans of condensed milk, 85 pounds of
butter in sealed cans, ISO pounds of
evaporated vegetables, 100 pounds of
evaporated fruit, 50 pounds of prunes
and raisins, 80 pounds of dried fish, 40
pounds of coffee, with baking powder,
soda, aalt, pepper, ginger, mustard,
yeast cakes, tea, soap, matches, lime
juice (very important), dried beef, ex
tract of beef, soup in tins, sausage, to
bacco, etc., as desired, bearing in mind
alway that variety of food promote
health. There lias more or less been
said in the papers about various con
centrated foods, but with the exception
of evaporated vegetables and fruit,
condensed preserves, condensed milk
and beef extract there ia nothing yet
been brought forward which lias been
proved desirable. One can not afford
to experiment with hia stomach in
Alaska.'"'-
All supplies should he carefully
packed in canvas sacks of a total weight
ot 60 pounds each as nearly as possible.
Canvas of superior quality should he
used, the object being to preserve tho
food from loss by dampness as well a
by breaking or tearing of the paokages.
Fifty pound packages are the most con
venient for handling, and thia is often
as great a weight as one man can carry.
It is better to have these oanvas sacks
paraffined, to resist dampness. Do not
use oiled canvas, as the extreme cold
ness cause it to crack, with consequent
loss of the contents ot the sack. This
is true also of oiled clothing, sleeping
bags, etc. Plain canvas is better than
oiled, and paraffined better than plain.
A canvas tarpaulin is necessary as an
outfit cover, and thia may also be fitted
up and used for a sail. The canvas
sacks should be numbered and a list of
the contents ot each kept. The owner'
name should be plainly marked on
each. , Hnch necessaries as matches,
candles, etc., should be distributed
throughout the sacks, so that a loss of
a portion of the outfit will not deprive
the owner of these things. Tut
matches in tin boxes. The camper
will require a tent, 8x10 or 10x13
'being the usual sizes taken. Each
man should have a oanvas sleeping bag,
preferably paraffined, with a hood to
draw over his head. He oan have an
other heavy woolen sleeping bag to go
inside this, or nse blankets, as he may
prefer, though there is more warmth
to the same weight in the sleeping hag.
As for clothing, the essentials are
rouokinaw suits, heavy woolen under
wear and overshirts, heavy woolen
socks, woolen mitts and fleece lined
leather mitts, heavy leather boots, gum
boots, overalls, woolen cap, soft felt
hat and a waterproof clothing sack. To
this equipment one may add whatever
he may think desirable, but these at
least are necessary. The question of
footwear is an important one. Gum
hoots are worn only, while at work in
the water, either in a claim or along
the trail. Leather boot crack and are
easily ruined in the snow and cold
The Indian make a moccasin boot,
called "muckluck," which is the usm
footwear along the Yukon, but it wi.
of course be impossible for them to sup'
ply the demand for them next year,
This renders it advisablo for the gold"
seeker to take at least one extra pair of
boots with him. The most desirable is
tha style of boot worn by lumbermen.
There are numerous little things that
ore a necesnary part of an equipment.
Every man should have a small kit of
shoemaker's tool and supplies, also a
complete meudiug outfit lor clothing,
toilet article, etc, U lb a case with
pockets, One that can be rolled up and
tied. A fow yards of moquito.nnttlng
are necessary, for mosquitoes ate a pest.
Goggles to protect the eye from uow
blindness are necessary. Pens, ink,
pencils, pntmr and gwernmtmt stamped
envelopes, both Canadian and United
States, should ha taken. A few books
aro worth their weight. Flailing
tackle and shot guns are likely to
prove ot nervine, a the streams teem
with iish and water-fowl are extremely
abundant in summer. Traps are use
less, as all taking of animals for their
fur is done by Indians. A compass i
doslrable, also snow calks for the feet.
For travel on the snow a Yukon slud i
needed. No matter by what route one
travel or how he expects to transport
his outfit, there will be times either oh
the journey in or later when he will
have to pack supplies on hi own back,
and he should be equipped for It. The
ordinary packing (traps cut and gall the
shoulders and let the load lie like a
dead weight on the sm nil of tha back
and the kindnys. There are various
devices tor overcoming these trouble.
The best of them are the Merriam
pack, by which the weight i thrown
upon tho hips, and the Yukon packing
frame, which places the weight on the
Bhoulders, Either Is worth far more
than it costs to the man who has to
pnok hi outfit. In packing It ia a
great m Intake to overdo oneself or to
carry a load too far. Tho best plan is
to move the entire outfit along by short
stages, and then to stop work lie fore
completely exl.nisted. One should be
especially careful not to lit around
without a oout when heated or to wear
wet clothing when not at work.
Every man going to Alaska should
take a small supply of medicines
and surgical necessaries. These out
fits, both regular and homeopathic, may
be procured iu specially prepared oases,
and cost about 1 10. He should also
understand tha use of the remedies and
appliances.
Finally, the best advice of all Is to
take only the beet quality of every
thing, whether clothing, prolvsious or
utensils, mid to procure them from ex
perienced outfitters, who know just
what Is wanted and how to pack it. It
is poor economy to save a cent or two a
pound on provisions and theli pay a
dollar a pound to get this oheup food to
its destination. .
These things can all be bought cheap
er and to bettor advantage at the outfit
ting points irom which the steamers
ail than at any other place. , It Is both
economy and widsom to wait until the
final starting point is reached before
outfitting, as a perfect equipment, se
lected iiiuler the advice of reliable out
fitter and properly packed, is half the
battle for success.
Olrl Usher In a liureh. ,
Because the members of hi church
were negligent in attending Monday
aervice and still mure so in contribut
ing to the support of himself and tha
church, Itev. Maurice Penlield Fikes,
pastor of the First Baptist church at
Trenton, N. J., decided to try an inno
vation to attract people to hear him
prenoh and their nicklea and dime
from their unwilling pockets. Ho in
troduced pretty girls a ushers, and is
more than pleased with the results of
the first experiment. Mr. Fikes had
the. sagacity to make nmiminoemeiit
of the fact that the young women
would show folks to their seats and
take up the collection.- He was care
ful, too, to pick out six of the prettiest
girls in his flock, so the church hud
more young men in its pew than hud
over before been seen there. Every
seat in the church was' filled long be
fore service weie begun, and it was
necessary to get chairs in the aisle.
As usher the girl were a grand suc
cess, but thoir best service woie given
when the time came to take up the col
lection. The Innovation doesn't meek
with the approval of the other preach
ers, who say that when people are
drawn to a church simply for the privi
i lego of looking upon a bevy of pretty
j girl there is uo lasting good to lie ex
I pectod from it. But Mr. Fikes nys
I that he believe in getting people Into
, his church ami he doesn't cure how he
' does it so long as the means aro legiti
mate and honest. It took a long time,
to take up the collection, hut when it
, was over and the money counted there
, was nearly t'iOO to add to the treasury
of tiie church. .
Zertucha' Treacher?.
1 Dr. Zertucha, who was tho physicirn
of the late General Maceo, has been
appointed mayor of Bejucal, Havana
1 province. Zertucha has belonged, in
hi day, to all the political parties in
Cuba. At one time he was a bandit in
! the Vuelta Abajo, and hi record was
very discreditable. It was quite inex
1 plioablo to the friends of Maceotbat he
kept the physician on his stuff for so
long a period, notwithstanding the
warnings given him. Maceo used to
say that Zertuohs's fault wo hi
drinking Imbit. At the time the fa
moua Cuban commander was killed,
Zertucha was cha'ged with leading him
and his party into the fatal ambush,
hut he issued a long statement in which
he tried to show that Maoeo met his
death in battle in the usual way. Zer
tucha also bitterly assailod the honor
of the Cuban loader. After the kill
' iug of Maceo the dishonored physician
was allowed to go free by the Span
iards, and it was said, and generally
believed, that hi pocket were well
lined with Spanish gold.
Kill of a South Ha llmul.
I Abont si week ago John F. Hobbs,
a citizen of South Carolina, was cast
upon the island of Illlka, in the South
sea. He lived among the natives, for
ha could not got away then. Be
taught the tiiioivH'.zed people many
things and Instructed them in arts un
known to them. So, when a year later
their king died, he was chosen to rule
over the four islands. Mr. Hobbs had
a commission to the World Fair and
to the Atlanta exposition. While In
New York hist year In May on hi way
to Australia, and his far-off kingdom,
he met Mis Ella Collin and made her
his wife, wife ot King Oumalca, of
ika, and postponed hi trip to this
dom. But now, a soon as the
..' prinoea is able to go, the royal
iiiiiiily will begin the Journey. The
natives of the island of lllika nra akin
to the Sainoans. It is said Mr. Hobbs
once refused an offer by England of
1 5,000 and a knighthood tor hi little
kingdom. ' ,
It i reported that quite a serious
landslide occurred in the neighborhood
of tho Seven Devil, below Cape Arago,
during the reocut storm.
TOPICS FOR FARMERS
A DEPARTMENT PREPARED FOR
OUR RURAL FRIENDS.
(rotcctWmtheaHnlen iuCold Weather
-How to Cur II am-The riaj' Tall
a Uael.a Aipendaii-Whltawhluil
Apple Tree la of Mo Advantage.
Winter I'rofsctlon.
If we could bo sure of a continuous
coat of snow from December until
March, there would be little need of
providing liny other kind of protection
In t'jo garden Rgalust cold, for snow la
nature's own protection and one of the
very best winter covering for all
plants. It is because of the perfect
shelter afforded by snow durlug the
winter In the arctic regions that the
short summer them reveal such mar
vel of floral beauty. For the same
reason, many a idant that 1 wintered
with soma difficulty lu the Culled
States or England, seems to thrive per
fectly without attention lu Siberia or
Labrador. Now, the lesson to learn
from tills, whenever the snow coat Is
uncertain. Is that lu such place a snow
covering lie approximated a nearly a
possible. This tuny be done very well
by the use of soli, or better yet, uy soil
tut about two Inches thick and laid
over the things to ho protected. Take
It lu the cure of monthly rosea or tiie
Bourbon. Bengal and Polyantha class
es, If such be bent to the earth and be
completely covered with sod they will
winter surprisingly well usually. The
same I truo of protecting pampas
grass, chrysanthemums and the like.
for the border of hardy flower we
have alway found that It Is good treat
ment each autumn to apply a" shovelful
of couqwHt or a forkful of manure over
the roota of every subject, however
hardy. The great advantage of any
kind of winter covering Is that it pre
vents alternate freezing and thawing,
whleb haa a bad effect on the roota of
plant by causing heaving. Even the
hardiest plant may receive severe lu
Jury iu this way, and this I the reason
why we advocate covering all such. In
the small fruit garden the same kind
of covering over the roots ot plant and
hushes Is beneficial. VIek's Magazine.
Curing Hum.
Take the ham and shoulder and
cheeks, rub them well with suit ou both
sides, lay on a declining board so a to
have drainage, and cover the flesh well
with salt. Take a lot of Hue saltpeter
and work In at end and around tne
center houe. Let them bo three to four
day. Have a clean barrel ready, clean
oft the bloody salt from the meat, pack
In the barrel rind downward aud vut-
ward, pour and cover with a brine of
pure aalt and water that will bear up
an egg. Ham from lings weighing 2.KJ
to 2HO pound dresHcd weight should
remain lu this fourteen days only.
Take them out, let drain and dry two
or three day, then smoke llieui. Boon
after kmoklng cover and sew up In any
kind of clean cotton cloth, and have
a barrel of dry, clean wood ashes
ready. Cover the bototra with three or
four Inches of ssIifs, lay Jn oue layer
tue bent you can and cover again with
ashes, so no meat come In direct con
tact with other plows, until all are
packed and covered. Keep the barrel
In some outhoiiHe from tho Influence
of moisture. : Ours Is kept lu the
smokehouse, and the other day our
city cousins and the doctor ate dlnuer
with us, and we had ham from Decem
ber, tWW, and they all declared It first
class. Indiana Farmer.
llorklna Tall of Pin.
The tall of the pig appears to tie a
wholly useless appendage. It 1 too
ihort to be of any service In brushing
tway files, and piggle accordingly roll
himself in the mud to emil his body and
relieve It of these torments. It Is com
mon to dock pig's tall when the pigs
ire seven or eight weeks old. There
does not appear to be much pain from
the operation, and that only momen
tary. In fact, so little sensation bus the
extremity of the tall that where- rat
were ntiiueroua they have been known
to gnaw at the tails of fattened hog,
which could not be done were this or
eau very sensitive. We knew an o'd
farmer once who snld he always dock
ed his pigs because It took a bushel of
corn to make the tall grow to Its full
length, aud after It was fully grown It
was still good for nothing. American
Cultivator. ' .
Whitewashing Apple Tree.
It was once a common practice with
many orclmrdlsts to whitewash the
trunks of apple trees Just before winter
came on. Wo could never see much
advantage In this, though as more or
less of the rough bark was scraped off
preparatory to whitewashing It de
stroyed some injurious insects that had
prepared to make this shelter their win
ter home. But most of these Insect
would be destroyed by that most valua
ble friend of the orchurdtst and the
grower, the woodpecker, which re
main through the winter for that pur
pose. To kill off Insects by ot her means
Is to some cxteut cheating these useful
friends, provided the work la done In
the full. The whitewashed trunks make
a striking appearance when the trees
leave out In spring. But we could nev
er see that the tree were benefited. A
really helpful wash would be to dis
solve hard-wood ashe In water, and
wash the trunks with this. That would
make no show at ell, but It will clear
the trunk of most Insects, and If some
carbolic acid were put In It, the wash
will be a good one to apply In summer
to rcpell the borer Exchange.
Farm Economy.
Profit on the farm are, consequent
ly, much greater when the averagea
for several year are compared, a each
year must bear it proportion of ex
penses, and a failure to secure a profit
this year may not bo a loss, because
there may be a corresponding reduction
of expense next year. Nor must we
overlook the advantage of the opportu
nity offered the farmer of selling hi
own labor In tho form of some product.
Where a farmer make only a small
profit, but ha derived a fair sum tor
the labor he personally bestowed, hi
gain I greater than the actual profit.
The farm has Increased In value as the
labor or manure or other accretion has
failed to yield ft reasonable cash profit.
On the furui the Item of labor must be
considered according to lis actual cost
a an expenditure. Though the labor
of the furtnur himself ia an Item of
cost, aud must be paid for, yet he pav
)t to hinmelf, mid It reiAily Is profit, bf
ennse of the euiphiynaeut securou ny
him on th farm. For that reason n
small farm, or a small flock or herd.
will always pay more, In proportion to
expense incurred, tlmn large area or
mi Iucnae uf slock. w EnnlauJ
Fanner.
A Koran Crop.
Next to orchard grna the bewt fall
forage crop we can grow I sorghum
-the old-fashioned, lull, bliick suediHl
kind that wua Introduced Into this
country away back during th war.
On fair hind and with proper cultiva
tion this crop will muke fifteen ton
of fodder to the acre, and If planted
wirly will do to begin feeding on the
laat of Auguwt. And there U no wast
age In feeding It. Stalk, blade and
seed are all consumed," and stock be
gins to tbrlve ou It from the day you
begin to feed It. Ami It Is eaidly hau
died. Just cut It up and haul to the
pasture field and the work Is done. If
there Is a surplus, put It Into good,
large, straight shocks, and It will keep
green and fresh up to Christmas; or
haul it In and aland It up lu the burn
or shed awl It will be good fel all
winter. Out up and mixed with ground
oats and corn, there is nothing that
will futte-u stock quicker, and every
thing you feed It to will devour It will)
a reliJi. We alway like to have some
variety, at least, to stock rations In
late fall and winter. With some of
this at hand there Is no trouble expe
rienced In changing animals from grass
to gruln and lisy, aud no loas of flesh
or check iu growth. Ohio Farmer.
i
Cut Feed for Horaea,
Almost all farmers practice feeding i
their horses while at work with cut
hay, moistened and mixed with ground
corn and oats. The bay, says the
American Cultivator, Is much more ens
Uy digested wheu cut and wet, and the
meal on It causes tho horses to more
thoroughly masticate It, as they like
the taste. There Is also tiiui-h less waste
III feeding grain after It has been
ground, especially after the mastica
tion which Is made necessary when cut
hay Is fed with It. and which thorough
ly mixes saliva with the food before It
goes Into the stomach. There Is econ
omy lu steaming cut hay for feeding all
through the winter, when lea men I I
required. When the bay I steamed,
aud corn aud oat meal sprinkled over
it, the flavor of the meal permeates the
cut bay, as it cannot when only cold
water Is used. But care should be tak
en not to give at any time more of this
cut feed than will tie eaten, and espe
cially not to allow poultry to come Into
the stable and soil the mangers and
feeding boxen, as they surely will If the
horse barn Is near the hcuhouse or poul
try Is allowed near It.
Til Baldwin Apple.
While there are different accounts
as to the history of the Baldwin apple,
according to the moat authentic sources
It originated near Boaton, Man., In tiie
early purt of the lawt century. In that
part of the town now called Somer
vllle, on the farm of a Mr. Butters, and
was known for a time, as "Hultera' ap
ple." As tho tree was frequently per
forated by woodiKH-kera, it was also
culled the "woodpecker's apple,"After
wards the trc was freely propagated
by Ir. JalH Brown, of Wilmington,
and by Cohmel Buldwln, of Wobtirn.
lty the son of these genllc-men this
apple was brotinght Into general notice
as the "Baldwin." While for the
northeuatcru States the Baldwin Is
bardly excelled In value as a winter
apple for general purposes. In southern
hit J uiiU-s It liptw rfi autumn for early
winter, ami lose some of lu upright-
linen and good qualities as a tabls
fruit. Agriculturist.
Rcienc of Dulry Feeding,
A dairyman fed a dry cow a measure
of gralu lu tho presence of sunie visit
ors, saying: "With her rough food, this
Is Juwt enough to kcop her In good
health;" then he added: "But when she
Is giving milk, she has the measure
twice full. Once full supports her, and
the second measure Is all transferred
into milk." The Bcleuce of feeding
dairy cows consists lu learning Just
what Is required to kep the dry cow
lu good condition, and when lu lacta
tion, how much more she can oomnime
aud then appropriate, and then provid
ing the food accordingly, remembering
that profit comes only from the exceas
of food consumed aud duly appropri
ated beyoud the amount needed for
fair maintenance. Practical Farmer.
" Handy Mllkinar Stool.
A cast-off oil or varnish can makes
an excellent milking stool. It has a
flexible seat, and Its height can be reg
ulated by staudlng on end or placing
on side. It can be left anywhere lit
the milking yard during a shower, and
will not get soaked full ot water. Be
sides this, the hired man cannot into It
ns a club to abuse the cow, should she
kick him across the yard.
Feeding Pumpkin.
While there Is generally a market for
all the large, ripe pumpkins at more
than their feeding value there are al
ways green specimens that are not sala
ble which are nearly as good tor feed
ing purposes. Itmnovc the seeds and
cook them. All the deficiencies in nutri
tion will be made good by somo meal,
which will be better digested than If
given without the cooked pumpkins. If
the seeds are not removed, the nutri
ment of the pumpkin will be largely
neutralized, as the seeds have a strong
dlurotlc effect. It Is also Important to
remove the seeds from pumpkins fed
row to cows. Even the green pumpkins
may be kept till Jamiaiy If protected
against freezing. American Cultivator.
Poultry Trouble.
The bane of the poultry business Is
that of trying to do twice as much with
poultry as may be expected from any
other pursuit. The temptation to use
1-10 eggs In a 100-egg incubator Is a
common occurrence, and always re
sults In loss. Some persons who desire
too much will put twenty eggs under a
hen that could not more than comfort
ably cover one-halt that number, ony
to lose all of the eggs. Such economy Is
really extravagance, and falls In the
desired results.
Kys for Llcht Sella,
For light, gravelly or sandy loams,
rye Is the best crop to grow. The grain
is In demand at good prices; it is an
easy crop to grow, and if the crop is
threshed out with ft rye thresher the
straw can be sold for flO to $12 per
ton. Tho straw can be baled and
shipped to market. Six pecks of see?
snouid be drilled to the acre.
. . ' . . NKTKI tlONTBNT.
Some people are never content with ony
thing. Thy will it find eioctly what
they' want even in Heaven, if they know
some one Is there ahead of thorn. For In
Uiin, soma i S""1 ""rr front neu
ralgia. Friend have told them what Ik
Ih-xI, and certain to cure them. Not content
with what is wild, they miller on. J'ulu
nivngM nml devtnitiite the system, and
leaven It a barren wiinte. Mt. Jacobs Oil has
cured thousands. JunttryU.
John K.Tiedmoitd, M. P., tho well
known Irish loader, Will ail for this
country (in December 80. He is com
ing to America at tho invitation of
prominent worker in the Irish cause
to annuk on the rebellion of 1798. to
arouse the enthusiasm of Irish-Ameri
can In tha pilgrimage to Ireland next
July to celebrate tho rising.
UHALINO FI.KB.T IM UAMOKR.
It It predicted tlist tli vmwl of the wUnlliif
Deal, mint ol wliiwd underwriter r In Hu
Kraiii luM), have lieen taught In tlia li and
mane may nut hud lliruusli Hi le. Painter
tln-eatenn thin who neuleet what
ca.lrd "irlfllin" silinanM, tar llii-Y inr not Ut
Ihriti Kh the iirlnln. Hiworttu llontetier hioii,
i h II Hern at nur (or Inelpient rheiimalitn,
malaria, I'uinUiMllon. nervoumuM and kidney
vumi'ialul.
In Japanese saws, the teeth mint
toward the handle, and both saw and
piano out toward the workman.
AN OPEN tCTTCR TO MOTHtM.
We are ertln In th court our rluht to the
tolu-ive tie or Hie word "CAHI'OKIA," and
" ftlClilCK'S CASTOK1A," a our tiad Maik.
I. Dr. Samuel Pitcher, of Hysnnl, MaehiretU,
w th orlslutor of " flTCHKR'S C AS TORI A,"
th wnu Umt ha born and doe now bear lb
tac atuillc tignature of CHAS, H. ri.Ul'CllliR on
every wrapper. Tilt l Unoriginal " riTCHKH'B
CAM'rOKIA " which been uaed In the home
Of the mother of America for over thirty year.
Look Carefully at th wrapper and ee lht It la
kinil ym Maw alwavi taught, and ha tha
IgiMtur of CM AS. II. yi.KTCHKR on the
wrapper. No on ha authority from dm to una
my name except Th Centaur Company of which
Cha. M. Fletcher 1 President.
March I, JfyJ. SAMVKI, PITCHES, ILA
Three drops ot a black cat's blood is
a sovereign cure for croup in the folk
lore of some people. -
After toetnir HwlndleS by 1I other, euS uaatamp
f r imrtli-ulnf of Kin Hnlonum'ii Treaaure, th
u-.!. v rwiifwer or manly inwiiein. Amn
I II KM I A I. CO., I', o. Hoi 747, l'hiladelilila, I-a,
'I'iso'n t'ure for Consumption is the beat
oi nil cough cure. ueorge w. lArts, r aou
cher. La., August 20, lH'JO. ;
To Sehlllln' liett t sad baking pewdar.
The oldest married couple in the
United Htatea are Mr. and Mr. Joseph
Manuel of Cape Porpoise, Man. Kite
is OH and ho is 101 years of age, and
I hey have been married 77 year.
Money back if
you don't like
Schilling s Best.
Tea and money
at your grocer's.
A Schilling & Co
San Francisco
era
ILLUSTRATED
CATALOGS
rfi M 1 nmkAeciMi
fw lA.lHUl.l sJVil
180 FRONT Sf
Portland. Or.
CROWN
YOUR LIVEH
Is It Wrong?
Get it Right.
Keen it R'elit
Mixira'a Itwveated Itemedjr will do It. Three
dine wilt mate you feet better, Uet It Irom
your driiKglut or any wliolMe dru hmme, or
front Stewart Sj Helms PrnCo., Seattle,
"If yon dumped
cart-load of gold at my
feet It would n.t brlnir
auch joy and Rladn
lull) my life." So write
a prominent man altee
uaitig the method o
self-treatment that haa
restored ao many mn
who had been wrecked
by em-esMi. over-work
orevfl habit of youth.
, ,. . , tint oooa tnat
make It all plain may be had without cuai'K
by writing THE ERIE MEDICAL CO.,
Niagara St., Buffalo, N. V.
Ho C. O. D. auheme ; no patent medicines--Juit
th book under plain letter seal.
fNOftTMDtNjL
IlLLII
S!Jtbida
free
to all!
HtmmHHs
ft "
I
si -
j j . I
i te V
I - J
HercJss Special
1 uottml horsepower)
Price, only SI8S.
Kodaks.
?$4
FROM
VP.,,
WOOOARD,
Clamks & Co.
Portland. Or.
Catalogue Fre.
RODS o-tr-tn?'
anil InOKtlnr fluid or Bllver
silver
Omu
miiu.
H ..
mme.i irfiwur-. M. I,
llux U)7,kiuUitngtMl,Cu(!U.
Hum inisiii au tut lAdii,
Beat t oviKh Hymn. Thm, (Iihki. tte
M.
in num. iiniirp!..
BMYE SPIRITS BI10KEN.
IIow often women waks tip In tlia
morning cheerful and happy, deter
mined to do so tuuuk bsfur the day
eucis, suiu ye . jujSSh
uorore ine morning -
is very old, the fWl
dreadful HACK-
AC'HK appears,
tha brave spirit
sinks buck la
affright) no
mnttor how
hard shostrug
glen, the
"clutch" M
npon her, she
fulls npon the
couch, cry-Ing-i
-"Why
should I suiter
so? What
can I do?"
Lydla. B.
rin'.thum's "Vegetable Compound"
will stop the torture and restore cour
srre. A 11 such pains come from ft de
ranged uterus. Trouble in the womb
blots out the lipht of the sun at mid
day to a vast number of women. You
should procure Mrs. Ttnhham's Com
pound at once and obtain relief.
Mrs. V. H. Knapp, 603 Wentworth
Ave., Milwaukee, Wis., saysi "I suf
fered with eonreallon of tho ovaries
and inflammation of the womb, Lydla
K. I'iiJihura'S Vegetable Compound
cured the as it will others."
Traveler In Sweden report that the
afreet car in that country seldom stop
for pssaengcr. Both men and women
jump on and off while they are moving,
and accidents are scarcely ever heard
of. . : ..-' - ;
VtUPNKS CANNOT UK Cl'llKD
fix lornl appttcAtlmiR thpy cannot reach the
diijarj !rit ot tiitf fur. T hr la only on
'nv to ci.r riffifiif"!, nrnl Itiat tit b poimtitu
tlniml re n i He , (Jt-KiiiBmi is mi t.y mn In
flfltntnl eoMttitiifii of lite mucmu lining of Che
Kuiv'timn '1 m, When Oil tut U tiiflftmc
fun tmr rnmb)(ti(t ntum. or imtwriVet hear
ing, niitl wlimi ft . entirely vUmi, dcafm-uit if
tltf reiill, anil unlfa ttm inOaiuiiiatfuti can Ire
taken out and UiU tub? mttort to iu normal
condition, hearing witl be itrovet forever;
tilncaiH out ftl ten are rautit.) bv Catarrh,
hlcii I notliltiit but an iittlatiteti coivlitiou ol
tin muemia fttrtitct.
We M1 Ktv3 One Hnrv.rM Dollar for any
raw of tWfDew. frfttiMHl hy catarrh) tltatoamiol
be iu rod by Hail t atarrh Cure 6cu4 Jor cir
cular a; frt.
V. J. rilKKEY c CO., Toledo, 0.
fWd by druKffMa, 7ftc,
Hall'a faiuny Mile are the beet.
Authorittofii of the Knneaa nniveraity
(lUniiflspd all the natural history riant'
on circus Uay recently to euable U.e
tmlenta to study the animals.
IIO MB PItMVCTS AND IT HE rOOI.
All Eastern Pyrttp, so-called, nana 11 y very
light diluted and ot heavy Ikm)', la made from
ghimme. "Trt Unriittt thit" m made from
ftutear t:ane and (a itttlctly pure, it ! for pal
by flrMiiai t?rrfHr, in can only. Maniatv
tured br the IA:tKK Coabt kyki pOo. Alt
uine "t'rq fjrvri-i.ru lrin$" have the manuiao
Hirers nam lithogriiiJtd on every erni.
C. E. Green of Efflngham. Kans.,
tins the Continental currency his great
granthfttther roccived for his services
iu the Revolution.
BROKEN D0YJ1
Men Who Have Wasted the Vital
Power of Youth Who Lack
Vigor Can Be Cured by
Electricity.
VTa.
'.J'n .aJi
It t mailo pel!l to retore yltal utronir'h
to men. Hparka ol life coma Irum It to tha
weakened parta.
SANDEN ELECTRIC BELT CO.
S3 M eet Waahhicbm 8k., 1-ortlaud, Or.
-; fteuw weiiifoa Mi ftiper.
f la bUTllUT akPSHia M AS Si St SB V f.
1 extrmvan0." brcaiuaa the coat
of cultivation waatiHl on IntVrioraMyla
alwava lj.rrvlv miMlsi th nritflnal
coat of Mm heat aJ damtt amta to
be had. Tar boat i alwara (be
Cbeaifr, Pj a tr.oe luora fcur
)
V mm Lo fcav
and stuftft get your maiy'a worth.
iwy me ww, ween Annual mm.
DOWER
r. WM
ah i iii
Uffl u
PROFIT
Power that will save yon money and
make you money, Hercules Engines
are tho cheapest power known. Uiirn
Gasoline or Distillate Oil; uo smoke, .
fire, or dirt For pumping, running
dairy or farm machinery, tbey have no
equal. Automatic ia action, perfectly
sa fe and reliable.
Seod for illustrated catalog.
Hercules Gns
Engine Works
Bay St, Sau Francisco, Cal.
44W4I4
I fltCfiT l'W'ulatliin In n"iU
t J I ( V II I luy ami ell wheat
1 1 Sail I I Hi H8. Fortune lia
Make money by iiiecesfttl
liteaao. "I
heat on mr-
eve Men
mada nu a small liiiiinlnx by trading in
Hire. i rite tor inn particulars, nest oi rwi
erence given. Severnl vear' ex perienee on th.
Chu-aeu Hoard ot Trado. anil a thorough know
leitue ol the builm". Send tor our free refer-eut-e
bonk. 1IOWN1NO, HOPKINS A Vo.,
Chloaga lloitrd ol Trade Brokers. Oflioe In
Portland, Oregon and Seattle, Wanh.
Is ' CHILDREN TESTHIHO.;' taJ
)p Mm wiNs,J,wti!KKvrMtitoaHi-niiiei'iill5f3
t ai:il forphlltlri, IwUiIh. It wwilhMi III i-lillil."l J
I eu th miun. Ur. all win. euivn winit colli-.""
h euft th. (riiHiR, .Uars. all lwin. cuwa wind ooticsW'" J
r butt!., it tmiti- bt or sit. jfcA tv1
N. I. K. U
1 ' AV,UCN vrlllnff to advariieere
ill moiiHoii UiU nauer