St. Helens mist., November 13, 1914, Image 3

V
I
ROADS WILL
HELP THE
Vommon Cirrlar Will Co-optrat In
Marketing Farm Product Middle
Man Charge Higher Rat
tor Handling Farm Than
Factory Produota.
By Peter Radford.
lolumr National Fanneri' Ualoo.
The leading railroad ayitema of the
Valon will establish market bureaua
o auiet the farmer along their
littoi In marketing their produota.
Many roads have acceded to the re
quest of tho Farmer' Union and an
uouncid tholr willingness to enter
Into acllvo co-operation with the far
uion In markotlnf their products.
Tho express compaulee have aur
rrjrrd the field and the Federal Qov-
crmm-nt, throuKh tho purcel post,
!:: diinonatratod the possibility of
t'jy common carrier as a useful ugoncy
la marketing furm commodities.
I ecnalder tho action of these giant
huilui'us concern In dutormliilag to
fiHipiTiite with the fanner In mar
keting their crops, to be the greatest
induct of b-:nun thought on the
Western hemisphere during the past
year, mid It dumoiistratus that the
rducatlnnul work of the Farmers'
Union has brought the nation to a
clearer underwtundlug of the real
liiobUm of the farmur.
To lilve Information on marketing
It fur more valuable than to give
cdvlco on production. Thore la a mu
tual Interest between the railroads
uiid t!io (armor which cannot exist
IkUccii any other lines of Industry.
Tho iiillrouds are the teamstor of
ai;rlullure, and they are employed
only when thore Is somothlng to bauL
Od prices will do more to Increase
tuuti.iKo than any other factor, and
itillri-udi want tonnage.
Agriculture has many Inherent dla-
idvuiingc which require combined
tlterl to (.vcrcoino In marketing.
Here uro millions of producing unlta
work. ii u Independently and selling
witlu.ut knowledge of market condi
tion. The hurvest la once a year,
uhlln cntmumptjon Is pretty even
ly distributed throughout the entire
cur, mid moHt of the farmors.
t! .roti;;h custom and necessity, dump
Ihilr entire crop on the market as
to.. n an It Is gathered. Tho problem
! t.rur.nlzlng aud systematizing the
uaikut Is one In which the fanner
I ivite iiHKlBtnneu of all lines of In-
(. t y friendly to their Interests.
Farmers Dear the Burden.
'f ! ! bualiioHM of the manufacturer
I iuIb Itself more readily to organlza
II. n and tho facilities for studying the
market aro mure easily available. The
r.biilt is Hint the merchants are com-
t It-iJ to Imndlo munt siuplo mnnufac
t I'd urlieles at very littlo profit, and
u a consequence tho merchant must
look id product which he buys di
rect from the farm far hie profits.
T..u reports of tho Federal Depart
ment of Agriculture Bhow some very
lutercstlug Information and enable
t comparison between tho cost of
marketing products of the farm and
those of the factory. A few items
Kill serve to Illustrate the general
run. The cost of getting sugar from
llio refinery to tho consumer la 9
tents on the dollar; tho cost of get
ting tobacco from factory to con
tainer Is 14 cents on tho dollar. In
idling a dollar's worth of eggs the
middleman gets a profit of 50 cents
on the dollar. In selling a dollar's
worth of potiitocs, tho middleman
makes 70 cents on the dollar; In soil
ing a dollar's worth of fruit, the
middleman got 84 cents on the dol
lar, and on cantaloupes 82 cente.
Farmers' Uulletln No. 670, published
by the United State Department of
Agriculture, la discussing this subjoct,
sul.t :
The high price paid by consumers
raiding from 6 to 500 per cent, In
oiiie coaes, more than tho farmer re
ceives, Indicates that thera I plenty
of room for lowering tho cost of
'arm product to consumers and at
the same time largely Increasing the
cash Income per farm, without In
creasing furm production. This condi
tion Is undoubtedly a marketing prob
lem which will have to be solved by
better organization of farmors and
In. proved mothods of marketing."
Large Shlppors Influence Rate.
In rullroad rate the Inequalities
are equally as flaring. Rate making
In Its primitive stage was largely
Influenced by demands and argument
of large shippers, but the farmors
wero unorganized and seldom ap
peared before rate-making bodies, and
the burden of expense in transporta
tion' lies largely against the raw
prndtftts of tho farm.
., In banking, our securities are dis
criminated agnlnst, as compared with
the products of the factories and
mines. The farmer Is entltlod to a
"mure deal. The farmer Is more In
terested In good prices aud efficient
service than he is In rate.
RADFORD REAPPOINTED
Fort Worth, Texa. Presldont Cha.
S. I'nrrctt of the Farmers' Educational
And Co-operative Union of America
has announced the reappointment of
Peter Radford a lecturer of the Na
tional Union during the coming year.
Extensive plans have been outlined
for publicity work throughout the na
tion to be curried on through Mr. Rad
ford's department. Thl publicity
work will be modeled on the Una of
the educational work done in Texa
on the subjoct of farm problems,
THE RURAL
CHURCH
THe FARMER8 THE CUBTOD'AN
OF THE NATION'8 MORALITY.
Co-operation of Church, 8chool and
Pisss Essential to Community
Building.
By Peter Radford.
Ltolurur National Farmers' Union.
The church, the press and the school
form a triple alliance of progress that
guides the destiny of every commun
ity, state and nation. Without thera
civilization would wither and die and
through thera life may attain Its groat
eat blessing, power and knowledge.
The farmers of this nation are greatly
Indebted to this social triumvirate tor
their uplifting Influence, and on behalf
of tho American plowman I want to
thunk those engaged In these high
callings for their able and efficient
service, and 1 shall offer to the pros
a series of articles on cooperation
between these Important Influences
aud the farmers In the hope of In
creasing the cfllilency of all by mu
tual understanding and organized ef
fort. We will tuke up first tbo rural
church.
The Farmer Are Great Church Guild
ers. The American farmer Is the greatest
church builder tho world has ever
known. He Is the custodian of the
nation' morality; upon hi shoulders
rests the "ark of tho covenant" and
he Is uioro responsive to religious In
fluences than any other class of clt
Itenthlp. Tbo farmers of this nation have
jullt 170,000 churches at a cost of
liGO.ouO.OOO, and the annual contrlbu--Ion
of the nation toward all church
ustllutlous approximates $200,000,000
ler annum. The runners of tho Unit
jd Btutes build 22 churches per day.
there ore 20,000,( 00 i Mial church com
nunliants on the farm, and 64 per
:rnt of the total membership of all
churches reside In the country.
The furm Is the power-house of all
progress and the birthplace of all that
is nuble. Tho Cardun of Udon was
'.n the country an J the man who would
.ct clone to God must first gut close
.3 nature.
Th Functions of a Rural Church.
If the rurul churches today are go
ng to render a service which this age
iemande, there i.iust be co-operation
letweeii the rell.-.lous, social and eco
.omlc life of the community.
'1 ho church to attain Its fullest tcea
uio of success r.iuBt enrich tho lives
f . the people In the community It
erves; It must build character; duvel
p thought and l::cre;.bo tho efficiency
f human lire. It must servo the so
cial, business and Intellectual, as well
is tho splrltuul and moral side of life.
If religion docs not make a mun more
capable, more useful aud more just,
what good Is It? We want a practical
religion, one we can live by and farm
by, as well as die by.
Fewor and Better Churches.
Rlesscd Is that rural community
which hue but ono place of worship.
Whilo competition Is the life of trade,
It Is death to the rural church and
moral starvation to the community.
Petty sectarianism U a scourge thut
blights the life, and church preju
dice saps the vitality of many com
munities. An ovor-churched commun
ity Is a crime against religion, a seri-
jus handicap to society and a useless
tax upon agriculture.
While denomination are essential
and church prldu commendable, the
high teaching of universal Christianity
must prevail If the rural church Is to
rulllll Its mission to agriculture.
Wo frequently have three or four
churches In a community which Is not
ubla to adequately support one. Small
congregations attend service once a
month and all fail to perform the re
ligious functions of the community.
The division of religious forces and
tho breaking Into fragments of moral
effort Is oftttmed little loss than a
calamity end defeats the very purpose
they seek to promote.
The evils of too many churches can
be minimized by co-operation. The
social and economic life of a rural
community are respective units and
cannot be successfully divided by de
nominational lines, and tho churches
can only occupy this Important field
hy co-operation and co-ordination.
The efficient country church will
definitely serve Its community by lead
ing in all worthy effort at community
building, In uniting the people In all
co-operative endeavors for the gen
eral welfare of the community and In
arousing a real love tor country life
and loyalty to the country home and
these results can only be successfully
accomplished by tho united effort of
the press, the school, the church and
organized farmors.
THE RURAL TEACHER
Bears Heavy Burden of
Civilization.
' By Peter Radford.
Lecturer National Farmors' Union.
With the new development of rural
life, there comes the demand for In
creased educational facilities and the
Impulse of universal education which
1b swooping the country calls for iu-
:
I """Kern ana conr "TPiert ieaaersoip
... i lumi ocnoois. it is upon the
rural lonelier that one of the heaviest
buidons of civilization fulls, for not
only must he lay the foundation of
educutlon. but hn miIRt nllin Itiatlll Inln
I the pupils the real love for country
winch will hold him on the
furm and help to stem the townward
tido.
In the city, the tcuchcr 1 a cog in
the vast wheel of educational machln
ory; in the country he Is the wheel.
It Is he who must mold the character,
Inspire the Ideals and shape the des
tiny of the farm boys and girls, and
If he Is fitted by nature for the taask,
not only will tho results of his ef
forts be reflected In the pupils, but
gradually the whole community will
be leevoned with a new ambition for
progress.
He can organize around the school
the main Interests of the boys and
girls and develop the Impulse for co
operation, which In time will displace
I th old commtltlve individualism and
( make rural social life more congenial
, ond satisfying. The possibilities fc
muklng the rurul school the social
. and economic center of the commit-
nlty are almost endlesB, and the facul-
ties of the rural teacher muy have
run play, for It will tuke all his time
and ingenuity If he attains the full
meoutire of success.
L
Government Aid Sought In Marketlnj
Cotton Work of Peter Radford
Commended.
Fort Worth, Texas. The eleventh
annual meeting of the Farmers' Edu
cational and Co-operative Union of
'America came to a close In this city
I today. More than two thousand dele
gates wore present, representing th
! varlnna Rtnta nrnnnlfnllnni anA luiff.
(ring an area from coast to coast and
from tho great lakes to the gulf.
President Chas. S. Darrott, presid
Id over the sessions and Introduced
the various speakers. The keynote
of the convention was the action of
the convention In aukiug government
al aid In financing the cotton crop of
the South.
"Tho greatest crisis In years,
brought on by the European war,
faces the United States," said Presi
dent Barrett in his opening addiess.
"There is only one thing to do and
that is for the United States toveru
ment to buy three or four million
bales of cotton at not less than ten
cents a pound from the farmers of
the Eouth to be held until a higher
price may be obtained and, when sold.
the profit, minus the expense of hand
ling to be remitted to the farmers."
The convention went on record as
favoring the Henry bill Introduced
before Congress recently, which
favors the buying of cotton by the
government as a relief of the pres
ent situation. This bill was drafted
with the co-operation of President
Barrett, who believes that It fully
covers the situation.
Provision was made for tho rr.Ulng
of a fund of $200,000 tor the purpose
of maintaining a committee to devise
plane for relieving the depressing
results of the European war. Thl
committee will Include member
from every organized state, together
with the national officials and the na
tional executive committee. The com
mittee will be In charge of Peter Rad
ford of Texas, who was "appointed
chairman, and before the adjournment
of the session more than $10,000 of
the fund had already been pledged.
A resolution was passed condemn
ing the present war and recommend
ing the establishment of an interna
lional parliament and an International
court, looking to universal peace and
good will between the nations of the
world.
Child Labor Condemned.
A resolution wae passed endorsing
the bill providing for the elimination
of products from Interstate commerce
which are manufactured In factories
employing children less than fourteen
years of age or thoso employing chil
dren under sixteen yeurs of age more
than eight hours.
A marketing plan Introduced by
Harry Tracy of Texas In which a
practical system of marketing farm
products was outlined was heartily
ondorscd by resolution.
Union Officials Endorsed.
Referring to the work of the offi
cers of the Farmers' Union, Mr. Bar
rett paid a high tribute to the manner
In which they have co-operated with
blm. "They have stood steadfastly
by me In every call to duty," said
Mr. Barrett, "and in every endeavor
for the general good. They are true,
faithful and conscientious men. I
want to pay especial tribute to One
Individual, Peter Radford. It I should
be asked to name one man In the
Union who has done more to lighten
my own load, who stood ready day
or night for service, who doesn't
even wait for the distress signal, then
I'd have to say Peter Radford. Hon
like Peter Radford keep one' faith
sound, bis couruge high and renew
belief In humanity."
Union Growing Rapidly.
President Barrett stated that the
Union was fast growing in number
and in strength. Twenty-seven state
in the Union are included In its mem
bership and the total number of mem
bers aggregate more than eight mil
lion. It is the boast of the Union that
all Ite members are men who are ac
tual farmers and that no one who doe
not till the soil, Is eligible for mem
bership In the organization.
The officials of the Union were
unanimously re-elected for the coming
year as follows: C. S. Barrett, Geor
gia, presldont; A. V. tfwltt, woe pres
ident. CMgoni ICVG ""ijaWi
WEEKLY INDUSTRIAL IlKVIKW.
New Payrolls, Improvements, Fact
ories, and Enterprises That Will
flve Employment to Labor
Mutters Affecting InriuHt
rles and Investments.
Salem, Ore., Nov 9 Vl stute de
cided the fate of several no.' Court
houses and Normal Schoole.
Cargoes of lumber leavj Newport
regularly for Sa"n Pedro.
La Grande has a new Industry
for manufacture of fruit by-products.
Hood Rivevr is erecting an apple
evaporating plant. -
The Portland recall fell flat. The
people voted no.
The new hotel at Sutherland has
been opened to the public.
A significant fact of the recent
elections was the prominence of in
dustries. Porter Bros, are planning to build
a sawmill near Gardiner.
Geo. Melvin, of Eugene begins
work on a $16,000 hotel at Florence.
A new bridge across Thorn Hol
low, Umatilla County, Is to cost
$18,000.
G. O. Richardson, of Adams, is
manufacturing 200 dozen brooms
from a crop of five acres broom corn.
An excursion celebrated the open
ing of the Willamette Pacific, No
vember 10.
Under direction of a government
expert, candy Is being made from
apple syrup.-
Roseburg housed 200 unemploy
ed and the 8. P. Co. hauled them
away on its trains.
Eugene woolen mills have large
contracts for fabrics for the Euro
peon war.
A $40,000 bridge is to be built
across Nehalem river at Wheeler.
By the last statement, the City of
Portland had SI, 834,780 funds on
hand. .
November 5 Portland opened the
new National theatre.
The F. E. Wray farm near Silver
ton has Just completed a Silo 16 feet
In diameter and 34 feet high and it
will hold 140 tons feed.
Alvadore in one year has built 41
houses, a $6,000 school, a creamery
and cannery.
The new concrete apartment
building to be erected by C. C. Hitch
cock at Seattle will cost $100,000.
Ashland will spend $20,000 en
larging her water and light plant.
The Stanley-Smith Lumber Co
has 25 men ct work in its new mill
nt Green Point, Hood River County.
The Oregon City paper mills cut
their time to five days per week, but
shortened shifts to employ sixty
more hands.
Olf Johnson has opened the Pen
dleton creamery.
An $18,000 apartmentbulldlng it
going up on tho Sandy road.
James Hays, a Eugene hop buy
er will build a fine residence at Eu
gene. Amity Is planning to build water
works. A. K. Detwleler, a banker of To
ledo, Ohio, has purchased an entire
town for $45,000. The town is
Grand Dalles, Just across the Colum
bla river from The Dalles, Ore. It
comprises 300 acres, a water plant
and a few buildings.
Detweller says he intends to build
up a manufacturing town with peo
pie from. Ohio and California, who
prefer northern climate.
Grand Dalles was originally laid
off for a manufacturing city and
large buildings were put up for shoe
factories, tanneries and other Indus
trios, Excursion trains were run
from tlje East and many lots sold on
the highly-colored statements of a
Baptist minister and promoter of the
Early Eighties.
The voters of tho recent election
had one purpose to kill any and all
laws which tend to retard the
growth aud development of business
enterprises.
Lumber industry output at all
Oregon seaports is increasing.
G. M. Grimes will erect a business
block at Seaside. E. Ktlfeather will
also erect an apartment.
Al Ayers in Morrow spent $20,000
In improvements on his mill but ow
ing to the passage of certain laws in
the paBt, closed down and says he
will never open It again. The result
of last election should please him.
The first of the two Hill steamers
to ply between Astoria and Frisco
1b to make a trial spin the last of this
month.
Now Hill StjniNhlp Line Oregon's
Latent In -"trial Acquisition.
The Great Northern, the first of
the Hill ocean greyhounds to be com
pleted, will be ready to take her trial
spin by the latter part of next month
and she will be ready for. her trip
from Philadelphia to Astoria via
Panama canal not later than Janu
ary 25.
This was the word brought from
Philadelphia by L. C. Gilman, presi
dent of the Hill lines in Oregon and
chief executive of the Great North
ova Pacific Steamship Company,
which wil operate the palatial pas
senger steamers between the Col una -
bla river and California. This is
the first time Mr. Gilman has had a
chance to Inspect these twin levvia
thans which are being built at a cost
$5,000,000 at the Cramp shin
building yards.
'The Great Northern is structual
complete right now," said Mr. Gil
iy
man. "All she needs now is her
decorations installed. While her
sister ship, the Northern Pacific,
was launched only a short time ago,
she was much further along struct-
rally when she took her maiden
dip than was the Great Northern,
and the Cramp people definitely
assured me that the Northern Paci-
fic will not be more than six weeks
behind the Great Northern, so that
she ought to be ready to start for
the Coast by March 1.
"Calvin 8tone, the new traffic
manager of the operating company,
s now in New Yorlt and Philadel
phia arranging for obtaining a full
cargo of freight and a big passenger
list for the steamers on their trips
through the Canal to the Coast, and
he will not have any trouble in get
ting the business from all present
Indications.
LAND PRODUCTS SHOW
Portland, Ore., Nov. 14, 1914.
(Special.) Portland's greatest ex
position, the Manufacturers' & Land
Products show, ha brought under
one roof In Oregon' metropolis the
greatest array of products of the soil
ever assembled in the United States
besides magnificent displays by the
leading manufacturers.
Thousands of people from all over
the Northwest have viewed the ex
hibits and pronounced the exposi
tion the most successful ever held
west of Chicago. The display of
fruits, grains, grasses and vegeta
bles has never been equaled at any
exposition of the Kind in recent
years. During the last two weeks
many cities and towns of the states
have had speclaldays at the fair, in
cluding the Willamette Valley coun
try, Tillamook county, Clackamas
county, Woodburn, Forest Grove
and other places.
The exposition will not close its
doors until November 14, and from
November 8 until the closing night
there will be many programs of in
terest. The working exhibits are of
the highest character and testify to
the large number of articles manu
factured in Oregon with the "Made
in Oregon" label going to all parts
of the United States and foreign
lands.
Besides the manufacturers' ex
hibits and the fine display of fruits,
grains, grasses and vegetables, the
hourly programs and special feat
ures have proven a great drawing
card and there is something doing at
the exposition afternoon and even
ing. Twice during the closing week
many valuable exhibits will be dis
tributed by the exhibitors. On Fri
day November 13, a Chinese baby
Bhow will be one oi the unique feat
ures and musical attractions of a
high class order are daily attractions
at the show.
i The last week will bring to the ex
position The Dalles, Hood River,
and other special days. The exposi
tion is well worth sr visit and rail
road rates are an extra Inducement
tor all to see the big exposition.
WEIGHT OF HOGS LEADING
FACTOR
Most Profitable to Producer and
Dealer Alike are the Near 200
Pound Pigs.
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor
valis, Ore., Nov. 12,. 1914. Proper
weight of hogs is considered the
most important factor in Judging
its value, based on the score cards
prepared for the use of public school
children in judging hogs. The reas
ons for this, says Professor Samson,
the O. A. C. swine specialist who
made up the value points, is that the
over-weight pig cuts up to poor ad
vantage and the under-welght pig
is likely to be a loss to the producer.
The best weight, that brings the
highest market price per pound, Is
from 175 to 225 pounds, and the
nearer the 200-pound mark the
the better.
Although conditions, that is,
carrying the fat evenly distributed
over the necessary parts of the car
cass, is marked as high as weight on
the scote card 20 points but the
cut for variation is double for over
weight and has the same value in
under weight. Thus it is seen that
really the highest value is placed
upon the desired weight.
The value of" other points on this
score card is as follows:
Weight, 20; condition 20; quality
10; dressing per centage, 10; form,
10; face, 3; ears, 1; neck, 2; jowl,
1; shoulders, 2; brisket, 1; legs, 2;
chest, 4 h back and loin, 4 ; sides, 3 ;
rump, 1; hams, 3; hind .legs, 2.
Total, 100.
For Sale. Three choice lots In
Railroad Addition. Lots are adjoin
ing and in desirable location.
N. H. KINNEY,. St. Helens.
THE RETURN OF SANITY.
By Major V. W. Barber. ,
When the horrors of the European
war commenced to percolate through
the American brain a mighty protest
went up from one end of this coun
try to the other.
Soldiers were denounced a mur
derers, as barbarians, as unfit to en
cumber the earth. Insistent and ve
hement demands were made for dis
armament and international peace.
Ministers thundered from the pul
pit, orators howled from the atump,
excitable citizens declaimed in the
public streets and even the great
newspapers of the country led the
way in the march of Bedlam. It was
the popular cry of the hour.
If perchance some isolated mav
erick with an over abundance of
nerve timidly suggested that the
country was in need of better meas
ures of protection, that relic of bar
barism was forth-wlth cast from the
fold of the righteous as a thing un
clean. The nation was mad quite mad
literally insane on the subject of
peace. And not entirely without
cause.
But the.first shock and nausea has
pased away, and, as is customary In
this country, the people have paused
for second and more sober thought.
The sanity of the nation is returning.
People are beginning to realize the
peril that confronts us as a country
practically without the power of re
sistence. The public eye is becoming opened
to the fact that the American con
tinent offers many tempting induce
ments to an army of invasion from
foreign countries. The people are
becoming reconciled to the fact that
unless we place our country in a
state of adequate national defense
we are in grave danger of feeling
the irou heel oft he would-be con
querer, of sharing in a measure the
fate of teh unhappy Belgian.
Peace loving American have been
staggered at the millions of troops
being placed in the field by the war- '
ring nations of Europe, of the ter
rible engines of destruction at which .
the world stands appalled.
In the United States we have but
a handful of troops, and at best we
have the arms and equipment for a
maximum army of not to exceed
500,000 men. Our coast defenses
are lamentably weak, and our navy
Is so small we would be powerless
to prevent the landing of the vast
hosts of an invador. Tho demons of
the air could hover over and blow
us into eternity, for wj have no
morns of checking them.
These disagreeable facta are com
ing forcibly home to the people, now
that they are taking time to calmly
consider conditions as they exist.
Men and women who a few weeks
ago were denouncing wirs and '.hose
who fight them, are today demand
ing that congress tak-i prompt meas
ures for placing the country in an
adequate state of defense.
Thirty days ago but few of the
leading papers of the country had
the courage to speak In behalf of de
fensive measures. Todai a strong
demand is going up from tite press
in all part of the country.
But this attitude of the press
simply reflects the mma of ihe pub
lic, for the people themselves are
awakening to the fact that their own
ultimate salvation depends upon v
some measure of prompt and effec
tive action by congress.
If this country should become In
volved in war with some powerful
foreign country, or a combination of
them, we would not recover from its
effects within the life of the present
generation.
It would cost us a million Uvea
the flower of our young manhood,
cities would, be laid waste or held
up for enormous ransom, the coun
try side would be devasted, and the
pecuniary loss would mount high
into the billions of eollars. '
. Business would demoralize, fact
ories would be closed, millions of
people would be out of employment
and want and starvation would face
the poor.
Financial panio would ensue, the
weaker banks of the country would
go to the wall, and the rich would
hoard the wealth of the country and
withdraw it from circulation.
And this ia only a portion of the
appalling havoc which would over
take the country.
But prompt and effective meas
ures for the national defense would
preclude the imminence of such a
calamity.
Are YOU in favor of national de
fense and security? Or do you favor
"turning the other cheek" for a
knockout blow?
It Is one ort he other. "1
POSTAL BUSINESS DONE AT ST.
HELENS. ,
. -1
Amount of deposits made
July 1st to Ootober 1, 1913 $3854
Julyl, to October 1, 1914 B901
1914 deposit exceded 1913
deposit. lit?
Total amount now on deposit
$10,208.