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About Oregon daily emerald. (Eugene, Or.) 1920-2012 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 13, 1994)
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For more information, call UO Athletic Department at 346 4481 Nobel science prizes awarded STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) — An American and a C JHifidiun. who developed a method for studying the building hlocks of matter, won the Nobel physics prize Wednesday, and an American whose research led to more efficient and cleaner fuel won the chem istry prize. The physic s prize will he shared by Clifford G. Shull of the Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology and Bertram N Brockhouse of McMasier Univer sity in Hamilton, Ontario Both researchers, pioneers in the field of neutron scattering, developed neutron spec troscopy, a method of studying atoms, the elements that make up matter The sole winner of the $930,000 award for chem istry wa* George A. Olah, 67. of the University of California in Los Angeles Olah revolutionized the study of hydrocarbons, the ingredients of oil and natural gas. and uncov ered new ways to use them In the early 1960s, he and his colleagues dis covered that extremely strong acids, called supers* ids, could be used to modify hydrocarbons so they were easier to study. His work has a prominent position in all mod em textbooks," the Koyal Swedish Academy of Sci ences said in a statement announcing the award It has allowed improvements in combustion engines by raising the octane of fuel without adding to pollution, the academy said. It also has enabled scientists to make plastics and other petroleum-based products with less damage to the environment. "Hydrocarbons are the ingredients of oil and nat ural gas." Olah said. “When you fill up your car in the morning, it is composed of hydrocarbons." H«> said he was going to "donate" his prize mon ey to his wife "She's overwhelmed. too,” ho said Olah. who was born in Hungary, has 85 patents from seven i ountries. Including four for the trails formation of natural gas into the type of hydrocar fions used in gasoline. Brockhouse. 76, and Shull. 7ft, carried out their research in the* years following World War II at some of the first nuclear reactors A Swedish professor ami member of the Acade my of Sctent es. Karl Erik tarsson, said the nuclear power debate kept the Nobel committee from hon oring the physicists until now "Politic* should not affect us, but we are only humans." Larsson said, Ironically, Brockhouse and Shull were never interested in nuclear power. They merely used the primitive researt h reactors to study how neutrons an* Mattered when bouncing against atoms The ground breaking research led several gov ernments and institutions to pour billions of dol lars into spec lal facilities for neutron scattering Scientists at some of the facilities even won Nobel prizes before Brockhouse and Shull. (ioorg Bednorz and Alexander Muller, at the IBM Research Laboratory in Switzerland, won in lftH7. Pierres-Gilles do Gennes at the College da France won in Iftftl. Recently, researchers have started to use neutron scattering to study virus and DNA-molecules. I-ars son said the method has proved useful in the detailed study of metal fatigue, crucial to aviation and bridge building. Brockhouse was only the second Canadian to win a physics award, following Richard E. Taylor in 1990 Shull added to the dominance of U.S. cit izens in physics, bringing the number to 59 out of 146. Olah was the 41st American, out of 123 winners overall, to win a chemistry prize. Cult death mystery begins to unravel GENEVA (API — New dues ••merged Wednesday on the deaths Iasi week of 53 members of a doomsday cult, apparently caught in a split between two branches and infighting between cull lenders A Montreal newspaper. 1m Pressc. reported that Canadian police suspected Joel Egger and Dominique Bidtaton were the killers of n three-member family, the Dutoits. found stabbed to death in a Itixurs apartment near Montreal. Sw iss police confirmed that Kgger. a 35-year-old Swiss, was among the charred bodies found in a Swiss Alpine chalet Hnllaton. a Canadian woman, hasn't lieen identified among the bodies There was reportedly a split between Canadian and Swiss brain lies of the Order of the Solar Temple, as well as infighting between the cult's leaders, who were believed to bo involved in a money laundering and arms rm ke* The Swiss weekly l.'Hebdo said. So:! million in cult money had been transferred to an Aus tralian account held by the set retary of the cult's mastermind, Joseph di Mambro, and that Swiss authorities had asked the Australians to freeze the accounts. Di Mambro, a 70-year-old Irench-Cnnadinn, was one of the bodies in the chalets in Granges Sur Sal van. Sw iss polit » have said that many of the 4H victims in Switzerland were murdered. Of the five deaths in Canada, two were thought to be suicides The cull's apocalyptic Belgian guru, 46-year-old but, Jouret, is wanted under an international arrest warrant on suspicion of murder and premtKiitated arson It is unclear if he is alive or dead The fate of another key figure, loan-Pierre Vinet, a Quubec busi nessman reportedly close to Jouret, also remains a puzzle. He was arrested Inst year when he tried to buy three semi-automat ic pistols. On Tuesday, Sw iss polit»• said the cult's treasurer and one of its main funders, Camilla Pilot, was among IkkIh-s found in a farm house in Cheir\ Pile!, a fiH year old former sales director of a luxury Swiss watch company, was closely linked to Jouret. This prompted Swiss media to speculate that Jouret was more likely among the dead than on the run. But that theory does not explain who posted doomsday documents to news organiza tions in Switzerland and France — including The Associated Press — a few hours after the bodies were discovered. French Interior Minister Charles Pasqua also received a copy. Swiss television reported — without naming sources — that the son of a famous French sportsman had posted the let ters, whir h were given to him by Jouret shortly before the Oct 4 fires. Identification may take weeks because some of the bodies are burned beyond recognition. None of the corpses in the chalet showed signs of being shot. However, police confirmed 1 uesday that a .22-caliber pistol found in the chalet had been used in the Cheirv farmhouse shootings. SPRINGFIELD, SCIENTIFIC SUPPLES HJ4 UK Sunt J UUBDK. w '(503) 726-9176\ I-60CKH4-2047 / UONIHI • « SAf tuft \ Please Recycle This Paper SUNDERLAND 5th STREET | C PUBLIC MARKET VIDEO . _ „ GAM£S 683-8464 - VIDEO ADVENTURE < k VAILIV RrVEft Pi A2A - -... '••* *1* IA-I | " ««*>» •*-* •». *** mu «k/xl kfli it! aTii Ou uuunuuifiiiM..^. DOCKS Tffur at w TANNING CENTER OPEN 24 HOURS l 13th S Patterson ■» 485 2323 WORLD
