Thousands Strike By Air, Sea
In
The
Day's
News
- By '
Frank Jenkins
EDITORIAL PAGE
4 Th News-Revlw, Rot.burg Oro. Sot., Nov. 25, 1961
A TALE OF WOE
By Charles V. Stanton
DEAR ABBY
Abigail Van Buren
Daz'v B'be Heading
Menage By
Roseburg Ministerial
Assn
Nope!
Scripture: Remans 11: I I
The highest privilege of man is
to present his body a living sac
rifice, holy, acceptable unto Cod.
Because this it in obedience to His
loving plea, "I beseech you." That
Something new in the news con
ference line:
At his home Thursday, former
President Eisenhower held the
second of a series of filmed TV j,a( to go unshaven
interview; , 111 wmtii no aiHnua
questions put to him by the net
work interviewers. His answer
are interesting because he i one
of the woild's most distinguished
men.
Yesterday'! big question:
Will Russia attack us?
Ike's answer:
The Soviet Union will never start
a nuclear war because of Ameri
ca's destructive power. In other
words: Russia will not take the
first bite, which we have conceded
to her, because she knows that if
she does she wil'. be destroyed.
What about the Berlin wall?
Ike replied: "I think the erection
of that wall is a CONFESSION OF
WEAKNESS. Because, let US
Karly Friday morning I awoke shivering with cold.
I observed that my electric blanket wasn't working.
When I tried to restart it I discovered that the power was
O't. DEAR ARHV- f .net Snndav I t., DFAB ARBV- Thi. ii in SOS
The house was getting cold. I moved up the thermo- tended a wedding, and would like I am ready to blow my top. Ever Prompts the sacrifice, and it is by j
slut nn the wall before I haooened to think that the fur- " know if what happened there is j since my daughte.- got an engage-l,he mercies of God that this be-1
rmr hail mitnmut ir- el-tiic controls jcustomary and pioper. After thelment ruiC, her boy friend hascome possible, lo present oneself
nace had automatic electllC controls. brute and groom exchanged their practically been living with us. ; living sacrifice to God. one must
Figuring that the power wouldilt be off long, I put marriage vows, he placed the wed-1 He comes here every morning 1 hecome alive to the things that be
some more covers on the bed and piled in. ding ring on her finger and then for breakfast, and takes her to ( of God. "By the mercies of Cod"
n..t u , ; 4 i ii, ff; thei- alill cme ,ne "" whlcn ncld work- He calls for her at work one must be alive to thi mercy
But when t came time to go to the office tneie still lonJer ,han , ,hlnk ., lnd bring, ncr home 0f course he ' of Hii justification, i.e. peace.
was no electricity. icssary. Here is what got me: Aft-lsays for dinner e-.ery night. And pardon. Know the mercy of the
When I Plugged in mv razor, it wouldn't work, SO I," they let loose of each other. I he doesn't go home until it's light I grace and goodness of God. hence
' i llriH.na ilarlnH n s nnl -..,1 I ...l.:. ll I M. U '-lh n.... ' J l i.u
i . ... ai'iauu. i uuuiur. lie ctrq iiiuiks ine ma c luvuucai vi viuu iraueill
have never heard of such a Uiing laundry to do. 1 am fed up. Do I thee to repentance." Know the
in a church. What was the rea-il have to put up with this? Or ' mercy of becoming i new creature
son for it? ' us this the way all the young peo- in Christ Jesus, 11 Cor. S:17; the
HORRIFIED i pie are nowadays? mercy of intercession for "all who
DEAR HORRIFIED: The guests! READY TO SCREAM ' come to God by Him," Ileb. 7:25.
war. prooaoiy moveo oy me "per. ... ., Mercies of His comfort, euirtanr.
and responded accord-! Wand infilling of His Hoi? Sn it
And no breakfast!
At the office I found things in a mess.
We get telegraph news over a teleprinter. It can't
run without electricity. So we were short part of our news
file.
formance,'
.si' v A
lite leased wire operates a rcpcrl orator, it puncnes moly. That kiss was out of placo:Tu,ur "-"' ooosni know t"t0ne aUve tn js 'falthfuj
time for the teletvDretters on the tvnecastine machines. I'" church, and so was the ap-i'' a. working girl (engaged or orh- . ,. ...... A mnA . .
And, of course, it wasn't working.
Hot News, Cold Shop
plause.
.rwis.) dsn'. kr .ibi.,"s- "! 'he d
hours, sh it asking for nervous
DEAR ABBY: When are we 1 oxheuttion. Your daughter should ".Vn pre"
women going , .earn to Wk, "L'!"S ErirX&2
But that wasn't .11 IfSaikiMormcnS, waTt AlMiX J-
Lveryone around the place was cold. Althouph we ,,, ihpir h.hanH. h... hav. ,Jarr.ngt hit own laundry rvi. ?e 18 freedom deherance lrom
hnvft Hpvprfll riiffprpnt hpulintr rinvirp. fill have plprtrie i siav nut hftfailkA thi-tv hnv am fill . But bo fair with him - DerhaDs:lne Power and bondage of sin. not
controls. Even the gas burners wouldn't run. They have 'children to raise, no means of sup-' " "our oaughtor't do
electric safety devices. Iporting themselves and no place I !" p-s-. To much togetherness
v ui. ...cr.-t no. i 'visn 1 hed a dollar fori' ynamiio.
.u nut i;uiiue ;
to go. I -vish I hed a dollar for
To operate our linccasting machines we cast the typeiwas chasing around and living it
remember, that soviet wan was on metal Slugs. Mem' ior me slugs is Kepi molten, nut. up wnne nis wile had to pretend jwhat'i yours For a personal re
not built to KEEP IS ot'T. It it is melted bv electric heaters. Heat is controlled byihe d'dn't know i and just keep py write to Abbv Box 3365 Bev-!,,?,c-b!vU
S KcKI- .THEIR ,PEO:lthermostates. When the electricity goes off. the metal "Till hut'Ae omn ""' ierly Hills. Calif. Enclose a s'tamp
LE hlLftlW" Then it takes a couple of hours for the pots !aMJ'i&!rf.-.d envelope.
because their svstcm. the com- to
munist system, does not keep tneir
people at home."
What of the Soviet people?
ike's reply: ' Sooner or later, the
people of the Soviet Union will get
the word that the Free World is
AGAINST aggression. That know
ledge, when gained, will create
pressure inside the Soviet Union
fur disarmament."
Asked about extremists (John
Bircheis, Vigilantes, etc.) Ike re
plied: "1 don't think the U.S. needs
SL'PER patriots. We need patriot
ism practiced by all of us. We can
Ret along withuut Uio.sc who make
radical statements and attack peo
ple of good repute who are PROV
ED patriots."
He was asked about officers who
try to indoctrinate their troops.
He answered:
"I believe the army officer, the
navy officer, the ai.- officer should
not be talking about political mat
ters, particularly domestically, and
NEVER in the international field
unless he is asked to do o be
cause of some particular position
he might hold.
He added:
"It is had practice, very had,
for an officer, even when testify
ing under oath before a congres
sional committee, to express opin
ions on political matter that are
contraiy to the President's opinions."
"thaw" before we can start casting type.
So our crew stood around trying to keep warm, un-
.able to work.
After a time a circuit was restored. Power came on.
Our dark offices were lighted. Our machines began run
ning. After a time the metal pots began functioning and
we were in business.
In the press room we hat! a first section "laced" on
lhe press. The press started rolling.
Then the power went off again.
The Associated Press, which had been filling us in on
the news we had missed, was notified to hold up.
We went back to doing nothing.
Soon it began to get cold again.
The coffee that had been made during the period when
we had some "juice." quicklv disappeared.
The metal pots froze. The big pot from which stereo
types pour metal to cast pages "frosted" over. Candles
were lit in the newsroom and in the display advertising
department as people struggled to put the newspaper to
gether.
The press run, usually completed m an hour and
half, needed five hours.
and tell the men to go jump in
a lake. We could raise our chil
dren better without these phony i Have A Lovely Wedding." send 50c
fathers. I to Abby, Box 3365, Beverly Hills,
AX ABBY FAN Calif.
slavery: life, not death. "Holy"
He is to see that his body is kept
from all contact with the degrad
ing or sensual, II Cor. 6:17, there
fore, "acceptable to God." Jewish
sacrifices were the best of their
kind; and man must consecrate all
his powers, or God will reject his
offering as a mockery and a sham.
"This is your reasonable service."
the creature should serve the Crc-
TOP BRASS Rear Admirol Gearge C. Towner, com
mondant of the 13 Naval District, is shown here talking
with Copt. Howard C. Duff, Naval Reserve deputy chief
of stoff, at a luncheon in their honor in Roseburg Wed
nesday. ' A number of top-ranking U. S. Novy Reserve
officers accompanied the admiral. Prior to the luncheon,
an inspection of the Roseburg Naval Reserve unit was
held. News-Review Photo).
Petition Urges Modification
Of Harvard Traffic Light
(See Story Page I, Column 4) Hospital and Stewart Park roads.
. I The people protesting also con
A petition urging modification in I tend tne -uninterrupted flow of
the operation of the traffic liaht;,..
For Abbyi booklet, "How Tolol If man wen made to rule. at the intersection of the U.S. Vet-islfe5 0 the makes it very
iv is equally nuc nidi nr wds i erans nopuai entrance anu " - difficult. , . to make a left turn.
Eisenhower Deplores Rise
Of Extremists In U.S.
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
NEW YOKK (AP) Former
President Dwight D. Eisenhower
deplores what he calls "super-pa
triots" and the recent "rise of
extremists" in this country.
He also urged armed forces of
ficers to shun partisan politics.
Among other points covered by
Eisenhower in the second of a ser
ies of filmed television interviews
presented Thursday night over
ahe CBS TV network:
1. He learned at -the first Gen
i eva summit conference that Ni
i kita Khrushchev, and not Soviet
... .. . ... ,, ,. ,, I Premier Nikolai Bulgamn, was
vve were nuue iraniic dv me lime me power came on the bn nf the Soviet deiecatinn
again late in me morninjr.
But, after all, there were some people having jt much
harder than those of us striving; to pet out a newspaper.
Power company repairmen, telephone linemen, and
the crews of sreel and road departments, utilities and
others trot no sleep.
They worked throuph the nifrlit, fiffhtiiifr the extraor
dinarily deep snow to locate and repair damage. Dav-
Crews Kept Busy
licrht revealed a mass of broken trees, burned cables, down
poles and other wreckage to be cleared away. New re
in that reply, he was speaking ! ports of damafre poured in.
oenerai oi ine Army, ine jraie people abused utilities because thev con dn t
shave, cook meals, call their neighbors on the telephone.
"We pay our bills, why can't we have some decent
service?"
"If one more person says that I'll scream," said the
girl at the telephone ft one of our utility offices.
Perhaps it is (rood for us that our utilities do fail us
at times. It makes us aware of how dependent upon them
we have become. Maybe we'll be a little more apprecia
tive of them when they are functioning properly. Too, vve
mair t-ontiva u-hnt a Qwoll in), thov Hn in ni-nviila fni mi
was asked why Stalin's body wi!"'Vf t-...- .
removed from its tomb in Mos-comI0'1, . . ... .... . , , , .,
ii a jusi ime ine newspaper i n can print juu items
without a mistake, but let us put in just one little
misteak somewhere and everyone tells us about it. See,
what we mean?
And, maybe, after all that, you won't be quite so un
happy with us for being late with our Friday edition!
highest military rank in the U.S.
He was speaking as the world's
most distinguished professional sol
dier, Uie man who has handled
bigger armies than any other man
now living.
He was speaking also as an ex
President as a former commander-in-chief
of the armed forces of
the United SUtcs.
In
flash back to Russia, he
cow s Ked Square.
His reply:
"It shows that Khrushchev is
UNEASY about something."
Comment?
How's this:
ISN'T COMMON" SENSE WON-riEKFL'L?
His definition of extremists in
cluded those who would "go back
to eliminating the income tax. . .
made to obey; and in obedience is
his greatest pleasure and profit
I Cor. 6:19 What? Know ye not
mat your body is the temple of the
Harvard Ave. has been submitted l
lost business
otfices and
to the Roseburg City Council. j Business Lost
The petition, spearheaded by "This results in
Pnn VnAl nl lha Wocf Ciria Phnr. ttnr nrnfoucinnnl
Holy unost w hich is in you, which j macy 8d signed by over 100 per- stores) located along Harvard. To
ye have of Cod, and ye are not sons protests the continuous 24- make a left turn into the Veterans
your own? For ye are bought with j hour operation of the traffic signal Hospital entrance, it must be done
a price: therefore glorify God m i -seven davs week regardlesa of: against the red light for there is
your body and in your spirit. I traffi, or ebb. no break in trafic."
-or. a:".-; it,
which are Cod's. I Cor.
any man defile the temple of God, Recommendation Made
and the rights of people to union-j pie ye are.
temple of God is holy, which tcm-
ue . . . and those advocating
some form of dictatorship."
It also included, Eisenhower
said, those who "make radical
statements and attack people of
And be not conformed (fashion
ed) according to this world (age),"
Gal. 1:4. The Lord Jesus gave him
self for our sins that lie might
deliver us out of this present evil
good repute who are proved pa-1 age. Before we were saved we
triots." I "walked according to the course of
Speaking as a general of the th' world- according to the prince
Army. Eisenhower said it wa, , of the power of the air, the spirit
bad practice, very bad" for an
officer, even when testifying.
of i Castro Said Urging
2. The Soviet Union would never
start a nuclear war because
3. Sooner or later the Soviet DnT1niCtll1 TrOUblf
people will get the word that the 'VlllllllVUII IIUUMIC
free world is against aggression
4. The foregoing will create
j The petition also contends the
him shall God destroy: for the. Complaining chiefly to the fact ; LP' k"P i" J " S
that traffic backs up for several foRf,y eveninss and durln moT.
blocks on . Harvard Ave. during , when vlsibillty js Dad.
heavy peaks of the day, the peti
tion recommends the light remain
on continuous green or amber from
approximately 5 p.m. to 7.30 p.m.
on weekdays and all day and night
on Saturdays and Sundays. It also
suggests possibility of a manually-operated
switch for the cross
walks for soecial school events.
The petition states the Harvard
traffic jam is particularly severe
starting about S p.m. and during
the hours of church sessions on
Sunday and that at these times
traffic is light on the Veterans
WASHINGTON (AP) - The
pressure inside "the Soviet Umon ! "lent of Fidel Castro of , ,iong wi,hout Him. Ai
V Luha was rennrten trulav In hj i ,u:
lor uisannameni. ,T . Z TV , . I aaian '"'
5. The erection of a wall be- ' iV a ' . T ,nMer order, its philosophy, (man s ac-
between East and West Berlin is a ' ie lnJ e strlfe-,orn Do"1""-' count of all things), ever seeking
that now worketh in the children
of disobedience." "Fashion"
means: "scheme" of this world-or
der. The devil will rope you into
his scheme, unless you surrender
your body to God; Col. 2:8. I John
2:15-17.
Cain "went out from the pres
ence of the Lord and builded a
city which became filled with in
ventions "progress": music, arts:
its whole end to forget God. get
And ever since.
is fatal world-
sign of Soviet weakness.
jean Republic.
Kennedy Opens
Domestic Meets
Reader
Opinions
Fallout Shelter Talk
Bothers Local Reader
To the Edito,-:
This writer is getting fed up lo
the gills by all the rot about fall
out shelters, and survival in a nu
clear war. We don't hnve a shelter,
nor do we contemplate getting one.
We left Nebraska many yean
ago so we wouldn't have to hike
to the "cyclone cellar" every time
HYANNIS PORT. Mass. (AP) i' clouded up. We hoped that per-
i to eliminate the super-natural and : President Kennedy opened a sonally we wouldn't have to go
K Th ramnual nf th Iwtv nf I'lpiomauc quarters nere saiu h ot rea itlties from tne mina: ana round nf conferences Krulav with uai 10 me -ave .nan se utaii
former Premier Stalin from the i rall broadcasts from Cuba are I its religion (to soothe man's con-1 key advisers on defense spending! While the matter is very con-
tomb in Moscow's Ked Square
shows Premier Khrushchev is un
easy about something.
In connection with Thanksgiv
ing Dav Eisenhower said: "We've
urging the people of the Domini
can Republic to kill President
Joaquin Balaguer and anybody
working with him, and suggesting
science and allay fears of judg-1 cj,'i defense and trade policy. ! troversial. we think a majority nf
got a lot of things to be thankful '", ';;J'
Inr lirl nf ll lhor' nnt - juuis.
war. . . We are prosperous, we're
a free people. . . We are a people
that are respected for our
strength and not only our mili-
have lived in Cuba recently were
Pfinnrlivl rimnt, ivfvlhina miai.
tary strength our economic j bl(. to creae disordcr
strength throughout he world U.S. officials said the Balaguer
In discussing extremists the onvernmenl nH nrnneirmerali,-
former president said:
monii Rut u must be transform-1 The iart nf iho meetings was the honest argument indicates the
cd by the renewing of our minds, delayed for more than hour by belief th;.t it i3 a waste of time
nn. o u,hat i tho linnd mil ' nnnr u-pather uihleh held nn the I and money. However, there is 0n
also that they go into the streets ; acceptahle and perfect will of God. flight of a group of Cabinet offi-1 aspect that was broadly hinted in
'"" For this is the will of lioa, even ciais ana otner aiaes wno came '""" ") i
I i,n..ii..n T ThEi 11 I fmm U'ashinptnn ago.
Within the Dominican Republic. D... v. phinnn The official. Hid nnt reach the! The secretary of Commerce
anti-United States groups organ- rnnireuahonal Christian home of the President's father, thought that if people went to
by Dominican exiles who i ,,.h I former Ambassador Joseph P. spending their money, instead of
j Kennedy until 11:15 a m. i saving n. ana nuying ueiense
First problem on the agenda uonns inai ine economy wouiu
i U.S. trade policy. Secretary ; spruce up. une way ui increasing
Commerce Luther H. Hodge's spending was to alarm the popu-
late added starter for the lace so tney wouui uuua snelters.
ized
groups in the Dominican Republic
I dont think the iniled states appear to be working hard to keep
needs super-patriots. We need pa- down disorders,
triotism, honestly practiced by all Meanwhile. i'.S. Navv vessels
people that are more patriotic continue patrolling just off the Do
than you or anybody else." Iminican coast.
Interim Group Sets
Efficiency Study
Supreme Court Rules
Claim Release Valid
SAI.E.M (AP)-The Oregon Su- SALEM "- "nPt '
preme Court warned today that be made to make the legislature
fraud and misrepresentation arc more efficient, and possibly to
tne oniy ttrounas lor revoking n 8lor,cn , ,M,ions Sam Iaiey
out-of-court settlement of claims , , .. , .. ..
for damages for personal injury. Iw'"' counsel said Friday.
A Portland woman. Mrs. I. K. He said the Legislative Counsel
Wheeler, had sinned a release Committee has named 1 seven
agreeing io settle he- in jury claim I member subcommittee to do the
for S.00. 1 he high court refused jnb
;nrirhe1ra.JtC'Cfo,r0,ot.,h,i -'.Co;"" -iU .urvey
Mrs. W j-clcr, then ) years oW.I" "P""', of 1'11sl4",ve. P"
.mr.,i i,,,, t iqu , t. Itionj. It also might get into the
land. She had stopped at'an inter-l'"",'on ,of bow much supervision
section, and a truck hit her car ,he fr'lture should give to state
from the rear ! "cpanmems io see ll incy are ioi
She signed 'the settlement fiirlowin legislative instructions.
$.'i00, but later, she found that she Members of the subcommittee
had a severe back injury that re-are Senate President Harry Hon in.
quired an operation. .D-Klamath Falls: llouie Speaker
ne inon suca. Itrcun Judge Robert Duncan. D Meilford: Rep.
James W. Crawford ruled in her C. R. Ilovt, R-Corvallis; Sen. Al
favor, outlawing the release. ire Corhett. D-Portlanri; and
But the Supreme Court, in an Rcp. R. F. Smith, R Burns,
opinion by Justice A. T. Goodwin. .... .,. : km ii.
reversed Judge Crawford. ndlf,JXin. h Dee 13
held that Mrs. Wheeler ran collect fir" mw,", hfr I)fc-
only the $."00. i Haley also said that the com
the huh court said that such niittee would revise the Hate laws
release, in which lhe parties re-, dealing with probate matters,
linquuh all future claims, are! It also will do some work on
valid, unicss there is fraud, mis- eliminating ambiguities and incon
conduct or misrepnsentation. sistencies in the laws.
The News -Review
Pyblltkxt I? Ntwl-Ratiaw PvUiikiaf Ce.
S4S S. I. Mala Sr., .me. Oraaaa
The Cartoonist Savs:
Let's You and Him Fight
Khru, Kekkonen
' was a
Hold Parleys
meetine. ioinins Undersecretary I thereby tiving more employment,
of State George Ball: Howard Pe- and finding an outlet for more Ore-
MOSCOW
Khrushchev
terson, the President's trade ad
viser: and Theodore U. Sorensen,
P) Premier! 'be President's special counsel.
n,l Finnish Presi- Secretary of Defense Robert S.
dent Urho Kekkonen conferred in
McNamara was or hand for dis-
gon lumber.
Well, the people are alarmed, all
risht! The papers are full of
"bomb shelters," "fallout." and
'survival" to the extent that manv
ADDYE WRIGHT
Business anoger
DON HAGEDORN
Display Adv. Mgr.
CHARLES V. STANTON
Editor
GECRGE CASTILLO
Managing Editor
Member o( the Associated Press, Oregon Newspaper Publishers
Association, Ui Audit Bureau of Circulation
Entered as second class matter May T. 19.0. at the post office at
Roseburit, Oregon, under let of March 2, 171
Subscription Rates on Classified Advertising Tag
O n?, ,
;&y.'.;: -V' ' "Ji aaiaaaw
. - ;k -.1, r.,. -n n CUSSIOn OI OCienSS DUUgeiing ailU ptvpic ,uuanj utiun m
remote Novosibirsk friclay and an-. . .. innei.ar uar iu.i , th.
nounced their talks w-ere held in, Ro,wpll " ,; (;npatr,c deputy : corner, and we'll be either blown
a spirit of open mindedness. mu-' ,Pcr(.tarv of j(,(ense joined ,ne to smithereens, or burned by atom
tual understanding and sincere Broup commi, (rom Washington ic radiation.
confidence. for ttl, two-hour session with the1 So it seems to this writer that
The secret talks were a su present on the defense budget the most outstanding result of the
preme effort by Kekkonen to find for tne (lscai ca;. starting next scare pros.am has been to bring a
out just what Khrushchev wants juy j feeling of hopelessness to the el-
from his small beleaguered home-1 others wilh the President. Mc- derly, and a feeling, as Dr. Wm.
land. ,N'amara ;nd Cilpatric for the de- Oenne says, "of impending doom"
Allesing a threat to both coun- fense budget talks were (len. Ly- 10 the younger. So they figure they
tries from West Germany. Russia man I.. Lcmnitzer. chairman of misht just as well get as much
has demanded joint defense talks, the Joint Chiefs of Stall: Cen. i "''fe'' out of the remaining days
Such joint defense could have a Maxwell D. Taylor. Kennedy's'' possible. They are going to en
tremendous impact on Finnish in- militarv adviser: Budset Director' J"y h''" while they can. for they
dependence and neutrality. David Bell: and McGeorge Bundy. 'don't kmw when or whether to-
A joint communique issued bv presidential assistant for national morrow may come.
Khrushchev and Kekkonen gave security affairs. I This attitude certainly doesn't
no details of the discussions. But ! "" respect for law. or the nsihls .
I oi otners. Ann certainly mere nas
i never been a time when these atti-
the communique, which referrjd " 1 ' " rrfcw . uiues were moie neeaea man ngni
- i... .-a m.. . . now.
l'""' I SALt.M tAi-i - me state Jus- i Mavhe we should
.,, , , nee iiepanmeni enare itecov-
iveKKonen win iiy nacK in .vios-l(.rv Dinsinn enllected
I diplomatic quarters in Moscow-
were encouraged by the tone of c. ClfL T,nn,4
we should take every
DrnDhet of doom out and riumn him
prv llinmn rnl epted Hi' ...... i i . . .t
cow Saturday then take the train from runaway, nonsupporting fa- Caves and plug up the entrv. Then
lor home. ithers in October Altv (;en Rnh- ih. ri nf ,,. m i...l
The conference opened shortly ert Y. Thornton ennounced. He job of licking the Russians,
after Khrushchev reached the city said this was the second highest Glen A Wellman.
after interruptinjf a tour of Si- monthly total in the division s 1036 YE. Walnut St ,
berian farming -reas. , six-year history. I Roseourg. Ore.
WILL BE
OPEN SUNDAY:
AFTER CHURCH 11 to 5 TIL CHRISTMAS
For Your Added Shopping Convenience
4