Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The news-review. (Roseburg, Or.) 1948-1994 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 13, 1948)
U. Of 0. Library Soap Eugene, Oregon n m am Curry, White Joins Adv. Staff Of News-Review The Weather Partly cloudy today and Saturday. Slightly cooler Sotur day. Contradict Sunset today 1:1 Two Accusers m. Sunrise tomorrow 7 a.m. OFMiJ If t Bob Pemberton, above, recently of Los Angeles, has joined the staff of The News-Review ad vertising department as an assist ant. He is a graduate of Las Angeles High School and has attended the University of Cali fornia at Los Angeles, where he majored in journalism. Pemberton Is residing with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Pemberton, at Sutherlin. He has an interest in sports and was a member of his high school track team. He has had experi ence on school papers and this summer wrote a sports column for the Sutlierlin Sun. Canada Lifts Ban On Meat Exports To United States OTTAWA, Aug. 13-(.p Agri culture Minister J. G. Gardiner announced today the lifting of Canadian export control ol beer cattle and calves, effective next Monday. The relaxation applies to beef and veal, dressed and other edible beef and veal products, canned foods containing meats, and meat pastes, as well as to livestock on the hoof. It means the United States cattle market closed to Canadian beef producers for six years, again will he open to their pro ducts. It means a greater supply of beef tor tables in the United States. It also means that retail beef rices in Canada will shoot up possibly as much as 20 to 30 per cent The ban on exports was Impos ed In September, lini, to main tain supplies of beef for Canad ian consumers and to aid in the enforcement of price controls. Had it not been put In force. Canadian beef supplies would have drained Into the higher- paying U. S. market. Gardiner also announced that export permits now will be issued freely to anyone wishing to ex port oats and barley from Can ada. Since Aug. 1, equalization fees formerly charged on the ex port of oats and barley have been discontinued. Labor Day Weekend Safety Aim of Council Plans to conduct a holiday safety program for the Labor Day weekend have been made by the Douglas County Safety Council. A tie-In program with adver tisers In the New-Review and Radio Station KRNR Is being worked out, to bring to the at tention of motorists and vaca tionists the Importance of tak ing every possible precaution in driving or recreation to prevent Injuries and death on the high way! or at resort areas. Further announcement will be made by the council relative to i the program. Douglas County Coast Range Area of 200,000 Acres Closed To Entry, Beginning August 15 Notice of closure to unregulated entry of an area of approxi mately 200,000 acres along the Coast Range In Douglas County Is contained in a proclamation signed by Governor John H. Hall, It was announced today by Fred Southwlck, district warden of the Douglas Forest Protective Association. The area was cloed for seversl i seasons prior to mi, nut was not closed last year because the excessive amount of rainfall made such action unnecessary. Fifty per cent of the area is covered bv the old Callahan and Tioga burns, but Is now well stocked with young timber, said South wick. The area affected by the gov ernor's proclamation extends In a strip about 34 miles long ana lmoking except at places desig about seven miles wide, starting nated as safe in the permit, (21 near the Wells Creek Guard Sta-1 1 build no open fires except In tlon on the Drain Reedport places designated as safe In the 1 1 1 1. h n i- mnA nnlnv smith tO the Mrnll enrf I 1 1 I n hii-, tmrt Hubhard Creek drainage near l.nr. lxkmil Because of the high fire bar-, uuhing tires, excepi wnen me ards In the area caused by an person is traveling as a pedes exressive number of snags and Irian and' or ramping at desig. Inflamable debris on the g.ound, I nated and Improved camp due to logging operations and old grounds. burns no persons may enter the The governor's proclamation he area without a permit Issued by i comes effective Aug. 15, said the Douglas Forest Protective ' Southwlck. Establish 1(73 Young & Co. Branch Bank Will Operate at Sutherlin Doors to Open Soon, States T. B. Garrison First Expansion Of Oakland Institution Sinct 1854 Permission to establish I branch at Sutherlin of the E. G. Young and Co. Bank of Oakland has been granted by the State Banking Department and the ratio' Itwa's" announced Soday by T. B. Garrison, president of! the bank. 1 Sutherlin has been without banking facilities since 1& rison said. Negotiations for a lease of the old hank buuuini,'. now owned by C. P. Smith, pub lisher of the Sutherlin Sun, are in progress. The step will mark the first expansion of the bank outside the Oakland community since its establishment in 1854. Opening date of operations will be announced later, Garrison said. One of the oldest banks In Ore gon, the E. G. Young and Co. was founded in old Oakland, about a mile north of the pres ent city. The business moved with the town to its present site in 1870, when the Oregon and California Railroad was con structed. The bank's present building was erected in 1802. Cits State Charter in 120 The firm originally was a gen eral store with a banking and credit department In connection. The store business was sold in 1909. The institution continued as a private bank until It was char tered as a state bank Dec. 21, 1920. The bank has been a mem- (Continued on Page Three) Slaying Victim's Wife Also Feared Killed ONTARIO, Ore., Aug. 13 ( Officials identified a slaying victim and expressed fear here today that his wife also had been killed. The man, whose body was re covered from the Owyhee Canal Aug. 2, was Identified aa J. C Perkle, a transient last seen July 24. His wife also has beea miss ing since that date. "It is definitely a case of homi cide," District Attorney Charles Swan said. Perkle's head was crushed. The district attorney said a heavy blow or a closeup gun shot might have been to blame. Perkle's car was found burning In the Vale City dump July 25 The dav after Perkle disappeared and Swan said he believed the auto was set afire to destroy evidence. Tired Postman Puts Mail In Bushes, Faces Law PORTLAND. Aug. 13. (Jt A postman, John Oscar Vaux, 32, awaited Grand Jury actton today on a charge of putting his mail In the bushes Instead of In mail boxes. Postal Inspectors said he told thrm he got "tired" of carrying all that mail. He was bound over to the Grand Jury by the U. S. commissioner. Astociatlon. Permits may be obtained from the Association headquarters in Roseburg. or from the Tyee war den station. Landers Lookout, Tenmile warden station. Wells Creek warden station, and Elk Creek warden station Persons Issued permits must comply with the following re quirements: 111 To refrain from j of his' or her equipment tools ..-mH .ullahle for esttne - l HZ lzSLZ' S-M. ' .. ! 1 . , . ,,,,,, . , , . -asjrl-Assw- ,:tn r - - . .- j i . I I . '. v.. . . ,, , - . ... . I WILL HOUSE NEW lANK-Thi. !. th. old bank building at Sutherlin, where quarters have baen leased for occupancy by kra.ek of the E. G. Youna and Co. Bank of Oakland. The buildina is owned by C. P. Smith, publisher of the Sutherlin Sun. The leas was signed for a period of five years with the privilege of re newal, said T. B. Garrison, bank president. Local Talent To Broadcast to Aid Salvation Army An all-request program fea turing local talent will be broad cast over KRNR on next Tues day evening between 8 and 8:30 p.m. In behalf of the Salvation Army building fund, according to Mayor Al Hegel, chairman of the drive. Persons desiring to appear on the program are urged to make their services available for "auc tioning" to the highest bidder whose contribution will go to swell the building fund, r'legel stated that' several prominent business men and amateur mu sicians have already come for ward with offers to broadcast their talents. Requests should be phoned into KRNR. More than 50 requests were received by the station for the Salvation Army program last week, Flegel said. These were in response to the offer of a free box of candy in exchange for contributions to the fund. A limited amount of candy is still on hand, he said, and will be awarded persons making the first request calls. Highlight of the program was the singing of the woodpecker aong by the Mayor. Two U. S. Planes Crash At Berlin; Crews Survive BERLIN, Aug. 3.-tJPt Two United States four-engined "Fly ing Coalman" planes spanning the Soviet blockade of Berlin crash ed while landing during a heavy rainstorm at Tempelhof Airdrome today. One smashed through a fence a i ill uui nru uui mv iirw ui mir-tr edosaecht escaped through an emergency hatch without serious Injuries. The other plane, coming down through clouds, landed on a half completed runway and was heavily damaged. The crew was unhurt. The crashes brought to five the number of crashes since the air lift to Berlin was started. Five Americans have been killed in these accidents. ; Jrjo Souaht for Short ,r,w 9nT r "" I Rjd in Stolen TOXI The Roseburg Police Depart ment la on the lookout for three persons believed to have been responsible for the theft of a BAB Taxi 194 Plymouth sedan, which was stolen snd later re covered on Jackson Street in the vicinity of the Kohlhagen Apart ments, reported Police Chief Cal vin Balrd. The .axl was reported by Chief Balrd to have been taken from in front of the taxi stand. Three men were seen in the car headed south, and State and City Police were alerted. A cruising cab driver found the car a short time later less than four blocks from where It was taken. ! Traffic Tickets Ignored, I Warrants are Prepared City police are clamping down 1 on traffic violators who have I failed to come Into Municipal tickets Court In answer to ranging fom parking violations j to speeding, enter of ponce Cal vin Balrd reported. Total of 43 warrants have been prepared by the City Recorder, and the offenders will be cited into court, said Balrd. who re- Quested that as many persons as 1 possible come In without the necessity of police action. CHASM KILLS YOUTH ST. HELENS, Aug. 13 HP Donald Black. IS. Clatskanie. was killed Wednesday night when his car crashed off the highway Into a ditch, near Deer Island. ROSEBURS, OREGON. Pay Accord at Atomic Plant Waits Approval OAK RIDGE. Tenn.. Aug. 13 Up) Three thousand atomic plant workers will vote soon on whether to accept their second wage boost within nine months. Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp. and Local 288, CIO United Chemical Workers, agreed last night on Increases ranging from five to 24 cents an hour. The union and company an nounced jointly that the wage negotiations begun a month ago were the shortest in the history of this atomic city. Minimum wage of the workers under the new contract would he Increased from $1.06 to $1.1 L The contract will be signed, the company and union said, after the union membership ratifies it. Trapped Youth Gets Unwanted Sea Journey LOS ANGELES. Aug. 13. f Remember that aong: Open the Door, Rlchardr Well, because 10-year-old Rich ard Serrao couldn't ooen It, he was in Los Angeles today, Instead of at home In Honolulu. He went aboard the Matson Liner Lurllne at Honolulu with his mother to see some friends off for the mainland. He said he went Into the rest' room, the door slammed and he couldn't onen It. He wasn t dli covered until the Lurllne was far out at sea. His mother wired him S120 for a round-trip ticket. Richard Is watching his doors, for the Lur llne is due to sail tonight for ! home. Ligthning Bolt Pierces Hospital; Nobody Hurt AUDUBON N. J., Aug. 13 '1 A bolt of lightning bounced crazily between two floors of the Audubon Hospital yesterday but In lured no one. ' After striking a second floor window, the bolt glanced off Into a first floor diet kitchen where it upset a pot of soup and knocked a spoon out of the hand of the woman w-ho was stirring It. The second floor window was shattered bv the holt. Fire Marshal Edward Hull of Audubon said the hpavv charge of electricity in the bolt likely was grounded by a metal fire escape and he pronounced the hospital safe after an Inspection. Conviction on Game Law Charge Appealed E. 'R. Lemley, convicted at a Jury trial in the court of Justice of Peace Clarence Leonard at Drain July 30 on a charge of hunting and killing a deer at night and spotlighting the deer with automobile headlights, has filed notice of an appeal to the Circuit Court. Lemley was sentenced by Jus tire Leonard to pay a fine of $130 and to serve 30 days In the county Jail, with the Jail sentence suspended. He was arrested by state police July 24. according to the report filed with the appeal notice. Trailer Camp Tax of $50 ; Fought by Occupants LARGE, Pa.. Aug. 13 P Residents of I-arge's trailer ramp said todav they are going to court to fight Jefferson Town ship School Board's trailer tax. Attorney Harry J. Benjamin, representing the trailer rest den... said the SV) levy I. unu.l because It Is a flat sum ana makes no allowance for differ- ences In trailer values. He said also the trailer tax Is at a higher rale than that on residences. On a' similar basis. said Benjamin, "trailer rest- deneet should have to pay no ' more than S4 per year." FRIDAY. AUGUST 1 3. 1948 12 Airmen Die in Crash Of Superfort ROtWELL. N. M.. Aug. 1S (Twelve crewmen were kill ed and eight othtra ware In jured dangerously last night In the erash ef a 0-2t Superfort ress, The Roswell Record said today. The ship erashtd three miles south of Walker Air Fares Base near here. Col. John D. ftyan, field com mandant, announoed that eight men escaped but declined to say how many were dead ponding notification of relatives. The Record said Its count en the death toll came from a re sponsible source but one which could not be quoted. Colonel Ryan said the big bomber crashed and burned while taking oft on a routine flight. The crash oecured about 11:30 p. m. (MST). The ship did not catch tire until after It struck, th officer said. Bunyans Off To Celebration With Axes and Turkeys Annroximatelv IS members of the Roseburg Paul Bunyans are leaving today for Oregon City to participate In the Centennial cele bration paraae in mat city Satur day morning. During the parade the mem bers will throw to the crowd 25 turkeys, as a promotional scheme lor the forthcoming Northwest ern Turkey Show In Roseburg this fall. The Bunyans will "give the ax" to three visiting governors in a ceremony at Kelley Field at 2 p.m. Saturday. The three gov ernors, the only ones known for sure to be present, will be John Hall, Oregon: C. A. Robbins, Idaho, and Earl Warren, Cali fornia. Abe Bean will take the place of Jack Josse aa Bull of the Woods for the ceremony, and Bob Lay zell will be keeper of the conse quences. Among the Bunyans who will participate are L. B. Hicks. Tom Par gel er. Bill Millhollen, Wayne Crooch, Bud Torier, Ton Gum, Steve Fowler, Al .dcBee, Bob LeGat, Sid Fredrickson. Bill Pyie and probably three or four others. Plane Wreckage Sighted In Lane County Region EUGENE, Aug. 13 ((1) A searching party left McKenzie Bridge ranger station early today for the wreckage of a plane sight ed In the Cascade Mountains. It was believed to be the Globe- Swift plane missing on a Klam ath Falls-Portland flight since Aug. 3. Aboard were Pilot Earl Williams and Edward Suppea, both of Shoshone, Wyo. An Army search plane from McChord Field reported the wreckage yesterday, two miles northwest of Sardine Butte. There was no sign of survivors around the plane. No Improvement Shown By Stricken Babe Ruth NEW YORK, Aug. 13 PI) Babe Ruth, baseball's ailing homemn king, showed "no Im provement In his condition" to day. Memorial Hospital announc ed. "Babe Ruth continues to run a moderately high fever and In general there la no Improvement In his condition," the hospital bulletin read. This contrasted with a bulletin yesterday that the sick, retired baseball star had rallied and was Improved. Truman Facing Republican Counter-Attack in Criticism Of Probe of WASHINGTON, Aug. 13. UPv- tion today of accepting President Truman's challenge to make a nnlitlral Issue of the congressional hunt for Communists In the government. Mr. Truman's second declaration that the Senate and House Investigators are nothing hut a red herring with the added phrase: Of the strongest type you can smell brought burst of answering fire from GOP ranks. Gov. Thomas E. Dewey's cam paign manager declared at Al bany that the people are "shocked" at what he called the president's attitude "In seeming to cover up" Informstlon bear ing on Communist activities. Herbert Brownell, Jr., the cam paign chief for the Republican ,, . -J '"-J 1 " , ,L . .1. Washington In the last three i k .""'d ,m",cn '.n' '"''"j f've " Interest showi In the spy i Investigations, Rep. Mundt (R.-S. D.), who has been acting chairman for many 1 of tt.a hearings before the House L'n-American Activities Commit- Russians Sever Joirif Control Tie in Berlin Rag at Kommandatura Building in American Sector Hauled Down BERLIN, Aug. 13 (JPi The Russians evacuated the Allied four-power Kommandatura build ing In Berlin today and hauled down their flag. This action appeared to com plete the division of Berlin be tween the. East and West at least aa far aa the Russians are concerned. The Russlana withdrew July 1 from the Allied Kommandatura, which had provided four-powei administration for this city for three years. They pulled out with the comment that "the Kommon datura no longer exists." They then announced they would retain their sentry and flag at the building until their archives have been removed. The Kommandatura la situated In the American sector of the city. Although they walked out on the Allied Control Council for Germany on March 20, the Rus sians still fly their colors and maintains sentries at the Allied control authority building. They also maintain a repre sentative in the permanent Allied secretariat there, which now has little to do but exchange Inter allied messagea and handle pro tocol matters. After the Russian withdrawal from the Kommandatura an act (Continued on Page Three) Freight Truck Driver Hurt, Taken to Hospital A Pleree Auto Freight Lines truck and trailer were forced off the highway causing Injury to the driver and considerable dam age to the truck and eargo about 2 a. m. today, reported State Police Sgt. Lyle Harrell. The accident occurred on High way 99 several miles north of Drain at mile post l.VI. According to Harrell, one car was attempting to pass another, both going north, when they met the southbound truck. The truck left the highway to avoid colli sion, and the two care continued on without stopping. Name of the truck driver was not obtained. He was taken to a Eugene hospital for treatment of Injuries. C. E. Knight, local Pierce representative, was gone this morning investigating the accident. Bedsprings Trap Women During Fire; Death Ensues SEATTLE, Aug. 13 IIP) A 27-year-old Seattle woman waa fa tally burned last night when her hand became entangled In bed springs and trapped her In her flaming bed. George Adis. chief of the Greenwood Fire Department, said the woman, Mrs. Margaret Shields, was unable to escape be cause her hand was wedged be tween the bedsprings and the bedstead. Brief Power Failure , Occurs This Morning Kleetrie pewsr In dewntown Reseburg was shut eft far si most 20 minutss late this morn. Ing. Callfernia-Ortgen Pewsr Ce. officials had not yat deter mined the cause ef the power failure early this afternoon. Power was restored by switch. Ing Into the Coos Ssy trans mission lino. Red Activities Republicans gave every Indica tee, shaped his aerentanee In the form of a counter-dare. "I rhallrnge the president," Mundt said, "to authorize the FBI and other government agen cies to make available the evi dence substantiating or disprov ing the existence of these espion age activities." Mr. Truman Indicated by his second jab at the congrelonal hearings he expects the Repub licans to dwell on testimony that some government officials gave away secrets to Moscow agents. Ilia vigorous assertion that these Inquiries are nothing but (Continued on Paga Three) 191-48 Nca LIGHTNING VICTIM Rudolph Pundt (above), Berkeley, Calif, and Robert Becker, Los Gatos, Calif., war killed when struck by lightning while huddled in cave on Bugaboo Spire, Brit ith Columbia mountain. I wo companion!, Ann Strong, 18, Berkeley and Ian Meckinlay, San Francitco, were injured. Pundt, 35, was a cousin of Mrs, E. T. Schoito of Clide, Oregon, nd a nephew of Mrs. J. Krom. minqa, formerly of Roseburg He was- formerly teacher at Bekartfield, Calif., high school Murder Charged To Section Boss In Negro's Death EUGENE. Ore.. Aug. -J.M Clarence Edgar Ellis, 32, S.P. railroad section gang foreman, has been arralnged in District Court here on charges of first degree murder In connection with the shotgun death of Earl Bowers, Negro sec Hon gang worker, near Cascade Summit early Wednesday morning. Following tne arraignment, Judge Chester N. Anderson con tinued the case to allow Ellis to obtain counsel. Ellis Is being held In the Lane county Jail. Five others, all Negroes, were arraigned as material witnesses and ball waa set at SUHM) earn. They are Samuel Walton, 47; Robert Lee McCoy, 33; Loyd Headspeth, 27; Gad Williams, 4 and James Butler, 41, all section gang workers. Williams was also sentenced to 30 days in Jail for carrying a concealed weapon. Ellis allegedly killed Bowers with a shotgun in an altercation after Bowers' car became atuck In the mud when he was en route from Odell Lake Tuesday night, according to preliminary Investigation by County Coronor Bartholomew. Two Quizzed in Murder Cose Awarded Damages CHICAGO, Aug. 13 W One of two janilors questioned In the Suzanne Degnan kldnap-murder has effected an out-of-court set tlement of a $.r0.000 damage suit against 11 policemen. The lanitor Is Desere Smet, 35, who was questioned by police during the hunt for the little girl's slaver. He charged he was mistreated and asked IM,0( damages. His attorney, Allen A. Freeman, announced settlement yesterday but declined to reveal the amount. The second Janitor, Hector Verbureh. received $20,000 in a similar settlement of his suit for $125,000 against 17 policemen. William Helrens was convicted of the murder as well as those of two grown women and la serv ing life sentence. Women Survive 40-Foot Auto Plunge Into River . ASTORIA. Ore.. Aug. XX-J.V) Two women were recovering today despite a plunge from a highway bridge to the Lewis and Clark River 40 feet below. Their car crashed through the bridge yesterday after colliding with annlher vehicle. The women Mrs. Eleanor Smith and Bar bara Jane Hansen escaped with minor Injuries and a drenching. Portland Unlikely to Get Any of Surplus Tax Fund PORTLAND, Aug. 13 d) Portland's chances for a cut of the surplus state Income tax fund were dim today. The city attorney Informed the Cltv Council that he could find no way for Portland to claim a share for u.e In relieving city property taxes. U. S. Assures Haven To Teachers Not Wanting ' To Return to Russia WASHINGTON. Aug. 13-WI Two top government aides of tne. Roosevelt administration Lauchlin Currle and Harry D. White took the witness chair at congressional spy hearings today and denied giving secret Infor mation or aid to Soviet agents. Lach declared, too, that he was no Communist and had never done anything disloyal to the) American Government. Their testimony came as th events stemming, directly or In directly, from the hearings con tinued to Involve the highest dip lomatic levels. Ambassador Walter Bedell Smith told Soviet Foreign Min ister Molotov In Moscow that the United Statea government la not Involved in any legal action In the cases of the Soviet school teachers In New York. Molotov had charged American authori ties connived in "kidnaping" the teachers. Smith also gave notice In ef fect that if Michael Samarine. one of the teachers, and his wife do not want to return to Russia the United States will let them stay here despite Soviet displea sure. Woman Can Also Stay Mrs. Oksana S. Kosenklna. the other teacher, who jumped from a high window of the Soviet con sulate In New York yesterday, presumably will also be allowed to stay here If she wishes. Con sular officials were permitted to visit her in the hospital today. ine reportedly rejected a sug- fltstlon she he moved to another lospital, saying, "You kept me a prisoner, you would not let me 8;" Mrs. KosenKina pawn in a cloak-and-dagger struggle be tween ned ana antt-Kea rtussians suffered Internal Injuries, a fractured right leg, a possible fractured pelvis and back Injur ies. She was placed on the criti cal list at midnight. Hospital attaches said she "rested fairly comfortably" last night and at times was cheerful. Dr. Grant P. Pennoyer, her physician, said later she was In '"serious but not critical condi tion" He estimated that she would be a patient In the hospital for 12 weeks and that It would be several month! after that be fore she would be fully recovered. Excitement ran through tne fashionable neighborhood when the teacher leaped at 3:20 p. m. yesterday from the ornate con sulate on East 61st street, a few steps off Fifth Avenue. The build- (Continued on Page Three) Commissioners To be Chosen In Water Dist. Plan Petitions bearing 182 signa tures asking for an election on the pioposed Wlnston-DUlard Water .District are soon to be filed within the next few daya with the Douglas County Court. A meeting to consider the nomination of commissioners will he held next Monday at 8 p. m. In the Diilard Grade School. All persons who signed the peti tions are being urged by Mar shall Haughn, temporary chair man, to be present at the meet ing. Five commissioners are to he elected to serve, If the water dis trict Issue, carries. The voting upon the commissioners will take place at the same time as the election upon the proposed for. matlon of the district. Nomina tions of the commissioners must be made by petitions bearing the signatures of 25 qualified voter at least 10 days prior to the elec tion, according to Attorney J. V. Long. The petitions are now In the hands of Attorney Long being checked prior to filing. The County Court will be required to set the date of the election not sooner than 30 days and not later than 50 days after the petition! have been accepted by the court. Liquor Commission May Halt Issuance of Permits POrtTLAND, Aug. 13 (OPl) The Slate Liquor Control Com mission will decide Aug. 25 whether to Issue any new liquor licenses In the next three months. "There are getting to be Just too many licenses," said chair man Joseph Freck, explaining how the proposed moratorium came tip for consideration. The Commission listed 3,827 retail outlets, 2,286 of them licensed for on-premlse consump tion of alcoholic drinks. About one-third of th total Is In Port land. LvityFactnJ y L, T. Raiasaateia Hank Wallace say III effect that he It opposed te Comma itm but that ha doesa't intend to purqe his party ef Communlit members. Jtnt like qtiy wha - - - - AkriMkA tftMO snsis't . . ni i .-u. blt fa lii9 In e Noma wtt I them.