foSeBUIte N6W$.ftVIW, ftOSEBURS, OftESOM, THURSDAY, AUGUST 21", 1947
ELEVEN
Deed End Reached
By United Nations
On Balkans Issue
By GLENN BABB
IAP Foreign News Analyst)
The United Nations has come
10 an ominous dead end in its ef
forts to iiait the menacing march
of events in the Balkans. Once
again the Soviet veto has been in
voked to nullify the will of the
majority of civilized mankind.
The comparatively mild and in
offensive Australian and Ameri
can proposils they amounted
only to an appeal to the Soviet
satellites to cease and desist in
their campaign against Greece
were tnrown out although only
Russia and Poland of the 11 Se
curlty Council members opposed
mem.
The atmosphere at Lake Suc
cess after this breakdown of the
peace machinery was charged
with gloom. The Security Coun
cil admitted its inability to go
further. The United States dele-
gate already had said that this
country would not stand idly by
even if the United Nations were
unable to act. But even that as
surance of American determina
tion to help Greece had an omin
ous significance for advocates of
the United Nations and world
peace machinery. If it is carried
Afito effect it means that once
Wore the United States and its
friends, in order to get effective
action, must bypass, work outside,
perhaps eventually even abandon,
the organization that was erected
so hopefully in San Francisco as
victory was being won on the
battlefields.
Guerrillas Have Foothold
How America and her friends
can move to prevent the engulf
ment of Greece in the totalitarian
tide that has swept over most of
Southeastern Europe remains to
be indicated. Any effective course
must be plotted with the utmost
care, for the consequences may be
far-reaching and terrible. But the
course of those who have worked
to prevent a unified effort to keep
the peace in the Balkans is be
coming clearer.
The indications are strong that
the now familiar device of the
puppet state is to be invoked as
the next major step. It is hard
to escape any other conclusion
concerning announcement b y
"Gen. Markos" Viviades, leader of
the guerrillas defying the Greek
government in the north, that
he had undertaken to administer
a "democratic government" until
"provisional government" could
be formed. News of the fighting
indicates the Markos forces are
consolidating a foothold from
which it may be difficult for the
present Greek Army to oust them.
And behind them are friendly
territories into which they may
retire when too hard pressed and
from which help will be expected.
The Greek government has
been predicting such a develop
ment for some weeks: first, a for
Vf jlion of a guerrilla govern
"Wnt; second, its recognition as
the legitimate Greek government
by the states which are blocking
United Nations action; third, di
rect and undisguised aid and sup
port to such a regime by those
states. They would argue that
such aid was as legitimate as any
given the Athens government by
the United States or any other
power. And then -the battle lines
really would be drawn.
Japanese Population ,
On West Coast Drops
WASHINGTON, Aug. 20. OP)
Although 60 per cent of the
Japanese-Americans moved from
their West Coast homes at the
start of the war have returned,
the War Agency Liquidation Unit
said today that Washington, Ore
gon and California now have
only 55 per cent of the nation's
Japanese-American population as
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Pictures by Paul Jenkins
COUNTY BRIDCE WORK PROCEEDS Top. work has started on
the construction of temporary piers for the Little River bridge at
Clide. The existing bridge will be moved to the temporary piers
while a new span is being constructed. Harry I. Hamilton is the
contractor. Middle and lower, a dirt fill and two eiaht-foot cul.
verts are replacing the Buckhorn Bridge on the Little River Road.
t. L-ompton has the contract to move more than 7.000 cubic
yards of dirt. In the lower picture, the carry-all is being given a
helpful push by a bulldozer.
compared with 88.5 per cent in
19-10.
Before the war. 112.353 of the
nation's 126,947 Japanese-Americans
lived in the three Pacific
Coast states.
TEACHER CHANGES
PORTLAND, Aue. 20. UP)
Dr. Watt A. Long, assistant sup
erintendent of Portland schools,
today confirmed his plans to re
sign to accept a similar post in
tne ban irancisco scnooi system.
He leaves after 20 years service
here.
Washington is known as the
Evergreen State."
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At Saratoga, New York, one of
the decisive battles in world his
tory brought about the defeat
and capture of General John
Burgoyne and his army, a turn
ing point of the American Revolution.
Ancient Greeks believed the
peony was a sacred flower which
came from the moon and was
protected by the moon.
Impatience Over
U. N. Stems From
Russian Vetoes
By SlGRID ARNE
WASHINGTON Impatience
with the United Nations machin
ery is piling up suggestions for its
change.
They range all the way from
the mild idea that the rules must
be altered to the gloomy predic
tion that either Russiu must get
out of U.N. or the United States
will have to break it up and form
a new organization.
Criticism of the U.N. stems
from irritation over the Russian
use of the veto. It includes
the American Legion's colorful
charge that the Security Council
is a "perpetually hung jury" and
comes from all manner of other
people from Joe Doakes, who
writes his senator, to the men in
Congress who help shape United
States policy.
In . many quarters, however,
U.N. prestige rose when it re
cently compelled a truce in the
flareup of war between the Dutch
and Indonesians.
Road Block in Charter
The policy makers think chang
ing the U.N. is highly improbable.
They point out the road-block in
the U.N. charter itself.
The. charter says the 55 mem
ber states can call a conference to
write amendments. The confer
ence can take decisions on a two-
thirds vote, but the amendments
must be sent to the home govern
ments for ratification, and then
all of the "Big Five" powers must
approve. That leaves the eate
open for another Russian veto.
1 ne veto could hardly tail to be
the center of a battle to change
the charter. The Russians have
consistently opposed any change.
That brings the Washington
conjecture, around to "What hap
pens next.'" me lew who are in
timate with the working rules of
u. in. are guessing:
That Russia may withdraw
under a much more determined
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stand by the western nations.
That Russia Will be the last to
withdraw.
That If a U.S. led break should
come it would have to be over a
clear-cut issue, and Russia's veto
of the Balkan "watch dog" com
mission isn't big enough.
What Could Do It
The guess Is lhat thp issue
could be:
1. Control of atomic energy.
2. U.N. police fonv.
3. Some angle oi thp German
and Austrian peace treaties.
4. The Japanese treaty.
The treaties are not the official
business of U.N. They are being
written by the foreign ministeiu
of the U.S., Britain, the Soviet
and France. The feeling is that
they could kick up an issue that
would reverberate through the
U. N. Assembly which will get to
work Sept. 1G at Lake Success,
N. Y.
On the other hand, there are
several thoughtful suggestions for
changing U.N. rules and leaving
the organization intact. Most of
the suggestions are made on the
assumption (which has little to
stand on) that changes can be
made In the face of that possible
veto.
What Legion Wants
The American Legion would
like to see:
1. The United Nations take ac
tion against aggression, or even
preparation for aggression, on a
mere mapority council vote.
2. International authorities con
trol not only atomic enerev but
all mass destruction weapons.
3. Quotas put on heavy armament.
4. A strong U.N. police force.
In Congress two resolutions
have been adopted asking (1) re
visions of the charter and (2) a
call from the President for a gen
eral U.N. conference to strengthen
Itself.
Senator Byrd (D.-Va.) has sug
gested that a veto In the Security
Council should be passed on to
the U. N. Assembly. He thinks the
Assembly should be free to over
ride a veto by a two-thirds vote.
In his speech to the Senate he
said:
"t make the confident predic
tion that shortly the necessities of
the situation will force a show
down with Russia within the
United Nations."
Tulips named "tullpan" by the
Turks were first brought to
Europe from the Near East In
1554 when the Austrian ambas
sador to the Sultan curried some
bulbs to Vienna.
A dark red rose Is a symbol
of mourning.
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