Roseburg news-review., June 13, 1936, Image 14

Fly "Old Glory" High on America's Birthday!
Millions of Flags Will Unfurl to Celebrate
Anniversary of Freedom
.-HIS Sunday, June 14, will bo Hag Day, the
169th birthday of the Stars and Stripes, lr
celebration thereof, millions of Flags will un
furl and fly to the breeze over land and sea.
On May 30, l'J16, when the Stars and Stripe.
vas 13!) years old, President Woodrow Wilsor
issued a urodamation natiimalitiriK Flair Day
He said in part, "1 therelore suKKesl and request
that throughout the nation, the fourteenth day
of June be observed as Flag Day. . . . Let l
on that day rededicale ourselves to the nation,
'one and inseparable, - a nation signally dis
tinguished among all the nations ol mankind foi
its clear, Individual conception alike of Its dutie,
a'.d In privileges, its obligations and its righta.
Governor Charlea H. Martin ol Oregon say .
"Flag Day should have special recognition be
cause It commemorates and symbolizes I he unit
of the nation." Governor Martin will make a
proclamation regarding Flag Day, and requesi
that a special illsplny of Flags he made on tha'
day. The Oregon Department of Education re
quests that schools now in session give appro
priate recognition of Flag Day.
Although the Pacific Coast states now Joii
In celebration ol Flag Day. these states had no
part in the adoption of, or the struggle for, the
Flag of Freedom. While the thirteen colnnie
on the Atlantic Coast bravely fought for thi
priceless liberty and Justice which is now en
Joyed by the Knst and West, the Pacific Coast
and Kncky Mountains were in 1777 still waitlnp
to bo explored and settled. Then only a few
Intrepid ndventurers and missionaries fron
across the seas, had glimpsed the Wester?
shoreline.
By June 14, 1777, the thirteen colonies on th,
Atlantic Coasl had experienced trials with many
flags, and wore fighting to establish a Flag of
Freedom. It was on that day that Congress
atlopted tho Stars and Stripes as the National
F.mblem.
Spanish Flag In the Southwest
By right of discovery Spain had claimed and
held over two centuries the Southwest area of
the American continent; Arizona, Nevada, Utah,
New Mexico, and California had no borderlines,
but were all Included in one great Spanish area.
The SouthwcBt waB inhabited only by In
linns and, here and there along the California
Coast were a few Spanish padres in their adobe
missions under their leader, Father Junipero
Serra.
The Northwest Any Man's Land
In 1777 no. flag had travelled over the snow
capped mountains, the boundless forests and
sparkling streams of tho Northwest. Then it was
any mnn's land. Idaho, Washington, and Oregon
were part of that wild, unknown and uncharted
territory, called the Oregon Country. There the
quiet of the dense forests had not yet been dis
turbed by tho creuk of wagon wheels. Not one
Jul M
i UlC al r.
FOHNlA REPUBLIC;
Above: An early Pa
cific Coast arsenal
overlooking Monterey
Bay. Left: "Old Glory"
with its 48 stars.
Below: A portion of
the design for the flag
of the Bear Flag Re
public. This flag was
raised at Sonoma when
California was de
clared a free and inde
pendent state.
rich fur hud been shipped tu u fureitfn market.
Two years provious Heceta and Perez had an
chored off Point Urenville and taken possession
in the name of Spain, but no white man had
yet settled in the Northwest.
Contrasting Pictures
On June 14, 1777, the Atlantic Coast, undei
flags of conflicting nations, presented a swift
moving' picture of bloodshed, turmoil, political
strife, want and suffering. There cannons roared,
drums beat.
In contrast, the Northwest, under no ruling
flag, and the Southwest under the Spanish flag,
presented a silent picture of a land of plenty
quiet, peace and solitude.
Gradually this great, silent, unfilmed, western
picture became one of sound and motion. Gradu
ally a slow parade of peoples with their vari
ously designed flags began to move forward
through valleys, over mountains, bv sea.
THE Spanish flag became more in evidence.
Up from the south trod more long robed
padres and work at the missions progressed.
Presjdios were reinforced .and Spanish officers
ruled. Large tracts of land were granted to a
few favored subjects and there herds of cattle
grazed, haciendas were built, senioritas danced.
A few American hunters and adventurers drifted
in from the North and South. Spanish California
became alive.
Russian and Argentina Flags Appear
Foreign trading ships now found their way
to America's Western Coast Russian ships,
manned by convicts and outlaws, under the
severe command of Raranof, the "Little Czar of
the Pacific," became actively engaged in the fur
trade along the Coast between Alaska and Cali
fornia. For thirty years Baranof's iron hand
tried to monopolize the Pacific fur trade.
In 1812 the Russian American Fur Company
boueht land near Bodetra, California, built Fort
Ross and established a complete settlement
which they occupied for nearly thirty years.
In 1818 a French privateer, flying the revo
lutionary flag of Buenos Aires, sailed into Mon
terey Bay and began firing on the town. Women
and children fled inland, and, unable to hold
their fort, the men soon followed. After re
maining four days, looting and burning the town,
Bouchard went on his way, plundering other set
tlements in the South.
Imperial Flag of Mexico
Revolt in Mexico gave her independence in
1822, and the Royal Colors of Spain was quickly
lowered and disappeared from the Southwest
In it? stead was hoisted the new Imperial flag
of the Mexican Empire, soon to be changed to
the Mexican tricolor of the Mexican Republic
British and Americans in the Northwest
To the North two other flags were leading an
other parade. Attention had centered on the
Northwest George Vancouver. Robert Gray.
Jacob Astor, Lewis and Clark, and others had
discovered the value of Oregon Country, and
soon the British flag and the Stars and Stripes
were seen flying from trading posts and forts,
inspired missionaries, wealth seeking traders,
carefree adventurers, and courageous settlers
made up this line of march toward the Oregon
Country. By reason of treaties a peaceful oc
cupation was enjoyed by both the United States
and Great Britain. During the war of 1812, a
few flags had theii ups and downs, but the joint
occupation, on the whole, was a peaceful one.
The Florida treaty between the United States
and Spain in 1819, set the Oregon California
boundary line to its present location, Spain
thereby relinquishing her rights to the North
west territory.
The Stars and Stripes Shine A'estward
THE year 1846 was a memorable one for the
Stars and Stripes was established west to
the Pacific Ocean, and three western flags Wfre
lowered in its favor.
By 1846 Congress had finally been convince,
of the' value of the Oregon Country and a new
treaty with Great Britain lowered the British
flags south of the 49th parallel, (the present
border), in favor of the Red, White and Blue.
However, as late as the year 1872, there wus
still some misunderstanding regarding the Juan
de Fuca Strait The German Emperor, as arbi
trator, made his decision in favor of the United
States, and the matter of the Northwest boun
dary line was no longer an international
question.
Mexican and Bear Flags Lowered
At the same time the Stars and Stripes was
being established peacefully in the Northwest,
the Southwest was drawing the atteniton of the
nation. War between the United States and
Mexico was jeopardizing the Mexican flag in
the Southwest
Californians' had become dissatisfied with
Mexican rule, and encouraged by some Ameri
cans, they boldly lowered the Mexican flag at
Sonoma and. raising the California Bear Flag,
(since adopted as the State Flag) in its stead,
declared California a free and independent state.
The Bear Flag flew supreme but a short time,
the Stars and Stripes being raised at Monterey
July 7, 1846. Other flags with military orders
were rushed on horseback at top speed to other
settlements, and by August 13, all California
was under control of the United States. At the
end of the war Mexico granted to the United
States the territory which now includes Califor
nia, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, and most of New
Mexico.
The Stars and Strioes, then, in 1848, officially
and legally waved from the Atlantic to the
Pacific and from Canada to Mexico. Other flaps
had come to the West only to be rejected for
the Red, White and Blue of the United States.
For nearly a hundred years now the Western
States have had a share in the growth of the
Flag. They have had an equal share in the privi
leges and duties in maintaining that Freedom
and Justice for which it stands.
On Flag Day, June 14, 1936, the Great West,
the last section to join the Union, pauses to
honor the Stars ant Stripes.
nir'ii iriffij&ft
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