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About Roseburg news-review. (Roseburg, Or.) 1920-1948 | View Entire Issue (March 13, 1930)
FOUR ROSEBURG NEWS-REVIEW. ROSEBURG, OREGON, THURSDAY. MARCH 13. 1930. T Electrical Appliances and Crude Oil By-Products Bring Big Changes in 34 Years. Observations of Implement Dealer Dwell on Great Forward Strides of Agriculture. Hy A. MlTNSI-XLf (President Mitchell, Lewis and Stover Co.) Covering a span of tliirty-four years, beginning with January 1, JS'Mi, and having been in the agri cultural Implement business In the Port land trade territory during atl of that time, I have had oppor tnnily of observing the change "from the so-called "borne and bug gy day" to Urn present power farming era. Hy the use of the term "power farming" I ant not only referring to tractors, but. to every other form of mechanical power In present-day line. Klectrleity and the by-products of crude oil have wrought changes little dreamed of in the late Sin's. When one tttopH to realize the back-breaking labor done away with by these modern farm equipments he Is forced to (he conclusion that thought and money have been used most lav iHlily In the factories of our coun try. I have talked with many engin eers connected with various manu fntcuring pluntH, and know of the long hours spent In devising what now seems to us as a very simple operation. These modern days of conveniences aro not the result of chance, but are backed by engin eering skill, mechanical skill and great precision In manufacturing methods. We In the far west know but lit tle of the time, effort and Tiuiney expended in (he development of u pew tool, because that lias all ben dono In the Industrial centers pf the east and (be middle west; and In the raHe of agricultural imple ments by actual field tests extend ing over h considerable period of time before anything Is released for use in our section. No factory could lake the risk of shipping a tool two or three thousand miles away from the factory until It has had actual field tests to prove Uh finality. These mechanical power appli ances have been designed not only to lessen the cost of crop produc tion, buj have been designed like wise to lessen the burden on the farmer's wife, who has had, I Hometimes llilnk, moru than her share of sin-h burdens. The "back lo the farm" movement Is til ready under way, and month by month new farmers' mid new money are coming Into the slate of Oregon to till up our great waste places. There Is no gainsaying the fad Unit running today is as much of U science as any other branch of the sciences, and men who are making the greatest succcsh in farming today are Mioko who know best how to till I he soil, and what crops should be grown thereon. Hy crops mean grains, grasses, fowl, fruits and animals. These are all scientific studies, and it goes with out Baying that the most scientifi cally designed Implements or ap pliances Hie those which produce Hie greatest returns. Our farms today are more at tractive than ever In their history. There Is more Incentive today than ever for the fanner, for hi.- wire and for the hoy and the girl to stay by and on the farm, since there Is much less drudgery and ar more enjoyment. Farming trt a business which ranks alongside that of any other business of any kind In the coun try: and when the farmer mure fully recognizes the dignity of his calling he will he tint more u.n HioHsivo and progreBHive. ALFALFA TESTS Allalta wll be tested out on the dllleit-ut types of land in the l.ooklngghiss valley by high school boys through a 4 H club project. Karl lioberis, Jack llutchins. Fred Strickland. ltiy ilodfre-y. Kir by Xtelnham r and Harold Sehrenk organized a pneci to help solve the summer Jmaue problem com mon lo most sections of the county. 1 hree di Herein kinds of a Haifa will be tested fn each plat and cnrettil ict.itds kept to determine the most valuable strains and the types ot land on which abulia can be grown successfully. The hind Will be put in the best of cnndilion and lune applied ut the rati of one ion to tin- ut re, AH pints will he plow id or "listed, toll ed and hat row ed tor the fiist fil ling. Kveiy week or ti n davs the plois will he harrowed lightly to kill Hie weeds and lo retain the inolstoie will he (initimn ii unlit the middle of April, .hisi h.-inre plant ing the ground will t;r bariowed and lolled with a comw.atcd miter. The seed will be inoculated and sown broadcast over the Held. Seed now u in tills manner will tall in tbei corrugations made by t he roller ! and when harrowed lightly will all; be planted (he name depth and ! again rolled to hrmly park' thej ground nm md lite A buhl hat- loulu;: will f 1m ii be made lo lli-'.il, i the nuioolii tunufcuud surface lull TO BE CONDUCTED AT LOOKING GLASS by the roller and leave a floe mulch to conserve moisture and to prevent crusting of the ground suriace. STORY 4 (Continued from page if Hi tie resistance to fungus and in sect attacks. Complete, properly balanced fer tilizers are required for healthy, and disease resisting trees. Jn these complete fertilizers, each element, in combination with the others, Is responsible for different functions in the tree. , For example, nitrogen is re spoil aibie for growth, and juice, or sap but only In combination with pot ash and phosphoric acid. In the same way, phosphoric acid influ ences vigorous grow tb, maturity, and fine tissues. Potash U easen tial lo photosynthesis (chemical light reaction. This reaction re duces the carbon dioxide of the air taken up by the leaf into cellulose, starch and sugar. Without potash, tiiis process is Impossible, lioth phosphate and potash, by maturing the, truit properly, are responsible tor color. Ail of these things prove (lie Importance of complete lerlil izcrs. Soil Must Be Fed The grower who tries to do with out complete fertilizers for his orchard, may be likened to the par able of the man who built his house on the sand, for he who spends his money tor tine equipment, build ings, machinery, blooded livestock, who will have the fine automobiles, radios, and all other luxuries, but who does not make provision lor the feeding of his Boil, will sooner or later como to disaster. Jtecords show that this very thing has happened In thousands oi Instances whereg rowers have ac quired orchards by purchase. Th-i on-hard he buys may have poten tial capacity for producing, but like a team of sound horses, thai have been worked and starved to death. It matters not what fine harness we put on them or wiiat fine ma chinery we hitch them to, they are unable to work for us until we feed them some outs, put flesh on their ribs, un( gut them Into condition. We know that this team can be re stored fn a short time to prancing, eager servants, with flashing eyes, and unbounded energy. And by the same token, orchard soIIh, can with proper tillage and fertilization, he made to produce heavily of high quality fruits. Pointed Logic The argument that wo ate pro ducing too much how Is frequently voiced, when we advise using more fertilizer, for bigger and better yields, but that farmer would be a iuo who would sell his best cows, because they were producing loo much milk. Also it is better lo grow 10 acres of potatoes, yielding 3uU bushels to the acre, than 20 acres, yielding only at the rate of JUU bushels lo the acre. The lerlillzer InduHlry reprn. seining a lotal capital investment of nearly IfHUu.uuO.miu, is working hand In hand with the grower and experiment stations, In an effort to arrive ut the proper commercial plant, food, to meet the lequtru mcntH. of crops and soils. Much progress has been made along this Hue. Also thu proper methods of application, are being studied dally, Hi order to determine which tnetu ods will produce best results for the grower. (Jeneral recommendations for fruit growing districts of the Pa cific northwest, include such lor niulas as 3-10-10 1. e., 3 per cent nitrogen, ID p(!r cent available phos phoric acid, 10 per cent water sol uble potash, lor orchards which have been cover cropped. For clean cultivated orchards, such tormulaa ua 6-ltM and 10 6-1 are used. The amount used varies greatly, however, u general recommenda tion whleh Is usually followed, is to use one pound tor each year ot age of the tree. Instructions For Uae. ! Complete lerlillzer should be Hp plied under the drip of tree branches, and u couple of teet out ward. In larger orchards, where the limits ot adjoining trees near ly reach each other, as is frequently Iho case, the ferlllizur may be up plied, by broadcasting In u strip in the middle, between the tree rows, running parullcl to the irrigation ditches. The fertilizer should be Plowed under lo a depth of X or 10 indies, I. e., to u depth where constant moist urn Is maintained throughout the growing season. Heep plowing is very Jmpnrlnnt, because potash and phosphate, when brought in contact with sur face ton, form a cliemical union wlih the Militates, and metals like calcium, manganese, and iron, and ate iluiH held in combination with these elements In the soil. Kurther w ashing down of tbe.se elements by iriigation water, or ruins Is thereby positively prevented. Sur face application ol feiiiil.er, oven it disced in is tntile, insular as ob taining any results from ihe min erals is concerned, because feeder roots ine unable to suivne in ihe dry mul ii ot the surface soft whete l he potash and phosphate baxe lodged, and still remain un less plowed under. .li.ed lerliliier should be ap plied in the hu,. f,,ut or 1Jir( Miring, when tlitr trees are in their dormant sumo. Improper ouh.ud practice mav undo the heiie:iis io hi- derived fiom pioper teiiiti.Hion and plant leeding. Deep dlxum; dutlng ll1( glow fllg period, will destiov Hie tender tiluoiis feeder loots, and ar rest Ihe feeding pioi-e.ss. f deep discing is tollnwed ihnnu Hie glow lug period, either a MMies "diop" or undersized liuit will ptohuhly ie suit. WASHINGTON, March U (A. I'.l Five experts ol ihe depart ment of agriculture have ile( Imed grain in three Jars excavated Mom the buried city of Kish lo be bailey. Kish, In .Mesopotamia, "die fust city tuiinded alter the HoimI." was eutuled in Ut-V One b iilding in will h jais were found w.is in a straiuui jimi above the level where traces of a Hood were loiiml Attlit iieological evidence places the date ol rhU flood o ciirred "bout ;::e.i it r. Hi" giuiii is now xiiiuully i'Uic charcoal. Tho new (uartera for the Leake and Beyers farm machinery com pany Is an Ideal location for this business. The company occupies the old Central garage building, located on Rose street between Cuss and Inline streets, only half a block off the main highway. The large, cum- 4-H CLUB BOYS 4 11 club boys will plant 10 acres f ioi-ti tliiu unrinir A ueleeleil strain of (iolden tilow corn will bemost Pioinauie used. This strain proved its value! last year when two boys, George .Shamhrook of Umpqua and Jlobby Hlakeley of Glide, produced better than filty bushels to the acre. Uotli hoys are Increasing their plantings this year and will have twenty to twenty-five ueres. (Selected exlitbltB of tea ears made by both boys won the open class exhibits at the district fairs held in the county last fall. George Shaiubrook won second on ten-ear and tweuly-five ear exhibits at the Pacific international Uind 1 'rou nds show hi Portland last fall. Itoth boys are planning to have seed for sale next fall and enter exhibits at all the fairs. on other boys In all suctions of the county have pooled an order tor 110 pounds of this seed ami ex pect to kIvb Iho corn growers of tho county a race for 'nremium lpouey this fall. Fertilizers will bo used In sev eral of the fields to see If fertiliza tion at tho time of planting will prove profitable. BY FEDERAL DEPT. WASHINGTON. March 12-- Stocks of grain on farms March 1 announced this week by the depart ment ot agriculture included i)s9. ItiD.UOO bushels of corn, or 37.7 per cent of tho VJ2H crop, and 129,153, (MHM) bushels of wheat, or 16.0 Per cent of last year's crop. These t.toeka compared with 1,- 021,873.0" bushels ot corn, or Ilti. J per cent of the lii2S crop, and 1M. lino bushels of wheat, or 16.0 per pur cent of the previous year s crop, on farms March 1, last year. It was estimated the proportion of last year's coin crop shipped or to be shipped, out. of I lie country where glow n is Hi. 11 per cent, com pared with l!.l per cent, of the 192S crop so shipped, anil till. 6 per cent of the wheat crop, compared with ft per cent ot tho 1D2S crop. 1'he percentage of last year's corn crop which was of merchant able quality was 77.0 per cent, com pared with h3. 1 per cent ot thu HI2S crop. The stocks of other grains on farms March 1 were: Oats :!!!. 222.000 bushels, or 32 2 per cent of the crop, compared wiin 4!i7.3;tn.(Min, or Hi. 6 per cent of the l)2S crop so held a year ano. Harley, 73.2su.uoo busht-ls, or 23 9 per cent, compared with S 7 IHT.iMio or 21.1 per cent. Kye, f.;:5s.ooii bushels, or 13 2 per rent, compared with 0,72 1,'imi, ur oS 0 per cent. STORY 3 (Continued from page i rial aiiainmentH and w ouder if in some cases we have not outgrown and exceeded while in other cases Uliderdex eloped. W e are living in a fast am1. Cuni mcieiuiisiii serins to be met dr- eloped and In many hues of in dustry only the "fittest" can Mir- ir. Must Heed Rivalry T he prune Industry Is by no means an exception and if it is to able modern mrlnmL miwt he ...... I Ployed. Sneed. economv mid. most of al! quality, are essentials mtessat I:: the manniactuie. pieces or mnvwii due lo lite hiuhly enmpetitne age ill which we Ine. It is therefore important that thn;e endued In ihe 1:1 owing or euiin of prunes be- mie laminar w it h the modem methods enabling them lo product a bmh grade prod net of superior uuality (hat tan (op the grade in o'M meilein iiMikch llie wculd met. 1'oor oii.tlnv 1 moM teilam to jpiejudicy the users akin lor the . STOCKS OF GRAIN M1 FIGURED New Home of Leake -ft mm 4? i PAKE MACHINERY product causing him to use substi tutes. That poor quality has seriously hurt the prune Industry of Oregon is an undisputed fact. That faulty drying is to a great extent responsible for this poor quullty Is also granted. This faulty drying, whether by old style drying system or later forced draft systems, is mostly due to a lack of a simple and elfective control. Rules to Observe Outstanding requirements for commercial dehy dration are: 1st Ciood quality, well matured green prunes lo handle. 2nd Proper preparation and prompt handling. 3rd No under-healing in the early stages of dehydrating or later to cause fermentation. -Uh No over-heating In the early stages of the process, or later to cause cracking, bleeding or drip, caramelizing or burning, or case nardening or damage to structure. " Mh A circulation to carry away moisture and use heat economi cally. 6th A posit he ro-cirrulation control lo adjust heat and moisture tor beginning and fiuismtig stages of drying. 7th Control of a wet air or hu midity condition for even drying. Hth A positive mechanical proc ess Independent of weather condi tions. Uih A continuous, progressive process. loth Low operating costs by economy ol fuel, labor and power. 11 Ih A process where thu least, amount of stale full travel air Is reapplied to drying fruit, maintain ing flavor. 12th A piueeHM of low initial temperature, slow pre heating lo re move and exhaust oxressive surface moisture, also imposing tint least change on the prune, retaining a more natural flavor and probably a more ht-athful food because of a least change from the raw fruit. Kesoarcu has taught us that the construction and operation of mod em drying plants have become a highly specialized business, it Ie therefore well for those who con template the erection of a plant to be careful and cautious before mak iug an Investment. Among the leading .-rowers: of pears and grapes of Douglas coun ty, Hie Med I md lirrhards company, recent purchasers or Hie Overland orchards In I iardni alley, use caterpillar tractors exclusively In the care of all their orchard: in .larksou and lou';l:ts counties, says K. M. )er. local dealer for cater pillar t raciors, road machinery, combine harvesters and KUlefer implements. (din and Haines, the owners ot these huge holdings. In ull;ing of their work say thai it would have been almost impossible to have arconmlished the cleanup and deep subsoiling that is very essen tial to good tatmiim without the pivM-r and traction o? the caterpil lars. Hreaking up the haid pan and opening up draitniL-e il itches test the stamina and endurance of any marhhM' " ii is Mimetimes necessary lo uo as deep as 21 incites with heavy cbi.vels lo allow the soil io lake in w.uer and air for the ttre roots and make room for the roots lo grow . Inirmg ihe earlv spring when the mound was sott ami in so'ne places niinldy the rater pi Hart 'rut right alonv: pulling out dead trees, haul in brush and pullinc sprav ma- bines. whU-n operate from the um vr of ,np """ thereby not oii'v (b)inc tho time but jiloinc it better end i,ln,,,c 1 ','",,T (M''Jll !l tie Meotoni (trchnnis company Is now usl'ii; t vi o caterpillars on 1 heir Iverlund orchards and t w o ,111 Medt'-'td, All orc'i;tnU are coin' iplelelv eqtlipl', w it Ii Kiib ler discs pltel chisel:-, Ih modem imiluul of i j l.ititnii.;, i I'imi warm a ht bed Mill cause j 1 r:M'M i:rii fh .sod v mb pl.tni - : be-1 ic?iprianitv i - (vii ' and !n deyife with uw io.v er ; u.mi,cru,UIOS mieneu i and Beyers Company modfous and well-lighted guarters Rive ample display room for the large amount of equipment carried, gnd particularly good storage for the lurgei pieces of machinery. A well-equipped machine shop for re pair and service work is maintained and an attractive business of fice in conveniently located. Orrhardists and farmers all over the country are learning very rap idly the advantages of power farm ing to make the farm pay, by using tractors, combines and other large implements, says E. M. Dyer, local dealer for "caterpillar" tractors, combines and mad machinery. "Hard times have struck a good many farmers in all parts of the United States, but with the right kind of equipment there Is no such word as hard luck," Mr. Dyer says. "Learn what power equipment can do toward cutting costs and produc .iig iare yields through timely work, then apply it to your own farm. "Douglas county stands in the loud in raising fine crops and ihe laruieiH are quick lo see the ad vantage of doing (heir work quick er, better ami cheaper and are now nutting In larger fields and raising the standard of their products by using better machinery. "Caterpillar" tractors are taking an important part In this program by being able to get on the job sooner aim not having to wait for the weather or normal conditions, therefore getting the work done when it should he and doinb it bet ter, quicker and cheaper, and leav ing time for recreation and other pursuits that may come up from iune to time." IS OH FHE ELIST Sodium chlorate, the most prom ising chemical known for use in controlling sueh weeds as Canada thistle and wild mnrninir irtni v. has been placed on toe tariff free list. in the senate following a fiu'ht made for ibis concession by Sena tor Fred Steiwer of Oregon. News of the victory was sent here by George R. Hystop. head of Ihe farm crops department at Ore gon State college, who was in W ashington at the time completing work lor the department of agri culture as head of a special grain grading investigation committee. . Hyslop pointed out that. Oregon will use about fu carloads of this chemical ihis year which now car ries a duty of li cenis a pound. If the house agrees to the senate change Oregon farmers will save jome $:to,t)nu on sodium cholrate this year. Tie advises getting in touch with Oregon's house delega tion to urge favorable action. STORY 2 (Continued from page 1) that thi' oil rovi(U's for In'ttiT co rnmo. Destructive Spiders Hi-J spidt-r is oii) ol' thr most tlatiu'-roiis vests roiifioiiio: th.e; urowrr in tin' northwest. This is tint to the fart that serious injury is produced before the grower, real 17. chard liiat the P-si is in nis or- There lire two species that the trvvf It! the 1'miMIU.l valley, I he two-spotted mit is tho ,(V invrviiMn(r lho proportion most difm ult to control because it , of fr(Vi) oj A (.on,pt,t,. ,-hanee spins a w.b ovr the surfa J'Cjf oil Is recommended "bout evcrv the h-af which proteets it from the i i,nMra nt rimniTIr lm sprr.y. It requires at least one and one h:ilf gallons of summer oil to I nun hundred gallons of water to i couirol tills species." Tho Kuro- neap led mite i easier controlled because II does hot spin a web and it is easier to c't contact with the spray, t ue gallon of medium oil to one hundred gallons of wat er or one and one-quarter gallons of It-hl should give good control. I Summer oils should not have viscosity almve ?T because of the lnuia:; interierenee with n-spira- tion of the plant which would tend to hinder grow ih and reduce the size ef the fruit especially where I se eral application. were made. A'finmenr "'imnitT eil bnvini n re'tnr t.wi)t of so'iite s ;To'ii'd !' ' per cent v ill mos; saiislactory A low viscosity oil of bis ti re- -rn1liti ir' FARM POINTERS (From the Farm Journal) Hecord Cultivating What constitutes a good day's work at cultivating with a tractor? Two experienced operators aiibwer this question. One covers 18 acres in a 9-hour day. The other averages l; acres a day. Both find the trac tor more economical than horses. Check Impure Seed Now Now is the time to check the loss that results from the use of impure seed. Clean seed means not omy a belter yield and less work in weed control, but also less dock age and a better quality of grain at harvest time. Inspections regularly show that at least 5 per cent of harvested grain is dockage. This Is Corn Farming Here's a record in corn produc tion niiirin hv f O. Watsnn. Pnra houtas county, Iowa. Using a three - row planter. Watson planted 200 acres in four and a half days. His cultivator covered -10 to 50 acres a day. A single-row mechanical pick er husked from -100 to 600 bushels a day. Total yield was 11,800 bushels. ur but ' t.ood equipment makes a cooil farmer better," Is a slogan well known and advertised throughout tiie country, according to C. K. iHiiio.iig, manager ni ine jugias wuere tt wheel t,-actor could not ( oiinly I-arm ftureau Exchange. , ouerale successfully. The ground Ibis slogan, however, should be awa8 l00 8Qlti too sandy, too muddy good Implement dealer makes a Qr l00 fliUy To combut tUese con itood tarmer better,' Mr. Banning ditiou3 a ciawler type of tractor declares. I had to be developed. We are in- A good dealers first requirement clined to tnillk ot lnl8 type of trac- -.w. xjciuumik oajn, ih nint. ne uiuai. possess the confidence of the farm ers in his territory, not only in his honest and fair dealing, but in his know ledge of the ability of his ma chinery to perform the tasks for which it is designed. -"He must also regard himself," Mr. Hanlling says, "not as the seti- J ing -agent of the manufacturer, but cal adviser for his customers He must ask first, not can I sell this tuarhinn nt n lirnflt?' hut Van mr machine at profit: but 'can my customer use this machine at a profit.";" LUBRICATIONDNE OF CHIEF POINTS IN TRACTOR CARE Tractor care Is a simple job. It means following a few bayic prin ciples and kcpitig In mind the chief causes of tractor wear. Trac tor servicing may bo considered from these standpoints: Proper lubrication and attention lo need ed repairs. Service managers at tribute from Ou to 90" per cent of from thirty to one hundred and ail trouble to improper lubrica-1 twenty-five horsepower, lion. I Small Tractor Appears Ilest information regarding the Mr. Itoilin White, famed engineer type of oil to use in a particular ; of the White Motor company, al make of tractor may he found in 1 ready well known for the steam the manufacturer's instruction booklet, and Ihe proper grade for warm or eoM weather, in the oil dealer's lubrication chart. Afti.r mnvhlini. rrvwl nil f-vi.r:I poiiils should he remembered. I lirti:il changing of oil every day I'd t-.,..iAiiitiA,iilu,l ,n,li 4 mil iin ! lls ..... ,, ,, hv ,,,,, :,, ,,, ,,IU i,.n. ..' k .. r,,fjihnir. Followine this ; nrHLUf.- r.ul.i,-..U rr,..L.."Ko ,Iil. i l'n necessary use of the choke is a common cau.e of dilution and should he avoided. Idling or excessively slow ppeeds for long period and chatiiiiiif; over to kerosene or distillate before the motor Is w arm In cold weather will also allow rhs to accumulate In the combustion chambers and escape Into the crank-case. Oi puritiers or air washers arc notiiitiK more than waste baskets for dust and chaff, and if cleaned oiten am oihoi wise given at ten tion will protect tiie quality of the lubricating oil. t:iay he applied wirh alv so 'iite safety To btb f' nit and t'llwie t hi- has t" u tlioroi;i:hl d mtUi;iatcU all over the l'vciltc coast. Oxen and Horses Succeeded at Plow by Machinery; Steam First Used, Then Gasoline. Crawler Type Devised for Rough Areas Logging Operations Greatly Facilitated. Ily W. G. H ANN AM When man first came to the real ization that he had to stir the ground to make his seed grow he used a crooked stick for a plow. Mis motive power consisted of his wile or wives and sons, daughters and brothers. Twenty-three years ago the writer when in Kussla, saw a section of spike tooth harrow be ing pulled by the same motive pow er. Man soon learned to put his yoke of burden on the lowly cow which was a real "dual purpose" animal In those days. The donkey was also pressed into service and it was aud still Is in many parts of the world no uncommon sight to see a cow and a donkey hitched up together before a plow and a harrow. Heavy oxen superseded this weird combination and they horse. The horse will, before long, in turn wore supplanted by the take his place with his predeces sors In the field as the tractor year by year slowly gains in favor with the progressive farmer. Some five or six years ago at ( ! the lUIi state alr at Salt Lake i I City a sugar oeet grower iro.t i o. i is Luii, iso a breeder ot pure ured l'ercherons, told the writer mat when he discarded the oxen in favor ot horses for plowing his lather told him he was crazy, that horses were no good for plowing, they traveled too fast. He said it iooK him twenty years to find out that his father was right about horses not being the proper motive power lor plowing they don't trav el fast enough! Steam First Used Following the general use of 1 steam and steam engines for sta tioiutry work, naturally Ilia lirm tractors used for plowing were ateain tractora, mostly used on the prairies ot tho Dalioias una other suctions where the land was level, to break up the heavy sod. The weight and inconvenience ot these tractors was against them since grain did not grow well wherever me wheels ot me tractor nau pacit ed the ground. Soon came tho de velopment of the internal combus tion engine, the general use of it in the automobile and the stationary gas engine on the farm. it was not long before the sta tionary gas engine was mounted on wheels. Chains or gears connected the two and the first gasoline pro pelled tractor appeared in the field. Many refinements followed in the course ot years and today there are I manv excellent makes of wheel ,,.a,ni.B n iho markni j Debut of Crawler Type T,, on(1 i11,..(iVpr nn, Vet in ; ' sight. There were many places ,,ni. nrielnnl twentieth cen- tury idea, but about ten or twelve years ago tracks made out of hard wood plates with holes bored through them and held together with hardwood pins were discover ed in an old faim yard in Maine where some former farmer had us ed this device for a wagon for California, however, saw the first praciical application of this prin- . . . . . ciyle to a crawler type tractor, the first machine built 4iaving two ob long crawler wheels as drivers and a round wheel in from to guide it. The "tank" during tho war gave a tremendous impetus to the de velopment of this type of machine Holt, llest, I Jean company, the Trundaar company, the Bear com pany, the Hates company, the Cleve land Tractor company, tho Mon arch Tractor company and others all started building tractors of cravvHer design. Most of the tractor companies devoted their energies to the production of large tractors cars and 11 ucks and later gas cars and trucks he had built, lame lo California In 1915 a sick man. The .doctors had given him but a short lllllctolive. I Ilstead of dvinz. how - ver, he took a new lease on life through his observation of wnrkillif nf 1 ractni s and nntintr that ..-actors being built there were larce tractors and helicvint; there was a ureal field for a small, two plow tralor, he put his ensineering ability to work, returned to Cleve land, organized the Cleveland Trac tor company and within a Phort mne in 1H16. the model "It" Cleve- land tractor was put on the market. I his model and its successor the del "H" appearing in li-7 and : model IHls were produced under wartime .,..,o. .,iw. i high KradV mateiial wore dltticult 10 obtain. Iu the upring of 19: 0 the i anions uieirac uiuuri "w IZ horsepower at the drav. bar. was put ou the market and borne twen- ty thousand Cletracs were built in that year. eaw a slump in tractor production aud use. Some 1 Is different makes of tractors w ere beinu manuiacttli ed time the slump started and by VJ2h . the most of thorn had completely pass ed out of the picture. Most or the rt'Miaininc tractor companies nirc td. vetre tcoruauized or refinanced. the Cleveland Tractor company bc- jiug ouu I the very lew Uxat coa - tlnued with Its original president and engineer and most of its staff intact This concern never had to be merged or reorganized and in 1925 started on a program of ex pansion which Is still in progress. Developments In 1925 the model "W or 20". a three plow job with twenty horse power at the drawbar was produced and with its famous "one shot" oil ing system for the lower track w heels sprang into instant favor. It should be noted that all Cletrac "ratings" are horseiwwer "at the drawbar." The model "zuu- was soon followed by a model "30", thirty horsepower at the drawbar and a "four plow Job." Then came the super powered tractor Cletrac "100", designed for special heavy work. In 192S the Cletrac "40" a six plow tractor was put on the market followed this year by ihe Cletrac "80-60" a tractor designed for large farms where heavy com bines are still used, for logging in the great forests of the Pacific coast and for heavy road building and other construction work. In less than six years Cletrac has de veloped a complete line of crawler tractors, a record of which any com pany may well be proud. At the present moment we hear of and read In the papers of unrest, unemployment, or hard times. It is of particular interest to the people of this country to note that the .shipment of Cletracs to the Pacific northwest for the ifrst two months of 1930 has been five times great er than that of the first two nf ths of 1929. Business conditions ih our section of the country are well on the upgrade and the fellow that tells you anything to the contrary Is just trying to make you feel bud and get ou to sell what you have to offer at a lower price so he can get the benefit ot the cut in price. Don't believe him, it isn't so. To misquote our President Herbert Hoover, "get out your Cletrac and go to work." T OUT 60 PER CENT S WASHINGTON. March 12. More than 60 per cent of the 1928-29 cit rus crop, biggest in history, was marketed through cooperative chan nels. One California association handled 71.3 per cent of the Cali fornia crop. The citrus exchange in Florida marketed 33 per cent of the Klorida crop. Citrus fruits wore exported 1 more than 60 different countries io 1929, the total export exceedina 5,000,000 boxes. The United King dom and Canada are the. best cusloi mers. China, Now Zealand and tin f iilllpplues have become heavy im- porters. STORY 1 (Continued trom page Also wc wonder why it took them the same length ol time to admit the leaper, wtu-n even the first one did th work of six men. Uut we are almost as' slow today. "A fow years ago it was ascer tained that the average Inner In Argentine ws better equipped with American made machinery than the average farmer in this country. When the implement manufacturers began to realize this fact they start ed a survey and found that the largest part of the farmer s dollar was going for automobiles, radios and other non-producing items, while he was still using old, out-of-date implements, yet trying to com pete witli well equipped farmers in other countries where the labor costs gave a wonderful advantage As a result the farm machinery manufacturers launched a cam paign to encourage the farmer to reduce his production costs by the .purchase of suitable equipment thereby giving him better profits.' which, in turn, increases his buy ng power and is of economical heueil to everyone." Must Cut Expenses. Mr. Wharton proceeded to quote figures taken from Russia, show ing that vast acreages are being Illumed to wheat with the use of modern farm equipment, therehy secuiing production at very 'low cost. As the American farmer must pay out more for labor il is very necessary, the sneaker point ed out, that he utilize ve-y factor that will enable him to et his costs lo the lowest 1,0.1,'hlc mi,,!, mum.- ""ui. "Lower production cost s 1,0 Said, "sllnllhl )... ... , . , everyone particulirlv th chants of th,. cjtv' itai ' im0r" , tjon. Whenever ihe In, v'n ' Qf the farmer in l. ..1 . 7 n,OM,''r : , " "iny , ;. . ' Is seciton t!if.;if ., . ''i-"i aie degree, t'le Tf th" purchase of suiMhl.. l 1 . I h,'...i " . .1 ..." k . '.k '? ""'r'ase the : power of the farmer tVn ;t factor in deci I;,, whether is a l iHin-t ess 1 come to ih.' tood or we can help ,,im nuke poor If nn::e about Inn speudinir it Vision of the Future. - a.p fI1 th V'.i, . w,,iit airr,iH iu : ' ' , lttr,,""tt the to 1 l"'" ,llkt- 1 m ,,,,. .lti , ' ,'Vf;r he used '" "r time n t hf fnu-B LrwiJ.1 lU,l- but "l-nariy ,n ,?rU8.t Pay- 1 uiutrii k..., -;" ' IU'H!'K Itt 1 eJ?. ldl,7. of on the c. rj "".uiiik HUU IOP npu nn lare ranges. We may see the day when some dairy farmer will load a dozen or so o.' is milk cows "Uo rfii airplane and riv over Into nr North Vn.pqua ranCe where the grass Is good ami i.i tT '1 tlttK' th'MI hrin ,hrm dl "iciit. Atiywav it uin , .... i , . , ' ""i tioi lie , , MV ,u,,,re UUII, noine fi(m. r will load his produce into an K;mi MHIiclsro. ell hie load and return in tune to milk ltvealng the cows iu the
