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About The Bend bulletin. (Bend, Or.) 1903-1931 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 18, 1903)
9 r i I J PRESIDENT TO CONGRESS Chief Executive Sends Message to People's Lawmakers HANDLES MATTERS BEFORE PUBLIC Favors Lewis and Clark Exposition Undesirable Class of Immigrants Should be Kept Out Ap point Commission to Inquire Into Needs of Ship pingExtend Rural Free Delivery Better Legis lation for Alaska Panama Canal Question. WASHINGTON, Dec. T. President i erlme nml offenses an J the subject of Iloosivelt's meswgo to Congress wn rend ' naturnlliutioti. Ilecent Investigations before th Senate an J liouao today. The text of the mi i ii follow: To the Senate and Home of lteprecnta- Uvcj: The countrr la to be congratulated on the amount of substantial achievement which haa marked the paat year, both a retards our foreign and a regard our domestic policy. With a nation aa with a man the most Important thins are those of the house hold, and therefore the country Is spe cially to be congratulated on what ha been accomplished In the direction of pro viding for the exercise of supervision over the great corporations and combinations of corporations encased In Interstate com merce. The Congress has created tne ue- have shown it deplorable state of affair In these thnv matters of vital concern. II)' various frauds and by foruerles ahd perjuries, thousand uf acres of the pub- lie uomain. embracing lands of different character ard extending- through vari ous sectlonn of the country, have been dishonestly acquired. ALASKAN DOUNDARY. Decision of the Commission Removes Question Which Caused Alarm. For several years past tho rapid de velopment of Alaska and the establish ment of growing American intermit in regions therefore unsurveyrd and Imper- tnrrmi nml. In nuuiy Ittatuiice. so power ful ns U make It evident tliul liunollcont result would follow from their appear nnoo nt tho name llino before llio liar uf that miKtiHt tribunal uf eneo. Our hoiisH in that regard Imvn been re alized. Iluesln and Austria lire represent ed In the persons of the learned iitttl ills- iiiiruiiuiimi jmUts who compose tho tri bunal, wlilio Great llrltuln, Germany, Frtllicv, HiniIii, Itnly. llolglum, tho Neth erlands. Hneiiru i iid Norway. Mexico, the United Htittett and Venezuela nro rep resented by their respective ngent and counsel. Uueh an Imposing concourse uf nations presenting their arguments to and Invoking thn decision uf that high court of ItilerniillimMl Justice and International lioe win hardly fall to ecure n llko sub mission uf muny future controversies rh nation now upiKMtrlug there will nml It far iMiMer to npprnr there it second time, whtlo no nation ran Imitglnn Its Just pride will bo lessened by tallowing the ex ample now prevented. This triumph of wia principle or international arbitration Is n stibjeet of warm congratulation, and utters it happy augury for tho peace of inu wonu. partment of Commerce and Labor. Includ- u?" " , " " Y " """ trur the Bureau of Corporations, with for ".'""' VhTtoiUrii ,l,n,tlcn, ,'L,,n.n?1 the first time authority to secure proper CcOon. of tm'.Ti S T" ,h? AUrU. publicity of such proceedings of these ' V,'0," uoUJh .. .",' V? "ViT1 treat corporations us the public has the "J""J ";, t lh.?"1hln ,h rFf .' " ti.M . Ui,. u ha. nrovlded for the ' ?" "I""1. .PU,n ' Husela. the pro- expediting of suit, for the enforcement of """ "J"" V" ,ha - the Federal anti-trust law; and by an- J"- .? V. tT,::1 A,a,k,n other law It ha. seared equal treatment ?'n T?" ?'. to to nil producers In the transportation or . :v- TT",:',,,": ' ," ."T,"", " 7 .""" "r thj- Za. ihu. t-vmc- - ion stride "?. -" Blatva. of it strip of territory niong tne continental mainland from the weeiern snore ol I'ortland Canal m their goods, thus taking a lone stride forward In rMKlnr effectlvo the work of the Interstate Commerce Commlsswn. RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES Indications Are That the Surplus of the Present Year Will Co Small. Ftom alt sources, exclusive of the pos tal service, the receipts of the Government for the last fiscal year aggregated . C7L The expenditure for the Mine period were KXK.vM.W7. the surplus for the IUchI year being tit.37.7. The Indications are that the surplus for the present fiscal year will be very small, If Indeed there be any surplus. A targe surplus 'm cer tainly undesirable. Two years ago the war taxes were taken off with tht expresn Intention of equalising tho Governmental receipts and expenditures, and though the first yesr thereafter still showed n surplus It now seems likely that a aubstantlal equality of revenue and expenditure will be attained. Such being the case It Is of great moment both to exercise care and economy In appropriations, and to scan sharply any change In our fiscal revenue system which may reduce our Income. Need of Financial Situation. Tho Integrity of our currency Is beyond question, and under present conditions It would be unwise and unnecemary to at tempt a reconstruction of cur entire mone tary system. The same liberty should In- grsnted the Secretary of the Treasury to deposit the customs receipts as Is granted htm In the deposit of receipts from other sources. In my mearage of December S. 1501, I called attention to certain needs of the financial situation, and I again ask the consideration of the Congresa for these questions. . IMMIQRATION. Undesirable Class Must Be Kept Out, That Wanted Better Distributed. We can not have too much Immigration of the right kind, and we should have l. one at all of the wrong kind. The need ta to devise some system by which unde sirable Immigrants shall be kept out en tlrely while desirable Immigrants are properly MIstrlbuted throughout the coun try. At present some districts which need immigrants have none; and In others, where the population U already congest ed. Immigrants come in such numbers ns to depress the conditions of life for thoso already there During the last two years the Immigration service at New York has been greatly Improved, and the corruption nnd Inefficiency which formerly obtained there have been eradicated. This service has Just been Investigated by a commit tee of New York cltlrens of high sisni !ng. Messrs. Arthur V. Urlesen, Lee IC. Frankel, Eugene A. I'hllbln, Thomas W Hynes and Ilalph Trautmnn. Their report deals with the whole situation at length, and conoludes with certain recommenda tions for administrative and legislative action. It In now receiving the attention of tho Secretary of Commerce and Labor. FRAUDS IN PUBLIC SERVICE. Appropriations Urged to Investigate Land and Postal Affairs. In my last annual message, In connec tion with the subject of the due regula tion of combinations of capital which are or tmy become Injurious to the public, I recommend a special appropriation for the better enforcement of the antitrust law as It now stands, to be expended under the dlreotlon of tho Attorney-General. Ac cordingly (by the legislative, executive and Mount St. Kilos, following nnd wirround- ing me indentations or the coast and In cluding the Islands to the westward. Its description of the landward margin of the strip was Indefinite. ratlng on the sup posed existence of a continuous ridge or range of mountains skirting the coast, as figured in the charts of the early navl Wtors. n xtjg qu. tlons of revenue administration on the Btlklne niver led to the establishment of a provisional demarcation, crosilng the channel between two high peaks on either sldo, about :i miles tibovo the river mouth. In ISa slmll.tr questions growing out of the extraordinary development of mining Interests In the region about the hrad of Lynn Canal brought about a tem porary modus vlvendl. by which a con venient mparatlon was msde at the wawrsneti uividra or the White and Chll coot passes, and to the north of .-luk-wnn. on the Klehlnl Itlver. These partial oiiu icntauro aajusimcnts could not. In the very nature of things, be satisfactory or lasting. A permanent disposition of mo mauer oerame imperative. After unavailing attcmnta in runh understanding through a Joint High Com- misston, (ouoweu by prol.iflged negotia tions conducted In an amicable spirit, a convention between the L'nlted Btates and Oreat Britain was signed January Ji, IK, providing for an examination of the . Jeet by j mixed tribunal of six members, three on a side, with a view to Its final disposition, ltatlflrattona were exchanged on March 3 last, whereupon the two gov ernmenta appointed their respective mem Ura This tribunal met In London on September 3, under the presidency of Lord Alverstone. The proceedings were expeditious, and marked by n friendly and condcentlous spirit The respective cases, counter cases, ami arguments pre nented the Issues clearly and fully. On the Srth of October n majority of the tribunal reached and signed an agreement on all the questions submitted by the terms of the convention. CLAIMS AGAINST VENEZUELA. Reference to The Hague Court a Great Triumph for Arbitration. It will be remembered that during the second session of the last Congress Oreat Ilrltsln. Germany and Italy formed an al liance for the purpose of blockading the ports uf Venezuela and uring such other means of pressure as would secure n set tlement of claims due, as they alleged, to certain of their subjects. Their employ ment of force for the collection of these claims was terminated by an agreement brought nbnut through the offices of the diplomatic representatives of the United States at Caracas and the Government at Washington, thereby ending a situation which was bound to cause Increasing fric tion, and which Jeoparded the pence oi the continent. Under this agreement Veil n fl.i sgri-ed to . apart a certain per centage of the customs receipts of two of her ports to be applied to the paymsnt of whatever obligations might 1m ancer- talnwi by mixed commissions upjiolnted for that purpose to be due from bar, not only to the three power already men tioned, whose proceedings against her had resulted In n stato of war, but also to the United Slates, Franc. Spain. Ilslglum. tti Nottterlands, Sweden and Norway, and Mexico, who lind not employed force for tho collection of thn claims alleged to pe uue to certain or incir citizens. A demand was then mndo by tho so called blockading powers that the sums ascertained to be due to their citizens by such mixed commlmlons should bo ac corded payment In full before anything Judicial appropriation act of February 23, 1903. 12 Stat., ttt, 904), the Congress ap propriated, for the purpose of enforcing wal paii upon tne clams ot nny of , the various Federal trust and interstate- .called peace powers, Venezuela, on tho commerce laws, tho sum of t-.0 to bo . olher hand, Insisted that all her creditor expended under the direction of the At- ,outd bo paid upon a basis of exact torney-Oeneral in the employment of ape-1 equality. During the efforts to adjust cial counsel and agents in the Department this dispute It was suggested by tho of- Justice to conduct proceedings and powers In Interest that it should be re prosecutions under said lawa In the courts fcrrtd to mo for decision, but I was clear of the United States. I now recommend. ', y 0f the opinion that a far wiser course as a matter of the utmost Importance and would be to submit the question to tho urgency, tho extension of tho purposes of permanent court of arbitration at The this appropriation, so that It may be Hague. It seemed to mo to offer an ad available, under the direction of the At- mlrable opportunity to advance the prac-torney-Oeneral, and until used, for the tlce of tho peaceful settlement of dls due enforcement of the laws nf the United putts between nations and to secure for States In general and especially of the The Hague tribunal a memorable Increase civil and criminal laws relating to pubila of its practical Importance. The nations lowed by a corresponding Increase In lands and th laws relating to postal interested in the controversy were so nu-1 home-bulldlng. There la a tendency to RURAL FREE-DELIVERY SERVICE System Must De Extended, and Sal aries of Carriers Adjusted. The rural five dslltrry servlm Iihh been steadily extended. The attention of thn rungmp In asked to the question of the compensation of the letter carriers ami olerks engaged In the MMtNl service, especially on the new rural freo-ilellvery routes. More routes have been Installed since the tlrsl of July last than In any like period In the department's history While a due regard to economy must bo kept In mind In the establishment uf new routes, let tho extvnslon nf the rural fr delivery system must be continued, for reasons or sound public policy. No Gov ernmental muvement of recent years has resulted In greater Immediate benefit to tho people of the country districts. LEWIS AND CLARK EXPOSITION Congress Should Give It 8upport as Well as Recognition. 1 trust that tho Congress wilt continue to favor In nil proper was the taulilsna I'urchaie Kxpoalllon. This exposition commemorates the !,nutslana ureha, width was the Drat great step In the ex pansion which made us it continental Nation. The expedition of Lewis and Clark ncroas the continent followed there on, and marked the beginning ot the process of exploration mihI colonisation which thrust our Notional boundaries to the 1'aeinc. The acquisition of the Oregon Country. Including the present Stales of Oregon and Washington, was a fact uf Immense lmiortance In otir hlstury. first giving us our place on the I'sclHr sea board, and making ready the way for our ascendency In the commerce of the great eft of Ihe oceans. The centeunl.il of our establishment upon thn Western Coast by the expedition of I Is and Clark is to be celebrated at I'ortland. Or., by nil Kxpoeltlon In the Hummer of li and this event should receive recognition and sup port from Ihe National Government. DEVELOPMENT OF ALASKA. Legislation Is Needed and the Survey of Public Lands Urged. I call your special attention to the Ter ritory of Alaska. The country is develop ing rapidly, and It has an ossdred future. The mineral wealth Is great and has as yet hardly been tapped. The fisheries. If wisely immued and kept under National control, will be a business as permanent as nny otner, ana or tne utmost import ance to the people. The forests. If properly guarded, will form anotlier great source of wealth. I'urtlons of Alsska are fitted for fanning and atockrslMng. althouiru the methods must be adapted to the peculiar conditions or the country Alaska Is situated In the Far North: but o are Norway and Sweden and Finland, and Alaska can prosper and play Its part In the New World Just as those nations have prospered and p.ayed their parts In thn Old World, i'roper Is ml laws should be enaeted und the survey ef the public lands Immediately begun Coat-land laws hold be provided whereby the coal-land entryman may makn hln location and se cure patent under methods kindred to those now prescribed for homestead nml mineral entrymen. Salmon hatcheries, ex clusively under Government control, ihould be established. The cable should be extended from Sitka westward. Wagon roads and trails should be built, ami the building of railroads promoted In nil le gitimate ways. Lighthouses should be built along tho coast. HAWAII. Greater Power Should Be Vested In the Governor. I recommend that an appropriation be made for building lighthouses In Hawaii, ami taking ponessslon of those already built. The territory should be reimbursed for whatever a mounts It has already ex pended for llghthouaes. The Governor should le empowered In suspend or re move nny nlflclul appointed by him with out submitting the mutter to the LegLs Uituie. INSULARP038ES8I0NS. Philippines Should Be Knit Closer by Tariff Agreements. Of our Insulnr nosSMSlnns thn l'Mlln. pines and l'nrto HI It Is stratifying to say that their moody progrosx bus been sueh Uk to make It unnecessary to spend much time In discussing thorn. Yet the Ccngress should evsr keep In mind that a Mculbir obligation rmts upon us to runner iniiM In lingo holding" public lands, is peclitlly limber and KtHln land, mid thereby to retard settlriusnt. I isnsw mid emphiislin my reconiiusnilaltun of lart year that so far as Ihey nro avail i'jI frr nutleullurii In lis htoudest sense, mu to whatever extent Ihey limy be rechll.nml uitler tho national Urination '.aw, the ie mntnlng public lands should bo held rigidly for Ihu liuim-bulldar. Tlio nlisn tlon of tlio Congresi Is especially ditn'ted to the limber ami stone law, thn ilt-sort-l.nd law, und Ihu iHimmulntlon clause or the homestead law. which In lhlr oier utlim have In many respects oonlllrted w'lh wle vunll'-laiiil policy. The il'seus slons In Ihe Congress nnd elaswhere have mad It evident that there Is it ld ill velgencc of opinions between tlwiso luili lug opposite leH on these subjects; i r.d Hint the opposing sides have Hiring Mid rouvlnred representatives of weight Ih within and without the t'ougressi Ihe dif ferences being mil only ns to mutters of opinion, but us In mutters of fact. Reclamation of Arid Lands. The work of reclamation of the arid Inndi nf th West Is Droit resell! steadily ami satisfactorily under the terms of the law setting nalds lite, proceeds from tne disposal or public lands. The corps of engineers known ns the teclamnllnii service, which Is conducting the surveys and examinations, has broil thoroughly orgHnlMHl, especial twins being taken to seeuio under the civil service rules a body of skilled, experienced mid elllclrnt men. Hurves nml examination are progressing throughout the arjd stales nnd territories, plans for reclaiming works be ing prepared nnd lasted upon by boards of engineers before approved by the Sec retary of thn Interior In Arizona nnd Nevndn. In localities where such wurk la pre-eminently needed, construction hits al ready been begun. In other parts of Ih arid West various projects are well ad vanced towards tho drawing up of con tracts, these being delayed In part by neceaaltles of reaching agreements or un derstanding as regards rights of way or acquisition of real ealale. PRESERVATION OF FORESTS. Need There. f Is Recognlred Now as Never Before. The study of Ihe opportunities of recla mation of the vast extent uf arid land show that whether I hi reclamation Is done by Individuals, corporations, or Ihe stale, the sourres ot water supply must be effectively protected ami Ihe reservoirs guarded by Ihe preeervatlmi of the for ests at the headwaters of the streams. Thn engineers making the preliminary ex amination continually emphasize this need and urge that Ihe remaining public lands at the headwaters of Ihe Important streams ot Hie West he reserved to In sure permanency of water supply fer Ir rigation Much progress In forestry tins been made during the (Mint year The ne cessity for perpetuating our fereai re sources, whether In public or prlvnl hands, is recognized now as never be fore. The demand far forest reserve has become Insistent In Ihe West, because tho Wesl must use the water, woo. I and Hum mer range which only such reserve ran supply. The admin istrative feature of forest reserve area! present unsatisfactory, being divided Be tween three bureaus ef two driwrlmenls. It Is therefore recommended that lk mat ters pertaining to forest reserves, exeept those Involving or pertaining to la ml title, be consolidated In the Ilureau of Forestry of Ihe Department ot Agriculture. INDIAN AFFAIRS. Agents Should Not De Dependent Upon Partisan Politics. The Indian agent should not b depend ent fur their nppelntment or temiro of oilleo uion consideration of partisan poli ties: the practice nf appointing, when possible, ex-nnny officers or bonded super intendents lo thn vacancies that occur l working well. Attention Is invited to lh widespread Illiteracy due to Isek of pub lic echools In the Indian Territory. Prompt heed should be paid to the need of edu cation for the children In this territory. PENSIONS. No Other Class Deserves So Vell of the Nation as the Veterans. No other class of our citizens deserve so well of the Nation n those lo whom Ihe Nation owes Its very being, the vet erans of the Civil War. Hpoelal attention Is asked lo the excellent work of the reunion Ilureau In exiiedltlng nml ill. loosing of iwnslon claims. During the ImhmI year ending July I. IMS, the Ilureau settled JIl.Mt claims, an average uf I3t claims for each working day of thn )er. The number of settlements since July I, 1M. ban been In excess of last year's average, approaching IOC) claims for each working day. and It Is believed that the work of the Ilureau will bo current, at the eluse or Ihe present fiscal year. ' THE ARMY. System of Promotion by Mere Senior ity Is Not Well. The effect of tho laws providing a gen eral staff for the Ann. und for tlio morn effective use of Ilia National Guard, has been excellent Great Improvement haa been mndo In Ihe eltlclenry of our Army In roeent years. Such school ns those creeled at Fort Leavenworth and Fort Itlley und Ihe Institution of Full maneuver work aflcompllsliul satlefnctory results, The good effect of Iheso maneuvers upon the National Guard Is marked, and ample appropriation should Jio made to enubla tno guardamori of the sevnrul states to share In tho benvllt. Tho Government should us noon us possible secure sullubls pormanent ouinp niton for military man- 111 every wnv the walfnr nf i the communities. The l'hllllnnlnu uuvors In the various suctions of the oaiin Miould be knit closer to us by tariff ur- i irv- 'I,le servlco thereby rendered not rngumsnts. PUBLIC LANDS. Necessity for Revision of the Laws Is Pointed Out. The cash receipts or the General Land Offlee for tho last flseul year were Ill.WUUM. nn Incrcnio or 11.702,810.47 over the preceding year. Of this sum, approximately, tH.iClAti will go to Ihe credit of the fund for tho reclamation of ark" land, making the total of till) fund, up to tho Milt of June, 1901, ap proximately, f 16.191.830. Experience has shown that In the West ern Stnte themselves, as well as In tho rl of the country, there Is widespread conviction that certain of the publlc-.nnd Iuwh and the resulting admlnlstritlve practice no longer meet the present needs, T,o craracter and uses of tho remaining public lands differ widely from those of the public lands which the Congress had especially In view when these laws ware piijcd The rapidly Increasing rate of disposal of the public lanu m not ioi 'only to the regulur Army, but tu tho Nu tlonnl Quard of tho several states, will bo so great as to repay many times over the rolutlvcly small expense. THE NAVY. There Must Be No Let-Up In Work of Increasing It. Shortly after thn enunciation of that fa mous principle of American foreign pol icy now known as the "Monroe Doctrine," President Monroe, In it special messuga to Congreist, un Jnnuury 30, 1134, spoko as follows: "Tho Nuvy Is tho arm from which our Government will ulwuys derlvo moat aid In support of our . , , rights. Kvery power engaged In war will know tho strength of our naval power, the number of our ships of each class, their condition, and the promptitude with which wo may bring them Into service, and will pay duo consideration to that argumont." I heartily congratulate tho Congress upon the steady progress In building up the -merlcan Navy. We cannot afford a let-up In this great work. To stand still mean to go back. There should bo no cessation III milling lo the tTetlve uf ot tho Untiling strength uf the ilt-ou ISTHMIAN CANAL. Rovlew of Dealings With Colombia, and Recent Events. Ilv the net uf June l, IWJ, tint emigre Aiithoi Ized tilt I'realdont to enter into treaty Willi Colombia fur thn building of tho oh mil nvniss the latlumi of I'aitnmiti It being vruvlded that In Ihe event or failure In seriire such treaty nfler llin In pa nt u reasonable lima, recourse sliHIIIil be had to building n rninil llirnuxli Nl. pHNtxim. It has not been necessary in eolialder Ihls alternative, as I am eimtiteil to My before Ihe Memile n treaty prflVld Inn for the building of the eniml nernss Ihe Islhmtl of Panama. This war (lie route which commended Itself to the de. Illxrnte Judgment nf Ihe Congress, nnd we can now acquire by treaty Ihe right In construct th eannl over this ruutn. The question now. therefore, I net by which mule the Islhinlnn canal shall bo built, for that question has been definitely nnd Irrevocably derided. Thn question I simply whether or not we shall have en Isthmian cnmil. Mat Hprlng. under the nel above, re ferred to, a treaty ennoludeil between Ilia representatives of th lteptilille at Colom bia and ur our Government was rnUrled by the Senate, This Iresty ws entered InU nl Ihe urgent sollrllstlon of Ihe people ot Columbia, and after a body of kfisfi appointed by our Government especially lo go Into the matter or the route ssroa the lathlim had pronounced UHtfHllntHlely III favor of the Panama route. In draw. Ing up Hits treaty every concession wa made in the iieople and lo Ihe Govern ment nf Colombia. We wrre more I ban Just In dealing wlh them. Our genero It - was sueh as lo mnke It a serious mira tion whether we had not gone too far In their Interest at the expense of our own: for In our scrupulous deilr to My sll possible heed, not merely lo the real, but even o ihe fancied rights of our weaker neighbor, who already owed so mush to our protection nnd forbearance, wn yield ed In nil posaihl ways In her desires In drawing up Ihe treaty. Nevertheless the Government of Colombia not merely re. pudlftled the treaty, but repudiated It In such manner as in make It evident by the lime the Colombian Cungrra ad journed that not Ihe scantiest hope re mained of ever getting a sntlafsetsry ireaty from them The Government or Otlomltta made Ihe treaty, ami yet when the CeloHtbhui Congrem was called la ratify It Ihe vole against ralinealesa ww unanimous. II doe not appear that Ih government made any real eftert lo se cure ratification Immediately nfler th adjournment or the Congress a revolution broke out In ISmama. Thn people or Panama had Ions been discontented with the Heptihila of" I'olomlds. and tby had leti kepi quiet only by the pmapect of the eeftltH4n ef Ihe treaty, which wn lo them a matter nf vital concern. When It lieewm evident that tne treaty wn hopely (oat, the people of Panama rose literally a nnet man. Not n shot won fired by rt slngln man on the lalhmus In Ihe Interest ef the Colombian Government Not n llfn ws Imi In the n4ompllhmenl of Ih revolution. The Colombian troop sta tioned on Urn Isthmus, who had long ben unpaid, made common riuo with the poo pin of Panama, and with netontaMng unanimity th new llepuhlle was starlet), Th duty of the I'nlled Hlaln In Ihe premise was clear. In strict aeeordstn wllh the principals laid down by Heare tail's Os nnd Hsward In the offlilnl dou, menu above quoted, the United Stale gave rtollee that It would permit the landing of no exedltlonary force, Ike or rival of which would mean chaos ami de struction along ih llns of the railroad ami nf Ihe proposed eanal. ami an Inter rupllon of transit as an Inevitable ranee quenee. The tie fscto Government ot Panama wns recognized In the following telegram to Mr Rhrman: "The people or Panama have, by appar ently unanlmowt movement, deWlvrd tlmlr political connection wllh Ihe lletwh He of Colombia ami reaumeil I heir las lndcnre. When you are satisfied tfett n d facto government, republican In farm and without substantial opposition fremt II own peopl. has been established in th Minis of Panama, you wt enter IhIO rein I Inn wllh It a th respoftMble gov ernment or the territory and look lo It for all due action to protect the person mf property or citizen or the United Slate and to keep omhi the Isthmian IruiMll, In accordance wllh Ih obllitollip of existing treaties governing the rea. liens or the United States lo that terri tory." The control. In Ihe Interest of th sem mere and traffic of the whole civilized world, of Ihe mean or undisturbed lntn It ncroas th Isthmu or lanamH haa be come or transcendent Importance lo th l'nlted gut. We have repoatadly axsr clse-l IhU control by Intervening In tho course or demeotle dbwennlon. nnd by protecting th territory from foreign In vasion, in ItU Mr. Kvnrelt nteurrd the Peruvian Minister thai wn should not hes itate to maintain th neutrality or Ih Isthmu In th rase or war between Peru ami Colombia. In IM Colombia, whlsh haa alwna been vigilant to avail Haojf of Its privileges conferred by the Ireaty, expressed Its expectation Hut In the event or wnp between Peru nml Hpaln tho United Hlales would carry Into effect tlio guar ant of neutrality There have been few administrations of the Hints Department In which this treaty has not, either by thn one aldo or the other, been uaed n a basis of more or less Important demonds. II wn said by Mr. Fish In 1171 that the Department of fllnte had reason to be lieve that an attack upon Colombian soy. erelgnly on Ihe lathmus had, on several occasion, been averted by warning from this Government. Kvery effort has been made by tho Gov ernmmit of the United Hlatra to persuade Colombia to follow n course whleh wn ssnutlitlly not only to our Interest nml to tho Intereats or the world, but to tho IntereelH of tXilombln tlseir. Thsno efforts hnvo failed, and Colombia, by her persist euro In repulsing the advance that Imvn boon made, 1ms forced us, for Ihu sake of our own honor, und of tho Interest and well-being not merely or our own people, but or Ihe poople or thn Isthmus ot Pan ama and tha people of tho Llvllltcd coun tries of the world, (o tnlio decisive slop to bring to nn end n condition of affairs which had bocomu Intolerable Tho new llrpubllo of l'u n i! m u Immediately offered to nrgntlnle n treaty with us. This treaty f herewith submit, lly It our Intereats ore bettor safeguarded than in tho treaty with Colombia, which wa ratlDed by the Henato at II last session. It I better in Hh terms than tho treaties offered to u by tho llepubllc of Nicaragua und Cos tu ltlcu. At last tho right to begin this great undertaking Is made available. Panama has dono her purl. All that remains Is for the American Congress to do It part, and forthwith thl republla will enter upon tho exacutlon of a project colossal In Its size and of well-nigh Incalculable possibilities for the Kood of till country nnd tho nation of mankind. TIUOODOltia noOSHVELT, Whit House, December 7. IH. 'A