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About Independence enterprise. (Independence, Or.) 1908-1969 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 15, 1922)
Friday, December in, 1922 INDEPENDENCE ENTERPRISE Pajre Six CARPENTER TELLS OF YEARNS WORK County Agent Shows There Are Many Demands Upon His Services In sumarixing the work of the county agent for 1922 and in a state ment ass to future conditions, Paul Carpenter says: Polk primarily is an agricultural county. While no inconsiderable in come is derived from lumber and sev eral other industries, yet this is and always will be a section chiefly de-' pendent on the land for its income. Farm welfare is followed by busi ness prosperity. Interests of the bus iness people of Dallas, Monmouth, Independence and other points are identical with those of the folks on the farms and orchards. The agricultural income for 1922 is running about: For fruits - 51.200,000 Grains - 1,000,000 Hay and forage 400,000 Potatoes and other vege tables - 75,000 Dairy products 500,000 Poultry products 175,000 Other items including hops, wool and mohair, hojrs. beef stock, sheep! and goats, account for a large sum. I Let us take each of these main in- come producers and consider their j problems, how the county agent has j touched them, and what improvement ) may be expected in the future. ! But a part of the agricultural ex-. tension work is mentioned oeiow just a number of the outstanding , features. Much time necessarily j goes to office consultations, farm calls and other activities that may not fce grouped under the headings below. ' No county agent alone will get very far in farm improvement. There must be the hearty cooperation of many agencies, of local people, com munity leaders, farm and other or ganizations, the business people, and the extension service specialists who worked in Polk county a total of 291 days in 1922. It is safe, however, to state that but little of the work outlined below would have been brought to completion without an fcger.t on the job. In the planting, care and training of the fruit trees we have all degrees rr success. Some prune orchards, for instance, are making returns at 7 years, others not until they are 10 r older. Many mature properties are not yielding satisfactorily. This condition arises from difference in care, cultivation, fertilizing and prun ning. j The control of fruit pests, espec ially with apples and pears, has be- j come of first importance. Codling! moth and scab are always present. Other diseases and insects calling for regular attention are anthracnose of apples and cane fruits, mildew, aphis, curl leaf and blight of peaches, twig miner and bud moth with prunes. A most dangerous condition pre vailing in many orchards is the all but complete stoppage of wood growth at from 12 to 15 years. Trees seem to stand still in development, bear indifferently and take on the ap pearance of age. The condition is due to depleted soils. Trees must be fed just as truly as animals and we may not expect even the best ot soils to produce trees and fruit indefinitely without something going back on the land. ' Prune drying has its problems with the tonnage always crowding the capacity of the dryer houses. What is being done relative to fruits? In 1922 6 pruning demonstrations were conducted with an attendance of 130 growers. Pruning practice was modified on no less than 1800 ,-cres of trees as a result. Two schools on the control of the pests were held, reaching 81 growers. The entire program of spraying for the year was taken up step and step so the men might go home, prepare and apply sprays with effect. Throughout the season the fruit people were sent a circular letter just before the time to put on each spray, 9 letters being issued and 3,600 copies mailed. This service was ap preciated especially by the apple, pear and peach growers as each spray on these fruits must be timed care fully to do the work well. Four demonstrations right out in the orchards were made on the proper thinning of apples, 58 growers taking part. Eighteen apple orchards with an acreage of 211 were faithfully thinned later with a sharp increase in the size of the fruit and its value. Four carefully checked demonstra tions were conducted with cover crops in orchards. These promise to change materially our practices rela tive to kinds of cover crops and methods of stimulating heavy growth. One hundred fifty-two growers were given individual help in orchard difficulties, principally with insects and diseases. We' have 175 prune dryers, no two alike. They have all the peculiari ties and ills on the calendar. On request of operators 19 dryers were gone over thoroughly during the drying season, improvements in the operation worked out for 1G. When the green prunes are pouring in and the dryer "acts up" some one is los ing money and losing it fast This work was featured by close check on the temperature and speed of air travel in the tunnels. t Commercial potato growing in the Willamette valley is doomed unless I control is secured of several destrutf-j tive potato diseases. JMany fields j have gone down completely this n,d ( in other years from disease alone and virtually all fields are affected by wilt and other infection. The mul titude of types and varieties, too, have a bearing ori the market returns. Certification, involving three field inspections a season, is a most practi cable method not only in isolating and saving for seed the better lots of potatoes, but for giving the growers . needed information on disease con dition and potato types . A field entered for certification becomes the meeting place at inspection and other times of all interested growers in the neighborhood. In 1922 11 growers entered for cer tification 23 fields with a total of 52 acres. While most fields could not qualify for certification, every owner and his neighbors became thoroughly familiar with disease control methods. There are 6.000 milking cows in Poik county. Considerably less than 1,000 are purebred. Dairying is one of the major sources of the farm in come. Four of the 8 class records of the Jersey breed are held in this county, yet the average production per cow the territory over is not high. During the year just closing, 4 dairy farms have been used as meet ing points and 10 gatherings held on feeding, breeding and herd manage ment, reaching 167 dairymen. The average production can be doubled by feed alone. As the first step in the eradication of tuberculosis passage of the com pulsory test law was steered through the 1921 session of the legislature by the farm bureau dairy committee. In July and August, 1921, over 1900 head were tested for tuberculosis in order to acquaint breeders with the importance and method of doing the work. Thirty-one reactors were found. Dr. H. D. Peterson went on as county veterinarian Feb. 1st of this year and by Dec. 3lst will have made the first complete test of Polk county milk cattle. This will be a tuberculosis-free cattle county inside of 3 years. $5,225 represents the value of cattle moved by the breeders with the assistance of the agent in 1922. The poultry industry has just gone through a year of low values, but the the 100,000 hens of the county are a factor in the farm income and a revenue producer affecting nearly every farm home. Three demonstration plants were arranged to keep cost and production records for the year and to use ap proved methods of management. Seventeen meetings were held at these points, featuring feeding for eggs, hatching, brooding and culling; total attendance, 319. This work was well received in every section and drew poultrymen for long distances. The aim is to reach different commu nities each year with the demonstra tion farms and eventually to cover the county. Proper feed and regular care can double the average production of Polk county fowls. There are 49 varieties of wheat grown in the Willamette valley, all represented in Polk. The result is that the total yield from our 30,000 acres of wheat not only is lower than the proper kinds will make, but the wide mixtures of varieties are penal ized in grade when offered on the market. Six varieties would cover all the needs and well selected, sharp ly increase the yields. To a lesser extent these facts apply to our 25,000 acres of oats. For 3 years grain certification has been featured and certified stocks of 4,250 bushels are available for seed purposes for 1923. Two demonstrations on the survey, location and laying of tile were made during the year, the entire project being completed in each case, acreage 42. A careful survey of 2 swamped districts has been made, ownership maps worked out and preliminary work done on 2 drainage districts run ning into 2,500 acers. Copper carbonate promises to sim plify the treatment of grains for smut, minimize the seed killing and get fully as good control as the older practices. This method has been in troduced and will be watched closely. In 3 years 8,770 pounds of poisoned grain has been prepared by the agent and distributed at cost to 982 farmers. In many sections the grey digger has been completely checked; in all others a good start made towards bringing him within bounds. The annual pocket gopher tax on this county is not less than $30,000. Since Sept. 15th, 11,223 acres have been utterly cleared of this pest at a cost within 12V& cents an acre. A conservative estimate is that 14,000 gophers have been killed in this cam paign. Digger and gopner poisoning alone this year have netted savings of welt over 525,000. Months of time of necessity go to activities of a miscellaneous nature. Exhibits work has been supported and interest in fairs built up throughout the county. The Independence Corn Show has been mode the largest dis play of corn and of potatoes in West ern Oregon. Farm women have been organized into groups for the consideration of home problems, arranging 16 meet ings this year' with an attendance of 394. The situation relative to coopera tive marketing organizations has been steadied materially. Much informa tion bearing upon organization, ad ministration, finance, methods of handling, and sales have been brought to grower members. Five meetings on the markets situation were held with an attendance of 289. The outlook is encouraging. Far mers are alert and ready to make use of any assistance available. Busi ness interests recognize the sound ness of extension work and without exception approve its support. I look forward to a distinct im provement in the quality of our fruits. More intelligent care of trees and soil will give us larger prunes and an increase in acre tonnage. Apples and pears of unsaleable and shy-bearing varieties will be grubbed out, the balance given faithful attention as to pruning, pests, soil management, packing and marketing. Control of the cherry maggot and other insects and diseases will be had. There now is general demand for the bitter care of fruit properties. There is a strong movement to standardize on varieties of grains ami potatoes to do away with the mix tures and to raise the yield. The de mand for certified seed wheat could not be met in Polk this year, nor will it be met next season. Our men are ready to face the potato disease situ ation and, with some help, will gain control. Grey squirrels perhaps never will be eradicated, but shortly will become a negligible factor in crop losses. In 2 years the last gopher in this county can be cleared out. 04HMI4 ANNOUNCE THEIR THIRD ANNUAL ilfflf To be held in their Show Rooms 3 Friday and Saturday, Dec. 15-36 AFTERNOONS AND EVENINGS ENCLOSED CARS will be Featured including OVERLAND WILLYS-KNIGHT OAKLAND PAIGE JEWETT it I - MUSIC AND ENTERTAINMENT EVENINGS - Vick Bros. High St. at Trade, Salem L.r,- much more, study will be given feeding of all stock, especially dairy cattle and poultry. Better feed practices alone will increase the net returns immensely. Then will come better breeding. The common cow and the scrub hen can be but a memory 10 years from now. dixiHisal. well equipped kitchens and other devices and convenience that make home life agreeable are coming fust. Light is being thrown on "what happens in the dark" to the bushel of box of prunes, arid other product in the transfer from furm to roimum- Farm home conditions are due forjer's table. Some marketing al.UM-s wide improvement. $50 will put will be cormuu ana ..inner m simple water system in most homes their share in more economical dis and farm women are going to stop tribution by improving quality f carrying water from the well. House product and method wf pack. We lighting bath facilities, sewage may look for a narrowing of the "spreail in wu atttlriimimn , farms products. The county agent office by romriK consent i the headquarters fur lh iirtranixinir rnl (hi rli-tit inir him fm developing this work. Its primary otijeel in 10 increase me larm incm and make the farm home a thor oughly good place in which to liv , That the object arc Wing uttuinc. is attested by the work f the h' year and the feneral approval an supjwrt of farm people and olhn taxpayer. o emis&ikloiniaB Kinross siB CONTINUKS Your Xmas at a Saving i WITH ONLY SEVEN DAYS REMAINING in which to select Christmas gifts the necessity of shipping at once is of pressing importance if you would com plete your list in time. Every resource of this great store has been enlisted to the end that customer.'! mav find here, as in seasons pat, HEST SERVICE BEST VALUES BEST MERCHANDISE- POUNDS SUGAR Saturday Special GIFT SUGGESTIONS CANDIES AND COOKIES ETC. Your Christmas Supply at a Saving in price Extra Fancy French Mix Creams, per lb Plain Cream Mix, per lb Broken Taffey. yum, yum, it's good, per tb. Peanut Brittle, fresh each week, per lb. .... Old Fashion Grocers Mix, per lb. Broken Mix, the real Xmas Mix, per lb. , Old Fashion Chocolates, per lb. NUTS AND DRIED FRUITS will play an important role in your Christmas Dinner service Oregon Walnuts, per lb. ..r Larger sizes to 30c per lb. Brazil Nuts, per IT. Hazel Nuts, per lb -". -- - California Soft Shell Almonds, per lb. Bulk Seeded or Seedless Raisins, per lb. fooae Muscat Raisins, per 11) Bulk Black Fius, per tb Bulk White Figs, per lb. . Dried Peaches, per lb. New Oregon Split Prunes, per lb. . Citron Peel, per Va lb. Plug Tobaccos such as Star, Horseshoe, Climax Plug Xmas pkg. Chesterfield Cigarettes per carton We have a large lot of good Manila Cigars, retail forfc Will sell at each Prince Albert, 16 oz. jar, Smoking Tobacco in Xmas pkgs. . COFFEE, TEAS AND SPICES M. J. B. Coffee Is - 3s r People's Cash Store Special Blend PEABERRY COFFEE A very fine grade, special per lb. Cinnamon, 2 oz. Cans .... . Pepper,, 2 oz. Cans ... Nutmeg, 2 oz. Cans . Tree Tea, black or Japan V2 lb, pkgs. Gun Powrler Tea, bulk, per lb. . English Breakfast Tea, per lb. FLOUR Crown Flour, per sack per barrel Blue Ribbon Flour, per sack ., per barrell Del Monte, patent Flour, per sack per bid Pride of West Flour, sack . per bbl. .28 .19 .16 .20 .14 .10 .2.1 .1.1 .17 .17 .2H .15 .15 .21 ,18 .2.1 .07 .28 .77 1.43 .0.1 1.45 .42 1.19 1.9.1 ..10 .10 .07 .11 .28 ..10 .35 $1.!)9 7.75 1 .55 fi.00 1 .85 7.20 1.35 5.30 For Her Breakfast Jackets Kimonas Comfy Slippers Dressingn Gowns Until Robes Center Pieces Table Scarfs Pillow Tops Guest Towels Scarfs Sweaters Tea Apron Silk Waists Petticoats Skirts Suits Drosses Millinery Gloves Veils ' Handkerchiefs I.aee Collars Hand Bags Ivory Camisoles Woolen Blankets Indian Blankets Sheets Pillow Cases Table Linen linth Towels Towel Sets Pair of Pillows Doilies Robe Blankets liath Mats Bed Spreads Break fast Cloths Satin Boudoirs Silk Underwear Silk Gowns Lingette Chimcse Fancy Pajamas Silk Brassiers Dressing Gowns Morning Jackets Morning Jacket Kid Gloves Cape Gauntlets Kerchiefs Vestees Fancy Ribbons Ready-to-wear Footwear For Him liath Robes Slippers Shirt Sox Ties 'Moves Sweater Coats Hats Cans Silk Scarfs Kerchief Overcoats Rain ('oats Suits Night Shirts Pajamas Suspenders Clothes Brushes Wool Shirts Wool Sox Wool Underwear Wool Glove Purse Hill Folds Kid Gloves Silk Shirts Heaver Hats Uelts Pongee Kerchiefs T'njunions Crocheted Ties Cheney Ties Novelty Tie Traveling S'ets Shoes Pullovers Coats wen ters For Little Sis , Book a Game Dresses Coata Middies Sweaters Shoe Slippers Stocking Hats rt.iin fspes f!nth Robes Kerchiefs Glove Dressing Sucqtie 'Kuney Ribbon Pursc-H Ivory Sets For Baby Brother Dolls Toys Books . Ribbon Novelties jvnry Sets Silk Knitted CP Silk Stockings Shoes Bootees Sweater Sets Hlankets Cnrriuge Robes Mittens Leggings Cashmere Sncques Rattles Bibs Coats Dresses Rompers Silk Comforts Novelties BRING THE CHILDREN IN TO SEE SANTACLAUS FREE GIFTS TO CHILDREN ACCOMPANIED BY PARENTSSATURDAY FROM 1 TO 4 HO tH