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About Heppner gazette. (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 15, 1910)
1 TAFT'S MESSAGE DELIVERED President Recommends Tariff Reforms and Parcels Post, and Urges Ship Subsidy Measure. Tn year hat been notable as witnessing the pacific settlement of two Important In ternational controversies before the perma- cent court of The Hague. The arbitration of the fisheries dispute between the United States and Great Britain, which has been . the source of nearly continuous diplomatic correspondence sime (life fisheries conven tion of ISIS, has given an award .which is . satisfactory to both parties. .,. The tribunal constituted at The Hague - y the governments of. the United States and Venezuela has completed its deiibera - tions and has -rendered an award in' the case of the Orinoco Steamship Company against Venesuela. The United States proposed that the ln " ternatlonal prize court, when established, should be endowed with the functions of an arbitral court of Justice under and pur suant to the recommendation adopted by the last Hague conference. The replies re ceived from the various powers to this pro posal inspire the hope that this also may . be accomplished within the reasonably near , future. ' 1 Congress at Its last session passed a law c. providing for the .appointment of a com . ji mission of five members for tha purpos of limiting the armaments of the nations of the world by international agreement. I have not yet made appointments to this commission because X have Invited and am awaiting the expressions of foreign govern ments as to their willingness to co-operate with us in the appointment of similar com t missions. ( Several Important treaties have been ne gotiated with Great Britain in the past 12 months. A preliminary diplomatic -agree ment has been reached regarding the arbi tration of pecuniary claims which each gov ernment has against the other. The con , vention. concluded January 11, 1908, be tween the United States and Great Britain, providing for the settlement of International ' differences between the United States and Canada, including the apportionment be tween the two countries of certain of the baundary waters and the appointment of commissioners to adjust certain other que tions, has been ratified by both governments and proclaimed. In November last the monarchy of Por tugal was overthrown, a provisional repub lic was proclaimed and there was set up a de Tacto government which was promptly recognized by the United States for pur poses of ordinary Intercourse pending for mal recognition by this and other powers. The new kingdom of Montenegro also was recognized. The negotiations which have been under taken for' the amelioration of the condi tions found in LJberia by the American com mission are being brought to conclusion. Relations with all Latin-America are satisfactory, their cordiality being mani fested by the receptions accorded to spe cial Embassies cent to the centennial celebrations of Argentina, Chile and Mexico. The International Bureau of American Republics Is doing a broad and useful work. Tha successful mediation of the dispute between Peru and Ecuador has proven t,he value of cordial co-operation, Negotiations regarding the refunding 3f the bonded debt of Honduras have been under way for more than a year, and It Is now confidently believed, he says, that a short time win sunice 10 couciuue an arrangement which will be satisfactory to foreign creditors and eminently ad vantageous to Honduras. The President then reviews the rebel lion In Nicaragua and "the unwarranted execution of two American citizens who had regularly enlisted in tha ranks of the revolutionists," which involved the breaking off of all diplomatic relations with the Zelaya government, ana adds: The moderation and conciliatory spirit shown by the various factions give ground for the confident hope that Nicaragua will soon take its rishtiul place among tne law abiding and progressive countries of the world. It gratifies me exceedingly to announce that the Argentine Republic some months ago placed with American manufacturers a contract for the construction of two battle ships and certain additional naval equip ment. The extent of this work and its Im portance to the Argentine Republic make the placing of the bid an earnest of friendly feeling teward the United State. Universal application has been given by negotiation, followed by 134 procla mations "embracing the entire commer cial world," to the minimum tariff clause. The message continues: Marked advantage to the commerce of the United State were obtained through these tariff settlement. Foreign nations are fully cognizant of the fact that under section two of the tariff act the President is required, whenever he Is satisfied that the treatment accorded by them to the products of the United State is not such a to entitle them to the benefits of the minimum tariff of the United States, to withdraw those benefits br proclamation, Kivinr 60 days' notice, after which the maximum tariff will apply to their dutiable products entering the United State. In its general opinion this section of the tariff law has thu far proved a guaranty of contin ued commercial peace, althougn there are, however, Unfortunately, instance where foreign governments deal arbitrarily with American interests within this Jurisdiction In a manner injurious and Inequitable. The policy of broader and closer trad relations with the Dominion of Canada, which was Initiated in the adjustment of the maximum and minimum provision of tha tariff act of August, 1909, ha proved mutually beneficial. It Justine further ef fort for th readjustment of the commer cial relations ef the two countries, so that their commerce may follow the channels natural to contiguous countries and be com mensurate with the steady expansion of trade and induatry on both side of the boundary line. The Argentine battleship contracts, like the subsequent important one for Argentine railway equipment and those for Cuban government vessels, were secured for our manufacturer largely through th good of fice of the Department of btate. The effort of that department to ecur for citizens of the United State equal op portunities in the market of th world and to expand American commerce have bn nut successful. The volums of business obtained in new fields of competition and upon new line I already very great, and Congress is urged to continue to support the Department of State in it endeavor for further trade expansion. I cannot leave this subject without em phasizing th necessity of such legislation a will make possible and convenient th establishment of American banks and branches of American banks in foreign countries, especially In Latin-America. Another instrumentality Indispensable to the unhampered and natural development of American commerce is merchant marine. Ail maritime and commercial nations, our competitors. Jealously foster their merchant marine. Perhaps nowhere is the need for rapid and direct mall, pasenrer and freight communication quite so urgent as between the United States and Latin-America. fe can secure in no other quarter of the worli uch immediate benefits in friendship and commerce as would flow from the establish ment of direct lines of communication with the countries of Iatin-America. Unless prompt action be taken the com pletion of the Panama Canal will find this the only rreat commercial ration unable to avail itself of this great contribution to the means of th worlds commercial lnter- - course. Quite aside from the commercial aspect, unitss we create a merchant marine, wner can we find the eeafarlrg t'.pulatlon neces sary as a natural naval reserve and where could we find, in case of war. th trans ports and subsidiary veaaels without which a naval fleet is arms without a body? For many reasons I cannot too strongly urge upon th C'-Tres the paaaare of a measure by mail eutstdy or other aibventlon ade quate to fuarante th establishment and rapid deAei'pment of an American mer chant rr.ar'ne. the restoration of the Ameri can flag to Its ancient place upon th aeu. Th extension of civil service rules to the Consul and th gradual acquisition of diplomatic residence abroad are advised, Every effort ha been made by each de partment chief to reduce the estimated cost of his department for th - ensuing fiscal year ending June 80, 1912.' These estimates present th smallest sum which will inalu taln th departments, bureaus and offices of the Government and meet Its other obligations under existing law. and a cut of these estimate would result In embarrass ing the executive branch of the Government In the performance of it duties. This re mark does not apply to the rivers and har bors estimate, except to those for expanses of maintenance and th meeting or ohiifa tions, under authorised contracts, nor doea li apply to th nubile building bill nor th Navy DuUdlng programme. The President says thai "as" an in come-producing measure the existing tariff bill never has been exceeded, by any customs bill in the history of the country." He continues: The corporation . excise tax, proportioned to the net income of every business corpora tion in the country, has worked well. The tax has been easily collected: Its prompt payment indicates that the Incidence of the tax has not been heavy. It offers, more over, an opportunity for knowledge by th Government of the general condition and business of ail corporations and that means by far the. most important part of th busi ness of the country. In the original act pro vision was made for the publication of re turns. Thi provision was subsequently amended by Congress and the matter left to the regulation of the President, I have directed tho issue of the needed regulations and have made it possible for the public generally- -to know from an examination of the record, the returns of all corporations, the stock of which 1 listed on any public stock exchange or 1 offered for sale to the general public The return of thos fcor porati'on whose stock is not so offered for sale are directed to be open to the inspec tion and examination of creditors and stock holders of the corporation whose record i sought. - ; The President reviews th creation of the Tariff Commission, created . in the hope "that the question of the rate of a duty imposed shall become more of a business question and less of a political question, to be ascertained! by experts of long training and accurate knowl edge." He indicates that the Board will not be able to report at this session, but he hopes to be able to present results at the opening of the new Congress. He renews his advocacy of the plan, of which he says: It facilitates the removal of noteworthy defects In an Important law without disturb ance of business prosperity, which is even more Important to the happiness and the comfort of the people than the elimination of Instance of Injustice in the tariff. Whether or not the protective policy Is to be continued and the degree of protection to be accorded to our home Industries, are questions which- the peoi-le must decide through their chosen repisentattves; but whatever policy is adopted. It is clear that the necessary legislation should be based on an impartial, tnorougn ana sontinuous study of the facts. The messag favors the passage of the bill amending the Volunteer act, and provision for a commission to determine a comprehensive policy for the organiza tion of the Regular Army, the organized militia and the volunteer forces. More competent officers of the rank of Cap tain are needed to teach the new Army, that It may be prepared in time of emergency. Another bill, the adoption of which is urged, is the one providing for 60 more Army Engineers. "The short ness of supply of such officers," the mes sage says, "delays important river and harbor work and important fortification work. I earnestly recommend the pas sage of this bill which passed the House at the last session and is now pending in the Senate." Of fortifications, the message says: I hav directed that th estimates for ap propriation for the Improvement of coast defenses In th United State should b re duced to a minimum, while thos for the completion of th needed fortification at Corregldor, in th Philippine Islands, and at Pearl Harbor, In th Hawaiian Islands, should be expedited a much as possible. The proposition to make Olongapo and Subig- Bay th naval base of th Pacific was given up, and It 1 to be treated merely -J a supply station, whil th fortification in th Philippine are to be largely confined to Corregldor Island and the adjacent Isl and which command entrance to Manila Bay, and which ar being rendered lmpreg nabl from land and aa attack. The Pacific naval bas has been trans ferred to Pearl Harbor, in the Hawaiian Isl ands. Thi necessitates th heavy fortifi cation of th harbor and the establishment of an important military station near Hono lulu. I urge that all the estimate mad by the War Department for these purposes be approved by Congressional appropriation. Completion of the Panama Canal with in the time set, January 1, 1915, and with in tha estimated cost, $375,000,000, is as sured. The slides reported in the Cule bra cut are due to disintegration of igneous rock In exposure, to the air and will Require additional allowance of 10, 000,000 yards of material to be removed. This offers no serious obstacle, but would have been so grave in the case of a sea level canal as to have "taxed the patience of the American people." The President reiterates his opinion that the canal should be fortified. On the subject of tolls to be charged, he quotes the opinion of an expert that "a dollar a net ton would not drive busi ness away from the canal, but that a higher rate would do so." He adds: In determining what th tolls should b we certainly ought not to insist that for a good many year to come Ihey should amount to enough to pay the interest on th investment of $400,000,000 which th United States has mad in the construction of the canaL We ought not do this at first, because the benefit to b derived by th United States for this expenditure ar not to be measured eoiely by a return upon the Investment. If It were, then the con struction might well hare been left to pri vate enterprise. It was because an adequate return upon th money Invested could not be expected immediately, or In Ui near future, and because there were peculiar po litical advantages to be derived from the construction of the canal, that It neces sarily fell to th Government to advance the money and perform th work. In addition to tb benefit to our naval strength, th canal greatly Increases the trad facilities of th United States. It will undoubtedly cheapen the rates of trans portation in all freight between the eastern and western seaboard and it will greatly Increase that trad by reason of th reduc tion In Its cost. Then. If w ar to hav a world canat, and if w are anxious that the routes of th world's trad shsll b through th Panama Canal, w must rc ognlz that w hav an active competitor in th Suez Canal. Then, too, there ar other mean of crossing the isthmus by the Tehuntepec railroad and by other rail roads and freight routes In Central Amer ica to th Atlantic side. In all these cases the question whether th Panama Canal Is to be used and Its tonnage increased would b determined later by th charge for lis use. My own Impres sion is that th tolls ought not to exceed (1 per net ton. On Jsnuary 1, lull, th tolls In th Sue Canal are to b 7 frncs nd 25 centime for on net ton by Suez Cnal measurement, which is a modifica tion f Danub measurement, A dollar ton will cur. under th figures above, a groea Income from th Panama Canal of nearif 17.0O0.OO0. Tb cost of maintenance and oparatlon Is estlmsted to exceed .!, ImOvi. Ultlmtely, of cours. with the normal in' rest In trade, tb lncom will pproxlmat tn Interest charge upon th investment. On th whole, I should rcommnd that within certain limits th President b Au thorised to ex th tolls of th canal and adjust them to what eema to be com mercial ceceaalty. Th maintenance of the completed canal la discussed at length, Mr. Taft would add to the equipment facilities for fur nishing drydock, fuel, rrpalrs and supply facilities to the trade of the wor.d. Tills should he undertaken by the Govornment nrther than by private enterprise, Mr. Taft believes. He adds: I cannot close this reference to the canal without suggesting as a wise addition to the Interstate commerce -law a provision p -oliibltlng Interstate commerce railroad from owning or controlling ships engag In trade through the Panama. Canal. - I be lieve such a- provision is needed to sav the people 'of the United States tha benefit of th competition in trade between th eastern and western seaboards which th canal will be constructed to secure. t The duties of the Department of Jus tice have been, greatly -increased by leg islatlon, .enacted "(n th Interest of th general welfare of . the people and ex. tending Its activities Into avenues plain ly within the constitutional Jurisdiction, but which it has not been thought wfse or necessary for the General Governinen heretofore to occupy." The organization has been so Improved that a vast amount or business has been disposed or. par ticular attention is called to prosecutions of "bucket ahops,"; frauds which have misused the mailing privilege and vio lations of the anti-trust law. V Recommendation of a federal Incorpor ation act Is renewed.,-. ICdngres is urged to pay promptly just claims against the Government, delay in.the. paymentiof which injures the refutation of the Gov ernment as an ,iion,est; debtor. Slmfjier Judicial procedure la advised. The mes sage says: ., v ( On great cryjng-'need, in the United States Is cheapening the cost of litigation by sim plifying Judicial procedure and expediting ilnal Judgment, Under present conditions, the poor man is at a woeful disadvantage In a legal contest wlth a corporation; or ncn opponent.- The-,heojftliy for the rerurm exists both in the United States Courts and In all state courts. In order to bring? it about,, however, it naturally f .lls to the General Government by Its example to fur nlsh a model to all states. A legislative commission appointed by Joint resolution of congress to revise the procedure in .vie United States Courts has as yet made no report,. Under the law the Supreme Court ofthe United States has the power and Is given the duty to frame the equity rules of procedure which are to obtain In the Federal Courts of first Instance., In view of the heavy burden on pressing litigation which that court ha had to carry, with one or two oC- its members Incapacitated throuirh 111 health It has not been abl to -'take up problem of Improving th equity procedure, which, has practically remained the same since th or ganization of the court In 1789. It I rea sonable to expect that with all th vacancies upon th court filled, it will take ud the question of cheapening and simplifying the procedure in equity rules In the courts of the United Stat. The equity business Is much more important In the Federal Courts, and I may add. much th more expensive. I am strongly convince that the best meth od of improving Judicial procedure at law Is to empower the Supreme Court to do It through th medium of th rules of the court, as In equity. This is th way In which It has been done in England and thor oughly done. The simplicity and expedition of procedur in the English court today make a model for the reform of other sys tems. No man ought have as a matter of right a review of his case by the Suprem Court. Ha should b satisfied by one hearing be fore a court of first Instance and one re view by a court of appeals. The proper and chief usefulness of th Supreme Court, and especially of the Supreme Court of the United States Is. In the case which come before It, so to expound the law and es pecially the fundamental law the Constltu tlon as to furnish precedents for the Infe rior courts in future litigation and for the executive officers In the construction of statutes and fhe performance of their legal duties. Therefore, any provisions for re view of cases by the Supreme Court that cast upon that court the duty of passing on ques tions of evidence and the construction of particular forms of Instruments, like indict ments, or wills, or contracts, decisions not of general application or lmportai.ee, merely burden the court and render more "iffi-'ult Its higher function. The Supreme Court is now carrying an unnecessary burden of ap peals of this kind, and I earnestly urge that it be removed. I wish to renew my urgent recommenda tion made In my last annual message in favor of th passage of a law which shall regulate the issuing of njunctloni in equity without notice in accordance with the best practice now In vogt-e in the courts of the United States. 1 retard tins or ebpeciai im portance, first because it has been promised, and second because it will deprive those who now complaiu of certain alleged abuse tn th Improper Usulng of Injunctions with out notice of awy real ground for further amendment and will take away all sem blance of support for th extremely radical legislation the propose, which will b most pernicious If adopted, will sap th founda tions of judicial power, and legalize that eruel social Instrument, the secondary boy cott. I further recommend to Congress the pass age of th bill now pending for the Increase In salaries of the Federal Judges. The cost of living 1 such, especially in the large cities, that even th salaries fixed in the pro posed bill will enable th incumbents to ac cumulate little, if anything, to support their families after their death. The postal savings bank system will be extended gradually. The application of business principles has resulted in the return of Jll.500,000 of the 17.600,000 ap propriated to cover the estimated de ficit. The Postmaster-General's esti mates for the present year are so low as to be within the expected revenue. First, second and third-class postmas ters should be placed In the classified service. The message adds: It is more logical to do this than to class ify the fourth-ciass postmasters, for th reason that the fourth-class postoffices are usually small and tne postmasters ar necea aarlly men who must combine other busi ness with th postmastershlp, whereas, th first, second and third-class postmaster ro paid a sufficient amount to Justify th re auirement that they shall have no other business and that thy shall devot thel attention to their postoffice duties. To classify first, second and third-class post masters would require th passag of an act changing the method of their appoint ment fto as to take away the necessity for the advice and consent of tb Senate. I am aware that this 1 inviting from th Senat a concession in respect to It quasi- executive powers that Is considerable, but I believ It to be In tne. interest of good ad ministration and efficiency of service. To mak this change would tak th post master out or politics; would reliev Con gressman who ar now burdened with the necessity or making recommendation ror the place of a responsibility that must bs lrksom and can create nothing but trouble; and It would result In securing greater at tention to business, greater fidelity and con sequently greater economy and efficiency in th postoffice which they conduct. Tb unrestricted manner In which th franking privilege I now being usd by the several Federal services and by Con- gre has laid it open to serfou abuse. Whil It ha been Impossible without a bat ter control or rranking to determine th ac tual expens to th Government or this practice, there can be no doubt that it an nually reaches Into th millions. As th first step in th direction ot reforms, special stamps and stamped envelope hav ben provided for us Instead of frank in th free transmission of th official mall re sulting from th business of th new postal saving system. By properly recording th issuanc ot such stamp and envalop, ac curst record can be kept of th cost to the Government of handling th post! av ings mall, which is certain to become an Important Item of expense and on that should separately determined. In my last messag I invited th atten tion of Congress to th Inadequacy of th postal rats Imposed upon sscond-claa mall matter Insofar as that Include magazinea, and showed by figures prepared by experts of the Postoffice Depsrtment that th Gov ernment wouldi b rendering a vervfc to the magazines, costing mny millions in ex cess of the compensation paid. An answer was attempted to thi by th representatives of th magazines, and a reply wa filed to thi answsr by th Postoffic Department, The utter Inadequacy of th answer, con sidered In the light of the reply of th Post offic Department. I think, must appeal to any fair-minded person. Whthr th an swer wss all that could be said In behalf of the magazine 1 another question. I azre that th question I on of fact; but I Insist that If th fact Is a th expert of the postofTlcs Depsrtment show, that we ar furnishing to th owner of magazines a service worth million mor thn they pay ror It, then justice require that th rt should b Increased, Th Inert In th rc!pt of th department resulting from thi chng may b devoted to Increasing th UMfulne) of tb department ia tab- llshlng a parcul post and In reducing th cost of flrst-cluss posmtte to 1 cent. It has been snld by the Postmnstcr-Genoral that, a fulr adjustment might bo made under which the advertising part of the magazine should be charged for at a different and higher late- than thnt from the reading matter. This would relieve many useful maxuHnes thnt are not circulated at a profit, and would not shut them out from the use of the mails by a prohibitory rate. With respect to the parcels post, I re spectfully recommend it adoption on all rural delivery routes, and that 11 pound the International limit be made th'e limit of carriage In such post, and this with a view to Its general extension when the Income of the postoffice will permit It and th pos tal savings bank shall have been fully estab lished. ,X)ia sum argument is made against the parcels post that wis made against the postal- suving bank that It I Introducing the Government Into a business that ought to be -conducted by private person, and Is paternalism. Th Postoffice Department has a great plant and a great organization, and, with this machinery, it is able to do a great many thng.s . wojmoroJcaHy, that If a new organization were necessary It would ba 1m- posslbtete Jo ,w,lthq,ut. xtravagant expendi ture. That Is the reason why 'th postal saving .-lyawkcan:. be- earned on. at a small additional cost, -an why It I possible to incorporate "at a Very inconsiderable ex pense, -a, paroals.-.Doat In -h rural 'ttelljicry system,. A general parcels post will ln- voive-a much greater -outlay; V ,.'(i.f ' '..SWJJl reerenice.,.: to ,th - government ,ot Alaska 1 have nothing to add to' th recorri mehdatronir" 1 'made "In my' list 1 message-, o fttrat-subjeot -I. am.-.convlnced.' that the' migratory- character of the population, Its unequal distribution, " arid its sm'allness of number, which, the new cetisus shows to he about 50,000, In relation to the enormous expanse of territory, make It altogether im practicable to give to those people who ar m Alaska today and mav not he there a year henc the power to elect a Legislature to. .govern an lm,mense territory to which they have a relation so little permanent. It 4s fas-better for the. development of the territory Jhat It b committed to a, com-1 mission. - to b appointed by the Executive.! witn- limited legislative powers auft c ent v uiuau iu niecL ma local neeas. man to con tinue the present Insufficient governmen with a few remedial powers, or to make i popular government wner ther is no proper foundation on which to rest it. The suggestion that the appointment f commission will lead to th control of tne government by corporate or selfish and exploiting Interests . has not the slightest rounuatioo in ract. sucn a governmen worked well In the Philippines and would wor wen in Alaska, and those who are really Interested in the proper development or tnat ...territory tor the benefit of the people who live In It and the benefit of cue people or tn united (States, wbo own It, should support the Institution of such government, I have been asked to recommend that the credit of the Government be extended to aid the construction of railroads in Alaska am not ready now to do so, A great my millions of dollars have been already expended in the construction of at least two railroads, and lr laws be passed pro vlding ror the proper development of the resources of Alaska, especially for the open- ng up or tr.e coai lands, I believe that the capital already Invested will Induce the Investment of more capital, sufficient to complete the railroads building, and to tur- nish cheap coal not only to Alaska but to the whole Pacific Coast The passage of a law permitting tne leasing -of Government coal lands in Alaska after public competi tion ana tne appointment for the govern ment of the territory of a commlsson with enabling powers to meet the local needs will lead, to an Improvement In Alaska and the development of her resources that Is likely to surprise the country. I have already referred to the forests of the United States and their extent, and have urged, as I do again, the removal of the limitation of the power upon the Ex ecutive to reserve tracts of land in six Western States In which withdrawal ror this purpose is now forbidden. The Secretary f Agriculture gives a very full description of the disastrous fires that occurred during the last Summer In the National forests. The Secretary estimates that standing timber of the value of $25,000,000 was destroyed. Seventy-six persons In tha employ of the Forest Service were killed and many more Injured, and 1 regret to say that there is no provision in the law by which the expenses for their hospital treatment or of their in terment could b met out of public fund. The Red Cross contributed $1000 and the remainder was made up by private contribu tion, principally by the Forest Service and Its officials. I recommend that suitable legislation be adopted to enable the secre tary of Agriculture to meet the obligation of the Government in. this respect. Proper protection necessitates, as the Sec tatary points out, the expenditure cf a good deal more money In the development ot roads and trails In the forests, the establish ment of lookout stations and telephone con nection between them and place where as sistance can be secured. 1USIIL DEVELOPIIII OF THE STATE I.001J FOWLS ON EXHIBITION. . Annual Show of Oregon Poultry and Pet Stock Association, Portland Over $10,000 worth of GINSENG FARMING FOR ROGUE . Th amount of reforestation shown in th report of the Forest Service only about 15,000 acre as compared with th 150,000, 000 acres of National forests seoms small, and I am glad to not that In this regard the Secretary or Agriculture and the chief of tha Forest Service ar looking together to the further forestatlon of Government land. Progress has been mads In learning by ex periment the best methods ot reforestation. Congress Is appealed to now by the Secre tary of Agriculture to make th appropria tion needed for th enlarging of the Fo 'eat Service In thi regard. I hope that Con gress will approve and adopt the estimate of the Secretary for this purpose. The taking of the census has proceeded with promptness and efficiency. I concu with the Secretary in that it will be mor thorough and accurate than any censu wheh has heretofore been taken, but it is not perfect. The motive that prompts men with a false civic pride to induce the pad ding of census returns In order to increase the population of a particular city has been strong enough to lead to fraud In respect to a few cities in this country, and I have directed the Attorney-General to proceed with all the vigor possible against those who are responsible for these frauds. They hav been discovered and they will not interfere with the accuracy of the cen su, but It Is of the highest importance that official Inquiry of this sort should not be embarrassed by fraudulent conspiracies In soms private or local interest. The Commissioner of Corporation has Just completed she first- part or a report on the lumber Industry In the united state Thi prt doe not treat or th question or a trust or combination In the manufac ture of lumber, a subject to be dealt with later. The Commissioner does find, however. a change in -th ownership or the standing timber or the United States other than th (Wvernment timber, that calls ror serious at tention. The direct Investigation mad by th Com missioner covered an area which contains 80 per cent of th privately owned tim ber of the country. HI report shows that one-half of the timber in thi area 1 ownad by 200 individuals and corporations; that 14 per cent is owned by three corporation and that ther 1 very extensive Inter- ownership of stock, as well as other cir cumstances, all pointing to friendly re la tions among those who own a majority of this timber, a relationship which might lead to a combination for the maintenance of a price that would be very detrimental to the public Interest and would create th necessity of removing all tariff ob stacles to the free lumber Importation from other countries. The making of matches from phos phorus should be discouraged ky the Im position of a heavy federal tax. the President believes, because of the fright ful diseases Incident to the process, and because matches can be made of ma terlals wholly Innocuous. The message recommends a law pro viding that no laborer xr mechanic doing any part of the work contemplated in a contract of th United States for a contractor or any subcontractor shall be required or permitted to work more than eight hours in any one calendar day. ' The President declares that immigra tion into this country Is Increasing each year. He deprecates the proposed enlargement of the buildings at lulls Island for the purpose ot permitting the examination of more immigrants a day (nan are now eiammeu. n, he says, "it Is understood that no more immigrants can be taken In at New York than are now taken In and the steamship companies thus are given a reason and a motive for transferring immigrants to other ports, we can be confident that they will be better dis tributed throughout ths country. Every. thing which tends to send tne immi grants west and eoulb. into rural lire belps the country. I Charles A, Trapp Comes From Mis souri to Establish Industry. Medford For the purpose of inves- poultry is oh exhibit at the annual tigating the soil and - climatic condi- show of the Oregon Poultry1 & Pet tiona of the . Rogue River valley to- Stock association in the Lilly Seed ascertain whether ginseng may be auc company's'buidling, Front and Salmon cessfully grown here, , Charles A. streets. i.i :' j . . : Trabn. ' of Houston! M'. "who ' - " " i , ' 11 tiUO There are: .about , 100 fowls entered I wM-ked on and known ' of the .original for prizes. J. C. Murray, secretary, ginseng farm since its ... beginning, is said that the show is much better this in Medford and will search aU,par,a of year thftn ever, and that the fmdr'tant the valley for the desired spot upon breeds are more i largely, represented, which to establish this new industry. jWhiteLeglh9rns:nvirriber,j;0Q( White Mp.nnMiii,. ri - , Wyandottes 85 Barred 1 tlvmoutri r:i.,.pp fceIieve8 the plant may be tlnnlro Oft' .kt1 X. , Jl.-l..'.. t.. "UCCBIIBIUII V fiTOWl ' tiere. W thoilt -OlA OK, Willie U1C UIHUiaya ' OI DUII o.nonoo .kJ; J- ... Brown Leghorns and ,VVhiteand,BHiT k 5 ,t( a"d ,n thia man" Orpioahtons include a lark number, h rbwn on 8 larger The jugdes of the show are ft. H. "n "ft XSV c,,mate8- ani Collier, of Tacoma, and W. M, Coates, untfi'?h? of Vancouver, B. C. - . - KJiEf W elanda uuomcoB uii a large flcaie, as he represents well established anrl wealthy ginseng growers of the Middle west,. ... ki.' a , . . , ... Ginseng farming is one of the mnsf profitable pursuits to which the spil The Portland show is excellent and one of the best I have attended thia fall," said Mr. Colier. ."There are some fowls on exhibit here; that' would be prize-winners any place. Why the people of this state do not nny uie people ui mis state ao not un ,,, ;' 4l - v . industry is surrrriaimr tn mP ftnnrl!. ..T Kuwln OI lnal net a M a tions here are favorable for the busi- "T' S 3 "V""1. grW ness. The raising of poultry - ia both tt "fit'S-H ?ine ia pleasant and profitable.-,...-, . ,. Jh 08er The people of the entire North- f;tVi L.J 7 71 A r.qu'reB m west, it seems to me are overlooking a "C T " " V .oouln lssu, i- cj. 7 , .. B.. tie original home of mnnpnrr form r. oig neia in me poultry production. ; tk "nni(j CA , " ) . . " " ""s ia ,toii .Jj J in the United States' the plant a "".'n'd K:,teS!"S ? its Wild state-, other states. We should be doing ex- f 1 5 k . "l aeaa SCtlv the other thine-. WS. n.v. '?8V.e8. a."d - freSt deb. the most . '"snaaeir places. nno linn hnor TO akm,! V, ------ .- w ouvuiu nave - uiice, wYci-jiuuutuuii in poultry ana a bu- shi,i:- - a r. . no-fl.,.,. u I :n u. Sjoutherlm to Be Rebuilt. n mnot iVnrnhu i u: outherlin butherlin suffered a an. ...vwv , ii,. iy w , v.LUllCUtC ill HUB . . , . . country D ,UBB tne nre in occurred Tues- - rlo v ; a , . . Th sf.rns t u o..-:c- xt-.i i. ixJuiujiJK. iuOSt 01 the hnrnprt aiiv oiaiyCTD vi. tuc iTUUUIC liurtll WtHL I U...1JI , . . would do an important thing for the "U,,U1"KS naa Ju" een completed and . ;nJ.i, ; . :: :t u u ",c uiercnanis OCCUDVinflr them hurl itmuoiij, in iiiv uuiuiuii, ii. uiey wuuiu cn i ,l -.1 , . create pure-food laws regulating the Jii!? f f gf ?t0cks of holiday cold-storage people. I believe that f. Vk . ",c'c,J"',u'Be- J-"-ot. -U-..U .-j "ly. there is a large stock of umher nr. ovuiogo i.uuijniiica Buuuiu ue rcuuircu t,j - , , to stamo the dressed noultrv. Rhowino- H?and. ln the yards of the Sutherlir. tv,Q t;, , j ij .- number company, and new huilrlincra time ji, vyao xcteiveu uiiu uittceu in .:n l . , . ,. . cold storage. Every en that has ue ere"e.a Ammeaiately after ad- heen nlr.pH in ih 0f,oT i,m k uusurient or the tire losses. f - bvau u wa. ug QUVUiU marked, giving the date of its en trance. Farmers should also be re quired to stamp the eggs the day they are laid, liy this means, we could tell je i- i . . . a iresn egg wnen we saw it. it is certainly unpleasant to pay fresh-egg prices tor eggs that. are stale. Regarding the show. I believe it is the most complete of any I have at tended for some time. The people of Portland should turn out and encourage it. Plans Poultry Pant. Klamath Falls J. W. Bryant is lav ing out the largest chicken farm in Southern Oregon. He is buil.iino- houses which will be cold proof, and which will not only keep the product of his hens from chilling in the coldest kind of weather, but will keep the hens themselves comfortable. PORTLAND MARKETS. Wheat Track prices: Bluestem. 84c; club, 82c; red Russian, 80c; 40 fold, 83c; valley, 82c. Barley Feed, $22 per ton: brewinir' $23. Millstuffs Bran, $24(fi)25 ner ton: middlings, $2931: shorts. S25.50ft 26; rolled barley, $24.50(25.50. How rVfQrr rwinnn T': .il -ny i preme court, and left immediately on vallev 12022 net 'p " the Rk.nf, T.;;t r-oi.i,.-. 'ameue valley, $20(a,22 per ton East- v"w"" ern Oreo-nn.S9.SM9A- olfolfo niit. ' - , -I j i nr i i o , BENSON ATTESTS HIS OATH. Governor Also Signs Own Certificate of Election Salem Frank W. Benson took the oath of office as secretary of state be fore Chief Justice Moore, of the Su the Shasta Limited for where he expects to remain for some time until his health is improved, The need of a warmer climate is driv ing him to the South. The governor was accompanied by Mrs. Benson, The certificate of election which was grain hay, $14.50(i$15.50; clover $ia 14. Corn Whole, $29; cracked, $30 ton. Oats No. white, $27.50(328.50 Der ton. PMilti-t. 17 .... tici.ie.. delivered to Mr. Benon by the chief , K:. "tr"ZV:: lvc' BP11" clerk is probably unique in the annals T: '"' Z' , ' Hg 7 oZl of the state. It certifies to the elec l' tUrk.ey8' '1Ve' 2?e dressed 22C4 tlon' of P. W. Benson as secretary of rT.t??n- Jf . atntn .nrl ia a,'r,rl h E"W Rv,o I " Candied, 4iJC: IS J"? ;:;:7' u eastern, Aprils, 32c per dozen; East- c --. j ern iresn, 38c. F. W. Benson as secretary of state. Rtf n; ... , w r. i . j iL I Butter City creamery, so id Dack. inr. ceiisun mu chuvhshuu tne vote as 07- j. u eovernor and secretary of state, con- iV uutler - .. . . , ., - . .. '. - eastern, ciuLmc. stituting as such the majority of the p,i, inain, 1 1 , " j , u itiu?s,i: uer nniinn. raemDers 01 me Doara. v.,i i? or. -iae , r.r: " i 00 iu io pounas, iz (?i)13c per pound. Apples King, 40(ii75c box: Wolf River, 75c(a$l; Waxen. 75e(a$l: Bald- Span at Butteville Needed tor JDevel- win, $.ic(a;l.2J5; JVorthern Spy, 75c(ifJ 1.0; snow, I.Z!(rU.50: Sd tzen- berg, $1.25(g2; Winter Banana. SI. 75 l,d.DU. Green Fruits Pears, rrwvn war a onnnrori or a tYioArinn ef tha - v ' rr i n i 1 mi. 1 v m. i'- vaiicis in-oounty rusa ciuo nere. me reso- Veretahle Rn. IntiAno af-ota that thara ia a f hmUn. I FOUR COUNTIES ASK BRIDGE. opment of Valley, Butteville Resolutions in favor of the construction of a wagon bridge across the Willamette river at this $1.25(?2 per cranberries, lOfa'llc ner -IV- 1 1. -LL- ' settled farming district on each side "' uL .o -?"r nunarea: of the river; that the only means of "Z ': ' per crate; crossing Cit is 1L-. - I -J 1J -J X 1 J 1 Ul Hi a uriUKe wvuiu Biu uie ueveiup- i rn meni, 01 manon, lamnui, wasmngion and Clackamas counties. the river between Oregon 01.1 uaB"' y and Salem, a distance of 50 miles, IT , Z' S l7' .Br by ferryon whichltoll must be paid; i?V.: fZ' "ura P81?8. uiiiiiui. i ueeis. ii.zfiOT) Potatoes Oregon. $1.25 hundred. Onions $1.40(?p. 50 per hundred. Hops 1910 crop, imaHc: 1909 crop, 7(?8c; contracts, 12(S12b'c. Wool Eastern Oregon, 13(l7c per Gold Find Stirs Merrill Country, Merrill Gold mining excitement has developed here within the last few pound; valley, 17(r19c: mohair choice uayu. ijasi summer v. xi. iricrriu was dCI ooc. riding me range on wnat ia ifnown as Uattle Prime steers, f 5 7K?fi. Spring Lake mountain and discovered good to choice, $5.255.76; fair to some float which he thougth was mixed good, $4.75(ffi5.25; common, $4(ri4.50; with gold. After sinking a shaft choice to prime cows, $4.75ft)5- ijood some leet into the hill other samples to choice beef "cows, $4.25(?J4.75; fair were seni away ana mis assayed as to good, fi.ibdi 4.25; common to fair, high as $12.05. The find is about eight $20 3.50; good to choice heifer J4 7 miles northwest of here and about 15 (;5; fair to eood. t4.50r;4 75- mm. mon to fair, $404.25; choice to good fat bulls, $404.25; fair to tmorl Bridge Nearly Finished. $3,5004; common bulls, $2.500; 3 2 V Hermiston lhe contractors erect- k"u " unuice ngni caives. I70i7.50! inst the bridge across the Umatilla fair to good, $6.500 7; eood to chnie west of this city are putting down the j neavy caives, l&.zr.O 6; fair to good, flooring and will soon have the bridge $4,750 5.25; common calves, $3,750; miles south of Klamath Falls. ready for traffic. Work will start soon on the road connecting it with this city, which will give better access to the city for all those people living on the west side of the river. Xmas Tree for San Francisco, Cnttare Grove Three carloads of Christmas trees are being shipped to San Francisi-o and several carloads are being shiptx-d from Pass creek canyon points. Shipping trees is becoming quite an industry about Cottage Grove. 4.75; good to choice stags, $4,600; 5- iair 10 gooa, 4M4.M). Hogs Choice, $7. 750? 8; good to choice, $7,5007.75. Sheep Yearling wethers, grain fed, $4,750 5; old, grain fed, $4.25014.50; choice ewes, grain fed, $3,7504; good to choice, grain fed, $3,250; 3.75; feed ers, $2.250i,3; choice lambs, grain fed, $5.750;6; good to choice, fgrain fed' $5.50045.75; poor lambs, $4.950t5. Hay fed sheep and lamb 50c lower than grain fed ;