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About Heppner gazette. (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 25, 1910)
i PASTURE AND THE MEADOW Careful Study of Subject Will Show Variety of Grasses Better Than Only One Kind. (By S. M. MILLER.) It sometimes seems as If one-half if the farmers were doing everything possible to fight nature and when we make a study of the various grasses and their peculiar needs we wonder that we have been succeeding as well as we have In growing good crops of lay. A careful study of the EngllBh system of maintaining a permanent meadow and pasture would essentially aid us in the management of' our grass lands. There we may find from ten to twenty kinds of grass growing oh one sod and all thriving and pro ducing hay and forage. We go on our meadows when the proper times come, cut the grass, cure" It into hay and haul It to the stack or barns and think no more about the whole matter until the next year comes and then we go out and go through the same motions only get a smaller crop and keep this up until the yield Is bo small that we feel it is necessary to plow up the field and reseed It to clover and timothy again. We don't go to" the trouble of top dressing or fertil izing the meadow or tile drain to prevent the water from drowning it out during the wet season nor do we plan to leave a stubble to protect It from the hot summer sun. Animals will often walk from one end of a large pasture to another to get a nibble of some variety of grass that la different from that In the other end of the pasture. Pastures that contain the greatest number of varieties of grass are In variably the ones that will support the " most stock. It Is one of the greatest evils of our system of farming to plow up a good pasture for It requires a num ber of years to get a good turf es tablished. In selecting grass seed for a perma nent pasture select kinds that will bloom In succession from early sum mer until late In the fall so that when one kind is not growing there will be another to occupy the soil and prevent weeds from growing In where the soil is not occupied. In selecting grasses for the meadow select varieties that flower about the came time so that they may be cured tor hay at one cutting. . Select those that furnish the most leaves and thus diminish the amount of woody indigestible matter in the kay. It is folly to try to skim off a sec ond crop from the meadows. If the growth Is too rank In the fall pas ture It off with young stock but do . not pasture It close enough to in jure Its chances of living through the winter. Nature provides for winter by pro moting a rapid fall growth. The old Ideas of getting something for noth ing have been exploded for a long time and If we cut three tons of hay from our meadows we must feed them accordingly and keep the bare spots covered with grass instead of weeds. If we supply better forage rations for our live stock they will come through the winter in better condi tion and will require less grain to keep them In a thrifty condition. We, as a rule, are feeding too much grain to our animals and unless we devote more attention to providing nutritious forage rations we must ex pect less hardy and vigorous animals. COMPOSITION OF A TOMATO Nutriment Present In Largest Amounts la Sugar, While Organic Acids Give Character. The extensive use of tomatoes as an article of food has caused many In quiries to be made as to their food value. The nutriment present In to matoes In the largest amount is sugar, while the organic acids are the main substances which give Individuality or character. In tables of analysis toma toes are given as containing from 92 to 95 per cent, water, 45 per cent ash. I,...0xUr S.lH. JL.... ?V Composition of Tomato. .90 to 1.00 protein, and 8.80 to 4.80 per cent, of carbohydrates. When the tomato Is used for food, care should be taken to retain all of the Juice, as the nutrients are present largely In soluble form and any di minution of the amount of Juice en tails a corresponding loss of nutrients. In Its favorable Influence upon the di gestibility of other fooda, tha tomato has considerable value. - . it I r ' - 7 BURNER TO DESTROY STUMPS Made From Steel of Old Abandoned Food Cooker and Joint of Pipe Coat $1.25. The rather peculiar device shown in the Illustration -herewith was made by a Vernon county, Missouri, farmer for destroying stumps, and we are in- mi A Practical Stump Burner. formed that It proved much more than expected, so far as getting rid of the old stumps were concerned, says Homestead. The cost to make this stump burner was $1.25 and it was made as follows: The steel Jacket from an old abandoned food cooker was used for the lower part. and the square part for the top was bought from a local tinner, it and the Joint of pipe costing $1.25. They are both a little heavier than ordinary sheet Iron. In operation, the device Is placed over the stump and a Are built around same with anything that may be handy for fuel. In some cases chips were used; In others, old rails, and In still others, pieces were split from the stumps themselves. Not only did the burner consume the entire stump In a short time, but in many cases the roots were burned out far down in the ground. A similar burner might be constructed from many things that are every year thrown in the scrap heap, and if the necessary material could not be found In the scrap heap, any tinner would build one for a small sum and your stumps would be burning while you were do ing something else. The boys would simply love to operate one of these burners at least until the novelty wore off, and possibly the promise of a small sura of money when the last stump was burned out would prolong the novelty for a sufficient time to do the business. MAKING COMPACTOR OF SOIL Excellent Method of Constructing Im plement to Be Used In Place of Ordinary Roller. To construct a good compactor oi the soil to use in place of a roller, use A Soil Compactor. three two-Inch planks about three feet long and one foot wide. Nail or bolt the edges together like the side of a house and hitch the chain to each end. Load It with as many large stones as a team can draw and go over the sur face. It often does better work than a regular roller. ft Sweep down the cobwebs they are neither ornamental or useful. Why not use the space between trees In the orchard for fall vegetables for home use? Don't get overheated and then drink a lot of cold water. Sip a little and wait until cooled off. Bonemeal is excellent for vines and fruit trees, and three or four ounces may be applied to the Bquare yard. We have no sympathy for the man or boy who has to cut stovewood on blistering days. Winter was the time for that Job. Corn la a good crop. In spite of large crops, it has been very high for the past two years. It is likely to be as high, or higher, next year. For pitching bundles of grain up high in the barn or on the stack, nothing beats a long-poled fork with short tines. You can have one made that way for this express purpose. Plow ground for late summer seed ing of alfalfa as soon as the corn Is In and there Is time. Let the ground lie for a few weeks and then work it down frequently to kill young weeds. Now is the best time of the year to cee to it that no pools of water are allowed to form and stagnate around the premises. Fight the files and the mosquitoes and thus keep down typhoid and malaria. The day of the old grain cradle as a farm tool has almost gone by, and yet a good cradle ia a handy thing to have. Take it in cradling around a piece of grain it works first rata, even today. Soma of the modern cradles axe very easy to awing, too. GENERAL NEWS OF DIFFICULTIES FOB POSTAL BANKS Other Securities Beside Municipal, State and County Bonds Suggested. Washington In the opinion of the postmaster of one of the larger cities in the State of Washington, difficulty will be experienced in that state if state. county or municipal bonds are required as security for postal savings funds to be deposited m national and state banks under the provisions of the new postal savings bank law. OtHer rorms oi se curity, equally as good, 'in the judg ment of this postmaster, will have to be accepted by the government, or the banks will be unable, in a great many instances, to receive the postal bank funds. The new law authorizes the deposit of these postal bank funds in properly inspected state or national DanKS, ana provides further that "the board of trustees shall take from such banks such security in public bonds or other securities, supported by the taxing power, as the board may prescribe, ap prove arid deem sufficient and necessary to insure the salety ana prompt pay ment of such deposits on demand." The postmaster in question, whose name is withheld at the request of the postmaster-general, has laid before the department a suggestion which seems to have considerable merit, and which may facilitate the opening of postal banks in the State of Washington if it is acted upon. The suggestion appears to have merit, and deals with a situation wnien must be met when the postal nanus ae gin business. FABMEES GET HIGH PBICES. Alaska Offers Truckgrowers Chance of Quick Fortune. Washington "How would you like to be a truck farmer in AlasKal" , This is a hypothetical question asked by the United States Department of Agriculture in an official report from the department. The report says: "Would you care to run a truck farm with strawberries selling at $1.25 to $2 a Quart, cucumbers $2 to $o a dozen; celery 50 cents each, tomatoes 50 cents to $1 a pound, and other products at proportionate prices! Or would you prefer general farming with a few pigs and chickens as a side line, with hay selling at $00 to $100 a ton, hogs AO cents a pound, young pigs 75 cents a pound, and eggs $2 a dozen! "These prices are receivea in AiasKa under favorable market conditions, but the prospective settler should consider the difficulties and expense of farming as well as the high prices of his prod ucts. "Alaska is not generally given much consideration from an agricultural standpoint, and vet. despite the rigorous climate, a large variety of grains, small fruits and vegetables is being success fully grown." MISSION NOT UNDERSTOOD. Filipino Asks Dickinson for Boon Con gress Alone Could Grant. Manila Jacob M. Dickinson, the American Secretary of War, has found it necessary to define the limitations of a cabinet officer and explain to the Fili pinos the nature of his visit to their country. At Lucena a reception was given in honor of Mr. Dickinson and Governor- General Forbes, and one of the members of the assembly who was presented to the secretary urged immediate independ ence for the islands. Another assem blyman, as alternative, urged a popular constitution and an elective senate. Secretary Dickinson, in replying, stat ed that there were limitations to the position of a cabinet officer, and re gretted the Filipinos apparently had been misinformed as to the significance and purpose of his visit. He told them that congress was the only place where the political status of the islands could be discussed. Ohio Man for Balllnger's Job. Washington A persistent rumor that President Taft had offered the portfolio of the interior department to President W. O. Thompson, of the Ohio State Uni versity, is attracting attention. It is in the way of confirmation of the report that Senator Crane's recent trip into the West was made for the purpose of Sug gesting to Ballinger that he should re sign from the cabinet. Much credit is given to the Thompson rumor. It is known he is in favor with progressives in his state, also numbering many regu lar Republicans among his supporters. It Is Up to the President. Washington Secretary Ballinger has sent word to Beverly that he will re sign any time he is asked to do so by the president, but not until then. This is the report that is current here. The secretary made plain this attitude to Senator Crane in Minneapolis, a fort night ago, and the senator has commu nicated it to the president. This re port adds color to the growing impres sion that in the effort to get rid of Ballinger, Cannon and Aldrich without soiling his hands, the president has come to grief. Eastern Cities Growing. Washington The following census returns were published today: New ark, 347,4(19; Seranton, Pa., 129,867; Schenectady, N. Y., 72,820. The increase at Newark was 101,399, or 41.2 per cent, as compared" with 240,070 in 1900. At Scranton the in crease was 27,841. or 27.3 per cent, as compared with 102,026 in 1900. At Sehcnectadv, N. Y., the increase was 41,144, or 129.9 per cent, as compared with 31,982 in 1900. Appeal for Jailed Americana. Douglas, Ariz. Appealed to by four of its members who were in prison at Guaymas, Mexico, and denied release on bail, the Order of Railroad Conduct ors asked the Washington government to intervene. No formal charges have been lodged aeainst the four imprisoned conductors. The Mexicans hold them upon the broad ground of violation of the railroad regulations. NATIONAL HAPPENINGS COAL LAND THROWN OPEN. Farmers May Make Surface Entry on Large Tract in Dakotas. Washington A delegation from North and South Dakota, headed by Governor Vassey from the latter state, conferred with the Interior department officials seeking an order looking to the surface entry of about 1,000,000 acres of withdrawn coal lands in the two states. The Dakotans were in formed that the department already had taken practically the action for which they came to Washington. Temporary regulations have been is sued explaining the withdrawal of lands was subject, , under thet law, to surface acquisition, reserving the coal for the United States. Willi am. B. Newman, law examiner of the general land office, they were ' informed, had been sent to Lemmon, S. D., the head quarters Of the Dakota land district, to assist in expediting the- settlement of the agricultural claims. CHINA TAKING NEW TACK. Minister Calhoun Reports Move in Empire's Government. Washington William J. Calhoun, American minister to China has notified the state department of a number of governmental innovations there which convinced the State department that an energetic and business-like' manage ment of affairs is to be expected from the Chinese empire. The United States government is un derstood to be pleased with the eleva tion of Tong Shao Yi as acting presi dent of the imperial board of posts and communications to take the place of Hau Shi Chang, who, with Prince Yi Lu Lang, has just been advanced to the grand council. Tong is a graduate of Yale and a protege of the Viceroy Yuan Shi Kal, under whom he advanced rapidly after, the troubles of 1900. CASH FOR NATIONAL GUARD. War Department Announces Appor tionment of Militia Fund. Washington The war department has announced apportionment of ?4, 000,000, the appropriation made by congress for militia of ' various states. Of this total fund allotted according to congressional representation and mili tia strength of respective states, Ore gon will receive $36,137, Washington will receive $33,632 and Idaho $21, 032. This fund will be disbursed for the following purposes: Oregon Wash. Idaho Arms and equipment $11,736 $14,670 $8,802 Rifle practice 3,912 4.890 2,934 Ammunition 7.206 6.571 3.745 Supplies 13.282 12,012 6,550 Enlisted strength of militia of vari ous states is reported as follows : Ore gon, 1,415; Washington, 1,244; Idaho, 642. Third Degree Probe On. San Francisco As a mem,ber of the senatorial committee appointed at the last session of congress to investigate the methods of obtaining testimony in Federal courts, involving " an inquiry into the so-called "third degree," Uni ted States Senator William J. Stone, of Missouri, began the hearing of evi dence in this city. lie opened the investigation alone, his colleague, Senator Borah, not hav ing arrived from Idaho. The ' charge that undue influence was brought to bear to secure the conviction of Dr. E. B. Perrine, accused of land frauds, is one of the matters being considered. High Chinese Deposed. Pekin An imperial edict was issued unexpectedly dismissing two members of the grand council, Chih Sui and Wu Yu Seng. Prince Yu Lang, a member' of the imperial family, and Hsu Shih Chang, president of , the-- ministry of posts and communications, are appoint ed to the vacancies. Tang Shao Yi, ex-governor of the Province of Muk den, is appointed to succeed Hsu Shih Chang as president of the ministry of posts and communications. New Tariff Increases Imports. Washington Importations into the United States during the first year of the opertaion of the Payne tariff law were larger than in any previous year, as also was the value of those entering free of duty. The customs receipts, amounting to $327,873,672, were larger than in any previous year except 1907, while the monthly 'average of customs receipts under the Dingley, Wilson or McKinley laws. Warship Builder Retires. Washington Naval Constructor J. H. Linnard, for years senior officer of the bureau of construction and repair of the navy, at his own request was placed on the retired list. Next to Rear Admiral Capps, the in fluence of Naval Constructor Linnard has surpasesed that of any other man in the designing of the new navy. He entered the naval ervice in 1877. Sympathy Sent to Japan. Washington An expression of sym- J. . , TT -T j c . .:.u lucrl,cU1 u j . i v -?u""?B '" luiiureus iubi meir lives 111 tfaynit in the last few days, waa telegraphed by the state department to the Ameri can ambassador at Tokio. WEST WANTS ITS OWN. Western Idea of Conservation Ia Urged by Idaho's Governor. Boise, Idaho Governor Brady was asked for an expression bearing on the interview given out by Governor Nor ris, of Montana, in which the Montana executive stated in effect that there was a movement to secure control of the national conservation congress in St. Paul as against the Northwestern idea of conservation, which advocates not only the preservation of the forests and the fullest protection of the water power, but also their fullest possible use of general development and yet without monopolistic control. Governor Brady stated that he would leave for Salt Lake to attend the pre liminary conservation conference of the governors of the Northwest to be held there. He added, that he expected to attend the national conservation con gress at St. Paul, and that Senator Borah would also attend both meet ings, at his request, as special repre sentative of Idaho i,, ' "' Continuing, the governor said: "The policy of conservation is important to every citizen ofthe United States, but it is absolutely vital to every resident of ' the Northwestern States. We are fighting for the right to develop a new country without an. extra handicap be ing placed upon us. We are struggling for equality of opportunity for the right to develop our new states under ap proximately as fair a chance as the older states of the East have had. "We are in favor of the policy of conserving the natural resources, there is no difference of opinion on that. But we think that the methods of adminis tering the policy of conservation should be changed so that the development and progress of the states should not be held back, and we are appealing ot the fair-minded people of the East who be lieve in right and justice to come to our aid; they outnumber us in the senate and house of representatives, and we must have their assistance. "I am hoping that we shall get an equitable consideration of our point of view at St. Paul. If it occurs that we do not, I am in favor of a thorough organization of the Western States in order that the people of the East may thoroughly comprehend our position and give us relief. TURNS COPPEE INTO IRON. B. Xi. Keogh, of Ottawa Institute. Makes Discovery. .Ottawa R. L. Keogh, of the Ottawa Collegiate Institute stall, has made a discovery of great scientific and possi bly financial importance. After years of labor and investigation, .he has suc ceeded in transmuting copper into iron, This, he says, has never been before accomplished, and demonstrates the fact that the transmutation of the met als is possible. Mr. Keogh states that the new ele ment obtained from his experiments with copper answers the tests usually applied to the identification of iron. in support of his contentions he ex plains that he is willing at any time to allow competent judges to undertake the work of verifying his results. "I do not think that the discovery I have made is at present of any flnan cial significance," said Mr. Keogh, but it is possible at a later date some thing of more importance will follow. have been greatly handicapped m the work that I have been oarrying on, owing to the lack of apparatus. Later semetmng or greater importance may follow from the results that have al ready obtained. I intend to continue my researches on the transmutation of elements." FARMERS SELL OWN CROPS. Field-to-Consumer Idea is Growing in Indiana Build Warehouses. Indianapolis Within the next 30 days the most comprehensive efforts that have ever been made to organize Indiana farmers into devoted self-interest will be inaugurated and paid organ izers will be at work in all parts Of the state. Steps have already been taken to raise a fund for the disposal of millions of dollars' worth of grain from a cen tral depot in this city, and elevators and other buildings are to be erected from which agents of the farmers are to sell their products direct to shippers and consumers. The plan is much the same as that adopted by the big brew ers in Kentucky and other states, and farmers interested in it believe it will be quite as successful. Cholera Rages In Russia. St. Petersburg The horrors of the cholera scourge in Russia, according to Professor Pein, of the Red Cross, who has been sent by the government to Southern Russia to study measures of combatting the disease, are steadily in creasing. Children are starving in many instances, because their parents and adult relatives have died, leaving them unsupported. There is no indica tion yet of the epidemic diminishing, and thousands of new cases are being registered daily, according to reports, understating the full extent of the dis ease. Negroes Abandon Texas. El, Paso, Tex. A delegation of 50 negroes from the vicinity of Palestine, Tex., where 19 of their race were re cently killed by mobs, passed through here Wednesday for the interior of Mexico. The negroes declared that they in tended establishing a colony in Mexico and moving their families from the United States. They asserted that the movement of negroes to abandon East ern Texas was widespread. Virginia Gives Statue. Faris Colonel James Mann, chair man of the Virginian commission ap- pointed last winter bv the general as spmblv of the state to present to the republic of France a bronze copy of th lloudon statue ef Washington, at Rich mond, arrived here, accompanied by State Senator Don P. Haysel and Stat Senator King. FLIES OVER CHANNEL Feal Performed By Daring young Chicago Architect Pilot Wat Ignorant of Geography of Course Trip Made in Thirty Seven Minutes. Deal, England It has been reserved for an American citizen to perform one of the most daring feats in the history of aviation. John B. Moissant, of Chicago, flew across the English Channel from Calais to Tilmanstone -Wednesday with a pas senger, and by this achievement far surpasses the feats of Bleriot, DeLes seps and the English aviator, Eolls, who afterward met his death at Bourne mouth, r The two-man flight from Franee to England was the more astonishing in that it was only a month ago that Moissant learned to fly, ahd was so little known among the air men that not even his nationality was disclosed. Me was reputed to be a Spaniard, and it was only when he landed in England that it was revealed that he is a young Chicago architect. To make the feat still more surpris ing, Moissant was totally ignorant of the geography of hig course. He had never been in England and was obliged to rely entirely on the compass while crossing the channel in the teeth of a strong easterly wind. The channel flight was an incident in the aerial voyage from Paris to Lon don. Moissant left Issy Tuesday with Hubert Latham and reached Amiens in two hours. Latham's aeroplane was wrecked, and Moissant, leaving Amiens at an early hour, headed for Calais. His mechanician, Albert Fileux, who had accompanied him across the coun try, took his place in the machine when the motor had been set in motion for the dash across the channel. Thousands who had gathered to watch the daring aviator were amazed and urged him not to make the at tempt in the face of the half gale that was blowing. Moissant cared nothing for the warn ings of the people, and even the fact that there was no torpedo-boat to fol low in his wake, but only a slow-moving tug, did not deter him. He made the trip in 37 minutes. When he de scended his eyes were bloodshot and greatly inflamed as a result of the . heavy rain storm into which he drove on approaching the Englsh coast. The high wind beat the rain into the faces of the men like hail, and almost blinded them. An average height of between 300 and 400 feet was main tained over the water. The cold was intense, and both Moissant and his mechanician were benumbed. When he revived sufficiently he laughed and said to an interviewer: "This is my first visit to England. This is only my sixth flight in an aero plane. I did not know the way from Paris to Calais when I started, and I do not know the way to London. I shall have to rely on the compass. I would like to land in Hyde Park ,if I can find it." EXPRESS COMPANIES TO AH). New Railroad Rate Law Becomes Ef fective. Washington The new railroad law has become effective. Immediately upon the passage of the act 60 days ago, sections of the law relating to the suspension of rates went into ef fect. Since that time the interstate commerce commission has been operat ing under the law. In a conference held by the commis sion with the representatives of the telephone and telegraph companies, the companies expressed a. desire to do all in their power to facilitate the work of the commission. Hereafter the tele graph arid .'. telephone companies must hie reports with the commission con cerning their business, just as railroads do now. - The officers were also informed that no franks could be legally used, except as governed by the pass provision of the Hepburn act, which is comprehen sively exclusive. Vatican - Makes Denials. Rome The Vatican is kept busy is suing denials of statements given out by Premier Canalejas and his support ers with reference to the controversy between the church and state. These denials take the form of articles print ed in the Vatican organs. The Ob servatoire Romano comments on a re cently published interview with a for mer Spanish minister at Rome, who was quoted as saying that the papal secretary of state was not opposed to the bill dealing with religious congre gations. . Corean Annexation Real. Tokio The long-awaited annexation of Corea by Japan is about to become a reality, according to special dis patches from Seoul, published by tlie Tokio press. The dispatches announce that the final negotiations for the annexation were begun by Lieutenant-General Vis count Terauehi, the Japanese resident general in Corea. It is believed the negotiations will be concluded in two or three davs. Peace Is Sought. Columbus, O. After the Columbus Railway & Light Company's rejection of the city council's offer to act as an arbitration board in settling the strike of the street car men, Governor Har mon and Charles J. Pretzman, president of the chamber of commerce, inaugu rated new peace efforts. Mr. Pretzman will seek a formal offer from the com pany to reinstate its old men with as advance in pay to 25 cents an hour and with no recognition of the nnioa.