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About Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Benton County, Or.) 1900-1909 | View Entire Issue (July 26, 1907)
BUSH BEANS. They May Be Had All Summer by Making Frequent Plantings. If you want tender, brittle pods dur ing the hot summer months, - make mall plantings every week or ten days And use only the tetter varieties, sug gests a writer in the Garden Maga zine. If cuitivatian is thorough and constant, the plants will grow for a longer period, and if the pods are gath- FINE STISINd liEANS. ered as soon as large enough for use the bearing period will be prolonged for a much longer period. For the best quality In the green pod ded bush beans I suggest the String less Green Tod, Extra Early Red Val entine, Blue Tod Butter and the Extra Early Hefugee, which come on in the order named, but for the home garden It Is usually more convenient to fix on onie one favorite variety and to keep up a supply by frequent plantings. In addition to the green podded sorts, make plantings, one or more, of the yel low or wax podded varieties, or these may be chosen in preference to the green pods, as they do better during the warm summer season and the pods are less liable to rust than from the early spring plantings. Of the yellow podded sorts, the new Brittle Wax, Bound Tod Kidney Wax, Pencil Pod Black Wax and Refugee Strlngless Wax are the best of the round podded type. Some other new varieties have larger and more meaty pods, but are not as uniform In shape or as attrac tive in appearance. New White Wax. Is the best In quality and Is the most meaty yellow variety with a flat pod. Bad Ventilation. Few dairy fanners really understand What good ventilation means. It Is a common tiling to see a hay chute left open over the cows with the impression that it will create a current of air to ventilate the stable. The fact is, a Stable, to be ventilated, must have the air drawn off from near the floor. This Is where the bad air accumulates. A shaft that simply takes the best air from near the ceiling is a damage. Foul air is from 10 to 1!0 per cent heav ier than pure air. The only system of ventilation that is worth the name will admit pure air from outdoors near the ceiling and draw oE the foul air from near the floor, says Farm Press. Any thing phort of this should not be called ventilating the stable. An Alley Gate. The Idea of a sliding alley gate is Suggested by Home and Farm in a very handy arrangement for open pas sageways into feed mangers or other pauLi.uuy ALLEY GATE. parts of the barn whore the ordinary door is not desired. The rod should be extended at one or both sides of the opening, as may be most convenient to the builder, for sliding the gate. Meat Food For Poultry. Meat food is supplied in the form of ground green bone, cooked offal (such as beef heads, etc.) and in the form of animal meal (boof scrap). Ground bone Is perhaps the best and cheapest where one has a bone mill; where not, beef heads, livers, etc., give good results, says a writer in American Agricultur ist Animal meal, dried blood, etf., are good foods, but hi many cases are more expensive than the others men tioned. However, they are very useful during the hot weather, when it Is al most Impossible to use fresh meat. Partially decayed meat should not be uatd, a it la uui heaitiful. C7 " "T , ll Pi CHILDREN'S CRUSADE. On of the Most Remarkable Events Ir the World's History. There is one episode of the his tory of the crusades that few people are familiar with, an episode bo unique, so strange, so pathetic, so tragic rithal, that it stands out as a conspicuous illustration of the fe ver of enthusiasm then pervading Europe. It is called the "children's crusade," and as one of the most remarkable events in history it is well worth telling you about. It was in the summer of 1212. Two boy prophets, so called, each abtfut twelve years of age, were preaching a crusade, not of arms, but of prayer, against the Saracens. One of them was Stephen of Cloys, in France; the other, Nicholas of Cologne, in Germany. Thev claim ed to be inspired by heaven to raise each an army of children to go to the Holy .Land and convert the in fidels to Christianity. The sea, they said, would open, as it once did for the Israelites, and permit them to pass over to Palestine with dry feet. Their preaching caused almost a frenzy of excitement among the children, and soon two armies of them started for the Holy Land, one from Cologne, the other from Vend ome, France. The German ar my numbered about 40,000 and the French about 30,000. During the passage over the Alps nearly 30,000 of the German chil dren succumbed to cold and expo sure, and 10,000 of the trench chil dren died between Vendome and Marseilles. The German army had inarched in two divisions, the first under the famous Nicholas and the second un der a boy whose name has not been preserved. When Nicholas arrived at Genoa and found that the sea did not open to permit their passage he disbanded his army. Many of the children were sent back home by the kind hearted Genoese, but oth ers pressed on to Pisa and took passage by ship for Palestine. Meanwhile the army under the unknown boy had reached Brindisi, whence they departed for the Holy Land, and about 5,000 of the French children were shipped from Marseilles for the same destination. But alas for the fatuous preach ing of the boy prophets and the equally fatuous credulity of their followers! All the children that survived the voyage were sold as slaves to the Turks, and of the 70,- 000 that started out on that cru sade of prayer at least 50,000 were never heard of by their parents afterward. What must have been the condi tion of the public mind when 70,000 children, nearly all of them less than twelve years of age, were per mitted to take part in so wild and fatal an enterprise ! Chicago News. Matrimonial Commandments. Matrimony has ten command ments. These were -studied out by Theo dore Parker shortly before the day of his wedding. They took the form of ten beautiful resolutions which he inscribed in his journal. They were as follows: First. Never, except for the best reasons, to oppose my wife's will. Second. To discharge all duties for her sake freely. Third. Never to scold. Fourth. Never to look cross at her. Fifth. Never to worry her with commandments. Sixth. To promote her piety. Seventh. To bear her burdens. Eighth. To overlook her foibles. Ninth. To save, cherish and for ever defend her. Tenth. To remember her always in my prayers. Thus, God willing, we shall be blessed. An Unfortunate Synonym. An American girl who studied in Germany tells of a German girl who was studying English and who used to write letters in English to her parents. One day the German girl handed a letter to her, saying: '"Here is the letter which I have written to my mother. I want you to read it over and see if it is prop erly written." The letter was all right, except ing the closing phrase, which read as follows: "God pickle and keep you." An investigation proved that the young German woman in looking for a synonym for "preserve" had come across "pickle." A Hopeless Case. "Yes," said the business man, "I have given up trying to collect that little bill from Bilkins. You see, he is a big, muscular fellow, and he used to throw my collectors out." "Then why didn't you employ a woman collector?" inquired a fel low tradesman. "He couldn't do! that to a woman." "That's what I thought, so I got one and sent her around, but she never came back." "Why not V "He married her." Spare Ma- LUMBAGO. iet and Treatment For This Distress ing Affection. This distressingly painful affec- ( tion is muscular rheumatism located I in the large muscles of the loin. I The attack usually comes on quite I snrMrfnlv enmptimes seizins' the suf- i LCI L i ill LI1U I 111 UU it." ui a waajk. wiwx- 3ut the slightest premonition. The pain is intense and is increased by the slightest motion of the body. The victim of lumbago or any other form of muscular, rheumatism becomes painfully aware of the fact, which perhaps he had not before realized, 'of the great flexibility of the body and of the intimate rela tion between the different parts of the body, for it seems impossible for him to make any motion what ever of the head or of the arms without feeling a sharp twinge in the back. He dare not turn in bed, fift his head or even raise his arms, for every movement seems to be originated and performed by the sore back muscles. There may be a little swelling of the affected region, but usually , there is no external sign of the great well of misery lying just be neath the skin. The pain lasts a few days or a week and may then disappear as rapidly as it came, al though there is often considerable soreness or an occasional twinge for a day or two. i Lumbago may be distinguished from pain in the back due to other causes by the fact that the agony is extreme whenever the slightest movement is made and is absent or at least bearable when the patient lies perfectly quiet in bed, and also that the muscles are tender when gently squeezed. The affection is j more common in men than in wom en and attacks adults chiefly, the muscular rheumatism of children taking the form usually of wryneck. Why this should be so it is difficult to say. Lumbago occurs more frequently in gouty . persons, although that is no explanation, since we do not know why the loins should suffer in gouty individuals more than the muscles of the neck. In mild cases the drinking of an abundance of water to which some baking soda is added may give a measure of relief. Gentle rubbing of the parts with a cloth dipped in ammonia and hot water will often mitigate the suffering, and after the rubbing a cloth wet with4 this solution may be- laid on the parts and coveired with a hot water bottle. The diet should be light, ; without meat or highly seasoned food and especially without beef tea or meat broths of any kind. The bowels should be kept open. One who is subject to lumbago should be careful to avoid a chill and should live frugally, drinking only plain water or milk. Sometimes the attacks are pre vented or made less frequent by the wearing of a broad flannel belt over the underclothing. Kaiser Made Him One. One day the kaiser was walking in civilian dress when he was rec ognized by a corporal. The em peror, noticing that the man's face wore a troubled expression, ques tioned him. For some time the cor poral hesitated to reply, but at last coniessed that he was m love with the daughter of his sergeant major, but the marriage was impossible since the girl's father would have none less than a sergeant as a son-in-law. Do you really love the girl ?" in quired the kaiser. With all my neart, was the re ply- " V ery well, then: go and tell your sergeant major that the kaiser has made you a sergeant." Cleveland Leader. Parliamentary Humor. On one occasion when Mr. Glad stone was beginning to give up the lead in the house of commons to Sir William Harcourt it was noticed by the members that he left the house at the dinner hour, and Sir William Harcourt led for the rest of the sitting. Mr. Darling one even ing drove Sir William to fury on failing to elicit a definite answer to an inquiry by casually observing in the course of his speech, "I have noticed that lately the party oppo site, adopting an ancient precedent, has set up a greater' light to rule the day and a lesser light to rule the night." A Popular Delusion. "Did you read this, dear?" said Mrs. Grigsby to Orlando the other night. "It's a strange case. A harmless 'lunatic imagines that he's a grain of corn and will not go into the yard lest a chicken eat him. Isn't it an odd delusion?" "Oh, the world's full of such de lusions, dear," said Grigsby. "I know a harmless lunatic who seems 1 to imagine that she's a piece of cheese, and she will fly from a room j when a mouse enters it for fear the i little creature will devour her.'"'- j London Tit-Bits. i urunery A speaker at a recent dairymen's meeting said:. To make the dairy nwsfifolila yxta fit hara Mvtrra thnt produce not less than 6,000 pounds of milk per year. An average of 8,000 pounds can easily be reached if all poor cows are disposed of and If we will use a strictly dairy breed. We can no more make dairying profitable with beef bred cows than we can best a race horse on the track with a draft er. We should feed and care for the cow in such a way as to produce a large amount of milk. We cannot pro duce clean milk from dirty cows, and from dirty milk we can't make a first class article, be it butter or cheese. - It i3 unfair for creameries to pay for all cream alike. This makes people in different in regard to keeping the cream in good condition. Creameries should co-operate with the farmers. It is to the farmer's interest to patronize the home creamery. If the central creamery could kill the home cream ery it could arrange prices to suit it self. - Creameries and cream gatherers or buyers should exercise the utmost cleanliness so to set a good example. Farmers should have a .neat small room or building for separating and keeping the cream. Keep it away from the kitchen, where the cooking odors give it an undesirable flavor. Making a Breeding Rack. The breeding rack shown in the illus tration from Hoard's Dairyman is used In dairy work at the University of Illinois. A breeding rack of this kind must be strong and well braced to stand the strain. Cleats placed upon the surface of planks at the side are A BKEEDINQ BACK. , important The frame must be long and narrow and the adjustable stan chion so placed that the occupant can ! be -held well back. The Inside dimen : sions of the stanchion in this rack are , 17 by 25 Inches, but this may be varied , to suit the circumstances. The stan I chlon is supported by 2 by 4 inch pieces j attached to each side and resting upon the horizontal 2 by 4 Inches of the frame. With a series of holes in the latter and a hole In each of the pieces attached to the stanchion it may be set and held at any desired length by using long bolts dropped loosely into the holes. Loose dirt or cinders at the rear of the rack that can be filled In or dug out quickly will be found con venient Moisture Content In Butter. The most talked of topic among but ter men Is that of moisture content due largely to the fact that the inter nal revenue department has been very active during the past year in getting after those creameries that have ex ceeded the limit set by law. Some ex periments have recently been complet ed by the South Carolina experiment station on moisture control, and among the conclusions reached are the follow ing: Butter churned moderately soft and then overchurned in the wash water to particles the size of hens' eggs av eraged a trifle higher in water content than normally churned butter. The melting point of butter fat ap pears to have no influence on the wa ter content of butter. The water content of butter made from very rich cream and medium rich cream is the same. Brine salting increases the water con tent of butter about 1 per cent over dry salting. The average of fifteen trials shows that butter worked two minutes con tains 64 per cent more water than but ter worked four minutes. Normal cream overchurned In half a ehurnful of wash water to particles the size of hens' eggs increased the wa ter content in the butter only slightly. Stay With One Breed. Whether your stock is Jersey, Guern sey, Holstein, Brown Swiss or any other class of cattle, stick to your text and, once having made up your mind what you want keep on in that line with a pure bred bull, and you will have a uniform herd of some kind and as a general proposition a better grade of milkers than to jump from one breed to another each succeeding sea son. You get a reputation in a short' time of having a herd of Jerseys, H61 stelns, Swiss or some other breed of cattle even if you never had a pure bred female on the place provided you use a sire of the same breed for two or three succeeding generations. Cleaning Dairy Utensils. Probably the most common source of contamination and Infection of milk is from the buckets, cans, strainers, bot tles and other vessels used for its re ception and transportation. Every dai rymaa should be provided with appa ratus for thoroughly scalding and ster ilizing his milk utensils after each use. Caus should be carefully washed with a solution of soap or lye, a brush being used to remove the dirt and special care being taken to remove the dirt from ,the seams. After this washing a thorough scalding Is necessary. - THE CALF. What to Feed to Keep It Strong and Thrifty. For the past four years the Kansas experiment station has been experi menting in raising calves on skim milk and its substitutes, and among the conclusions reached are the following: Strong, thrifty calves cannot be ex pected from cows that have received . feed and care Pvious to calving time. Cows should be fed bone and muscle food while carrying their calves oats. bran and clover or alfalfa. Cows to produce strong calves should go dry from six to eight weeks before calving. They should be given succulent f m&, as grass, roots or siiae. for three or four weeks before calving to keep them ia a laxative, healthy eonu!ti.,n. The calf Ehouid uot be permitted to drop ia a cold or damp place. If the cow's udder is caked and fe verish niUU often, but don't milk per fectly dry. Feed the calf whole milk for the first ten days or two weeks, then gradually change to skim milk and directly after feeding milk put a little ground feed Into the calf's mouth, which will soon teach him to eat. After he has learned to eat the change to skim milk may be quite rapid and the allowance may be in creased considerably. A great difference was found in -the Individual capacity of calves, yet as a general rule the calf from three to five weeks old may be fed from ten to twelve pounds of milk daily. The milk should always be fed warm and sweet. Next to overfeeding, there was nothing that was found to cause greater difficulty with hand fed calves than feeding sweet milk one meal and sour the next. They also found that it was not practicable to feed unpasteur ized skim milk from the creamery. When calves are fed for future use fulness in the dairy care should be taken not to get them too fat. In the early part of the feeding period, when the calves are receiving a large amount of skim milk and comparatively little grain, there is not much danger of get ting them too fat, but as the grain ra tion increases it may be necessary to , feed more nitrogenous grain. This can be done by changing a part of the corn for oats, bran or oilmeal whenever the calves appear too fleshy. They found that considerable loss was sustained in putting calves to pas ture, provided the change from dry I feed to grass was not made gradually. Dairy Feeds. 'The dairy farmer who has to buy feed should look to the Interests of his soil when considering the feed he needs. Bran has a greater manurial value than any other of the common dairy feeds, and next to it is clover. The farmer who buys bran from the wheatfields of other states is buying some of the very best fertility of those states. When he buys clover from his neighbor's farm he is buying some of the very cream from his soil. Besides receiving a profit from the feed In the form of milk and butter he will also more than receive its first cost in the amount it increases the plant food ele ments in the manure. SILOS AND SILAGE. In an address on silos at a dairy men's meeting a speaker said: I ran short of ensilage for the cows In the spring, and while I had pretty good hay if did not take the place of silage. The cows always looked for something they did not get, and in the milk pail one could notice a difference too. As long as I had ensilage they had better appetite for hay also. Never before iu winter were my cows in such thrifty condition. In conclusion I would say In regard to building a silo that it is the best thing I ever did. The only thing I regret is that I did not have it years ago. The Silage Needed. According to a recognized authority, each cow should have an allowance of about four tons of silage in the seven months it is usually fed. It is there fore easy to determine by the number of cattle to be subsisted how much silage it is necessary to preserve. A silo reasonably deep is the best pre servative of its contents and the most economical, but it is held by good au thority that it is desirable to keep the structure within reasonable bounds, and when the structure goes beyond that it is better to have two or more silos. Cost of Filling Silos. The' cost of filling silos Is carefully gone over in farmers' bulletin 2i)2 from investigations made on thirty-one farms In Wisconsin and Michigan. The average yield of silage on the whole number of farms was about nine tons. The average cost of filling the silos was 64 cents, the range being from 4G to 86 cents. The. average cost per acre for putting away the corn was $3.98. The difference in cost was not wholly due to management, but was partly ex plained by long hauls, lodged corn or accidents to machinery. Value of the Silo. The silo will enable the dairy farmer to keep his cows six months at less cost than it is possible for him to keep them six months in the summer on blue grass, says Kimball's Dairy Farm er. It will provide a succulent feed for the cows in winter and make it possible for them to give as good a flow of milk with the mercury at 20 degrees below as they will give in June and produce it at less cost. It will enable the man with a small farm to double the size of his herd, and he will be able to winter his cows on the fodder from his cornfield, which has always been practically a waste product. . RAISING BABY, BEEF. What the Stockman. Must Feed to Ss cure the Highest Quality. To get baby beef of highest quality It must of course be fed and reared In a certain way, says Professor Thom as Shaw. It is more influenced as to its juiciness by the feeding than by anything else. . If baby beef is to pos sess the highest quality of tenderness and juiciness, animals must be given a certain proportion of succulent food. The succulence may be furnished by grass in the summer. In the winter the two more important sources of succulence are corn silage and field roots. But even when the animals are glazing they must be well supplied with meal, as making baby beef is a continual system of pushing forward from the day of birth until the -animals are ready for the block. Corn silage is the cheaper source of succulence as compared with roots foe winter feeding, but it is not in any sense the safer food of the two. Should the silage possess much acidity, which it sometimes does when put up too im mature, it is not nearly so valuable as when sweet and well matured. As much as twenty pounds daily may be fed to a steer when of the age of twelve to eighteen months. It makes an excellent medium with which to mix the meal given to them under feed ing, which is in a sense forced. But when field roots are fed they also may be used as the medium la which the meal may be mixed. They may be fed either in the sliced or In the pulped form. When fed freely they give to the meat a juiciness and a flavor such as can be given from no other kind of food. There is also an element of safety about It that comes with no other kind of food. It would be a difficult matter to injure the di gestion of a cattle beast by feeding It too much roots, provided the roots had become sufficiently matured. When fed roots freely in the winter and then carried on with grain and suitable grass during the summer, the quality of the meat from animals so young, If well finished, would be simply superbi Does It Pay to Raise Mules? It certainly does, as there never was a time when the mule did not com mand a fair cash price, and as long as the world continues to grow cotton, corn and sugar and work the mines we must have the mule, and just as long aa these industries are kept up the mule will command a better price than any other of the horse kind compared to what it costs to raise them, says a writer in the New Southwest There is no animal so easy and safe to raise as the mule. He is less subject to dis eases than any other animal, he la easily fattened, he is easily broken to work, and when It comes to selling him he is always ready for the cash. It does not take a high standard bred reg istered mare to raise a good mule. Of , course the better the mare as a rule the better the mule, but any good roamy fifteen and a half to sixteen and a quarter hands and 1,050 to 1,300 pound mare bred to a good Jack will raise a good mule. All kinds of mules sell, and sell well, but the good kind sell much higher and are just as easy to raise if you will use the right kind of jacks and a good average mare. Feeding Sheep For Market. ' In feeding sheep for market avoid feeding corn in excess. I think that is one of the great faults of our sheep feeders they feed too much of the car bonaceous ration, says a New York breeder. It is perhaps true that one can put a flock of sheep into the barn and make a greater gain per day for a reasonable time with corn than with any other kind of food, but one that Is not making lean meat, simply mutton tallow. A much better food will be oats, bran, oil cake, something of that kind which will produce a better qual ity of meat. THE SHEPHERD. Selling the good ewes because prices are tempting is tearing down rather than building up your flock. Sheep should not be "caught by. clutching handf uls of their wool, aa this injures the fleece, to say nothing, of giving pain. As soon as the lambs will eat grain, they should be given a creep, so that they can pass in an adjoining pea away from the mothers and be allowed to eat grain at will. A fender should be placed over the trough, so that the Iambs cannot jump Iu and soil the feed. Don't forget to guard the sheep at night The dog is an epicure and knows what good lamb Is. As a supplementary ration to corn ' stover for sheep a mixture of one-half oilmeal and one-half bran, a half pound to each sheep daily, is hard to eat j Sheep shearing is not a difficult op- j eration, and any man who is willing : can readily learn the art b3P shear- ing machines are popular, practicable ' and profitable. ; The profits from the flock are aot i always dependent upon the number of sheep you keep, but rather on the kind you keep. 1 Cull at shearing time and again at : weaning time. I If you dip your sheep at the proper season in some good dip, you will not have to dip so deep into your pocket j when the day for settling your feed j bill comes along, says American Sheep j Breeder. , As a sheep dip the following Is reo- j omm ended by a breeder: Add forty j pounds of soft soap to ten gallons of boiling water and while boiling add I one pound of carbolic acid. This may i then be thinned down with 100 gallons 1 of cold water. This quantity is sufn-il dent for dipping seventy-five sheep. j