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About Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Benton County, Or.) 1900-1909 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 3, 1903)
SEMI-WEEKL,Y. ll.Lrxle2. Consolidated Feb., 1899. CORVALL.IS, BENTON COUNTY, OREGON, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 1903. VOL. III. NO. 41. I ..l.l IM .1,11.1.. ,. -I.. I I ...II II.. I ..I -III.. . - I I. Mill. 1 " M " ' - . '" ' ' ... - A Tale of tiis Early Settlers of Louisiana. BY AUSTIN C. BURDICK CHAPTER I. We who turn, our eyes westward and beholding the "Star of Empire" setting amid the golden waters of the Pacific, while the folds of our nation's banner al most enwrap the continent, are prone to look upon the valley of the Mississippi as a region old in civilization. Yet, long after the Atlantic shores were gemmed with cities and thriving villages, the great valley of the mid-continent was a ' - vast solitude unknown to our forefathers. 'Loaf after colleges and schools, goveru- ments and courts, societies and churches, had arisen and flourished in the Atlantic colonies, the red man hunted his game in the forest, and drove his canoe over the bosom of the great Father of Waters. unmolested by the pale-faced invader. In the middle of the sixteen century, a bold aud hardy band of adventurous knights and warriors, led by Hernando de Soto, landed at the bay of Santo Spiritu lu i? luriuu, uuu, iu an l. lit; priue aiiu ifumr of glorious array, started off through the deep forests in quest of those fabled cities where7 untold gold awaited their coming. On they went, meeting and TT1 ' . . 1 1 1 , overcoming obstacles innumerable, and ' at length, a worn and weary remnant of the once proud host sat down to rest upon the bank of the mighty river. A little v' further on, they went through jthe wilds of Arkansas, but the same stem, dark forest, with its avenging hordes of red men, met tiem at every step, and they came back to the Mississippi, where De , Soto laid .- down and died. His ' great, hard heart was broken. The remnant of bis party hastily constructed a few rude . vessels,--and mailed down the river, fol lowed by the curses of the Indians. After, this, the great valley remained untrodden by the white men for a cen- ' tury and a, half, when, in J uly, 1G73, a -- small band of Europeans and Canadians, under Joliet and Marauette; reached the banks of the great river. They had come from the St. Lawrence, and had wan dered through the vast solitudes of the Maumee and, the Wabash. They floated down as far as the mouth of the Ar kansas, where, having made themselves sure that the Mississippi emptied into the Gulf of .Mexico, they returned to their people in Canada. Great rejoicings were held, over the reports these adventurers brought with them; yet Joliet and Mar quette both died ere the white man again sought the Father of Waters. Seven years later, - the .celebrated La Salle, at the head of forty soldiers and a few monks, found the mighty river, and after recrossing the Atlantic, and return ing with more aid, and after passing through adventures almost incredible, he zairiy commenced a colony in Louisiana. In 1687, he was assassinated by bis own companions, and the few white men left - were little better than a mere handful of wanderers in the wilderness. a lew cms laiei, came nit; uieii w iiuou Barnes are cherished as among those who Buffered the most and worked the most faithfully for the noble homes of the South. Most prominent among them it . i f . w. in . were me two uruuiera, luerruie auu Bienville, the latter of whom was the . founder of the city of New Orleans, and . for many years governor of the colony. From this time really . commenced the - growth -of Louisiana. This territory was inhabited by numer perhaps, than in any other section of the country. Some- of them were mere fam ilies, insignificant in their capacity as dis tinctive tribes, but yet speaking an idiom peculiar to themselves, cherishing their own exclusive traditions, and exercising ' all the rights of independent powers. But the principal tribes in the southern coun try were tnree in number the Psatchez, the Choctaws, and the Chickasaws, and with these and the Yazoos, did the urencn 01 mat penou nave . mostly -to deal. : ii nao m iue summer or ll -inat we introduce our readers to a .pleasant home on the banks of the Mississippi..-- Some Jlbuge now stands, the Marquis Brion St Tnlian Kail 1-wton1 htmaAl' iinj : tintl 'Hli waannw. .nnat" tllo nrimn it life, having been some five years on the road through' the 'second half, century 'of ma au e, auu iiau ieii r ranee our or pure disgust for the society he was obliged v . . . i a i c i i "1 . . . to .mingle with . there. Unlike most of iuuhc wutf vuuie iif -me iier iiuuie in me vast 'wilderness,'' he was ' wealthy. He -flail lofr Tila 7 1 a iri t Vi a f r V if lirt,.- . vestors, roq iier aeaui was a severe D10W upotf his noble heart. Money was potent, even in the wilder ness, and the marquis had the most . sumptuous residence-in the country. Near his estate, the great river made a sweep to the westward, and his house was built upon a small tributary stream, which ran nearly south from its source, and at a . j : .. . . A .. . 1 . : ' . .. - r ii. .uiaLuiiti; ui ucaiij iu uxiigs 1 1 Ulll cue . Mississippi. Here he and his family lived, with such of his domestics as were needed about him. The house-faced to the west, being about ten rods from the river. Next were ; two buildings, one upon the north and the other u pon the south of the. main ' house, and each about twenty feet dis tant. These were for the residence of the black slaves. Then back of all these, and distant forty feet, were two more build ings, one of them, . twenty feet square, was for the stable, and the other, fifty feet square, was for the general store house of provisions for both, man and beast. In front of the main -dwellingf extended a beautiful garden almost to the rier. Outside of all, was a stout, barricade, completely enclosing the "grounds on which stood the buildings and most of the garden. It was formed of posts driven firmly into the ground, at' the distance of a foot apart and twelve feet high, and then these intervals were tightly filled with other upright timbers, firmly fastened in their places by trans verse girths and stout wooden pins. There were numerous loop or port-holes through this barricade, which could be opened or closed at pleasure. The whole household of the marquis consisted of fifty-two persons. There were himself and two children, and one nephew; eight male white servants and five female whites! twenty-five black males, and ten females of the same dusky ? five female whites! twenty-fire black tore. I hue. And now. considering that bt Julien had arms and ammunition in plenty, we may suppose that he had lit tle to fear from the red neighbors who prowled about his premises. - And yet h had one protection that ought to have been more powerful than all else, anu that was the perfect honor and genuine kindness with which he treated all tne . Indians with whom he came in contact, x Late one afternoon, the marquis went out into one of ms neias tnat lay upon the rich bottom of the Walnut River. The Marouis St. Julien was a tall man. with a slight tendency to stoop in his gait, though this was more the resultVpf a habit of deep thought which he had contracted than of any physical cause His hair was gray a dark, granite-like gray, and he wore it long over his shorn ders, whither it depended in loosely flow ing curls. His features were very regu lar and handsome, but pale and thought ful. His dress was mostly of black vel vet, and its few ornaments of jet. He was, in truth, a noble-looking man, and just such an one as the common class would love to obey and iastinctiyely re spect. Hence his servants were fondly attached to him, and his slaves loved him. He had nearly trained the southern edge of the copse, when he was startled from his reverie by hearing a crashing sound among the dry sticks near him. He stopped quickly, and on the instant his pistol was in his hand. He had time to see a dark object glide from the path in front of him towards the river, and he immediately resolved that this was some thing which wished to escape him. An other thing, also, occurred to his mind, and that was that no man could escape by the way the mystic object had taken for not over six feet from the path in that section was a deep, wide ditch, which he had caused to be dug for the purpose of draining a piece of wet land beyond the hickory wood. The marquis stopped, and as be did so, a tall, powerful man stepped back in the path. "It was an Indian, who stood near ly a head taller than St. Julien, and whose form was straight and muscular. ' "How?" uttered the marquis, steppln back and lowering the muzzle of bis pis tol: "what does the Stung Serpent here? "He is only in the path which bis white brother has made through the forest. returned the red man, standing proudly erect. "But wherefore art thou in his path?" "The Stung Serpent is on his way to his people - "And are there none of thy people with thee? Does the Stung Serpent he who stands second among the Suns of Nat chez wander alone so far from home?" "Yes, for he is not afraid. He knows the white chief is his friend, and where fore should he fear?" "But why did you come here?" asked the marquis, coming more directly to the point.. "I came to guide some traders on their way to the town of the great white chief, and my boat, ia left above , where the great, river turns toward the setting sun, answered the Indian. "Then let my red brother return with me to my home, and there rest for the night." But the Indian would not accept the invitation. He professed to be in haste, and in a few moments more, he turned on his way, and was soon out of eight. As the marquis turned once more borne ward, he pondered upon thii thing. He knew the Stung Serpent well. He was the only brother of the Great Son, or chief, of the Natchez, and was the most noted warrior of the whole tribe. Thus far, in all their intercourse, St Julien had found him upright and honorable, but he well knew how treacherous the Natchez could be, and how the crime of one white man against them could be vis ited upon the beads of all with whom they might come in contact. That Stung Serpent should have come fifty miles from his village to guide a few traders did not seem probable, and yet the mar quis was at a loss for any other cause of the visit. At all events, he resolved to be prepared for danger; so when he reached his dwelling, be called his peo ple together, and having informed them of what he had seen, he bade them be on their guard. . ? After having done this, he was about to turn towards the house, when one of his blacks, a huge Guineaman of Ashante, named Tony, came up to him and spoke. "Look heah, ma r, I seed dat ar Injun when he went down, an he did hab two white men with im. But he's been a lo'okin' all 'bout heah dis long while. Dis arternoou I seed him on de hill ober heah by de cattle, an' he was a lookin sharp all round. S'pose he wants some of your fat oxen,' eh, ruas'r?" . . "When did he go down, Tony?'! : "Arly dis mornin'' "And when did you see him first on his return?" "Jus' 'bout an hour arter" noon' "Then see, that the. dogs are confined among the cattle. The red scamps may mean mischief." And with this, the marquis turned and went into the house. He did not wish to lose any of his cattle, though he would readly have given bountifully of them to those in absolute need. Ah, St. Julien, watch thy cattle, but the red -man wants them not. His quest is nearer thy heart! CHAPTER II. We have remarked that the Marquis St. Julien had two children. They were twins, and were a boy and a girl. Louis St. Julien had seen seventeen years of life, and he had much of his father's look, save that his frame never promised such height. Those who knew Louis best, knew how noble he was at heart, and how fearless he was of danger. In the hour of the deepest peril," he carried a steady hand and a cool head, and if he was more than usually moved,, it was for some loved friend who might share the danger with him. His hair, which was of a dark golden hue, hung loosely oyer his shoulders, curling, as did has father's, and his eyes were large and bright, and of a deep-blue color. The sister was called Louise. Not only was she of the same age, but in every re spect of feature did she resemble her brother. She may have been a little smaller, but the difference was not read ily noticed. She had the same regularity of feature, the same deep golden hair, the same brilliant blue eye, the same fair, open brow, and the same nobleness of expression. She was a beautiful girl, and as she and her brother wandered about together, many and many were the untutored red men who had dwelt with a sort of religious awe upon the fair pic ture. We nave also said that the marquis had a nephew living with him. This was Simon Lobois, the son of St. Julien's sister. He was near five-and-thirty years of age, rather below the medium stature of man, and not very perfect in physical form. His shoulders were heavy, almost to hurrcDiness. and his bead was thrown forward Instead of standing erect. His arms were very long, and his legs rather short and crooked. His hair was black and crisp, and his eyes also black and small; his face was very regular in fea ture, and might have been called hand some but for the tendency of the brow to premature wrinkles, the strange sharp ness of the small black eyes, and the un couth crispiness of the hair. He had been left an orphan at the age of twenty, and had soon squandered what little pat rimony was left him. After this, he had songht his uncle, who kindly gave him a home. Simon was an excellent account ant, so .when the marquis resolved to come to America, he took his nephew with him, to help auperintend the busi ness, And also td act a tutor for his two children, for Simon was a good scholar. It was on the second evening after the marquis had met the Stung Serpent is the wood that the famiiy were sitting in one of the rooms which looked out upon" the garden. It was towards 8 o'clock, but there were no lamps lighted, for the moon was up, bright and full, in the west, and her aoft beams were poured into the sitting room in a gentle flood, which suf ficed for all purposes, of conversation. Thus the family sat, when one of the ser vants entered and announced tftat a stranger had arrived and asked for shel ter and food. St. Julien'a answer wai quickly spoken: "Give him food, and then conduct him hither." In the meantime,, lights were brought, and when the newcomer entered, the win dows had been closed and the room was now brilliantly lighted. He was a tall, nobly formed man, not over five-and-twenty, with a profusion of nut-brown ringlets clustering about his high, full brow, and a sweet smile of gratitude lighting up his handsome face. "Hal a white man?" uttered the mar quis, starting up. "Welcome, sir thrice j welcome! My mind has so run upon j these red dogs, for the past four-and-, twenty hours, that I expected to have seen one of them now. And a country man ?" "Yes, sir," spoke tlje stranger, in a voice peculiarly soft and pleasant. "France is my native land, "Then, welcome again," resumed th host, shaking the stranger once more by the hand, and then conducting him to a seat. The conversation turned upon the nat ural topics of the times, but Simon Lobois did not join In it. He bad made one or two remarks at the commencement; but, suddenly, he seemed moved by the stran ger's appearance, and now was engaged in scanning his countenance. At length, he seemed to have arrived at a solution of the mystery, and a dark cloud gathered over his features ? Meanwhile the conversation went on, and both Louis and Louise seemed try ing to recall some memory of the past. "How far up are you going?" asked the marquis, at length. 1 "At present," returned the stranger, had only thought of seeking the dwelling of the Marquis Brion St. Julien." "Ah!" uttered the host, elevating his eyebrows. "Did you ever know me in France 7' "Very well." "But really- The marquis was here interrupted by Louis, who at that moment sprang from his chair. "Aha!" the youth cried, "I know yon nowr "Do you?" said the visitor, arising and grasping Louis by the hand. Yes yes; Goupart St. Denis r St. Denis?" uttered the old man, start ing quickly from his chair and hastening forward, "Goupart!" cried Louise, also springing forward. "Goupart Goupart!" she re peated. "O, it is It is! Dear, gqod Goupart!" And as these words fell from her lips. she bounded forward and caught the young man by the hand. His eye burned with a strange light as he met her glad. joyous look, and his voice was marked by a perceptive tremulousness as he said: "Yes, Louise it Is your old friend Goupart." , .- Goupart St. Denis!" muttered the dark-browed nephew, to himself, as he cast a look of unmistakable . hatred to wards the newcomer. ; (To be continued.) Conveying a Mild Rebuke. 'That Is ungrammatical," said Mr. Upperby, a smart . young man much given to criticism. ' "What is?" asked his business partner, an "elderly, blue- eyed man of a sly humor but unfailing goodnature. " . . - : A. "That sentence you just now utter: ed." . " - "Perhaps it was. I did not notice how I spoke It. By the way, suppose you look In Webster's Dictionary and see if you pronounced that, word 'un grammatical' correctly. . 'I am quite certain I did," returned Mr. Upperby, taking the volume down from the shelf and opening it. "Why," he exclaimed, after a mo ment's search, "I can't find it in Web ster!" 'I thought perhaps you couldn't," re joined his partner, with a twinkle In his eye. MaklriR Money In Mexico. A New Yorker who has Just returned from a visit to Mexico says that "many Americans are making fortunes out of the mines throughout the Republic. Already there are five thousand silver mines and over one thousand gold mfnes being operated, and last year the value of these metals exported . was nearly $40,000,000. In no other coun try in the world are cotton mills pay ing such dividends as those in Mexico, and new manufacturing ' plants of every description are going op all over the Republic. It has a great future and in developing itself it Is benefiting the business men of the United States. The importation of machinery from this country In the last year amounted to over $8,000,000." Candor looks with equal fairness at both sldM of a subject. Noah Webster. ! ! 8' ! -t- 't The Acrobat. This acrobat, the picture of which ia taken from one in; the American Boy, can be made of Ijeavy cardboard, or, better yet, can be? cut from very thin boards with a scroll saw or a very sharp knife. The head and body are cot from, one piece as shown in cut, the arms are each one piece and the legs are each Jn two parts as shown. The Joints are a made by cord or wire being drawn through at the points indicated, with knots tied on r each side so that the limbs may re- vuwe .rauuj,, Uul, twwQi spreau oui from the body. The bar Is run through the hands and fastened firmly. The pointed shoes are" to catch over the stick, and the fjttip pins In the heels THE COMPETENT ACROBAT. are for the same purpose. The arms must be' ong enough for the head to pass readily between them, Little pegs are driven into the head, under the arms, and' before the legs In such a manner that the limbs will sometimes pass over them and at oth er times patch. Revolve the bar slowr ly and your toy tv11 assume many grotesque shapes l aud afford much amusement, ' There is room fop much originality in the decoration of this toy, and if the boy who makes it can arrange the works of an old clock or some other contrivance to revolve the bar, It will add much, to the interest of the toy. The Adventure of a Toad. One summer afternoon Vandalla, Eleanor and Walter were walking in the park. Walter saw a toad hop ping across the gravel walk, and dis appear in the grass. "Vandalla," cried Walter, "look at th toad." Vandalia and Eleanor came up to where Walter stood and looked at the toad sitting in the grass, con tented and happy. An old man pass ing the children, heard their conver sation about the toad, paused, and said: "Children, let us have some fun with Brother Toad." With his cane in his hand, and getting down on his knees, he slowly pushed the cane through the grass, in the direction of the toad's head, making the grass move as though a snake was crawling through It, The toad all this time sat digni fied and stately as a king, not smile on Si bis homely face, now and then his eyes blinking; he looked the Image of Joy, unclouded by sorrow. As the cane slowly moved through the grass, Its polished surface glis tened in the sunlight, the toad caught sight of It a wonderful change came over him his dignity failed he sud denly gave a great leap In the air and fell down in the grass with a thud. and then began a series of Jumps and THE GREAT ASSOUAN AND THE G00DTHAT WILL COME OF IT. k i XSlkj - " THE ASSOUAN DAM, SHOWING 5 OF THE 108 SLUICE GATES. HN any other age than this the world would have been amazed by the stupendous work the British have done in Egypt by damning the "Nile at Assouan. This great work was begun in February, 1898, cost over $17,000,000, -and was completed .a year ahead of time, though, the working year was confined to eight months. During much of this ft me the thermometer Indicated 120 degrees in the shade. At times 11,000 .men were employed on the dam proper and as many as 13,000 on the barrage and lock at Assiout Most of the workmen were natives, but as many as 900 European stone masons were employed, most of them Italians. - , The works include besides the dam proper, the Assiout barrage, which provides an increased supply of water for the Ibrahaimieh Canal, a naviga tion channel at Assouan, a lock at Assiout and also one at the head of the' Ibrahaimieh Canal at the same place. Navigation past Assouan will now be open the year around, Instead of in high water only, as formerly. The dam is straight and is 1.25 miles long. It is twenty-three feet wide at the top and at Its deepest part eighty:two feet The height is 131 feet The reservoir will flood the Nile valley fdr a distance fifty miles south of Assouan during the months between December and May. The stored water wilk measure 234,300,000,000' gallonsr The greatest head on the dam will be sixty five feet ... ' . - ' . " : - , , ' - The Assouan dam will serve as a "reservoir to supply the Nile during the low water months, when water is most needed and is naturally the scarcest The Assiout barrage will so improve the Ibrahaimieh Canal that about 400,000 acres of land will be added to perennial irrigation,' and the land already under perennial 'irrigation in Middle Egypt, Fayrum, will receive Improved Irrigation during the summer months. Little Stories and Incidents that Will t Interest and Enter tain Young Readers j t -8 ! -t- 4 leaps, like a rabbit makes when the bound chases him. and the toad con tinued these Jumps until he passed out of view down a hill. Walter yelled with delight, crying, "Go It, toady," Vandalla laughed un til tears came Into ber eyes, and aald, "Toady thinks it is a snake," Eleanor looked at the toad bopping away from its supposed danger, and said in a voice of pity, "Poop little tpftd, it a too bad to scare you." When the toad reached Its home un der the rocli , worn out by Its long run for life, he told a great Btory to the other toads of the family,about the snake coming through the grass. and how he hopped away so fast that the snake could not catch him, and lie other toads all looked upon bim as a here. . There is many a man going about with a wonderful reputation for brav ery, whose bravery, like that of the toad, rests solely upon a danger that never existed. New York Observer. My Bed Is a Bqaf. My bed is like a little boat; ffurpe helps roe in when I embark She girds me In my sailor coat And starts me in the dark. At night I go on board and say -Good night to all my friends on shore; I shut my eyes and sail away And see and hear no more. And sometimes things to bed. I take . As prudent sailors have to do; Perhaps a slice of wedding cake, Perhaps a toy or two. All night across the dark we steer; But when the day returns at last, ' , Safe In my room beside the pier, I find my vessel fast. Robert Louis Stevenson. Browsing: on Banknote. Probably one of the oddest claims ever made against a bank is recorded as haying been made against the Na tidnaj Bank, of Belgium, x An old peas ant woman bad laid on the grass a JacHet containing banknotes of small denomination 'to the amount of $240 in the pocket, and while she was at work her pet nanny goat had-got at the notes, which it had eaten. The beast was killed and the chewed pa per recovered from the stomach was submitted in support of a claim for compensation, which the bank paid after verifying the facts by chemical analysis and other inquiry. A Home Made Beach. My little two-year-old cousin had been to the sea shore for the first time. When he returned home, he was given a sand pile In the back yard to play on. After filling a pall with it, ne emptied it all on. the kitchen floor. and then said to his mamma: "Look, Mamma, the sea-shore is aft over the floor." Little Chronicle. A SI tin of Maturity. My cousin Florence, who is a three- year-old, was taking an afternoon stroll with her mother when they pass ed a window in which there were a number of ereen parroauets and a large red parrot, Florence stopped and said, "O, mamma, dose little parrots aren't ripe yet, but dat red one Is." Little Chronicle. He Knew the Species. A gentleman was one evening show ing his five-year-old son yarious pic tures of animals. When they came to a black bear climbing a pole, the child exclaimed: "Oh, papa, you don't need to tell me that one. That's a polar bear." RESERVOIR, SkJ House for Smokiai Meats. Many farmers sell off the bogs raised on the farm and buy the hams and bacon used In the family, giving as an excuse that a well-arransred smoke house is too expensive for them to have. The smokehouse shown in the illustration, while a homely - affair, gives good service sfQd, will cost but Httje tQ buld. A dry goods box or ft piano ' box will answer the purpose nicely. The bottom is removed from the box and a hinged door is arranged as shown, so that the meat may be easily put in ana taken out, This cover is arranzed so that it can be fastened with a staple and hook when the meat Is being smoked. The smok ing arrangement of this box Is an ideal one. A hole is dug In the ground b!x or eight feet from the box and a trench dug from the hole to a point about the middle of the box. Have a length of stwe pipe fastened to an old, heavy tin kettle, into which a hole has been cut by the tinsmith. When ready to smoke the meat iuild a fire of corn cobs in the kettle, set it In the hole and add stove pipe lengths to the cen ter of the house, terminating with an elbow. After the fire Is well started cover the kettle with a piece of tin, to force all the smoke possible through the stove pipe Into the house. All IIOME HADE SMOKE BOUSE. cracks about the. house should be filled in so that the smoke will not escape. This is a crude affair, but it does the work quite as well as the most expen sive appliances attached to smoke houses. Mulchinjj the Strawberry Beds. The mcst successful growers of straw berries in the country have decided that spring cultivation is not desirable, al though for years this was the universal practice. They do the cultivation for the .year after the plants have fruited, and in the winter mulch the plants lightly, putting on only sufficient to keep the plants from being heaved out of the ground by the alternate freezing and thawing of the soil In late winter and early spring. The mulch Is. left on by some growers until after the picking season, when it Is raked up In piles and ; burned to destroy the Insects in It; oth- j er growers raise tne muicn on. in me late spring and burn it, applying fresh mulch, which is allowed to remain dur ing the 'season and until after picking. Either plan Is good, but the main thing Is -to apply the mulch and do It as soon as the ground Is frozen. While the plants may not need protection from the winter, the mulch will aslst in pro tecting the drowns and the delicate run ners and new plants, which set late in the season,. and It keeps the soil from becoming compacted by the heavy rains of winter. In all sections where there Is winter,, mulch Is desirable for straw berry plants, and as it costs but little and Is quickly applied, there Is no ex cuse for not doing the work and reap ing the profitable returns. . A Succession of Damages. "I remember," says Farmer Grind stone, "what an orful time two of my neighbors onct had when I lived down in Kansas. They used to spend every livin' thing they could scrape together a-lawln' of It over line fences. Gill's, cows would break through Jones' fence and destroy his corn, and Jones would set his dog onto 'em and malm one or two, and GUI's boy would shoot the dog, and Jones would lick the boy. Then Gill would sue Jones for not keeping up his fence, and Jones would turn round and sue Gill for the dam aged corn, and Gin would sue Jones for the damaged cattle, and Jones would sue Gill for the damaged dog, and Gill would sue Jones for the dam aged boy; and the outcome of the whole performance would be that -Gill would have left a damaged cow and a damaged boy and Jones would have a damaged fence and some damaged corn and a damaged dog, and after both havin' used a good deal of dam aged language they would find their bank accounts badly damaged and the lawyers would get the benefit of the harvest Field and Farm. Excellent Winter Food. Turnips and carrots make excellent Winter food. For cattle they should be sliced with a root slicer, which does the work very rapidly. Even poultry can consume such foods when the ma terials are sliced. The way to prepare sliced roots is to sprinkle cornmeal and bran over the mess and give it to the cattle, or fowls at least once a day. The advantages are that such foods are succulent easily digested and they afford a change from the usual dry rations. Ensilage" should also be given If there is a supply on hand but the root crops will be found excellent, no matter what the other foods may be. - How to Handle Incubators. I have had an experience of ten years, with four different makes of In cubatorsand have Harned a few nec essary things. One is that any incu bator, if rightly handled, will give good results, or when poorly handled will make a failure. The best batch I have ever made was 93 per cent, the poorest BO per cent of fertile eggs. I have raised with brooder 70 per cent of chicks, and without brooder only about 50 per cent. I have found that a child cannot oper- 1 UOW THE EGG SHOULD LOOK. ate one, as It requires brains, common sense and Judgment, with a knack for surmounting unexpected difficulties. Too much attention is worse than not enough, twice a day, if properly adjust ed, being all that Is needed to look af ter a machine. Avoid too much moisture. I use none now, having nearly spoiled a hatch in that way once. Cool and air eggs once each day, and turn twice. Don't fuss with Teggs or chicks. Extremes of heat, " say from 90 to 110 degrees, not too long continued, will make shells tender, and give better hatches. Chicks ' are as healthy as those hatched under hens, and have neither lice nor mites to con- tend with. One Incubator holding 200 eggs requires about the same care as three old hens on forty-five eggs. A moisture test Is absolutely necessary. The picture shows how the egg- should look at different periods. A cave on cellar is the best place to operate an incubator. A brooder should face the south and have sunshine. Mrs. L. M. Lutton, In Farm and Home. 1 Feeding Damaged Corn Fodder It is utterly useless to feed damaged corn fodder to cattle that are designed for market, for they will not gain a pound of fat on it. If possible, avoid feeding the frosted fodder at all, but if it must be given the stock, furnish it only after they have been well grained and bad a fair supply of good rough age; give it to them largely for the pur pose of keeping them busy when they are In the barn between meals." They will eat a little of It and break up most of it, so that It can afterward go to the hogs to nose over and from there to the manure heap. In many sections the oat crop was heavy, but In many Instances badly damaged. If too badly damaged to sell to advantage, It may be fed, to gether with barley and oilmeal, to great advantage, giving it freely to cattle that are being fattened as well as. to milch cows. In feeding this mixture the oats and barley should be ground together and the oilmeal added after- ward ana well mixed tnrougn, To Tighten Barbed Wire. A guard from a mower or reaper, a, is caught on to the wire. Through one end is pased a loop of stout wire, b, S or 10 inches long. The lever, d, should be four or five feet long. A' common fence staple should be used at c to bold . the loop b. By this method wire may be tightened for several posts at the same time. . .., ? w Creamery Don'ts. Don't put ice in the chufn. " " Don't let your tubs get moldy. Don't churn the cream at too high a temperature... Don't overchurn the butter and make it salvy. . Don't handle your tubs with dirty, greasy fingers. Don't let the tubs stand in the hot sun after they reach the station. Don't mix grades without marking them and think they will all pass as extras. Don't think that the commission men are all trying to beat yoU In weights and prices. : U . Don't weigh too heavy - and expect your weights to hold out at the other end of the line. Creamery Journal. s - Farm Notes All animals of the same variety are not' alike, and scarcely any two will do equally well on the same feed. Each animal's wants should be supplied If possible. Cattle of different ages should be separated for feeding, as the weak ones will not do well with the strong Cows are weak and shy; It takes them longer to eat their meals, and they should, therefore, be put where they cannot be domineered by their superiors In strength, : ; There are two most Important things ' to be kept In mind by the. fruit raiser pruning and mulching. If those two duties are well performed -success Is nearly always certain.. If-w.ell mulched the fertilizing material Is'thus supplied by filtration, from the mulching down to the feeding roots, which is the very best self -regulating method of fertiliz- . lng. By allowing this mulching to re main In winter and early spring the roots are kept moist and vegetation prevented from springing '.'up around bushes, or a heavy sod from forming.