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About East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 3, 2017)
East Oregonian Page 9A OFF PAGE ONE CAMP: Community justice work crews put items into the dumpster Tuesday, January 3, 2017 TRIBES: Some sites are underwater behind dams Continued from 1A everyone abandoned the camp by late November or early December, but they left behind the trailer and a lot of waste and debris. The sheriff’s office worked with the planning department’s code enforce- ment arm and with the community justice department to remove the garbage and teamed up with Sanitary Disposal Inc. of Hermiston, which provided a large commercial dump- ster. The dirty work of putting camp items into the dumpster fell to community justice work crews, which consist of local offenders making good on community service hours as part of their probation. Littlefield said cleaning up the camp was another Continued from 1A some important sites out there that we don’t talk about a lot because of concerns about what would happen because of vandalism.” Fish survival, hydro- power, irrigation and navi- gation get the most attention and will be components in the environmental review due out in 2021. But at more than a dozen public meetings in the four states to collect feedback, the cultural resources program has equal billing. Comments are being accepted through Jan. 17. The review process is being conducted under the National Environmental Policy Act, or NEPA, an umbrella law that covers the well-known Endangered Species Act. Thirteen species of salmon and steelhead on the Columbia and Snake rivers have been listed as federally protected species over the past 25 years. But NEPA also requires equal weight be given to other laws, including the National Historic Preserva- tion Act, which is where the cultural resources program comes in. Among the 4,000 sites are fishing and hunting processing areas, ancestral village areas and tribal corridors. “People were very mobile, prehistorically,” said Kristen Martine, Cultural Recourse Program manager for the Bonneville Power Administration. Some of the most notable sites with human activity date back thousands of years and are underwater behind dams on the Columbia and Snake rivers. Celilo Falls, a dipnet fishery for thousands of years, is behind The Dalles Dam on the Columbia River. Marmes Rockshelter was occupied 10,000 years ago but now is underwater behind Lower Monumental Dam on the Snake River. “If we’re breaching dams, it would definitely change how we manage resources,” said Gail Celmer, an archae- ologist with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. U.S. District Judge Michael H. Simon ordered the environmental review in May after finding that a massive habitat restoration effort to offset the damage that dams in the Columbia River Basin pose to North- west salmon runs was failing. Salmon and steelhead runs are a fraction of what they were before modern settlement. Of the salmon and steelhead that now return to spawn each year, experts say, about 70 to 90 percent originate in hatcheries. Those opposed to breaching the Snake River dams to restore salmon runs say the dams are an important part of the regional economy, providing irrigation, hydropower and shipping benefits. Meanwhile, several tribes said they are better able to take part in the review process than they once were. “Tribes have not had much opportunity to partic- ipate in these things because they didn’t have professional staff or trained people,” said Guy Moura of the Colville Confederated Tribes in Washington state, noting the tribe employed four people in its cultural resources program in 1992 but now has 38. “With growth in size, there also came the evolution of what was being done.” The tribe at one time had a large fishery at Kettle Falls, on the upper part of the Columbia River, but it was inundated in the 1940s behind Grand Coulee Dam. Dams farther downstream on the Columbia prevent salmon from reaching the area. Also among the 4,000 historical sites is Bonne- ville Dam, one of 14 dams involved in the environ- mental impact statement. Bonneville Dam is the lowest dam in the system at about 145 miles from the mouth of the Columbia River. It started operating in the 1930s and became a National Historic Landmark in 1987. Photo contributed by Umatilla County Sheriff’s Office Umatilla County law enforcement and planning department, with the help of Sanitary Disposal Inc. of Hermiston, cleaned out property Thursday along the banks of the Umatilla River on River Road where campers were unlawfully residing in tents and a small trailer. example of the fine work the crews do. Staff at Sanitary Disposal reported the trash came to 4,280 pounds, not including the trailer, which a tow truck hauled off. Littlefield said the garbage filled the dumpster, but the amount was surprising. The sheriff’s office planned to clean up the camp at the start of December, but Littlefield said winter storms delayed the work. The sheriff’s office during the summer also helped clean up a camp outside Milton-Freewater on the Walla Walla River, but Littlefield said that was much smaller. 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