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About East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current | View Entire Issue (Sept. 21, 1917)
a Page Fifteen Twenty-Eight Pago East Oregonian Round-Up Souvenir Edition Pendleton, Oregon, Friday, September 21, 1917. Grain Raising Plus Stock Growing Offers Success for Dry Farm Region Let 'er Buck Let 'er Buck WASHINGTON, Hep.. 20. The fu ture of tho dry lunds of central Ore icon Ilea In the combination of grain v ith stock. Bay special. Hta in the U. 8. Jbepurtment of AffHnulture. The total area of thin section in about 26,000,000 bcren, of which probably 1,000,000 can txj Irrigated eventually. Of the re mainder, approxlmatnly 4,000,000 acres ciin be dry funned, and the rest fitted only for range. Under thenn c ire urn -atancofi, says a new publication of the V. H. Department of AKrlcuJture, Far mers' Bulletin K00, It 1h probable that the day of the Hinall stockman-farmer In thiH section Is at hand. The ranKes iitUHt be brought under control so that they can not be destroyed by overgraz ing and In connection with some sys tem of control or rotation grazing, dry furminir must be employed to grow grain for the winter feeding, and the flnthhing of stork. If this Is done, cen tral Oregon should produce many times an much wealth as It has in the pant. As the average annual rainfall In this section is about 11 Inches, which Usually is sufficient to produce crops on good, well-farmed Soil, the princi pal drawback to crop production Is not lack of moisture but the frequen cy of summer frosts. The frost-free period Is seldom more than 40 to DO days. Under these conditions, it has been found that winter wheat Is the best yielding grain crop on the soils adapted to its culture. Rye. oats and Varley follow In the order named. From the standpoint of yield and value when cut for hay, however, rye must be placed before wheat. "Winter wheat Is particularly adapted to the valley silt loams and the pla teau fine sandy loams but only In lo calities where snow lies on the ground throughout the winter and where frosts do not occur too regularly in late June and July. Experience has shown that it is not profitable to grow what on the same area two years In succession. Some rotation should be adopted which allows the land a yar of fallow between wheat crops. This is true of spring wheat as well as win ter, r t the Harney Kxperiment Sta tion, for instance, sprint? wheat grown for four yearn continuously yielded on an avrrage -5 bushels per acre, which meant it was estimated a net loss of $1.65 a year. Vh-n the same land was fm miner fallowed evry second ypir th avernge crop W;is 18.5 butm el. w 'ilrh mnant. mnking all the ne- coMru allownnt's. a not gain of $.f7 rer acre. On n 32". nrre form, this w uld morn that the vills from continuous cropping would bring the farmer $T2R los nth an it cost htm to produce the crop. On the other hand, if h cropped half his lend each year nml allowed the other half to lie In fallow, his returns would be $411 over the cost of production. On thlseach year, cropping it to Krain the fo taals, therefore, there Is a difference of $939 a year in favor of summer fallow. This, , it may be said, applies equ ally to the other Important crops rye, oats and barley. Kye Is today the principal crop grown on the dry farming lands of central Oregon, but wheat may yet outrank it. Winter rye Is the only type now grown, but it frequently is sown in early spring, and under those circumstances, will succeed on nearly all soils and under nearly all climatic conditions in cen tral Oregon where any grain crop will succeed. Delay of one or two weeks, however In seeding often results in failure. When sown In the fall, win ter rye is adapted particularly to the valley silt loams and to the plateau fine sandy loams where there is usu ally a winter covering of snow. For feeding purposes, the value of rye grain Is probably not as great as that of wheat, barley or oats, but, never theless, it usually sells on the mar ket for about the same price per pound as wheat. As a hay crop for wintering stock from the range, good management may result in making It worth to the feeder as much as $7 or $8 a ton. In the production of pounds of grain per acre, oats may be expected to rank second to wheat, under average condi tions upon fallowed land. As a mar ket crop or as a feed crop for fatten ing meat animals, however, oats do not have as high a feed value as wheat. Winter oats will not survive the ordi nary winter, and spring oats are best adapted to the valley silt loams. An average yield of about 3 0 bushels per acre may be expected on summer fal lowed land. Parley, says the bulletin, is lowing year, and sowing some other crop on the stubble the following spring. As the stubble land may be double disked, this scheme makes plowing necessary only once in three years. On the other hand, few crops will make a profitable yield in average years if they follow a grain crop. Kye, field peas and possibly sweet clover, do best under these circumstances. Peas have the advantage of being not only a leKuminous crop which adds nitrogen to the soil, but also a culti vated crop, and cultivation will help in the production of good yields of the grain crop that follows. In planting any kind of grain It is Important good seed Hhould be se lected. This must be of a variety which Is adapted to the soil and cli matic conditions of the region and which possesses earllness and hardi ness. A few additional cents per acre for good seed, says the bulletin, usu ally will be returned many times In the value of the crop. It is also very desirable to adopt the precaution of treating seed grain with a formalde hyde solution in order to make certain that It Is free from smut. The usual strength of the solution Is 45 gallons of water to,! pound of 4 0 per cent for maldehyde. A full discussion of this treatment for grain smut is contained In Farmers Bulletin fi07. a copy of which may be obtained by applying to the Department of Agriculture. Wash ington. D. C. fare should be taken, it Is said, that the formaldehyde be of standard strength such as is supplied in sealed bottles, and that the grain should not be allowed to become infect ed again after treatment by using sacks or drills which have not been disinfected with the formaldehyde. Timely Information As to Pay and Requirements of United States Army Continued from page 14. There is no provision at present for parcel-post service between our forces In Kurope and the United States or Its possessions. Private telegrams to be cabled to members of the American Expedi tionary Force in Europe will be ad dressed "Amex-force, London,' wlta the addressee's name and the offl cia designation of the unit to which he belongs appearing as the first words of the text. Under no circumstances shoull prob- t lhe location or station of a unit be ably less adapted to central Oregon dry farming lands than wheat, oats or rye. It does very well where the soil Is usually quite moist and in seasons of abnormally heavy summer rainfall. HorleV, like oats, should In Eeneral be grown onlv for feeding on the farms where produced. As has been pointed out. it Is not profitable to grow any of thepe grains consecutively on the same land. Some rotation, therefore, is necessary to profitable returns. The simplest one In that In which a grain crop is fol lowed by a year of fallow. This plan, however, does nothing to maintain the fertility of the soil and. where possible II is advisable for this reason to in clude nitrogen gathering rmpg lil'e pens and sweet clover. Alfalfa can not be included In a short rotation, be cause it Hhould be kept on the land for several years once a stand has been established. A three-year rotation which has certain advantages consists of sum mer fallowing one-third of the land designated In the address or body of a telegram. Examples are given as follows: A telegram to Captain John B. Jones, Medical Corps, United Stated Army Rise Hospital No 10. Araerl can Expeditionary Forces, would be in the folowlng form; Amexforce, London, John B. Jones. Base Hospital Number 10: Have followed your Instructions. MARY JONES. Or, for Private H. K. Smith, Com pany K, Forty-seventh United H.hum Infantry: Amexforce. Iondon, John H. Jo cmfwy mfwy fksarb H K. Smith. 'o. K, Forty-seventh !'. S. Infantry: Will not change address. JANE SMITH To comply with European censor ship regulations all messages must be written In plain language (Eng lish or French), or in an internation- branches, as Indicated In paragraph 186. A considerable number of pro visional second lieutenants are lso required. (Wee paragraph 187 and following. 185- Avenues for entering the ar my. Officers for the reular army are graduates from the West Point mili tary academy or those who have passed examination for provisional ( second lieutenant (.see paragraph 187 and following), or such reserve of ficers as may be assigned. The en listed men of the regular army are J volunteer or those assigned f rom j the selective draft. (See paragraph , 1 94 and following j Enlistments on or after May IS are for the period qr the emergency, and it is the policy of the war de partment to treat enlistments from April 1, 191", on the same basis, 186. The regiments added to the regular army to bring It up to war strength are Engineers, 4 regiments, organiza tion completed. Cavalry. 8 regiments, organization completed. t Field Artillery. 12 regiments, or ganization completed. Coast artillery. 10,000 men, list full. Infantry. 27 regiments 1,96 3 each ). organization partly completed. Severtil thousand recruits were re quired for the Signal Corps. Includ ing aviation ) . nuarterm aster enrn-) ' and medical department (sanitary t forces). These lists have been filled , except for specially qualified men. I In addition to the recruits needed 17 ' I Want to Buy- HORSES MULES a I code, and must be intelligible to the censors. The use of two codes to fill the 27 new infantry regiments required to languages or of combinations of code and plain language 1n the same message Is forbidden. Code language may be used only in full-rate mes sages 0 Codes authorized by the British censorship are: A. B. C 5th; Scott's 10th; Western Union; I-eiber's; Bentley's Complete ' ri MM iA MM From 15-2 to 16-1 hand. From 15 to 16-1 hands Highest prices paid Be sure and see me before you sell your stock. From 50 to 100 Horses and Mules Always on Hand to Sell I can furnish you just what you want. PmdSetea Horse & Mule Market J. H. LUCK, Prop. O. K. Feed Yard, Pendleton. 621 Aura Street Phrase Code (not IncludliiR the oil unit mineral supplements) ; Broom -hall's Imperial Combination Code: rubber edition; Myers- Atlantic Cot ton Code, thlrty-nlntn edition; River side Code, fifth edition. In CABe a of code message. the name of the code must be deslBnate.1 when the messaire is filed. Every telegraph messaKe must be slimed. The surname alone may bo used but such a signature as "John," "Mary,- "Mother," etc, Will not b.. passed. Attention Is called to the fact that there are three classes of service available full rate. deferred rate, and week end rate. It Is the Intention of the war de partment to detail an officer spec ially to care for army mall matters. The IiMmiar Army. 184. Men needed. About 15.000 recruits were needed on July 30 for the roeular army tn the various aoout 23.000 men were brinfi the 37 infantry regiments thoriwd for peace times up to war footing. Recruits over the 300.000 resular forces are needed to fill vacancies In order that the war strenpth may be maintained. Men may conseauentlv enlist In the regular army even after ne authorized strength has reached. the been You are Here for a "nip Snorfin' " GO Timo TO BT what But you will also need clothes for the coming season and that is just exactly t.iu .iwx.f You will want to stock ur before you leave town, or probably you will need some "sport in' " clothes while you are iiyin arouna in town. You hare all beard of us, if you haven't you have missed something. 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