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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (May 26, 1876)
tlPilflllitf f lire M f ' I p mg Jf iplfr"!!): S3.00 per Year. Hints -flowing, Sowing, etc. T3d Wicr.jETTB Farmkii: With your consent I will givea few hints relative to ex perience and observation In the matter of plowing, sowing. Ac. As the old sajlug If, ' There Is a proper time tor all things. " This maxim Is undoubtedly true. Tlio dlf culty Is to know when tbe workouidittobe done. Seasons differ so much In Oreicon, that farroets are of en puzzled to know when they should plow. There are so many different kinds ot soil and In close proximity: more so than In any State I ever livnd In. This being the Centennial year, should bo an Inducement for farmers to look back In their business aflUIrs, and see if there has been any tnlaten taken; If so, this Is a good timo to turn over a new leaf. With the ex ceptions of low and bottom lands, I Uud from observation and experience that the test time to plo Is it! the fore part of the winter. Commence plowing as oon as f os sible after haivt, aod continue until com pleted. Tills gU db a ulmnce to germi nate, besides rn'ire benefit, is derived trom 'undergrowth. Hitibulu and oil turned up Ip the fore part of tho winter hs a. beit-r chance for such rlwcuiCAl opwratiotiH ai are necessary for growth of vegetation. The majority of nutriment omnm trom rain and the aunospheri. Tbts bolog the c-ise, soil that's nevt-r oeen exposed to the sun and atmosphere requires tlmo for such change s to take place. We tlnd from observatloii that our rains, that aro so much dreaded In this country, have the same etlt-ct on our soil as freezing in colder countries; and right here I would say, one cause of our success Jo. raising grain is the heavy dews to wbluh we are subject through the growing season. A heavy full of -dew is better than three tlmetheamoanUn the shape of rain, from the fret that rain comes wittvsaeh fores' nd In the heat of the day and Is soon absorbed ly the soil and atmosphere, or, more proper ly the sun, whilst tue lAltlng ot new comm its tlirongh the night, and is entirely ah porbed by the soil. I have noticed plowing thIsseaou (as well as in former times), that was doue in the J'ore part of wiuter, that was in a pulveriz ing condition, when in the same field or on joining forms, the ground that was plowed ga MHrd and in a rouditlon impossible to pulvtriza Mv motto is, (ndl find many Jarmers coincide) plow early, and then lei the boisterous March pass over; after that give jour laud a sinule strok of the harrow; mv your grain; and use modern cultivators, Whit wo call slnule rvsrn, with nine or ten pjiws. Sucb a pii-ce of machinery four horses can take along all day, nnd put In from ten to tifteon acres. Grain, cultivated In this form is prefer bl to drilling or Hon ing broadcast and harrowing in, trom the fact that by cultivating we accomplish three objects by passing over the ground once, where a drill only performs one: first, the rala is covered up rut well, if no: better; the ground is better pulverised: and last, but not least in importance, there is nothiug comes as near killing weods or foul under growth. On the other hand, there is no bet tercnltlvator of weeds than a drill. Why do; ou so often see fields thrown out to the cauii'7 is It entirely bacHiisa the soil is ex iiausud? no, it is from the fact the weeds late taken possesion. Grain spread broad east i preferable, from the fact It is more equally distributed, and sprangles out bet tor. The more stalks from one grain and the larger the talk, the longer the head, -the larger the grains and more plump. This prove the benefit of grain spreading. The rviu-es of grain spreading, I find tbere is C msiderable diversity of oiloion plxnit. There is an old eay log, "sow grain early if you want it to spread." This idea I consider erroneous. I will give you my reasons, and the readers of your valuable paper can be tbe judge of their correctness. The qualiiy and condition of the ground when the grstu s sowod, andthe weather. I'll admit there are ome kinds of grain that abiead more than others, but this does not disprove tbe argument. Excuse the length of this srtlole, for theso matters presented are or no minor oonse- smeuce to tbe tanners of Oregon n. R. K. Jrvimj, Lane Co. Dbowmcd On last nature" ay, about 4 cfcbvk, Mr. Jacob Siamour, of Fern Kldge, r-.-'jIs onurty. wet with a a1 accident. v'n r- gmour hail hioih water in A krg for WMnilK or scrubbing, and while tor atten tion wv called to some other pare of the home J1U1 girl, about two year of age, went to the barrel or keif and attemp'd to .lln an.A WAJr Allt nf t.tlA ftaiTIA. ftl ftltDf? SO I fell into Jhe keg and More any person oilseed ter ahoriraa drowned. Gtatamai j Still Moro about Hogs. Ed. Farmer: I am glad that friend Crow has not lost all faith in blood. Now, Friend Cross, I think I understand you you think so much of high feeding that you are willing to sacrifice some of Ibe uitrits of blood or breed In hog, to Induce farmers to feed higher. Now, tho worst advice you over gave was when you said, " I say to all do not start with improved breeds, unless you Intend using good cart) nnd feeding well." The fact is, the better the blood the less at tention1 and feed, friend Croas to the contra ry notwithstanding. About 45 years ago my brother F. W. (of Hmtevlllp) and I caught tA-o elm-peeler ahosts that, ran in the corn field. We talked of yoklug them a la poosn, tgkcep them out of tho oorn-fleld, but finally conolnded to put them in a tlghi pen end feed there well on corn and milk They were not wild, and ate well fioni the start, and did as well as any scrub hogs could do. About (lor 8 wo-ks after wo put them up Father (J. C. Geer of Buttoville) biught a spotted China hour, put in the pen wltb them, and we soon found the boar was getting too fat, and wo shut off pirt of the feed, and still he got fatter and fatter, al though tbe elm-peelers nto three-fourths of the feed and squealed for more nil the time, and wa were ooajpollpd to take the boar out or starve tbe elm-pe'lers to death, or nearly so. That experiment was all the lesson tbut fatbor or I ever wanted to teach us that " blood, would tell " in hogs, us well as other stock, and utitill we cimo to Oregon wo nev er bought a scrub hog to fued or breed. 1 say.to nil, Do not start with scrub stock, without you intend to use the best care and feed to the highest r.otch, for without tbe brtst of tare and tbe highest feed scrub hogs are a curse to any farmer; whereas, Poland' Chios and o'ber easily, kept 'hogs do well without .much car. ofjjjgh ftied.'and Ifyon don't believe me, come to our farm and I will convince' you that ' blood will tell" Just as much if not more thau feed, and, certain ly, with 100 per cent, more profit, which lriend Crns.8 bnos as well as I do. lam ails tied from experience that It Is better lo sell wheat at one cent a pound and pay rive c-nts per bushel to have It drawn to market, than to teed it to scrub hog(-; couseqiitii'ly the farmer that owns scrub hogs ought to o.vn but few. I suppose everybody has heard of the two men thnt were traveling, and as they were passings, very poor look ing rin one tuau bay to tho other, "Icwear, tbe man that owns this farm must be a very poor man'' and tbe owner happened to he in hearing, and he immediately respondtd "not so poor as j ou might suppose, tor J own only half ol it." Now, the less cold b 'oodl u (.tock a man owns, tbo better, and the more warm btooil in his stock, the better. The best buoon thnt I ever made, or that friend Cross over niHde, was mado trom tine grained, thin-skined, warm-blooded, high bred boirs. K. C. Gkuh. Fruit Farm, Marion Co. Fatal Accident. SMiTHFiKf.n, Lank Co., M.v 22, 1370. Ki. Faii.hkh: A Mid Htl'iir tjapiiiodiu the Oijeshur neighb irhond ou Thursday evea fng of last week. Frank Hart accidentally bhot himself with aScii(er rltie, llm ball taking nliout about two iiuihes to tho lnfl of the navel, ranging through and coming out biHweou the opposite hip mid back bone. Dr. P. J. Lee was summoned, but of no avail, the woundbd iiiMiiejiijIred t.even hours alter beiug alio;. Ou luovlng the houso he was cautioned by an MtfoCtionHto mother to becarelul of the gun, to which ho leplied: " Mother, don't be M-aiod about me, there is no danger of uiy nhootlug myself, " but alas! thirty minutes from thii caution, ho was do uned to the grave. Just ono hour ago! Oh, whnt ach'angtl To hJm It was but a brlbf thought. Uud bo minded lii mother's caution his Ufa might have been spared. Ihis tad event cannot be iorgotteu by those who loved him, aud who have only left of him a memory of happy hours that are past uud gone. G. W, GjBlON. Wamiinuton, May 21 The following are tht potot)H'H rhangf n in Oregon anil Wasli iuglton Territory for tho Meek: Othces es tablished North Powder, Baker county, Oreeou, iiim M. A. Tartar, postamtrt-as; Norwy, Coris coiiniy, Oreiron, ,J. IJuury Schroeuer, posimsiiier: Oneonla, Benton i-ounty, Orecvn, John K Peterson, posimas-t-i: RlfRoPi 'iif, Clf ckxmhscnnnty.Oiegou, W. J. AIIUon. postmusUir: lijy Center, Pa cltlncouinv. Wiifcblni.ton Terrilorv. Sldnpv Smith, wMmahMr; FoRtmsster appblnterl Henry Jacktor, Jjw illj Suoliomlsti coum.y, Wublogton TtrrltTy, SALEM, OREGON, MAY 26, Letter from Daniel Clark, Esq.. Pleasant Toiist Fabm. Mauion County, Orkook ok. i, 1870. ) Msy 18th Editor WiM.AMjrrTE Farmkb: Will you please give the following a place in your pa per? While Kst last lallJ made made the arqualntanco af Mr. C. G. Akam, one of the principal stockholders in the Whitney Sew lug Machine Company, of Patterson, New Jcrsoy, and made arrangements wltb him to introduce their sewing machines into this State and Washington Territory, through the Gningn. I brought a few of them homo with me. Our Slate Agont has a, fresh sup ply ou hand, and there are more on the wey. Tbe Agent expects, in the future, to keep them constantly ou hood to supply all want lug a first-class machine for a reasonable prlre, nnd to supply agencies in other parts of the country. As a family maoblne, tbey Aro not surpassed by any; they are fully warranted, and each purchaser la permitted to.keep tbe machine twenty days on trial, and, if not entirely satisfied, they can return tbe machine, and their money Will be re funded. Wbilo In Louisville last fall I took some pains to loAm the standing aud charac ter of those where they bad been tried. To that end, I talked with Bro. Price, State Ageut of Missouri, and Bro. Guthrie, State Agent of Kentucky and Tennessee, also Bro. Tiner, State Ageut ot Indiana, Ml of whom render the same verdict, and I cannot give It belter thau to quote llro. Tlner' own state ment, as published m tbe Bulletin of tbe Kentucky State Granvte, as follows : " Office of Iudlaua State O ranee Purchas ing Agency, lnciUuHisilix, May Ut, 1875. C. G. Akam.K q Cincinnati, O.: DearSir Yours ot the -ttu uk. received. In reulv would say vyo have sold, throusrh our State Agency, in the ptst six utoutbs, y.U. Whitney .vjwins' Machines, amounting to $39,655 CO, all of whioh are giving Unifefsal sutlsluo tion. Vel.bavi given ea;h parhaHr the privilege orreturuinrfiniiolilneM and lefa tid ing money If hot perieotly, katirflw), ,antl I tnko plriAure in stadtig that' we he noi uciin iiArit tu no no ia a single instance. Wishing you oontluued success. Tarn, very respectiuiiy, yours, a. iinkk, State Purcnasing Ageut, Indiniia." This gentleman (Mr.Akara) started for this coast April 2t):h; will stop a abort time ui uamoruia, fmu tiopes to visit uregon be fore returning to the Ewt, and J hoopeuk for him a hearty and lno'horly welcome from all Patronn in this Junsdictioii as n co-worker iu briuciug producer aud copuumerln direct contact with each other. You will fiud him a pleasant gentleman, lib Is I he traveling agent of the Company. Truly fours, OAN'r, Clark. A Kow Telescope. En. Farmer: One of Oregon's produo'Inn Is t telescope mailo by Mr. T. W. May, of this county. Tho f.!zo of the telescopo is torty-two inulies In leneth; tli objoet glass is lour inches iu dUuiHtor; ono eye glass Is onenndono-qoMrter JnchoH In diameter; tbe other is sevon eights in dlvn-,V)r, Thsse lenses urs made fro'iiplu'eglnat lbro eights of ono inch thick. Witl the oxcaption of tbe correcting lens, it is nudo from cut gla. There aro eight lynsis In the tuloicoii'i. It takes several weeks to nuke oun lt-ns-grindiug and polishing. It will nitgnfy about two hundred timet; will show all the phsses of Venus; the many sputa on tho sun; the moousof Jupiter; aod the rings ot Saturn; the oinulnr vallhjtiou the moon, in which you cm see peaks many hundred toet high, a most beautiful sight. Mr. May takes delight iu showing any ono the planets, or a iv thing that will be instructive, tbrougu his ttjlescopo. He his made philosophy it study for many yearn, hi.i1 he can interest ihe moi't IhoiightlC'S Wu think, Mr. Kdltor, that it Mr. May would );lv us his process of making lenvis that it would Mlmiilatocotne of ouryoiiutc hoys to try their hands, What no want to hum, first, id to get the right circle double Ji.n, (.no convex, thuotbtr plano'convex Now to get thbH to fit to a nicely Is tbe great buciet of lens making. II. 15. M. Clackamab ounty , Oregon, Tho Pendleton Orgeuniun nay?: "times in Umatillu county nro begin intf to liven up. Thh iri owing mainly to' the great number of cattlo that sire being bought in thi.s country uud driven to tho railroad and other poititH cant of here. Adam and Reynold left here u few diiyHHgo en rout to Wyoming with about two thousand head. Mhied ly and Lang have purcluuted about four tnou.sanu iiemi, aim win in a lew uayu start for Cheyenne. These cattle have cost the parties about fifteen dollars a head; six thousand head at $15 per head will make $!o",000. Quito a snug little sum to leave in this county." 1876. For tho Willamette Farmcr.l 0RCHAHES-N0. 5. Another article on orchards will make tho round complete, as we have gone through all manipulations till wo come to CULTIVATION and the enemy of orchards. In grow ing plants we have two objects in view, ono to make tho plant grow, another to make it bear either blossoms, ns for tho green house, or fruit as for theorchard. If then, wo ineroly want the trees to grow for the first four or five years or so, we cultivate the ground nil we can; when the trec-s are large enough to bear good crops, we check their growth by turning tho orchaid to grass: that is clover. When this has made iv good growth, don't cut it down or pasture it, but just let it alone, it will ;Ho down and grow up through it ogain. and thus make a bed of manure, in four or five years, rich in the elements that make fruit and healthy trees. After this time, turn it under and cultivate for one or two years and then let it grow up again; there will be plenty of seed in tho ground. Where ready land is plenty, tho temptation to iue the lus cious clover ouglit to be overcome easily. This Is tho nephis ultra for or chard culture. Let me add, give tho land entirely to tho trees, if set sixteen ,or twenty feet. If potatoes tire plant ed, tho only crop admitted in an or chard, they take much substance from the grotind that goes to make tho fruit. Deep plowing is not advisable. All wejjranHs araellow sujfaee fr,eeof weeds. By tho treatmont narried wo como in possession of a thrifty orchard; but wo must not lie on our oars; we must watch as well as work, for tho ENKMY is in our land, and, If we will overcome him, we must not give him n firm lodging, but check his advance. I re fer hero to the bark louse, which if not mot by firm purpose and diligent work, will blast our hopes. Six or sev en years ago I first saWthis pest on ap ples trees, covered so as to leave no spot free. They stood in tlu south part of Portland. Not knowing the full extent of their power for mischief, not much was said about it, but wo kept a sharp look-out, and about three or four years ago, they were first dis covered in the orchard at Milwaukee, nnd now they havo spread fttr and wMc. I cut n crab apple stalk growing in tho middle of the rond n quarter of a mile away from any apple tree, and it was coated with thU destruction. What can be done to destroy tho pest? Hero Is an experiment tried by Mr. J. II. Lambert, of Milwaukee, aud with good success. Ho also observed that many of the shells are empty before tho time of coining out, indicating thnt a certain little Insect, a great enemy to the lark louse is at work to help us, and this is the ii:mi:dv. Take half n bushel of unslaked lime to one Iwrrel of water, and a half of a gallon of salt, ritir it well and often. Use a whitewash brush, and nut on nil the limb-, you can reach, and on the hotly of the tree. Put this tin now, or as soon as the insect begins to crawl, a small white speck. Kcnow thfc wush every day us the sottlings are not gootl. Wherever t cached, it has freetl the tree. H. Mim.ur. A letter from Lake county to the I'luindealer says. "A considerable amount of stock lias perished during the winter, not, however, from tho want of feed, as there was a vast amount of hay put up last year, and tho winter before being light, many rtockmon had old hay ou liana. Cattle died whon they were fat enough for beef, aud they must have died trom other causes than poverty or exposure; It was sup-pos-ed to be some disease. Sheep also suffered a bail or worse. Tliciu was supposed to ho nbout twenty poreent. of cattle of this county died during tho winter." Volume VIII. Number 15. Answer to A. D. 0. Mr. EniTon: In looking over the last issue Of the WlMiAMKTTliFAltMKU- I find n question for solution. Tho au thor calls in question tho truth of tho expression " Whereas, it has pleased" God, in his all-wise providonee, to ro movo from our midst," Ac. In answer to tho question, I will state that I be lievo the expression to be coreect. I lo not say that it is, for wo should be careful in deciding so important a question. I think tho author's troublo is all embodied in tho word " death ." " As I live, sailh the Lord, I havo no pleasure in tho death of any." The term death docs not mean temporal death, but has refcrenco to spiritual death. Again: tho word ploasuro, in my mind, is used in an accommodated sense in the quotation. For example.' our country has n law providing for tho safety of tho people. It has fre quently happened in tho history of our State, that certain individuals havo disobeyed tho laws, have trampled them untie'- their feet, nnd, ns a matter of course, they havo been arraigned beforo the bar of justico to answer for their misdemennor. They havo been convicted, and the Judges, of the courts have, in obedienco to justico, placed upon them whatever degree of punish ment seemed right to thorn. Now, wt? know that ifan individual should com. mit a criminal deed, and after having had his trial, the jury should bring in a verdict of guilty of murder in tho first degree, It would not ,in one' senso bo an act of pleasuro to him to know ' that he hnd acted In Accordance with the .requirements of law, aud thnt ho had received Jhe general approbation oftljn nepple. fcjp Goth the Knlor of tho 'Universe, has ajuv,7fnd,nf course, there , is connected with itm, penalty; and whenever one of his creatures dfs-' obeys his law, he is tileastn) in accord unco with Justico to' inflict puulshmdnt. J. A. P. Junction City, Oregon. S. li. C'utterliii, who has just arrived from Tillamook, briiiKS some rather- startling intelligence, the death-bod confession of one (Jhas. Uati,'Who tlied on his 'ranch, nbout twu miles below the toll-gatoon the Tr.tsk river ro.id, in that county, ou tho IL'th Inst. To his partner, who, with him, was keep ing bachelor hall on the place, he con fessed to tho minder of several parties. as well as to being an accomplice in as many robiiorlos. lie ueknowlodi'es killing n man, wifo and child on the plains several years ago, and also to having a hand in tho Howard murder, in Tillamook, a tew years since. At his request, tho hearthstone of the flre- nlaco was removed and a lartre bunch of keys destroyed. A valuable breech - loading rillo was exltuinou lroui Ins garden plot, by his direction, which lie desired thrown into tho rivor. He says himself and two confederates robbed the overland stage near Yreka, a fow years since, securing some $21, 000, nis third of which lies buried some where near that locality, the exact spot bolng described to his pro-ont partner. He also travc minute directions where a lot of valuablo goods were secreted on a mountain near his house, suppos ed to bo tho contents of Hutcho's store, wnicn was nneti a lew mpntiii since. He has always been a suspicious char acter, ami during his few yeats' resi dence there has been cLsely wa'ched, but no evidence could be established against him. Ills story Is credited by his neighbors, and his death Is a relief to tho peaceably-Inclined citizens of that county. More developments are promised us in a few days. Tho Aslorlnn says: In tho face of it general complaint of scarcity of salmon thus far tho present season, we havo" the consoling reflection that a greater number of cases packed, have been shipped, up to this ditto, than for aeor respondlng porlod of tlmo last year. There is tills dliferonce, howover, rela tive to tho packing: Last year but a iKirtlon of the established factories on the rivor were operating so early, this season all are actively employed, with tho addition of four new large estab lishments, and the remainder with in creased facilities, aggregating a capaci ty much in excess U former domunds, which does not lessen tho catch by any means, hut, on the other hand greatly increased. 1 lfjA,.,vV -M