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About The Coos Bay times. (Marshfield, Or.) 1906-1957 | View Entire Issue (May 8, 1915)
mmmmmmmmm HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION i Raising Poultry in America Making It a Profitable Busin -? Pome, o( the common rlilclc trouble wlilrh caime henvjr Iom to ponltrjnien each Maiion, together with method of ronlrolllmr. them, are dlMtiued by l'ro. fennor Htonrlmni In the following nttlcle. Ktery proilucer of engit and eery con turner of esK murt he Interested In any llan whereby the fine, cheap e:ic of Spring may be Ineipentltrly carried over for ue during the 1'nll and Winter, when egg' nre orarce and price rule hlh. The mn't oatMnctory plan li glen In detail. I . -.4 MY PROP. FREDERIC II. STONEDURN POULTRYMEN' arc now most Inter ested In successfully growing their flocks of chicks and other duties are subordinated to this vital one. Failure to carry a reasonable number of young sters to maturity simply means that llt tlo or no profit can he mado from thu season's operations. Prom tho number of letters which reach my desk, containing requests for Information regarding certain chick dis eases, It is evident that many of our readers aro experiencing tho usual amount of trouble this season. It seems best, therefore, to briefly discuss at this time the best means of overcoming cer tain of tho more common ailments. Leg weakness Many Individual chicks, and frequently wholo broods, "go off their feet;" being unable to stand, and hobbling around on their hock Joints. This Is most commonly found In brooder chicks, and whllo it Is not a disease, It causes n great amount of trouble and considerable loss. Chicks so affected seem to lack tho strength to carry their weight, and their development will be ar rested unless the condition Is corrected. Avoid Too High Temperature. Continuous overheating in tho brooder may bring on tho trouble. In such cases tho cause should bo removed and the birds hardened to lower temperature, which will assist In restoring strength and vigor. Confinement for long periods In bone dry pons will frequently cnuso tho shanks and feet to dry up nud weaken. Get tho Mock out on moist ground or provide damp earth or sand In which to scratch. The most fcitllo source of troublo lies In tho feeding ration which Is lacking In somo of tho essentlnl elements needed to promote oven development. Overfeed ing of fat-producing foods, as corn, causes rapid gains In weight, but bono Is lacking. If this Ib tho cause, feed plenty of green food, oats, wheat and brnn, reducing tho amount of corn accordingly. Supply ani mal food, ns milk, beef scrap or fish scrap. Add bonemcal to tho mash or supply gran ulated bono In hoppers. Gapes Tho distressing symptoms of this dlseaso arc constant gaping, cough ing, sneezing and apparent suffocation. The cnuso Is n Y-shaped worm, about n halt Inch In length, which Is locuted In the wlndplpo of tho sufferer. Many strong chicks will throw off tho troublo unassisted, but where hocks aio affected tho mortality Is high. Tho best preventive measure Is to grow tho chicks on fresh ground whero tho gupo worm Is not present. In certain stnges of development this parslto is found In earth worms, and when tho chicks cat tho latter tho troublo appears. Chicks may also pick up tho gapo worms which havo been expelled by afflicted chicks. This Indicates tho necessity of keeping feed and water dishes in strictly .anltury condition nud preventing tho food and water supply from becomlug contaminated. Frequent and thorough cultivation of the ynuls Is also lecom mended. Tho worms may ho drawn from tho throats of tho sufferers by uso of gupo worm extractors or loops of horse hnlr. In nil cases tho affected Individuals Miould bo removed from tho rest of tho flock and kept In scpnrato quarters In oidcr to check tho spread of tho dlseaso. White diarrhea Much has been said about this scourge of baby chicks, which, unfortunately, bears tho nnmo of a slnglo symptom which Is commonly observed In many other disorders. Poultrymen too often jump nt tho conclusion that truo whlto diarrhea is present In their flocks becuuso they ohservo tho whitish dis charge, whllo as n matter of fact tho troublo U something entirely different. Miiclllnry White liliirrhrn. The contagious form of this dlsoatP, the tmo white dlnnhea which sweeps through tho season's crop of chicks and lausos extremely high mortality, Is duo tho activities of n specific kind of tmctorla. lor this reason tho tioublo is commonly called "bnclllary white dlar jiioa. ond tho organism struggles under the nnmo "bacterium pullorum." nils disease usually appears when tho m,in 1 vor 0,I,1K floe- Ha work ?h 111. n? V" .f,,,,r, ww,t- 'r,l fel fwthJi. STaik "'"., ,,n'l. vo ruffled . i ml ,,r""l'lg wings, eat but lit- LiA. idw.r.B? ,IUU'U " material hl eh In MlcUy or glairy In character rr;m,r.f" wwmluutlon levels liven testlncs which are light or palo In color and usually nearly empty. Tho sourco of Infection is tho ovary of tho mother hen. Infected hens produco Infected eggs. Tho latter hatch Infected chicks, and theso spread tho dlseaso through their droppings. Tho surviving pullets harbor tho organism, which lo cates In tho ovary, and the dlseaso Is thus perpetuated from year to year. Prevention seems to bo bettor thnn at tempted cure. Use nono but clean breed era from flocks whero tho dlseaso has not appeared. Keep tho Incubator dark at hatching time, so tho normal chicks cannot pick up infected droppings. Pro tect feed nnd water dishes during tho first week so their contents cannot ho contaminated. Remove nil chicks which show symptoms of tho disease, and, If any reach market mnturlty, dress and sell them so they cannot by any chance provo a fertile source of troublo another season. Sour Milk mi i:ccllent Food. (Jlvo sour milk freely from the first feed until tho chicks are at least a month of ago. Sour-milk feeding Is most de sirable. Tho lactic acid does much .to ward keeping tho troublesome organism In check and tho milk has a marked ef fect upon growth and vigor. It Is ono of tho best feeds for chicks, sick or well. I would llko to again drlvo homo tho thought that uniform success in tho rear ing of consldornblo numbers of chicks, especially in largo flocks nnd under In tcnslvo conditions, depends In great moas uro upon cleanliness and thevmaintenunco of strictly hygienic surroundings. So many diseases aro fostered nnd intensified by filth that no ono can afford to permit these unfavorable conditions to exist. There Is comparatively llttlo expense- In volved In keeping everything right, par ticularly If tho work Is carefully planned and systematically performed. Present Kggs Now. All over the country tho hens aro now doing their heaviest laying. All factors aro conduclvo to egg production, and tho neglected farm flocks, ns well as tho pampered pets of tho fanciers, aro visiting tho nests with commendnblo regularity. This egg flood will coutluuo for n few weeks, then production will gradually decrease as tho hot weather comes on, reaching tho low level when tho old stock goes Into molt and before tho early hatched pullets get down to work. Year after year this fluctuation Is ob served. Maximum production in tho Spring, minimum prductlon during tho lato Pall and early Winter. And egg quo tations, changing In obedience to tho law of supply and demand, always rulo low during tho Spring months nnd reach tho highest point in early Winter. Prior to tho perfection of cold-storago methods Spring prices of eggs Invariably went to a ruinously low flguro, becauso tho output exceeded consumption nnd thoro was no satisfactory method of car rying tho surplus over until needed. I havo personally sold great quantities of lino fresh eggs as low ns 0 nnd 10 cents a dozen right In Now York State And poultrymen In tho Mid-West could not do as well ns that. Director Qulsenborry, of tho Missouri Stnto Poultry Experi ment Station, onco snld to mo Hint ho had offered Spring eggs In his market town at prices ns low na 5 cents por dozen without ilndlng buyers. Hut tho groat demand for.prlmo stock for storage uso has changed all this. Spring quotations nro now usually dou bio thoso which mnlntnlned In tho "good old days"; and this has certainly boon n powerful factor In tho betterment of tho poultry Industry. It Is qulto possible that Winter prices for strictly fresh eggs would bo somowhnt higher If thoro wbb no storngo stock on tho mnrkot. Hut tho business poultrymnn may nccopt this sit uation philosophically, since ho has so ninny moro dozenB to soil In tho Spring nnd tho loss of Winter Incomo Is moro than mado good by tho Increaso In Spring prices. Storage Kggs Generally Good. The fnstldlous consumer frequently re gards storage eggs with contempt, but If he buys his Winter supply on tho open market ho Is qulto sure to uso somo eggs of this kind, and will, unless decidedly expert, consider them most BatlBfnctory. As a commercial proposition, tho cold storago method of holding eggs for sev eral months is nil right. Hut tho Indi vidual consumer cannot ttdopt this plan becauso of many obvious reasons. How ever, It Is posstblo to successfully prcsorvo eggs at homo nt low cost and with llttlo trouble. Fresh eggs treated aB tloscrlbod below will rotaln their flavor nnd nppcar nnco for many months, and will bo found excellent for household purposes, cither for cooking or tnblo uso. This plan Is generally recommonded by tho various agricultural Institutions, nnd I ran per sonally certify that It gives excellent re sults, slnco I havo followed It for years In my own homo. Tho preservative is merely n solution of wntcr glass, a syrupy liquid which tho chemists call sodium silicate. This mate rial can usually bo secured at drugstores and poultry supply houses In any dcslrod quantity. Thoro Is no standard price. I havo known It to sell occasionally as low as 80 cents por gallon and as high ns $2 per gallon. Hut oven nt tho latter flguro It may bo profitably used becnusa of tho saving ono may mnko on thu family egg bill. When purchasing water glnss In tho liquid form ono should bo certain that It Is of tho proper grade, ns certain grades aro too alkallno to glvo best results. AIbo, that It Is in tho right condition, as It de teriorates unless carefully stored; and ess under such conditions tho r"iiu lution may not bo entirely eftteff1 Tho Egg Proving soluo,; I ho preserving Eolutlon la made b,. Ing ono part, by measure, ol 2.11, glass to nlno parts of boned H' ring v gorously to Insure nnlf o "t ",' tho mixture. There , nothing fi,J somo or complex about this , r T ono can do It. A" Select tho eggs Uth care. Use r. but fresh stock, clean and ej she Is. Errr of doubtful quality ! be Improved by tho preservative " Placo tho eggs in clean receptacles suitable size and pour tin solution thorn, covering the top layer to i VIS of two or three Inches. ' Co rft nnd set In a reasonably cool place S needed. Examine occasionally to be iri Uint tho liquid has not evaporated u loft some of the eggs exposed totkeii Add moro of tho solution If necessary Or, If preferred, the solution mi, t, plnccd In the container and He Ka added nt Intervals as secured. The Utter plan Is best for poultry leeperg tto gnther eggs dally and for consumeri rio prefer to buy a few dozen at a time. Tho money sinlng whleh may betcilt tlirniltrli thn nilmillnn nf iM. .i.i. .i. Is easily estimated. During the Spriti fine, big eggs can bo purchased it Hit 21 cents per dozen, prices varylngladif. forcnt sections. During tho Winter eg prices rnngo from 40 to 60 ceili pa dozen, nu Increase of 20 to 30 cecUptr dozen. Therefore, on each cjm of II dozens, preserved at a cost of a fer cccu, tho provident egg user rnakesasiTlifit $G to P. Test the scheme this season, If otljlii ; small way. A nnir gallon or wit'rjM of tho right quality Is sufficient to ft servo 30 dozen eggs. Hcforo boiling eggs which bite tai thus p resolved pilck a few pin ho'etlt tho largo end of the shells. Other! thoy will burst, since the preiemtfo llgiuiy KcniH up uiu mien I'uu-f. Copjrlrlil, llUS. I'S' Maloi.Jleii Mr i HI Illlth Co! of rigkllnc. Four Fuper-flrcailnouKht, Balling o'er the e, AIoiik cinne h futrnnrlne Thm tlitro were three. Threo iiipir-dreadnouKhti, Spick nnd fpan anil tir, Ono rliut from n torpeda Thcn theie were two. Two rupfr-ilreiiJnouKliti, Coet twi million bonef, Struck wralnut a flcatlnr w.'r (Jono to Davy Jonct Fifty million -lollart wnk . .... .1...... J..n ma 111 UIU ril, ivi. - Whllo th llttlo ubmrln runs on m nr . . . UmUvllle Evenltf .- I nt WHITE COCHIN liANTAMS. - KllS &&XMLW$Mimmwm'&?& -"J? s2i 'sz- ,M . . . .V.nlll crl'i . .. . , inr and newt "", i! the Niza Kii.. i ,:, i .'. . . ..' . "'. l,1H ucr "rccdB, navintr me amo type unci i'iurouh -7, , - u the ""' u m uie Hie. rtuo la iuom I ninortunt. t!i iimilmwv hin.. ,., ..t ,.,...... ..i,.i.. .w..i,i..'i.i , nnwer Klllu- '." There u...i :SW' '."l J!h "',"'. .'"5 ".-.'""'y. fwarit coiipSKuvViy 55? is Vt&mi iK "desiFed i.iii' "srwr .tv him1 Kli,.!'i,-u!,Mni? i,.,,,.l'",.l!r0.c?.I,1? or. Ul Iff'-Bcr lirocds. havlntr the. amo l.'1'KH lileiiHiiro und fid on n f i"n ',? V, ,V can. b0 nlntlnefl 'on a ai.rp IsliiKly amall area of land, housed In rnP ""montr . "J.,, t Swarf klmlB of f. Vf lh,t,.B,a, n ,r!-"'l,";!l to nui'I'ort, tiio Hamo numhop of vlilclcens of ordinal t, TH 'J, t lis: and attructlvo 1 i 'h". Uoehln Hontnm utanda first In point of popularity am Vho mt tr 0' ,W i bi t at present adult inttifi1 wV.i.VS. tl,e oxnct rounte"lar of tlm modslvo Cochln. snvo In II c "nt W" JjSt , rTin. iVrn.i.H.'i 1? 1 WelK'i Hut 30 ounces; eoolcorels. 26 ouiKex: Iivnu. 26 ounces; nuIlelH. " 9" ' ,, In Chl"i;,,Vrtjtrf' I way8 fl uiVknQwndionuHUlS.,d !"! r,'M"c,rlca l"roUKh wlnB th'a Hlio of tho lurso fowU They orl '?f tb g.J t The orlclna InoJtatrniwnl'fV.110!!" were taken from Cltiim to Knglamt shortly ufKT J.f.o them. WliWjffRti', t Kenerally retrar !f.d ua l!J.in.anti0em 1 ?k.'?' uml for " ,on'' "lno 'ho "nmo 1'ekn Uanlama tcJ51,,?,,lity W- Jwltf" t flurprlaliitly cood ini?.rnn,P,?i8i.forcl',,Uro!' or a l,ohhY 'r fanciers, the little Cochins 'ave irul '" an "" j brttdi""' ou'' ro- ". 'J,'"y ' -so nuch 1)rlltJ "" -,-,. ., (Ut.UhtU W, rod( j,, JU ;: timim m