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About The Coos Bay times. (Marshfield, Or.) 1906-1957 | View Entire Issue (May 1, 1915)
-T HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SJECTION s The Agricultural College Is a Valuable FriencTtolhT nullclius nnd News Notes From the Stuff at Pullman. UC T(j " A OB fiHlfwnMBiai firr- fffyptrw"-" ""Xffi , - VIKW r WASIIIMiTON ACJIUOUl.TUItAI. COM.KOIJ AT riJM.MAN, WASH. ITS SUI.Ii AMI A I II tute i'" , Cause and Remedy for Hens Laying Soft-Shelled Etfgs THE frequent laying of Boft-shcllcd eggs occasions a considerable market loss In the Spring of tho year. Mrs.( Whltnkor, of tho poultry department of' tho Stnto Collego of Washington, offers tho follow ing eNplaiiatlon of tho causes and the remedies: Tho yolk of tho egg Is fully formed when It breaks from tho hen's ovary and drops Into tho funnel shaped mouth of tho oviduct. It Is at this point that fer tilization of tho egg takes place, prob ably within a few minutes of the break ing looso of tho yolk, and In about thrco hours' tlmo tho formation of tho thicker albumen is completed. Tho next section of tho oviduct se cretes tho shell membrano which ordina rily requires about thrco hours. Hy tho expansion and contraction of tho walls of tho oviduct, tho egg Is forced forward Into tho shell gland, whoro tho llmo of tho egg Is deposited, and within 12 to 24 hours tho egg Is laid. Ono can readily seo that anything that would lmvo a tend ency to mako tho egg pass too rapidly through tho lower two-third of tho ovi duct would causo tho hen to lay soft shelled eggs. Tho first "and usual causo of soft-shelled eggs Is that tho bird Is too fat. Tho mus cular movement of tho oviduct Is hind ered by layers of fat, and Instead of tho egg being controlled by firm muscles It merely slips through a flabby mass with out getting Its shell on. Tho difficulty will vanish If tho birds nro mndo to scratch hard In a clean, dry Htraw litter for all their grain, and tho ration fed Is not ovcr-fattonlng. Sprouted oats will bo a valuablo food, as they aro less fattening than either wheat or corn. In somo cases it might bo advlsablo for a fow days to omit all maBhcs, especially moist mashes, from tho ration. The second sourco of soft-shelled eggs is lack of llmo In tho hen's ration. In this raso tho shell-secreting part of tho ovi duct falls to do Its work becauso of lack , of material. Clam shell Is not so readily soluble as oyster shell. What Is commercially known as beach shell Is prcfcrablo to clam sholl. It is claimed by somo poultrymcn that tho use of a limestone grit also helps to sup ply shell material to tho hen. It Is often recommended that old plaster bo brokon up nnd thrown In a box In tho pon for birds to pick at as a sourco of llmo. Tho third cause of soft-shelled eggs Is tho forcing of lions for too frequent egg production. A second yolk breaks off Trom tho ovary and drops Into tho funnel of tho oviduct, and tho first ono Is forced too rapidly on Its way for it to bo com pletely formed when laid. Tho fourth causo of soft-shollcd eggs comes from scouring, that Is, from feed ing a too loosening ration to your birds. Dentil or mangels will somotlmcs produco this result. Tho droppings, normally, fihould bo a dark slato or dull black color, firm enough to maintain a spiral shape as been on tho dropping boards. The Honest Merchant. "No," said tho old gcntlomnn sternly, "I will not do It. Never hnvo I sold any thing by fnlso representations ami I will not begin now." For a moment ho was silent and tho clork who stood beforo lilm could seo Uiat tho better naturo of his employer was fighting strongly for tho right. "No," said tho old man again, "I will not do It. It Is an Inferior grado of hIioo nnd I will never pass It oft as any thing better. Mark It A Shoo Fit for n Queen' and put in In tho window. A (iueen docs not lmvo to do much walking." A pace of Intrrrtllng limit from tlie Orrcou Atrkiilturul OillrRe nt Cir?ullli lll altrraatr In the farm uerkly ttlth a )iis of nut n.itr from the Vliliiitui sUte Cullntn at ltilliimn. Thlt will afford InlrrilinnKO uf lr from die tu big mtU'ulttirnl culltrstt uf Ilia Xortliurtt tlmt tliimtd iirntc uf brnrflt lu Ilia rruilrr, for tliolutlliiitluukdrAl Midi klmlUr iruuUiu. Growing Field Peas on a Wheat Farm hy cinonai: skvkranck. FIELD peas hnvo long been u standard crop among tho dnlrymcn.of Western Washington, where tho rainfall Is abun dant, but very few of tho grain farmers of Eastern Washington realize that they may bo grown successfully In tho molstcr parts of Eastern Washington and North ern Idaho, or know their real value. Tho numerous trials with field peas on tho Experiment Station Farm at Pullman hnvo Bcemed to Justify their very general Introduction on tho molstcr soils of tho wheat belt. There arc several reasons for intro ducing this crop. Nearly all tho older whea't soils of Washington are becoming moio or less depleted in nitrogen. This depletion is strikingly shown by tho ranker growth and darker color of grain wherever manure has been dropped or where an old fenco has been broken up. Like alfalfa and clover, peas add nitro gen to tho soil through tho action of cer tain bacteria storing tho frco nitrogen of tho ajr in nodules on tho roots of tho peas. Upou tho decay of tho roots this stored nitrogen comes Into avnllnblo form for succeeding crops. Peas have the advan tage over clover and alfalfa, as a soli renovating crop in wheat farming In that they may bo grown during tho year of rest from wheat, while clover or alfalfa must occupy tho laud two or three years if grown profitably. They nro inferior to clover and alfalfa ns a humus producing crop, whoro tho tops nro removed, for tho root system of pens Is not 'nearly so ex tensive as of clover or alfalfn and will add little If any more humus to tho soil than is broken down in tho soil during their growth. (Jhlug Stability. That tho more general Introduction of dairying Into our system of ngrlculturo would glvo stability by distributing our rsks, helping to maintain our soil In ft high stnto of fertility, and developing a mbro Intensive system of agriculture, Is generally recognized; but ono of tho great est drawbacks on most wiveat farms Is tho shortago of feed during July, August and September, even though alfalfa is grown for pasture. Peas aro unsurpassed us a soiling food for cows and will supply this noed from about July first to tho mlddlo or latter part of August, after which corn that may bo grown on othcrwiso Idle sum merfallow, will supply extra feed tho bal anco of the dry period. Peas grown with oats will produco . heavy yields of hay, rich In protein and much superior to wheat or oat hay for cattle, sheep or colts. Peas resemble nl falfa and clover In feeding quality, but offer tho ndvantngo of producing a full crop of hay In about threo months from seeding, while tho land must bo set nnldo two years for n full crop of clover or alfalfa. Swlno production offers exceptional re muneration to the extent thnt hogs may bo used to pick up tho waste of our grain fields, but with no other provision for Summer feed, Spring litters will not at tain satisfactory bIzo during ono season. If alfalfa pasturo Is used to start them on, it becomes pretty dry long hoforo tho grain fields nro ready to turn Into. A patch of peas will tldo over this period and keep tho pigs growing rapidly. With a field of corn to turn into for finishing In tho Fall they will go onto tho market in excellent condition. With land values In many cases ranging from $75 to $100 per acre, It becomes in creasingly Important thnt wo discover somo crops that will cnnblo us to keep tho land producing nil tho time. Pens may bo grown on tho better parts of tho sunimerfnllow, thus nlding In tho moro complcto utilization of capital Invested. Pointers on Growing, i. Field peas will produco profltnblo crops of hay or seed on good nverago land, in tho molster part of our wheat belt. 2. Peas aro annunls and may tako tho plnco of tho Buuimerfullow whero thero Ib a fair rainfall. 3. Peas aro nitrogen gathorOrs, henco will increase tho nitrogen content of tho soil, but will not tncicuM tho humus of tho soil Hko clover or alfalfa becauso tho root growth In too scant. 4. Peas will aid in keeping moro live stock by furnishing green feed for soiling during July and August or grain to bo hogged off, or high-class hay for Winter feed. G, To preparo for peas plow deep In tho Fall, lcavo rough over Winter, pre paro deep, mellow seed bed ns soon as Spring opens. C. For seed sow as early na ground can bo prepared, about two bushels per aero with grain drill, seeding three to five Inches deep. 7. If seed Is not desired sow ono bushol ontB per aero among tho peas ono weok later, seeding shnllow to avoid digging up the peas. 8. Begin using pens for soiling (groon forngo) when first podB aro full grown. 9. Begin pasturing off with hogs when peas nro nearly all well" formed. 10. Cut for hay when tho oats nro In (ho Btlff dough nnd first pea pods nro turning yellow, euro and hnudto llko clover. 11. Cut for seed when tho built of tho pens aro hard. 12. A good crop of pens nnd oats on good land, well prepared, will yield ono and one-half to two and one-half tons of cured hay per aero. A good crop of socd will yield 15 to 30 bushels per acre. 13. Peas leave tho soil in nice condition to preparo for wheat without plowing. Distillation Experiment in Douglas Fir Is Regim THE District Forester nt Portland, Or., announces that the forest sorvlco has Jimt begun, nt their scmi-conuncrclnl dis tillation plnnt nt tho University of Wash ington, Seattle, an exhaustive series of experiments In nn endeavor To settle, for all tlmo, tho feasibility of distilling, not only Douglas fir sawmill wasto, but also Douglas fir stumps. For many yenra It has been advocated, In tho DouglnB fir region, that tho cost of land clearing could bo reduced by utiliz ing stumps through a process of distilla tion, and that an additional revenue could bo obtulned by disposing of mill wasto also by distillation. In splto of tho fact that tho experimental work thus far douo hns Indicated but llttlo or no margin for profit, thero la Mill a somewhat general fooling that bucIi distillation could bo mado to pay under tho right conditions. Tho forest servico proposes to experi ment not only with Douglas fir mill wasto and stumps, but nlso with Western yellow pine. Preliminary experiments on tho lnt tor lndlcato that tho stumps nnd waato of this Bpccles contain a higher perccntago of valuablo pioducta than DouglaB fir. Tho Origin of Onyx. When waters charged with , carhonato of calcium derived front llmestono aro allowed to evnporato they deposit their load in tho form of sinter or tufa. This process can bo observed nt many thermal aud "petrifying" springs and nlso In tho formation of stalactites and stalagmites in limestone caverns. In this way largo masses of compact carhonato arc formed, somo of them of great beauty. Tho so-called "onyx mnrbles," of which tho Mexican "onyx" is a familiar example nro formed In this way. Somo rock of this class is stnlngmltlc, in caverns, and sonio of it Is formed by springs. Its variations lu color and texture, to which its ornnmental chnracter Is largely duo, aro commonly produced by impurities or Inclusions, such as oxide of Iron, or oven mud and clay. Pittsburg Dispatch. Didn't Like tho Sign. A Western horseman tells of a Jockey nt Windsor, ncross tho lino from Detroit, who was recently Indisposed. "If 1 don't get rid of this cold soon," said tho youngster, "Iil bo n dead ono." "Didn't you seo Dr. Splnks, as I told you?" asked tho friend. "No. Tho sign on his door said '10 to V and I wasn't going to moukey with a lone shot llko that,'.' AmiICUI,TUIl,TS EX,',i,lnlta "'s uoparlmcnt m .,vtfcl state wiio nre mi " trJ a(Ji" of u,6 i" 7"1 VI found on .toSl iS 4 cry snort period. . ""llw length of RnrJ-L01! ""n three or toXi muuiing part nf ,. " 11 elihrr MnmU . .. "If - --...uiii m in0 114, plcmcut shed. """Nti ..J'lrPoscdtMV.. " '""" uccuno a Tahiti iv. " vesications lmvo ZLU.?,M1 elation for tl,0 mum 2li proximately li.r.7 .1 Ll'H lug to tho fact ttrt tEVfSM f.n .noroorYo, a3 depreciation Is unZS'1! decay o the wood Iuth0Z"'J (. this and similar VlSl 'T".toqttttiC: nectlon with oncrat f. Zffl? fully or coinnletclT. nmu.S. !P uro spreader Is In uic at kJ year when tho field work ivSKI ing attention. While the iwTil progress it will bo found Idle tSAll nvnllablc for other wort ""e,llC5tUl In districts wlicra flcM ... I mangolds, sugar been, or Ui,?! grown, the manure spreader JJ? as a wagon In transferrin lit eJiill tho field to tho,root cellar or tlLw llln flllllialninnl !!! ...LI. .. l , to biivo considerate time, m .u tusk of unloading wllh the ild ditto?! Tho cylinder or snrcadfr h n-Trl moved from, tho end of tk i .JTJ Bultnhle' end hoard la set In eli tt.iM tor being held ,by an Iron Ui m.1 When tho load is token to lh ctf.t, & end board can bo lilted oat "WuMl the roots mny bo rolled Into the ui'i9 merciy uy iiuiiuifi on me erut )WI connects with the apron shall sjlti-Sr by hand until tho cntlrolothitUnn.il charged. It requires only a few raomcaUtofc-J liver tho load. It the farmer do M I hnvo wagons enough to note thecal readily, una aimcuuy may w c?trcw hy following tho suggestion Thick Ui been offorcd, Tho nccdlo of tho thorajcattuh unw- holm: used In nhonoarschi u i as- atlltil.i fni 4hn 1110IM nnlnf nnthifrtHM mlttcr. It produces a sotttr ui an natural tone. , THIS COUPON Filled In and mailed to ui don wt obiiato ro ? -"ivsja nsmiro you of WIlOLr.jiLl. rwen on your ntuinblnjr auppllt pipes a future. Inrlr.n.ivis LO. Twiiini Or. 1 tall It inll ni1 " ,M IVM"" bill. My Nam Aildrtu SAYE YOUR TEETH COAID IN nnd lmvo your bomb DR. A. V. KEENE IlrntUt, Alnlfkllc Ihttttl DiitlllKi .l,PBlMSUPtlUiift A.lilrmal U31 'iih1 t). .iihij iii c, mans .nijiy.w - -Avsssa for nans by . .rractlcp.1 fct' is tlvcir JonJ.rcott it; uicv , oi l"r pan"1 Rcviu'V May f(Tnt tW ' h. " furincr tat t""' ids I1 tones' "" ner. ft i", i frol rcd ll.ll 1U -" ;irv i"r. c o'V.gU l' ,n .. - nun "- .. rcUasc in !??ri.' Hcu ".Mali l Inncy i tne "::in v kSvcm ie"'l.;r to . ta e.;wi WK:XoP lK,T.nn9li tb . ' his - til : m fin'" . wr n bank9 " U ' ESS L r.ethcr uiwirfr U"" this bull tout gen' aw s " 103 to wi aO t tlmm w