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About The Coos Bay times. (Marshfield, Or.) 1906-1957 | View Entire Issue (May 1, 1915)
ws$$mm HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION Raising Poultry in America Making It a Profitably Ibt Anirrlenn poultry Industry, not Ion Mnce rrjrnnlfd M n ride line of the em ml farm, Is ropldlr becoming highly le ilnllttil. One of tlie more recent itevel linenU Is the hatching and wiling of liliy Uilil.fi. These nre now shipped In mt nnmbtrs enrh teuson, nnd the trnde In Ihent Is growing nt nil aMnnlnhlng rale. Denlers In chicks hne frequently been nicued of cruelty bj thoe who merely look uuon tho surface nnd are not Inll inntely nrqnilntnt llli Ihe true fails. Vrufessor Hloneburn takes mhnntnge of Hie opportunity to present falrl) and fully the other side of the inse. j T1V I'llOF. FltHDniUCIC H. STONnUUIlN. I1I3RI3 Is nothing now under tho sun." Is n saying which has been quoted bo often thnt It hna becomo derldetlly tho worse for wenr. Of course, It Is not taken literally In these modern tlns, but It must bo admitted thnt a very largo number of Ideas which to us seem to bo now nnd original prove- upon In vestigation to be hoary with ngo. This Is ns true In tho poultry field as elsewhere. Of lato wo havo been assum ing much credit for tho development of the open-front or frcsh-alr typo of poultry house, and tho general adoption of mora sanitary methods In caring for our flocks. But n gentleman living In China writes In an American poultry publication thnt for a long period of tlmo tho poultrymen of China havo believed In and generally used both of theso now (7) Ideas. That they havo sheltered their birds under thntch roofs attached to protected sides of their buildings, tho poultry shelters be ing open on two or threo sides. Further, that theso structures nro kept very clean, It being a common practice to removo and renew tho straw-mat floors at fre quent Intervals. Custom Hutching I'litnts. During recent years many American poultrymen havo taken up tho work of custom hatching, operating Incubators having largo egg capacity nnd selling space In tho machines to any ono who wishes to avoid tho detail work of run ning Incubators or nttendlug to sitting bens, or who prefer to pay a reasonable rhnrgo In order to socuro tho benefit of expert scrvlqe. Again, wo are a trlflo behind tho times. In both China and Egypt artificial Incu bation has been successfully practiced for many centuries, and central hatcheries liavo long been In vogue. Those of Egypt wero commented upon by Sir John Maun dovlllo In a volunio containing an account of his travels, Issued about tho year 1350. They wero referred to again by Iteaumur soino four centuries later, and frequently by modern trnvelcra and Investlgntors. Tho Egyptian Incubators aro hugo brlclt oons, really buildings, constructed of brick and earth. Tho nttendant docs his work while actually within tho Incubator. It might bo added that somo progress hn3 been mado in America with hugo batchlug looms of somowhat similar character. Tho Chlncso Incubators nro different in typo, being merely largo earthen Jars, covered with wicker work and provided with an opening In tho side, through which tho charcoal flro may bo attended to. Another Jar, slightly smaller In size, Is placed Inside Tho baskets containing tho oggs nro sc.t In tho Inner Jar. A most Interesting account of tho oper ation of tho Chlncso hntching establish ments appears In Professor F. II. King's wonderful volunio dealing with tho agri culture of China. Somo of tho moro Im portant points brought out by this dis tinguished author nro discussed bolow. Ono hatchery vlBltod Is equipped with HO Incubators, each capable of holding 1200 eggs, or n total capacity of 30,000 eggs nt ono time. In slzo this compnrcs fnvornbly with many of tho prominent American establishments. Tho machines nro operated In tho dwelling, tho front room of which serves as a shop whero eggs aro purchased and chicks sold. Tho work Is not confined to tho hatch ing or hens' eggs alone. Ducklings nnd goslings nro ulno produced In largo num bei8. Tho eggs nro not permitted to rc ninln In tho Incubators for tho entlro period of Incubation. At a certain stngo they nro removed In padded troys, which mo kept In a suitably warmed situation until tho hatch Is completed. No breeding stock Is kept by tho own fir of tho hatchery, nil eggs being pur chased, tho pilco paid being about CO cents per 300. Tho chicks are hold nt about $1.30 per 100. The Maby Chick Tuidc. Here wo encounter another Industry which has only recently tnken root In Ameilca tho selling of baby chicks. Very few people, savo thoso In Intlmnto touch with tho poultry Industry of our Nntlon, leallzn how cxtonsUo tho frndo In baby chicks Is at piesent, and how rapidly It Is gi owing, llut our selleis of chicks hnvo boniothliig to leant from thoso In China. Tho latter hao learned tho trick of dis tinguishing tho sex of tho newly hatched chicks, and they son them accordingly. Each ptirrhnser may deslgnuto Just how many pullets and how ninny cockerels laiiouiu ue iiiciiiiuu lu each order. I'ro- Inrnrn nf pcira nnltirnllv Select tllO for mor, whllo those who desire to grow tablo poultry prefer tho latter. Somo tlmo wo mny expect to havo our progressive deal ers announco that thoy nro now In posi tion to ship cither malo or female chicks, as requested, nnd such will certainly bo In position to corner tho market. When tho ploneor American baby chick dealer first offered to ship nowly hatched joungstcrs by express to dlstnnt points, ho was subjectod to an unlimited amount of public rldlculo nnd moro or less nbusoj tho former from thoso who Just know tho plan could not bo worked success fully, tho latter from tho misinformed Individuals who thought tho babies would bo cruelly treated. Chicks Snfoly Shipped. Dut tho experlcnco of many thousands of purchasers has conclusively shown that chicks may safely bo "shipped by express to distant points, nnd tho general nc ceptnnco of this fnct Is Indicated by tho establishment of largo notcning pinnis in their Incomo suffers through tho curtail- mem oi HuipiucuiB. nicroioro, (hoy aro nctuated by moro self-interest, If by no nobler sentiment, to handlo chick ship ments with utmost enro. In fact, tho ex press companies havo Issued Instructions to tholr employes to pny particular at tention to all livestock whllo on route, and theso scorn to bo very generally obeyed Thcro Is further proof thnt tho practlco Is neither cruel nor Inhuman. Ono largo shipper recently etntcd to mo that tho bnckbono of his business Is repeat orders from Ills customers. Certainly, few poul trymen would contlnuo to patronize tho snmo man year after year It tho chicks did not give satisfaction. And, obviously, If tho llttlo fellows suffered severely dur ing shipment, thoy would riot bo satisfac tory, bccauBo such n largo proportion of thorn would dlo during tho brooding period. A bnby chick cannot stand much "grief" nnd mnko good later. l'Yw Chicks Ijost in Transit. Tho low pcrcontngo of dead chicks re- Sir ?lo'inl IneniT" !wlhmcBtii,rvSritorij order to iSttwn Tl this iJ5 "WattS l,ni.i. '"u tnat i7"Wl On,, ,!-... . ""tfi'i Purchased babv'llui ! afi5wis n 1. ',"' l6 WuOlo,..TW! "iioiiiuss ull.i. " tlllHrwl .. '"VU a:.1" &f .vvm 7o lot , . chick iSM clc A could not last ii8 het to..1 Kient decree. out " tri mnn,n ho t "count H. lIn,thfT i"ii.iso them 'Wr wl persona ly, if t J. mads dltlonm rhi-V.einiiw, establishment, or largo nnicnmg iiunw c0,vctl by ,)UrchaerB also Indicates care- dltlonal chlcki iSi " 5 . "c. ?"8.?f. .l.,!.1i2 ?,U ,vB.tt '1 handling, Tho man referred to nbovo 1'esltato to nll't. nuarnntees mat eacii customer slinll rr. any onn nf - i. ."' fosr celvo ns ninny Hvo chicks ns ho pnys for, whoso stotk, mothnn D'1D1'I: ! expansion of tho business dono by thorn. Many nro now hatching and selling moro than 200,000 chicks each season, whllo thoso with nn output of 100,000 or moro nio so common thnt they excite but llttlo comment. Unfortunately, tho cruelty Idea still per sists In certain qunrlers. As lato as two cnrs ago thero was Borne tnlk nt tho nn iiunl meeting of tho American Poultry Association of Introducing a resolution condemning tho shipping of baby chicks, on the ground that the practlco is re sponsible for much unnecessary suffer ing. However, sane counsels prevailed and tho resolution was never brought up. Consider tho fncta. When newly hatched, baby chicks do not rcqulro food or water. Fow professional poultrymen supply cither for at least 48 or frequently 72 hours. A sufficient degree of heat Is domnnded, however. Tho successful op eration of mnny forms of flrcless brood ers Is sufficient proof that n brood of chicks will generate all tho heat required, provided they aro kept In a sultnblo box. Therefore, It Is plain that properly packed chicks will bo comfortable and contented for nt least two days, nnd fow, If nny, shipments nro en routo for a long er tlmo. It must bo admitted thnt tho shipments may Buffer from Improper packing nnd handling, but tho commer cial factor acts hero to correct such trou bles. The sellers of chicks must deliver the goods In flrst-clnss condition, other wise their trndo will suffer. This com pols them to uso sultnblo cases and excr ciso enro In packing. Tho transportation companies nro alwajB looking for busi ness. If they fnll to glvo careful servlco, rcplnclng tho dend ones without chnrgo, 'Ity nro well knun lWtoa and this Is tho UBtial custom. Tho loss t-'op nKiit, 116, bu?,18' 1 frnm tliln nniirrn ilnns lint nvrporl 9. imp ' fl..l,,-Miii n'J "!:n,',feMfr:. m;w youk-a ,:: "'H or Now York' ,i" ..." W rearing much Z I havo received many letters KfE ry keepers, Inquiring nbout tho 0f " ,, i,for ,l nltkcU Ihn alnclf nnn nmv nvnnnt tr. ' lllel" 111 the B nt ..l. . ." o other In ThX? turned t. !i.iirj ""il.tl'o other In thrC.. " omcr oy rrom tins sonrco uoos not exceed 2 nor cent during tho entlro Benson, nnd ono could easily bellovo that n similar loss would bo had In lnrgo nuiuDcrs of chicks transferred directly from tho Incubator to tho brooder. Of lato from poultry quality of tho stock ono may expect to recclvo from denlers In baby chicks. Such Inquiries cannot bo fnlrly niiBwcred In a single word, "good" or "poor," It de pends upon tho sourco from which tho chicks nre secured. Tho snmo Is truo of breeding stock and oggs for n rule, ono gets nbout what when ho deals with rcllablo concerns, Strong Hrccding Stock Itcqulird. But In tho bnby chick business tho ele ment of sclf-lntcrcBt compels tho produc er to puy particular attention to tho qual ity of tho breeding stock from which ho secures the eggs for hatching. Fresh eggs hnvo n definite market value, and tho coBt or a given number or clucks Ib tiotcr- nnd nlcs hut nnn i7v . e mined by tho cost of tho eggs required thrown It awny tbt" In nroiturn them. 1)1 lift tho labor chnri?n. vn... ..., n At current prices or chicks, good hatches must be the rule, or no profit can bo ob tained from tho snlo of chicks. In view of tho nbovo, tho denier is greatly Interested In hnvlng flocks of breeding birds which nro healthy, btrong nnd vigorous, ns eggs rrom such sources glvo Inrgcst hatches or strong chicks. Thcro Is another point. Tho profos- bntnlitnir. At ln ll0 to SCO that ,t,I vTJ'.l(1 it ho pays for '"l" ,P under the Cft j. ah oi the bron!? v 'cd down Into the C111 Celluloid frnm fill ' .. " umilimttl J a. Thrifty housewives havtlZ t mo and thought to t, 11 It to their families, ,omo to I notuti'j Now that tho war has bttrfmiJ. tho Impoitatlon ot chemlcsli bl.1 nmklng of celluloid S inventor and nsks ewnbodt ." tho skimmed milk. TW mod milk to make films for A, J? coat buttons, collar buttoot & and French Ivorv tnli ....'.i?11 Tho successful sklmmcd-tallk IUM a read v been r.ThlMi,t i. , ?." -i- -- ' z-..si. m vuiciro. BUFF PLYMOUTH KOCKS. pt. 1 ..i.M J. . -..OK'HHWM I -..A ! 1 -v n. v x limn i" . M ! n.v, 11Y r.u 1 .,r. ,v . i I J..MI.l9 I HIC MtAt AOV d I New hrevdH niul ntlotls nf rinuttn r.m.. n...i . inAi. 1. . ,... ..... .. . ,.. t..nA.i n, 1is. accorj. ii'if...'i?t.,,,C Hf.0.'.'if e," ""''"''"'ty 'f'ht. fanciers behind' It.' Hut tliroiiKh all the chnnKcs' the Brand old I'D mouth Kock itssdi nnr,:, V.i? '"' "".' ,ri,n fnvor'te or n countlcvii number of poultrymen who find It to bo one of tho srandeit seMril- nrnV0jcin?i,n"i,ft,.,!..I,i0- iW.BiH ono of '' pro.liiceil of tho (llHtlnctlvely American biceds, the bnircd arlety bli Jhi imm..iili ,1. n.iii . """u7 "fciieni myer or inrh'e, hiown-Hlie fit i-k-kh, ilea ralilo tablo utocic ni an uH. -": tattlUW10 OMr. I,0U'trJ"'n- .""I H was noon widely dltrlbuteU. UurliiK' moro iccent ji-ar It ha, tn 'orctd promnhfo brJcd. American brie.l ami 11 number of rorclu'n klnd, but It still holds Its pluco as one of the moit atom of df.viinnm.ni1 1? J 'J Ti'' I,0'k?' ,,,B b,lff " "' " PPr. ny 1S94 It bad reached a uKlclntlj .duKiJ ! 'ran ?ImJBrd o 11 f.n"!!.""?11" r"1,ry Aaaorlatlon In Klvlnv It offlclol recoBnltlon and a place In the Awr- I of tl.Ts vnrii. Lm.I ii "' b"J.C". .,hnt ,"rH' """ Improvement hna been made and It la not now difficult to find laree flocM I The Huff i.iv ih r"rm1"rk'"'l- "-ue to t,e and marvelouHly beautiful In color. , , ,hrml.h th ! ... .t. 11 1 A.' . ,h U"ok '" ,l rnad0 rlet of the breed, I. c.. It carries the blood of .everal other Metd. throjn i t use f which the plumatfo iolor was perfected. .Male and ""males alike nie a rich oYci buff In all aectlon. The hen; re ' Koodmaabe H?oTfmriZ?r:,l,,li'd,'K" ""? mak xc" "' "- .notherufVltock" a?e 'ard at all .... " --44-- ---"-- r.. I '?; l?wtfflll';i , rwmm Wfi fe$u J&aMf rsi fass ti?n7-V WS hi oi c;,;v YourlJ . -jfr iSsrVo" S1 &': r.rrni ifS S-' Kulo-I'. '": Ujrtdou' 271 a