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About The Coos Bay times. (Marshfield, Or.) 1906-1957 | View Entire Issue (March 20, 1915)
9mTmTTSenznTS73XS7XT! jgggLyijiiCTig555g MlBliSK.yiwiw' , ii m ii liTf rnrrrw?fw - mYhirn! njin(iTW5r,'w7"" 7w,vr, vir IIOME AND FAIM MAGAZINE SECTION Profitable Business of Poultry Raising in Ameri ca II Hundred of million of chick nre Imlrltrd In .mrrlcn rnrh jcnr by tlie nAlttml prorw of Inoubntlon Hut llirrr t no doaM t ltil million" of rss art nwllrd and olnl which uoutd hate Imtrtird had the iioullrj Kroner r.ld ruore nitration lo the rare of tlie lltlnr hens Micre In IhU line depend upon nlnc ess of llir rltlil kind, und de lmUblr limn, pin riirrful Murk upon tlie- part of (lie nttrndnnt. Or follow ing Hi Instruction isHen lieloir Hie bet of mult ran be ecured THOUGH the incubator Is being stoadly Improved and yearly Browing In popularity, tlie good old way of hatching chlclts by lien power Is still mighty popular. On most largo poultry plants, It la true, tho "wooden hen" Is depended upon almost exclusively to bring out tho annual crop of chicks, but since the greater part of our poultry products comes from the vast number of small flocks maintained on general farms and In tho back yards In towns and villages whero tho natural method of Incubation is lnrgely practiced, it is Quito evident that tho machine can not entirely supplant the mother nun. Thero Is an honest difference of opinion among poultryuieu as to tho relative value of hen-hatched and ma-rhlnc-hatched chicks. However, It will bo noticed that the advocates of tho artificial method do not claim that chicks so produced aro superior to thoso hatched under hens, but merely that they aro equally as good, and so tho owner of a flock of natur ally incubated chicks can feci sure that these are as good as could bo produced from tho eggs used. Hutching Kqulpmcut .Simple. It Is a simple matter to set one or two hens and caru for them during the period of Incubation. It is quite another matter to successfully man ago any considerable number of sit ters and satisfactory results can only bo obtained through providing tho Rlmplo equipment required to keep them uodcr control nnd carefully looking after many details of man agement. Unless this Is dono, one may expect to have many exasper ating experiences nnd submit to the loss of many valuable eggs and chicks. Hroodlncss Is a normal character istic of all domestic fowls, nnd Is mo3t common during the Spring months, tho natural breeding period of all birds. In certain breeds of poultry, as tho Leghorns, this dcslro to Incu bato has largely disappeared. Hens of tho non-sitting breeds are usually nervous nnd flighty, easily "broken up" nnd usunlly unreliable sitters. For this reason they are not to bo depended upon for this Important work. On tho other hand, tho Asiatic breeds and certain of tho American breeds nrc most persistent in their dcslro to rear a family, and thoso aro most popular among puultrymcn who uso hens to do tho hatching. At this season of tho year tho broody hen is much In evidence In every flock will bo observed individ uals which aro showing the symptoms In varying degrees. It will bo noticed Hint they remain on tho nest nttor laying and object to being disturbed. Presently they begin to cluck occa sionally and shortly they remnlu on tho nest at night. At this point the poultrymnn should tako action. If ho proposes to mnko his hens lny and let tho In cubator hntch the eggs, ho should nt onco break up the broodies so they will speedily begin egg production again. If ho proposes to set some hens, ho should select thoso wnicn promlso to bo most faithful nnd pro tect them from disturbances and break up tho fover In tho nervous In dividuals; which wouni uo trouuie miiiiu if given n clutch of eggs to hatch. This brenUng-up process Is slmplo If It Is used In time. Tho very first night tho hen remains on tho nest, instead of going to roost, is tho right time to tako euro of her. Sho should bo nt once placed In tho broody coop or yard, and In the majority of cases, hho will boon bo ready to rcsumo her duties as n part of tho laying flock. Tho broody coop may bo made on tiroly of lath or wire netting or sim ply a box with hint or netting bottom. It should be stihpondod above tho floor so plenty of air may clrculnto through It, and within sight of tho laying flook. In such quarters tho moht obfitlnato sitter will soon de mand her freedom, so sho may re join her active sisters, especially if diu receives plenty of egg-making food and but little corn. The breal-lnc-up yurd Is nnotbsr popular scheme. This is merely an Inclosuro containing Bholtcr of some kind, having roosts but no nests, and tennntcd by a number of cockerels. Wltliln n vnrv fnw ilnVB fitter beltlC iPlnced In such a yard tho broodies may bo transferred to me laying flock, completely curcd- flm nnlnnlml alMlnir limn nhntlld bo loft in their accustomed qunrtors until they hnvo ceased to lay nnu mo ue slro to sit has becomo fully estab lished. Then thoy should bo trans ferred to the nests prepared for them in soparato quarters, whero thoy will not bo disturbed. Wtinrn nnv onnnlilrtrnhln number of hens aro set, somo special building or compartment snouiu no given mi to their exclusive use. This should lm wpII vrntllntnd find reasonably dark to Insure comfort and content ment. Asldo from tho nests, but few fur nishings will bo required. Recep tacles for food and water and a dust ing place of liberal bIzo complete tho list. Tho latter should have a goodly supply of flno earth in which tho birds may wallow when liberated from their nests. Preparing tho Nests. Tho nest boxes should bo roomy. Small nests causo much discomfort to their occupants, induco restless ness, and this In turn results in much breakage of eggs. Thoy should bo so constructed that tho hen may step Into tho nest. If tho boxes aro deep and tho hens compelled to Jump down on tho eggs, mnuy of tho latter nro suro to bo broken. Each host should bo fitted with a door, which may bo closed at will, thus keeping tho occupant under con trol. Whero open nest boxes nro used and a number of hens sit In tho same room, thero Is bound to be much fighting; somo henB will remain off the nest for too long a tlmo, two hens will frequently crowd on ono nest, leaving another uncovered and unsatisfactory results aro bound to follow. . It Is unquestionably tho better plan to removo tho birds dally and permit them to feed nnd exorclso for a reasonable period, but keep them confined to tho nests tho rest of tho time. I hnvo experienced much satisfac tion from tho uso of trnpncBts for sitting hens. Tho hens may bo re leased at nny convenient tlmo and tho traps adjusted. As each sitter re turns to her nest, sho automatically locks herself in and tho others out, nnd many of tho dangers nttending tho uso of tho opon nest aro thus overcome. For nesting material nothing Is better than hay or straw cut into rea sonably short lengths. Earth mny ho used nB a foundation, nnd this should bo shaped beforo tho other material Is added. Tho nest should bo saucer shaped. If flat, somo of tho eggs may roll out from under the hen. If tho cavity is deep, tho eggs may pilo up nnd bo crushed. Attention to dctnllB of this kind pays. Tho hens should bo removed to tholr now qunrtors after dnrk, nB thoy aro less likely to object than when transferred during tho hours of dnyllght. For the first day they should bo permitted to sit upon china eggs or discarded eggs from other nests until they havo shown tholr willingness to nttend to business. Then tho valuable, eggs may bo safe ly intrusted to their care. Tho number of eggs given ench hen Is rcgulntcd by her slzo nnd tho sea son of tho year. While- cold weather lingers, nn nvcrago hen should satis factorily cover 10 to 11 egga. In ordinary Spring weather sho will caro for 13, while in tho warm season sho may bo given 15. It Is nlwayB well to set uoveral hens at tho same tlmo. When tho eggs aro tested nt tho end of tho first week it mny bo found possible to glvo all tho fcrtllo ones to a smaller number of hens, thus permitting ono or moro to bo returned to tho laying flock or reset on other eggs. Again, at hatching time, tho broods may bo doubled up and sovcral sitters re leased from further duty in connec tion with tho chicks. Feeding the Sitters. Tho sifters should bo kept upon n hard grain ration, but this must bo given In liberal qunntlty. Probably tho best plan Is to provido grain hoppers of generous slzo nnd let tho birds cat all thoy wish. Corn and wheat nrc stnplo grains. Mnsh mix tures of any kind aro to bo avoided. Green food may bo given, sparingly, but not In sufficient quantity to in duco looseness of tho bowels. Grit should also bo available, and, of course, clean, fresh water In nbun dancc. Each day as the hens nro released from their nests, the latter should bo carefully examined for crncked and soiled eggs, nnd nny troublca cor rected. Very few hens will soli their nests if they can avoid It, but whon they nro confined tho greater part of tho day, more or less troublo of this kind may bo expected. However, It Is most essential that both nesting material and eggs bo kept clean, aufl this must bo looked after dally. Tho sitting room should also bo kept in sanitary condition. Tho drop pings should bo removed ench day, never permitted to become mixed Willi iUn nni.11, .... . lniSuJVlZZM- nndm,rea'andZu5ffyi; tccted against theso posts K'r ' should bo treated t 0i niui M.n im..- ii. " ""ore belne ,.i wmo wod "lie! EffiB' several times durlnrr th pw,rtlci. t.,n,.i,nii hit""" l"o net m .; lent liainrdWKL8'. cot, and Persian Insect M " J bo doponded unon 50M ) I thoroughly. -wt tori. tfiriru Klin.it.i t. m . . It is advlsablo to test it,'. . twico boforo iinlohii,.. n-. W' and removo such as aro BtSJ contain dead germs. Those 1 trnirth,i8glvcnabeitcrt2; When tho chicks begin to Bin iv.i shells tho hens will stick" ' their nes s. 'riiix i - -...'( tlmo. and th ", ' "1 Wtla earoully watch his chrffl! i i,, ' imwnca His v., should bo removed and encoururS eat their fill, U.cn kept cS11' An n Vllln II la i, ...n. ":" tuba-herwhlch'snsTK fully attending to her duty at tit tlmo. Hut somo Individuals t I, cited whon thoy hear tho youcHtm pooping, and may do conslderU, utimuKu iiirougn irampnnc them oven picking them. Under such en. dltlona n transfer should be xuh. HlO flllllltV hpn linlnr ronlnj i. .. ' of tho quiet, motherly sort. ii mo nests nro properly comtract- I eu mo chicks may saiciy bo led till I unlet hens until tho imtMi i. ... .1 plotcd. Hut if loss Is feared tit J uuuiuh iiiuy iiu removed and tocltj away In padded baskets or boicutl kont In n warm nlncn until mr,,ji to tho brooding coops. (Coprlght, 101G, by Matos-Mtm jlir Co., Inc.) The Cnll of the Wild. I know n plnoo wlicro the fern Ii 4j, And tho Klnnt fir waves lilrh. And a rooky lcrtgo liancs dark ltd iti, Ami a luiiKiimK urooit icapjDjr, And It's Micro to bo with a soul thifi rreo From tho strrct'o discordant iir. With n blanket oprcad on a cedirtti, Ana tno voicu or mo worm inr, I know of a pool In n leafy dell That tlio wnry trout loebeit, And a timid trail to tho chapirril Whero tho red deer Ho at reiL A nlKht lilrd'a call when the ibiiiti fall And n couenr'8 eerlo cry, A nllcnco deep, and a dreamleis iltip Under tho opon nky. Leslie's Wtfklf. CAYUGA DUCKS. T""nif.fii"'Biif""'.''' j2 f -icstHM2:: jl. a.,,-. .,,.,,,),!,,.. , -V &.-.1 WTCVh fM'i ' !i )1in.VWISSHHWtkElh 'VrV'XU Uil. I ll.ltll IlTll llll II, Ml Ji ir I II If 1.UI1 m' " ' 'iil'v ,-riTjimvlM NUGAltCEt. prcdueed nearly a century aco In Cayutja County. N. V., from which the Ul that they were flmQ.rouuccd by crosslnn mallard and wild black duck. Last India duck was Intiodueeil later. Tho color Is lustrous, Erenlin-t;i birds nro very hardy, nro easy to raliB,i'V.r.T "..?'" --- 5L J'S.""""'- ..V.I. V. "wi.iiihli breed U not used on commercial duck farm,. I I ',',' ..xceilent ono foi th, ireiw who wUnei to kP small (lock of attractive water fowl and breed a fw younir Sucka for the homo tnblo or to supply a retsU rdJ: ,B? """'y nn0 'un"t- of "c thlh rl oVct ?ho dlsadvanta of a ftw dark Plnfeatheri These ducks were first takes its name. It la Bald that tho blood of the Illack teBU,J ' x andseven pound., according to W. W" black shanks. ilk