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About The east Oregonian. (Pendleton, Umatilla County, Or.) 1875-1911 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 14, 1878)
attorney general and the remedy suggested is earnestly urged for congressional action. The creation of additional circuit judges as pro posed would afford a complete remedy and would involve an expense at the present rate of salaries of not more than $G0,000 a year. THE INDIAN TKOrBLES. The annual reports of the secretary of the interior and ot the commissioner of Indian affairs, presents an elaborate account of the present condition of the Indian tribes, and of that branch of the public service which rain kters to their interests. While the conduct of the Indians generally has been orderly and their relations with their neighbors friendly and peaceful, two local disturbances have oc curred which were deplorable in their charac ter; ,but remained, happily, confined to a comparatively small number of Indians. The discontent among the Banuocks which led first to some acts of violence on the part of some members of tribes, and finally to the outbreak, appears to have been caused by an insufficiency of food on their reservation, and this insufficiency to hive bsen owxng to the inadequacy of the appropriations made by congress to the wants of the Indians at a time when the Indians were prevented from sup plying the deficiency by hunting. After an arduous pursuit by the troops of the United ttz and several enracemeuts. the hostile nnn -were reduced to subjection, and the larger part of them surrendered themselves as prisoners. In this connection I desire to call attention to the recommendation by the secretary of the interior that a sufficient fund be placed at the disposal of the executive, to be used with proper accountability, at discretion, in sndden emergencies of the Indian service. The other case of disturbance was that of a band of Jsoriircfl Cheyennes, who suddenly left their reservation in Indian Territory and marched rapidly through the States of Kansas and Ne braska in the direction of their old hunting grounds, committing murders and other crimes oa their way. From documents accompany ing the report of the secretary of the interior it appears that this disorderly band was as full? supplied with the necessaries of life as 4,700 other Indians who remained quietly on the reservation, and that the disturbance was caused by men of a reckless aud mischievous disposition among the Indians themselves. Almost the whole of this band kave surren dered to the military authorities, and it u a gratifying fact that when some had taken ref uge in the camp of the Bed Cloud Sioax, with whom they had been in friendly relations, the Sioux held them as prisoners and readily gave them up to the officers of the United States, thus giving new proof of their loyal spirit. Alarming rumors to the contraraj notwith standing, they have uniformly shown ever since the wishes they expressed at the council of September, 1577, had been complied witn Boti the secretary of the interior and the sec retary of war unite in the recommendations that provision be made by Congress for the or- ganlzation of a corps of Indian auxiliaries, to be under the control of the army and to be -used for the purpose o! keeping Inrluns on their reservations and preventing or rcpre&s-v-ving disturbances on their part. I earnestly concur in this recommendation. It is believed that the organization of such a body of Indian cavalry, receiving moderate pay from the government, would considerably weaken the restless element among the Indians 'by with drawing from it a number of young men and giving them congenial employment under the government. It being a matter of experience that the Indians in our serriae, alsaost with out cxxption, are faithful iShe performance of duties assigned to them, "Such an organiza tion wculd materially aid ike army in the xe complishment of a task for which its numer ical strength is sometimes found insufficient. Bat while the employment of a force for tie prevention or repression of Tndim troubles is of occasional necessity, and that wise prepar ations should be xnadeio that end, greater re liance must be plm on humane and civiliz ing agencies for tie nltims.tr solution of what is called THE "IXDIAX rEOKITV." It may be very difficult, and require much patient tfiort, to curb the unruly spirit of the savage Indian to the restraints of civilized life; but experience shows that it is not impossible. Many of the tribes who are now quiet ana or derly and self-supportins were once as savare as any that at present roam the plains or on -the mountains ot the tar west, ana were men considered inaccessible to civilizing influences. It mar be impossible to raise them fully up to tne level ot tne wnite popnianon ui uc umicu Sr. t. lat Klionld not force! that thev are the aborigines of the country, and railed the soil their own which on our people have crown rich, powerful and happy. W e owe it to them as a moral duty to help them in attaininz at least that decree of civilization which they may bs able to reach. It is not only our duty but it is also our interest to do so. Indians who have liecome agriculturalists or herdsmen, and feel an interest in property, will henceforth cease to be a warlike and dis- -turbine ilement. It is also a well anthenti cated lact that Indians are apt to be peaceable and aniet when their children are at school. .nH am gratified to know from expressions of Indians thetnselves, and from many concur ring reports, that there is a steadily increas ing desire even among Indians belonging to comparatively wild tribes, to have their chil dren edncated. I invite attention to the re norts of the secretary ol the interior and the commissioner of Indian affairs touching the experiment recently inaugurated in taking w Tnrtiaw children, boys and girls, lrotn diner ent tribes to the Hampton Normal Agricul total Institute in Virginia, where they are to receive an elementary English education and trainine in agricultural and other ttaetui wont. to be returned to their tribes after the com- nleted course, as interpreters, instructors and examples. It is reported that the officer charred with the selection ot those children zoight have had thousands of younglndians sent with him had it ben possible to make pro vision for them. I agree with the secretary of the interior in eavinz tnat tne result ol Wis interesting experiment, if favorable, may be destined to become an important xactor in the advancement of civilization among the Indians. THE CHANGE IX THE JSDIAX SERVICE. The question whether a change in control of the Indian sen-ice should be made was at last ssscion of Congress referred to a committee for laquiry and report. W itnout desiring to an ticipate that report I venture to express a hope that in the decision of so important a question, the views expressed above may not be lost sicbt of, and that the decision, what ever t may be will arrest tne lunncr agita- i eon oi mis suoieci. suca ouuaii ucwb. ii to produce a distcrbinz enect upon tne ser vice aa well as on tne Indians themselves. THE PBaoEaVAMOIC OT TIXBEK OX rCBUC LS.XDS. I invite the attention of congress to tbe re commendations made ar tne hecretary oi tne interior with mrard to the n reservation of tl m- .-r.n nnJilir l&nds of tbe Untied Stale. The protection of public property Is one or tbe flint dntlM of eovemmenl. Tbe Department of the Interior should therefore be enabled br suffi cient appropriations to enforce tbe laws In that respect; but this matter appears still more Im portant as a question oi puuiiccwuuai. luipw ndnetlanof onr forests Is an evil frauebt with. Ibe gravest consequences, esp'clal.yln znoun talnoos districts, where tbe rocXr slopes once denuded of their trees, will remain mi for or. The fninrr nnwi done cannot be re paired. I fully concur with the Secretary of tbe Interior In tbe opinion tnat for wis rea son legislation touching tbe public timber in the mountainous States and Territories of tbe -West should be esneclallr well considered, and that existing laws in which the destruction of lareati is not snmcieniiy guaruca sgainn should be speedily modified. A general law eonserning mi important icunieci appears 10 mo to ne waiter oi mgem puunc necessity. ACXICULTUBAX, ITEEEHTS. Prom tbe organization of tbe government. toe importance oi encouraging, vr aii possi ble means, tne Increase of our ngncultural pro ductions, has been acknowledged and ur.ed upon lta attention or congress and tbe people as tbe surest and easiest means or Increasing our substantial and endnrlrg prosperity. Tbe words of Washington are as applicable to-dar as when in bis elcblti annual raetsage be said: "It is not to be doubted, that with reference on hcrm individual or national welfare. aerl- culture Is of primary importance. In propor tion aa nations sarsoco iu uiiuw nu nihur HrrntniuncM of maturity, that truth luwauii tnnr nnnarent and reBcera tbe culti vation of the soli more and more aa object of public patronage, insulations tor praawum k grow np supported by tbe public purse, and to wbstt object can it be dedicated with greater propriety. Among tbe means which Have been emp'oyed to this end none have been ntteaded with greater seeee tsaa tbe establishment of boards oomjord of proper ehsrarlent. charred with collecting and dl uu. .mi- information. &ud enabled by premiums and small pecuntury lds. to encourage and as sist a spirit of discovery and iiiH'K'vetuent. This species of establishment l nuitributlug doubly to the lucreaM! and linpruveiuent by stimulating to enterprise aud raj rlment. and by drawing to a common center the results, evcrywhcrf.or individual skill and observji Uon.audspreadlnctbeia thenct verlhe whole l'atl'in. Experience accordingly halli shown that they are very cheap tusnum-iits of tm mense national bcneUL" Tbe great preponder ance ortbe agricultural over any olber interest in the United Ma'es entitles It lo hII the con sideration claimed for It by yhl.1cl?n: About one-half of the population of th United MUle are engaged in aericuuuie. Tbe value ol the agricultural products ot the United States for the year IcTs Is estimated at three thousand millions of d liars. Theespense of agricultural products for tha year l.as ap pears from I he report of tbe bureau of statis tics, are S&M.0WXU. The great extent of our country, with its diversity or soil ud climate enables us to produce within our borders and by ourowu labor not only th ueeesrie. but tuot of tbe luxuries, thst are consumed In civilised countries. Yet notwithstanding our advantages of soli, climate and Intercommuni cation, it pears Irom the statistical stale menu in the report of theCjromlssluner of Ag riculture that we import annually from for eign lns many millions of dollars' worth of agricultural products which could be raised in our own ccuntry. Numerous questions arise in tbe practice of advanced gricu:tur which can only be auowered by experiments, olteu cosily and sometimes fruit ei. which are be yond the means ot private Individuals, andar a Just and droper charge ot tbe whole nation. Kor the benem of the nation It is goud polley, especially, in times of depression and uncer tainty In other business pursuits, with a vast area of uncultivated and hence unproductive territory, to wl.ely open homestead settle ments stnu to encourage, in eveiy proper ana legitimate means, tbeoocupation and Ullage of tbe solL The efforts of the department of ag riculture to stimulate, and Introduce new agri cultural Industries; to Improve tbe qusitly aid Increase tbe quantity of our products; to determine tne value of old, or esiablisb ibe importance of new mode of culture, are worthy and assistance by sucn appropriations oi monev and enlargement of lad Hies as may seem to bedeniauded by the prevent favorable condition for the growth ana rapid develop ment olthls important inietsiu TUKTKKATKEifTOr AKlXALS. The abuse of animals in transit Is widely at- tnsetlnir nubile attention. A national conven tion of societies specially interested In tbe sub ject has recent iy met at Baltimore, aud tbe facts developed bo:n in regard to cruelties to animals, and tbe effect of sucb cruel tie upon the public health, now seem to demand the careful consideration of congress, and the en actment of more efficient laws for the preven tion of these abuses. rorcxsK EttrcATiex. The report of tbe Commissioner of tbe Bur eau of Kdueatlon shows a very grail lying pro gress or the country in all Interest com iu I tied lo tbe care of this important office. The re port is especial iv encouraging wun respect lo the extension ox advantages of the common school system in the sections of tbe country here tne general enjoyment cm ine privi lege is not yet attained. To education mere than to all o-ber agende are we to look as a source for advaacemenl of tbe people in tbe requisite knowledge and appreciation of their richu and rtsionslblitUes as cltlxrcs. and I desire to repeat tbe suggestion contained in my former message in behalf of tbe enact ment of appropriate measure by congress for tbe purpose of supplementing with naltoaal and local systems of educatlun In tbe sereraj Males, and foradeonate acewmmodaUenof tbe great liurary whlcn is overgrowing the caps- 1 the captlol should be provided wlihoat fur ther delay. This invaluable collection of books, mannsennta and illustrative art has grown to sucb proportion in connection wMh the copyright ysita oi ine country as to de mand tbe orouipt and careful attention ef congress to save 11 irom lclury in lis present crowded and Insufficient quarters. As this library is national In Its chsracter. ana must from the nature ot the case ieerease even more rapidly in the future than In tbe past. It cannot be doubled that the people will sanction any wise expenditure to preserve and enlarge iu useruuneaa. Tits: sxrrxtsojrta gtimii. The appeal of the agents of tbe Smithsonian institute for means to organlz. eastibH and make available for pub)te benefit b article now stored away belonging to the national museum. I heartily recommeirfl it te your consideration. Txtt district or CDt-rXBIA. Tbe attention ol congress is arm: a invited to the condition of the river fn-nt ef tbe cKy of Washington. It Is a matter ff vital impor tance to the health of the n stdenu of the national capltol. both temporary and peima nent, that tbe low lands In front tt tne dty, now subject to tidal oversow, should be re claimed. In their present condition the Cat obstruct the drainage of Ibe city, and are a danceroos source of malarial poison. The reclamation wilt Improve the navigation of tbe river by restricting and consequently deepening Its channel, and is aJao of impor tance when considered in connection with the extension ot the public ground and tbe enlargement of tbe park west and soo'h of the Washington monument. Tbe report of the board of survey heretofore ordered by act of congress on improvem nt of the bailor of Washington and ueorgeiown, is respecxruiiy commended to consideration. The report of the commissioners or tne uisinesor Columbia presents a detailed statemtnt of tbe attain of the district relative to expenunures vj toe United mate and the district tor local per poses, as contrasted, showing that tbe expen- dltuies by the people or tbe district greatly exceed those of the general government. The exhibit is made In connection with estimates for requisite repairs of detective pavements and sewers of the dty, which is work of Im mediate necessity. And In the same connec tion a plan Is presented for permanent rend ing of thaoutstanding securities of the district' Tfe nmlnt- rrtnrm and nenal lBSlitctians of tbe district are all entitled to tbe favorable needs additional buildiurs and learners, as- propria!! ins which will plaw all these lnsti- intions in a condition to become models of n.efnllness and tstnsOdenee wt.l be ierded . r.iit wtsris- hesinwed. Th mmmif sioners, with evident Justice, request attention the district In the donation of land for the support of tbe pnb:ie sthooU. I ask that the same liberality that has been shown to tbe inhabitants ot tbe various btates ZJd terri tories' of the United Btates be extended to the 111 strict of Columbia. Tbe commissioners also Invite attention to tbe damage inflicted upon public and private Interests by tbe present location of the de pot and switching tracks ot the several rail roads entering the dty, and ask for legislation looking to their removal. Tbe recommenda tions and suggestions contained In the report 1 trust will receive tbe careful consideration ol congress. Hu Sclent time has perhaps not elapsed slnre tbe reorganization of the government of tbe district under tbe recent legislation of congref for tbe expression of a confident opinion as to its successful occupation. Tbe practical results already attained are so satisfactory that tbe friends of the new government may well urge upon congress the wisdom of Its continuance with essential modification, until by actual experience its advantages and defects may be more fully ascertained. It. B. HAYKS. Executive Mamox.DecS, isrt. FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. Ken ate. VjLKnrsoT03f, Dec. 2. The Senate assembled at 12 M. Anthony and Bayard were appointed a committee to join the House committee and notify the president that Congress had as sembled. """" Bills laid on the table pending the ap pointment of committees: By Beck To provide for retiring the trade dollar and for its coinage into standard silver dollars also, to authorize the pur chase of foreign built ships by citizens ot the United States. The vice president laid before the Senate the credentials of Hon. Justin S. Morrill, elected U. S. senator from Vermont for six years, from March 4, 1679; read and placed on file. The only senators absent to-day were Bar sum, CockrelL Conkling, Gordon, Hoar, Jones of XtvadA, Kernan, Merriman, Patter son, Plumb, Sargent, Sharon, Spencer and White. By Yoorhecs A resolution instructing the committee on finance to inquire into the expediency of raaking the trade dollar a le gal tender for all debts, public and private, and for providing for its recoinage into the standard silver dollars of 413, grains. By Blaine A resolution instrrcting the judiciary committee to report to the Senate whether at the recent elections the constitu tional rights of any citizens were -violated in any State, and what further legislation is necessary to protect the citizens in tCeir con stitution rights, eU:. Recess. Upon reassembling the siessage of the president was received and read. The read ing concluded, the message was laid on the table and ordered printed. Adjourned. Hobs-c The House galleries to-day contained the customary crowd at the opening of a session of Congress. At soon Speaker Handall , tapped tho. Hoase to order, when the chap lain aade a prayer and the rail was called. The roll celled showed 229 si embers pres- Two new member. Bailey and Rogers, ttion took the ironclad oath. A committee was appointed to inform the president that Congress was in tension. After recess the prvaideut's message was received from private secretary llogers and read. A motion to refer and print tbe tnessago was ngreed to. Adjourned. Ke stale. Wasuixotox, Dec. 3. Paddock submittted a resolution instruct ing the committee on finance to inquire into tko expediency of making trade dollars a le gal tender for all debts, public and private, and providing for the suspension of coinage of the standard silver dollar of AlVt grains and recoinage of the same into UaJe dollars of 420 grains, and for such additional coin age of trade dollars, as tbe needs of the country may demand; laid over. A large number of appointments made dur ing recess were sent to the Senate, including the New York customs nominations, and Ilillhouse for assistant treasurer. Beck submitted a resolution that the sec retary of the treasury be directed to inform the Senate what amount and denomination of silver com has been received in payment of customs dacti since the beginning of the current fiscal year, and whither or not be has applied silver coin so received in whole or in part to the payment of interest on bonds or note of the United States, and if it has not been o applied, to state the reason why, and if it hasjbeen applied to that pnrpose in part only, to state what portion kx been so used and on what character of obligation. Also that he be directed to inform the Sen ate the amount of interest he has jwiid on the bonds and notes of the United States since the beginning of the current fiscal year and the amount of such interest he has paid in cold and silver coin respectively. liLdmunds I should like to have tbe sec retary show what kindoi silver coin has been used, so that we msy knew if there was sub sidiary coin paid. Thus amended the resolution was agreed to. At tbe conetosioa of the morning business Matthews called up the Texas I'arific bill. House. Senate bills were introduced for tbe re coinage of the silver trade dallar, the stand ard silver dollars, the repeal of resumption and appointment of a commission n the yeMow fever epidemic. stirs LvxxcDDcro. By Cox, ef New York, to give notice of termination ef the treaty of lsG3, with the North German Confederation. By II Arris, of Pennsylvania, to abolish the reqaireznent ef proI ef loyalty aa a condi tion to obtaining pensions for services in the war of J512. By Bainey, to punish election frauds. By Chalmerft, to jirevent cerruptlen is elections. By Durham and Price, to make the trade dollar a legal tender. By Dibrett. to make trade dallara and ether ulver coin a legal tender. By Hunter, te require the secretary ef the treasury to receive trade dollars in exchange for legal tender silver dollars. By Pert, for like parpoe and te step the further coinage ef trade dollars. All bills en this subject were, en rnetiea of Stephens, referred to the committee os coinage, ef which he is chairman. By Bentano, in relation te the expulsion frea Germany ef a nalnrahxed American citizen. Julius Bauer. By Springer, fer the termination ef the naturalization treaty with Prussia. Kessate. VasHiJE6Toy, Dec i. Saslsbury introduced a bill authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury in rede-oning U. S. legal notes, as required by special re sumption act, to pay 75 per cent, geld coin, and 25 per cent, in standard sflter dollars. Harris" resolution, regarding the preven tion of epidemics, was agreed to with amend ment. The committee may set with a simi lar committee of the IJoc.se. The motion of Matthew to take up the Texas Pacific railroad biH was rejected; yeas 19, cays 2. ea the ground that it weald lead to a locgditcusaiBtu Edmunds gave notice that next Monday be would call up the bill relating to the presidential election and counting ef vetes. Mitchell presented a petition frea mer chants of Oregon, praying for an appropria tion for a harbor of refuge at Pert Orford. Senator Booth presented a petition ef sight inspectors of customs at San Franasco prsy ing for the restoration of their pay at $3 per diem; referred te the commute en I tame ) , -kustia introduced a taU appropriating ; 000,000 fer improving th levee la , Southern States: laid on the table. vtt. i . -L. it . I toeculiTe seastea fouowed. and when doors were reopened Senate adjourned. Iloase. Schleicher offered a resolution calling en the President for a copy ot the dispatch of October 9, 1878, from the Secretary ef State to the U. S. minister in Mexico, together with other documents on the subject of com mercial relations with Mexico; adopted. Kelley offered a resolution asking the Sec retary of the Treausry for information re garding the deposit ot government money in any National, State or private bank on the 30th of September and November, 1575, nthtr than deposits by disbursing agents; adopted. Fort asked leave to offer the following res olution: liesolred. That the legal tender quality of the silver dollar of 412 grains standard shall be maintained and enforced, and that any discrimination against the said silver dollar by any national bank in refusing to receive them and treat them as legal dollars, shall be deemed a defiance of the laws of the United States, and the committee on bank ing and currency is hereby instructed to ma ture and bring in a bill for withdrawal from circulation the notes of all such banks so of fending. Several objections were made and the proposition was not received. Adjourned. Hesate. VixsnocoTox, Dec. 4. The vice president announced as a special committee on yellow fever investigation: Harris, Matthews, Lamar, Paddock, Conorer, Garland and Eustis. Morrill submitted a resolution calling upon tbe secretary of the treasurer for information as to the amount of deposit in the treasury to the credit of the Frecdman Savings and Trust Co. Cameron from the elections committee re ported a resolution to print 100 copies of the testimony in the Butlcr-Corbin case; agreed to. Ferry submitted a resolution requesting the president to transit any information re ceived concerning postal and commercial in tercourse with the South American State with recommendations for improving such intercourse; agreed to. After an executive session, the Senate ad journed till Monday. Hoose, Singleton, from the committee on appro priations reported the consular and diplo matic appropriations bill; referred to com mittee of the whole and made special order for Tuesday next. Clymer, from the same committee, re ported the xtaval appropriation bill which was referred to committee of tho whole. An investigation was ordered into charges affecting the character of members in the central committee, with a vote In regard to 3 C5 bonds of the District. A bill to terminate the Bancroft treaty with the North German confederation was referred to a sub-committee consisting of Cox of New York, Schleicher asd WlllUm. ent. Bentano nade a personal explanation re garding the statement of the Washington Post that he received 12,000 for voting to tiay iuterest on 3.CJ District of Columbia bonds. He moved for an investigation by committee; adopted. Harrison ot Illinois offered a resolution for information regarding employes apoint ed in the Chicago custom house by the pres ent collector. Garfield from the committee on rule re ported a concurrent resolution for the ap pointment of a yellow fever commission, and said that all parties were in accord that Congress had a riht to govern quarantine l emulations along the coast. Cox of New York, while favoring the reso lution hoped the committee would in no way interfere with the local quarantines. The resolution was adopted. A resolution for the appointment ot a yellow fever commisaion passed. Adlourned till Monday. The Patent Sjstcm. lien It la Ananally Having the tonnlry lluudreda of Million or Dollars. Fra lbs Cklcro Tnb-jo. The Sonnto Committee on patents, in the cinirx of its investigation prelimi nary to the rvjort of the new bill for the codification of thr jtatont lawn, has tlbtcovctal many new and imortant facts connect eil with the extension of the paUmt system in tho west 31 r. C t. C-otlin, the well-known writer, under the none de plume of Carlcton," was specially charged by gentlemen iutcr oatil in patents to make a tour of tho western country, and to dirvct his in quiries to vuiotu points, such ar, what Leacfit has accrued to an inventor from a patent; what benefit to the tubl'tr, what ruvahties have been J said fr the we of a jsstent; how much of ttuH labor oihI exjioHM an invention has cost; what it costs to introduce an in veBtion to the public; what grounds of eenplaiat there are against the present law; and what modifications of the law arc tlealmL THE OUTER CIMU.ED FLOW. He visited the entire northwest, and di&covervil the last invention in plows ia the Oliver chilled plow, of Indiana. Mr. Coffin said: "31 r. Oliver waj a manufacturer of coram a r slows. He began at South Itead in 1335. He taw that the de niaad of the farmers was for the plow that would have a to old-board of hard anish, something harder than iron, le eause iron was <not worthier in many ef the western soils. Therefore, he turned his attention to the product! l ef a chilled mokl-board. It was noth tag new; it had been attempted for twenty-five years, and every time re suited in utter failure, for this reason It was feuad that when roe attempt1! to calarge the surface of the mold -board Leyoad thirty-six superficial iachea, yo caakl aot produce a perfect piece of irea. There would be soft sfts ia it, aad cavities called "Mow holes." Those who had attempted the production of chili ed iron said that tics-! resulted from the gates in the mctils. 31 r. Oli ver came to a d liferent conclusion after a grat deal of investigation, that it was from ether causes. I will net de tail the aaont cf money he spent, or the diScultie he encountered. People called him a lunatic, and his friends de- sefted him. His shop was burned dowa aad he had no means, but he held 1 ok to the idea that there was a posaibil ity ox otstaiaiag a piece ot cnuieu iron e i :ii t : which be could use for a mold-board. He finally concluded that thee soft spots and Mow holes as ther were called, was the result of moisture in the taeuldiBg Rind, and, therefore, he in vested a chill into which he could pour hot water, and thus drive out the moist ure from the sand after the mold was made. After a great many trials he succeeded in producing mold-boards in two pieces. This was the first step. Then he dis covered that there was tome gases in the raetaU. He started upon another Iiae of invention, to bare some device coanccted with the chill, by which the gaes could eaoaJC. This was accom plished by ventilating grooves, in the ehill face. Through those two inven tions he has produced the present chilled plow. He uses Lake Superior iron, and, when he can procure the Sols bury ore, he makes a mixture of that 'with the Lake Superior iror and thus obtains an exceedingly hard, and tenacious metal one which will resist the wearing, and one which will also not be easily broken. Through those two inventions he baa been enabled to produce this mold-loanl much more chcajJy than the cast-steel plow can be produced. Instead of raising his price abovo all other plows in use, when he made his inventions, he said to himself : "I will put these p!os so cheaply that they iiliall come into universal use." His jiatcnt was the first one that was ever issued from the jatent office for the manufacture of chilled plows. There never had been a claim put in lefore him. He has taken out eighteen patents as the improvement has gone on. He brought out his first plow in 1870. He had been studying upon it for many years, but only after a long period of time (not actively engaged in ex peri ment all the while, but he had been turning it over in his mind for a quarter of a century) was he enabled to bring out his plow. If you were to visit his works you would find 400 men cm ployed in the manufacture. He sent out 50,000 plows year before last year. There are 200,000 in use. His orders thus far indicate, he stated to mc, about 75,000 to be called for tho present year." E. Qucstrian, giving rein to his hu morous fancy, said to his wife: "If you don't stirrup your coffee you will lose all traces of the sugar, and saddle be the conMrqucnces." Mrs. E. Q. didn't like tho remark a bit, but ho bridled her temper so well that no one could tell by her carriage that bIic was a little sulky. The practice of buying cheap orna ments originated with tho French, who wear pretty jewelry, though it is not made of 10-carat gold, choosing it as they do their well-cut, inexpensive dresses, wearing both while they are tasuionauie, anu wtieii no longer so throwing them aside. Consequently French women are always tastefully and tft&hion&biy attired. 1856. KNAPP. BURREIX Front, First and Ash Streets, Portland, Oregon, IMl'OltTJEKS AM) IT FARM IMPLEMENTS AND FARM MACHINERY. Solo Agents fur tbo Following Specialties, which are Acknowledged the Best in use: Tlie Ha In I'm rra Waron, ths oJj aifno tW Lu ituuj tt lt Ul SJUta In Ofrfca CliMBiploa Jlollue Vluss. Uards-ii Cltjr IMosr. Olltvr til 1 1 led I'low. titeudj MtW! fJuwtastks peartd U soj talus. lVsr U yuAia ln.rutit.fcs Sttlpcrlor Uralu Drills asiil Superior Hrwad Cut kvrvdars. Utast iartxsJ sbi ur,fnlal Monitor Bros 'al fieertrra, Istcst tvrst!. tin riles t'lly Nalby l'low. tuo H kp la TtX Tnnnnatit. V a us Hnlky I'low, waka kss tsirn ant pernios si OrsgMi felsta Fair fur Ust fucr rn. Ha) I la H Beelad Harrow, ta ueij saccmfal tr! Umn jet latruhioxl. I'aelHe ran Mill, the oalj mat la saaxtst that W desa ahest pertscilj sj uii not s8 ta v&l osts, exile, etc., etc. Cider Mills, Feed Cutters, Cultivators, and Harrows and Iron and Steel Harrow Teeth. MM bms talrolwr t kosU IVwr or Star UiBm M eutMoH IbtrmWtfnl ht rttuaf suriotn Lttur oorAtAax eSaratrre as a ctrrr a Ml stuck af tSdVStX, WATCH WHLtLS. VIU. IfTuXES, SMITTERS. BOLn SO CLOTH. SAW MlLLakCCL-lttflAwa, HVtMZE. sa.1 LATU ELLTIXO sad ocrjlHinjpar- tilnlnt to tastl larauttta; rul Sett da. aa4 set slasrs Oh fewest. COnilKHl'ONDENCE INVITED. Gaps Mad 1st tba Flask By abscesses and nleers speedily disappear TlhoetleavtDcaear, srbert Henrrs Cartlle Halt Is !teacol 31 pkj ed uibeal Item, This slaodaid artlele ctirra tbe worst sores. eradi cates eataaeuas eraptlons, relieves hr ala at bams, banl.lirs piniples asd b olebts from tbe skin, aad baa pros rj to La eminently seets lot lo remedjtBi; rbeemallsra aad soresess cf tbo lljro-1 and cbrst. Ask far Heerj's Car hollervslTr. and Ult oe other, llsdc. IaTls a Ca.,.enu. Mtuiffl. Siundler Jc '.'Isadbottrne invite the attention of deaWx ami hoMkeet. tv to their iwmrnv? stock of Parlor, ItcdruoM, DiHiwr loom and Library Ksiniittirr, 3Iattruus(, C"aqa?t, Oil Cloths, shades and every Uiii wanted for a Crst-da-vi outfit. Send for cata logue and price list or, what is still let ter, call in jtrNott when in town and kiok through their elestnt warerooms. locutei on Pint atreert near MemMa,arsd running thrim-h the entire Islock. For Dyjejta ; Pfuader s Oregon I Mood I'unficr. A cortaia asd eedy cure. For diseases of the liver awl Kidneys try the Oregon IHood PurifcVr. If la mablnC oj jareliae or 1st wrltlasr la if'law ta any swltrrtlse rsseat la lata paper jou still piro-sa mess, tloa the aaair ml tae paper. DRY GOODS. LAWC AT A MSTAMT rSOU rOETLA-VU CAS eml aab ta as ilutcej aa at aw omafiri. Wr Vn-p ta Larreat uai rsseK bvk U Dry Geods, Dress Goods, Silks, Cloaks, Aad s-rvrjlaaa; nqn-miu la s strsttfT YWST-CLXSS rTAaIlHyVT. sa Uercvo. It J ort tary festi ta mi ta e Ur m-njin sal OM, sat It at mMi mrjboiy ta tsla ajTsalars af Um rwaaC daat sa Sa pnr ci &ET COWtss. V. aa Keep a raC Uu U CEMTa FURXI8HIHO COODS. Clarke Henderson, Coraer Klrsl aad Waaalactaa MmU, FOETLAXB. VZSHQX. To 8b toll sy AaaVtr of Xenipapers, Xiaxlnet an a Copj ol WelHter Tn a.rldsrd It VecUftoArj or ISTS Edition Free ef Ckatxt. DtrrxviSEnTn iSTROtwxtTnr. worr shore (Orca"s atotrsla aeaTafy) tat rnrj It mtj csra a I la raaSe Chut, tb trrtrt- ta Bai sr rvefMudl. vlU ta Icaliar faaaUrs ha IX Caitxl MaU aamk." b IseasVted tstt sasf ea jrafs aabacrirOea ta aa rarr e SBafsime -a sayaae a vfi sat bp a atab c( rsWrltcn ta T& West baart. The West Shore Is now a lanje 32-page paper, hsndsoaiely illustrated, ably edited, and is sent out stitched and enveloped in a hand-some granite cover. Xo family should be without it. Price per annum SI 50, if sent in cn or before January 15; after that the subscription price of The West Shore Will be $2 00 per annum. Th Hon. IL IL Paaeraft, abols twiirttd cot ot la very test satltnriti ea fctrrsry sobtarts la lb Ucllal Mates, sir "As s btrtral aaj prsrtl eaDy scieaUfie poiodksl. I msrTlIi: WJ5T SUORS sj ky Isr las tI psa&sM 00 tb radfle Ceut.- Dr A. J Ridisni ssrs' "Tea desrm IX nacc Bst ct rrrrj msa h ass tbSlsl at tasrt. Coo sidsr aw a psrprtasl saWritcr HoaireJi al etaer tntiaMalst aa4 eadarsetseats &r oa Si st oar oOre. Tb propU's ralrsrsBat "THE W12JT SHORE Ut th larxrst drecUUco U sa paaO ealioo la tb ladc Sarlhvrst. 5rd yacr sddrs so s psstal card tni ask for ear dob Ust, or semi TO rests tar a srwetnten cwrr ct T1IC WEST SHORE ecatalalsr our doa Ust. Address L. SAMUEL, rabltsber West Kaor. roKTLAXD, onrcox J. .V. BTHOWinrDGE, IXrert Inrorur aad ralr la LEATHER AND SHOE FINDINGS, Xo.141 Front KL, INsrtlaad. Or. Oregon Standard Soap Works, IRTISO A WEBB, Proprirtons. rORTLANO. ORECO.H. Tb enlr steam faetery tMsrth at Ssa rrsMlsea. SoJ lor drealsr sad rek list. Morning Star Kestaurant. Ctorasf Swod sd Wsthlnjton SlrU. I'urtlaoJ, Ofn. . C. KIDKR, rrwprletor. aoard, f 00c th. frocn.. ...ta oo to ts) 00 i 00 to S 00 Tito 1 SO Board, ptr a-eck. Irum Board, Jr day, rnxa Bard. tir ihm fnxn .. . . tlto t4 IMsaU Rooms for Ladles aad r amities. A BELL, rKemsuraER. 167 and 169 First Street Portland, Oregon. No. HOLIDAY GOODS! AT.TSKY & HEGELE. CANDY MANUFACTURERS. rTAVlJ OBEATLT tXLAtCED Wl r.tCTOar WE ARC SOW pE7AEZ EETTK2 THAJf EVTK TO son H I'aslcrs attil a sapcrior Article ef sS ICaats AUo irr hm Wr)r Chruicixi G"U. rstk as frsssr Taj ,CU1 Tjt, rsarCst UrU. Trt aiirnali, Ymty lse Unn, CVr-.tr i Tm Cauasa, C4ass htUt, U-.m iii, s. t.ti.. 4 ,rirn?s, etc. siiatiaas. msa HC vSmX calAiuvs aaa poca luC Vuc U.S".. ALISKY & HEGELE. Sty. Its rirst aireel raetorr m Alder blrrrl. Adjalniaf fxld Fellasra Tesaple. r a BOI t. f-ffKTULSD. oucox New Publishers. New Editors. THE WEEKLY BEE. Tae K-st Acrlrallamt aad I4e Maek Jaarnai Pabltshed in the Xartaas-at. THE MONOPOLY BROKK.V. Tta tstratuWiTSika?Be-rs trsas3 puts et t!c tvex- Dally and Weekly Bee. Tfe Vtat srrlealKrs: sal t stl tttzut lo Orrrsa kas Vara canal taints nrtetinlj tx tba WEEO-T klX. Tt Uat ktcrsry tsfaat Baorycaa fnesm is stasia! Sa sS fc 4f ajisBcau, s4 ta WCZXXT Etc Ssa l cscat RcguU a&l rrfcsU ixrujrrt fT yalf ,ml sa tl rasSr Ouaat. sa aJ ss tl (afsl. SelamtxiaB frn IS prr --" . txmitilj br sd rsat AS ac jearrr scbKxiptiaea trta Uis &a t9 V scat tM Jsasary 1, ittO. Aortas O. H. STEARMS at CO rOKTLAXD. OUCOX SCROLL SAWS! BOUT A WAtSTT SAW .VXD PATTEXXS 4TWrtu tte rm Use D1TT05 Jfc HALU PertlsJiiI, Or. Qio a uat riorrr retosts osr acest. OIO aastbar fit. Srrsrue. I'artsa Ur raa. Iml sal trstraat; ssSiasara abated. Fxftixlm tm. Dsrtta rsir-f fctnrtef Ccrar H Swrad HrreC, ii BEST PLOW IN THE IW asmer " Oliver's CThnied XaHaJ. It vd nut Usrhter. lara sx4 ta Vetter warlt af all lilsssla. Uaa asy ctirr pb ade. Bwars f I as I tall as. S-r Oil IS &szs Vzsm " sad tMs trsi sstt are oa U bcaa at Ua llar. TVs rra si a Otrrsa Csntra Pto-s-t as b si alj trom is, or ccr sstiartasd arsats. KNAPP, BURRELL & CO. Oeneral JLawta, Tor Orerw srl WaAaisrtaa Trrrltery, restTXAXBw 9IBMX X COqUEKEK OF (05SUMITI8X I HALL'S BAL SAM! FOR THE LUNGS Ersdiestes Coosfca, Colds, raermnrts. BrooeMta, AstrTfiS. Overt, Wbocplar Coufti, sad au diseases ot t!st Bfratbia; orxua. Hall's Balsam Is ths Leading Specific for Consumption. It axtUiea saJ besls ih Bembrsaet ot tbm Lncss. rrBtnsal axsl nasoeed by th distase. and raacdiet tbe Bictt vsU sad tictklacas serosa tlx dMst abkh so cwspsaj ll. ConsiimptioxL Is aet aa iacorsU Bslsdr. It b eaty necessary la bat lb rijtt rrnsrdr. sod IlsSs rUHan Is that rem ady. Itoct despair of relief, lor this brdra spad&e Biaj cars yea. stsq icoca praeaswBai sal laus. Dr. U U Wrlcht. ot Cincinnati, snals cs Um sob- feined peofrauoosl tndorsctoeat -. "I has reecrit4 11 sirs Uiisssi la a larra Bomber of taata, and slasys with satveaa." It adds thst ia on easa a raticat with (tttj sppesrsae ot eooflrmed cuosusiptioa, ssj netcred to his ssasl health sooa after coaureocinr to take th Hsliaia.- John Kahn. ol Lsfsjrtte, lad., writes "Oa year cv t a w au afanacr m ui iaas sure of coo sumptioa. tod cot so low oor doctor said t would Dot Ut twenty -focr hours." II r Koha luniwr stat thst -STtcrtakiBCBiaa bottirs of ItalTs IUiscahU tuw in penect health, bat ta; used no other median. Th abort brlet extracts art takta from a Mass of Evidence I Whkh has born accmaulallnr Jariac s mini of twrn ty-ala jears, prortor th t&oxjU llaTs Balsaai in all cases br th bmiblivr orrsns are sSerled. aad showirv tat estimation if which th retaedy is hU by tht pahtle sad lh mejticsl professioo. Sold by sil ""a?! i-nc it prr fexu. JOHN P. HENRY, CURR4N & CO, 8 Collects Place, ew Yor!f. IT BEWARE Or IMITATIONS. XiX te HsXl Bil- aua fr tat Luns, and lak ao alhar. HODGE, DAYIS Jk CO., Agtst. & CO.. 1878. KNAPP. BURRLL, sfc O.. Portlassif. Brejss. ut Frtecfe aad lTflnii Or- etCL, kr W00DBUKX XUnSEKEES. Fral u abaa. Oraasaeatal sad Sut Trrera. Vlnt-a and Klsrsiaasrrx. CVaW Trcrs, S caau ea&. fit par asadrsd. Send tar CalaV3 sad Frkw LaC J. IL lf.il! rVTTE. Waodbcra. Oregast. CHEAT EOCC7IOX IX PRiCZa. J SIMON & CO., Dctin la Doors, Windows, Blinds and Glass WCGHTS. COR&3 AS IXU-ETS. t lrat KL. Wu Wsvafclmxlaa A. Alder. ji lm PORTLASP. OsUaCOX. WINDOW GLASS. Hlncle Thlclc. Doable Tiilolc. Crystal Hbeet, O ox . Colored, Knamelcx, Ground, Xlavte, Tor aJfcj HODGE, DAYIS & CO., Wliolosuile TruezlfTjsv, The Nortliwest Coast A tfcacry priated !A raf ps?44K sslitnss1 is of 0;ivm, Waahiacua sad Idaho sad tter rstaoa th Strth raote RaZnai. by Rer. Geo. II. Atkinson, D. D. Basuued by twa cnepWs rsaps at th ItxSarr It sbecU b bs th haads at crey iadrcr a&ocX that cBQSlrj.aad bscLl sttho cxlTtsary Ijt trios at tS ccala prreapr AaUaasatsd 3 per cast, ta doners. Cash: eartf sr aS enltrs. Aidrta. B. H. Rlearaa Jk Csw Sewrpsprr PshEshers. Portland. Orefss. OREGON COBN. I -IS Bushels to the Acre. 1 rmt is tears or dtpouxests i hate a V. pradaosdaarwrsrirtTef WJtalto 3PJJLxxt Cotzu That npcas thoracraly sad svtss Isr crops satha eftsaaU W Orerno. Tn miai firnin rip-n 1 1 i's.s af crop sad prvdsr taothcr Bar prudish! thaa wast I wal Ml this seed at tl l&rtnf prica I e Kj aas. a, i; Id per bssa datrrd at ha otpet fas Oncaa CI I J. or ia out pooad psckarra. pjasae pstwsaty. in wall rata. P. X. KtXAKsON. Ucxjrai CtT, Oi-CJo. EXCLUSIVE Carriage and "Waon Hardware, Arks, Sfcien, Farred sad Vires' Irons. I&jj sad CarRiTetTt;Bir".rBcs. A3 HariVv-i rssajwl ta eoatpWt a jab. CARRIAGE 4 WAGOH WOODWORK. Hah. Spokrs. Kass. fpokes. Snifla. Polra. OaA, Ash, I1jcs-tt sad WfctUwoo. IrrmVr. Aad th SesOj Cstcbrstcd SAflVEN PATENT WHEELS. W ea3 th sttentioB of th psbac aad s3 aid essta csrrs to th sho adtrrtianaeat, sad sa w srt lh acdr estabhshcaasA carscrd cuhai2y ta th Sat ia Ort roa. st iatand W pay riaa arttaUoa to th wu!s cf th market sad oor ccstoracrs. Ows&xa Is or, sad stlecVd ti;ca.'y lor oa, sad b bciaf racreaed by ctttt stcaater E. J. KORTHRUP . CO.. Coraer or First aad Xala Street, roKTT-VXD. OKECOX. vsexont: BIT THE COLUMBIA COAL OIL, THE BEST IX THE MARKET. H. ACKESMAX Jt Sos Arrnt for the North PsddSc Ooast, sJ I North rroot StTMt, PorOi.-J, Opt. FIXE FARX FOR SALE. GOO a.33T S. 0" XE OF THE BEST FARMS IX OKECOX. IX X Sat staU U etdtlratiea. fofiy feaccd. txeeCeat bj Idlnrs, steam power aad a3 Use improraBMBt ta sfriceluirsl JnidUDrrr Ertrythiaf t V sold at a barrsia. It prodarrd I9,0Cw bosheb ef whost ia 1577 sad S.0CO bcahsb ia IsTS. Is rood for aa aisrvf of Bias thooasnd bcah!s ertry year ITics 1 ! sen. Inn u tail tin bartr a IL STEARNS A CO.. Baal Estatt AreoU PorUaad. Oraroa SOLE AGENTS I)R THE IXK1VALLED ST1XUAKD ASB KSTET 0K81XS, n. w. ritKsncE ca. Haric Dealers, rortlaad. Oregoa BURTON HOUSE, Corner Tfelrtl SBil F Ntrcwta, Xear tht Steaaahip tanducs aad KaUroad Dtpots, rORTLAND. OREGON Le wistoH & Fretl&el, Profirleters iLatt of IDaa teU Uooaa.) WUl spars eo pahal act tJpmtt to task thit hoaat THE BEST MOTET. IX POXTUMls,