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About Bedrock democrat. (Baker City, Baker County, Or.) 1870-188? | View Entire Issue (Jan. 21, 1874)
% BEDROCK DEMOCRAT, R A T E S OK A D V E R T IS IN G i PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY, BY J . M . S I I E P I _ I E R D . Office in P ierce’s H a ll. T erm s of S u bscription : One year,.................................................. 4 oo Six Months,............................................. 2 50 YOL. 4. BAKER CITY, BAKER COUNTY, OREGON, JANUARY 21, 1874. C orrespondence from all portions o f I BUSINESS NOTICES. Eastern Oregon is solicited for the D emocrat . 1 All communications, to receive attention, must be accompanied by a responsible name. J. P. A tw ood, M. D. Personal communications will be charged (Graduate of the Medical Department ot »special advertisements. the Willamette University,) PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, S . M . P E T T E X O I L L A C O ., IO .State Street, Boston, 37 Park How, New York, and 7ol Chesluul Street, Pluludelphia, are our A gen t* lor procuring advertisements for th e B e d r o c k D e m o c r a t , to the above cities, a n d ure authorised to contract lor a d v e rtis in g at our lowest rates. n3tf n23] I tf BAKER CITY, OREGON. DIIS, PRICE & i D I T O E a l S B 'y , E T T NEWSOM, I S T S BAKER would respectfully call the attention of FARM ERS and FRUIT UROWERS Fruit Trees and Shrubbery, both useful and ornamental, lor which I will sell low for "MONISH.” HEND FOlt CATALOGUE. Address, H. J. GEER, Cove, Union County, nl71y Oregon- P R O F E S S I O N A L CARDS. , T. C. HYDE, S te rn s & H y d e , Attorneys Mini Counselors At-I.aw. BAK E R CITY, OREGON. L. O. S terns will attend the Courts of the Fifth Judicial District, and of Idaho and Washington Territories. Water Rights and Mining Litigation a DENTAL PROFESSION. All work Warranted. Office One Door be low the CITY DRUG STORE. Baker City, Oregon.-n7y lilt. D. D. STEPHENSON, ESPECTFULLY INFORMS THE CITI- zein of Baker City and vicinity that he R will soon be with them again prepared to do J. 23. G^ARDlsrEK, Collections promptly attended to. June lb, 18<3.n6y ANDREW J, L A W llliM , Attorney-at-Law, WATCHMAKER AND JE vYELER, B A K E R C ITY, OREGON. ILL PRACTICE IN ALL CO CRTS of the State. Baker City, Sept. 1, 1873. nl7y. I. D. HAINES, P ttorney and cou n selor Law, Baker city, Oregon* at [nltf J. M. S H E P H E R D , ESTABLISHED IN BAKER CITY IN 1867, Keeps constantly on hand a well assorted Stock of WATCHES, CLOCKS I JEW ELRY, and is prepared to do all kinds of work in his lir.e of business. Waltham and Elgin Watches at Factory n31 Prices [ tf. A .t t o r n e y a t - L a w , "W e ste rn H o t e l. BAKER CITY, OREGON. MAIN STREET,................................... BAKER CITY. S. V. KN O X, R EID & FLETCHER, Prop’r. Attorney at L aw , (And Notary Public,) WESTON, O R E G O N . Will practice in the Courts o f this State and Washington Territ jry. O FECIAL AITENTION PAID TO LAND k j Business, and Collections. ul3tf J O S E P H H. S H I N N , Notary Public AND C o n v e y a n c e r, Will attend to Conveyancing and making ABSTRACTS OF TITLE. Baker City, Sept. 11,1872. n l 8 tf E. W. REYNOLDS, K OTAItY PUBLIC AND DEPUTY U. S. MARSHAL. Office with John Brattain, Three Doors South of B edrock D emckat office, on side of the Street. C liin e s e P h y s ic ia n , Has located permanently in b a k e r r p H I S HOUSE has been enlarged and re- X iitted, and is now the best Hotel on the Umatilla and Idaho stage route. Stages leave this House for above and be low, and also for Clark’s Creek Eldorado, Gem City and Sparta, Connected with the Hotel will be found a first class • S A L O O N ! Liquors, Wines and Cigars of the best quality. Phelan’s Improved Billisrd Tables all in good order. N. B.—Those indebted to either the Hotel or Saloon are requested to appear at the Captain’s office and settle. no5v3tf. COSMOPOLITAN SALOON. W c it y , And can be found at J. W. Cleaver’s Old Cabinet »hop, which he has iitted up as au Office and Apothecary Store. All diseases incident to the Human Family can be cured by this Physician. Particular attention paid to cases given up as incurable by other Physicians. DR. Yu UK CHU. Baker City, Sept. 8 ,1873.-nl8n8o 2Proclamation. W J HEREAS, UNDER THE ACT in the most substantial manner. Baker City, March 12,1873.n44tf. OF W the Legislative Assembly of the State of Oregon, entitled “ Au Act to Protect Liti gants,” Approved October 24,1870, the B ed rock D em ocrat , a newspaper published at Baker City, Baker County, Oregon, has been designated to publish the Legal and Judicial Advertisements foi the counties ot Baker and Grant, in Oregon; and whereas, the Propri etor of said B edrock D emocrat has hied with the County Clerks of said Counties written stipulations accepting the conditions of said Act, together with Bonds, approved as the law directs, with proper returns and notices thereof to this office, according to law. NOW, Therefore, the B edrock D emocrat is hereby proclaimed to be appointed and confirmed as the medium through which ail Legal aud Judicial advertisements for the counties o f Baker and Grant shall be pub lished, for the period authorized by law. Done at the City of »alem, this 27th day of FeuTuary, A. D. 1873. [ state seal .) . L. F. GROVER, Attest: Governor. 8 . F. C h ad w ick , Secretary of State. n44tf Lime! Lime! Lime! R oberts & N e ls o n lia v e on hand Lime of good quality, aud will sell at low rates. Orders from a distance solicited. PORTLAND ADVERTISEMENTS. M ILLARD & VAN SCHUYVER, 89 Front and 40 First street, PORTLAND, OREGON. MPORTERS and WHOLESALE DEAL- ers in Foreign and Domestic Liquors.— Also, I Doors, Windows, and Blinds n l F o r Sale. A. P. H o taein g , ) San Francisco, j tf f E. C. L ord . (. Portland. ^A_. 3P. H o t a lin g & Co. Sole Agents for the J. H. Cutter Oil Bourbon Wbisky, I L L I A M C O X '.S T A B L E W O U L D respectfully inform the Public that he has opened the And Importers of C o sm o p o lita n S a lo o n , Fine Wines and Liquors, Corner o f Frort Street and Court Aveniie, opposite Virtue’s Bank, where be will be pleased to see and wait upon his friends and the Public generally. His 431 Jackson Street, San Erancisco, Baker City, Sept. 3, 1873.nl7m4 AND 25 FRONT STREET, PORTLAND, n46tf Oregon. 33 A. 23 Is supplied with the very best o f every thing In his line. He has a Fine Billiard Table for the use o f his customers. Baker City, Dec. 17, 1873. "32tf R. M’IN T O S H . Respectfully offers his services to the Public • I D IM M ITT’S m j j! C O U C H § BALSAM ! 2 In the capacity of TS THE NEW EST, THE JL CHEAPEST and tne BEST thing in 3E 1 market for all diseases of tho Lungs and ; Throat m JOINER AND D A V I S & . S t U l l LER, 7 CaToinet-Malior. w Portland, Oregon, Wholesale Agents. 5 Oct. 29, 1873.-n25n33 All kinds and every D E S C R IP T IO N Of Work in Wood neatly and promptly done. Paker City, Jan. 1 , 1873.tf S J M’C O R M IC K , Importer and Dealer In Toys, Music AM L IV E R Y S T A B L E Boots, N Stationary, E W S P A P E R S, GEIER & K E L L O G G Having completed their New Stable, have now the finest and best regulated L i v e r y S ta b le In E a s t e r n O r e g o n , Where they will carry on the Livery Busi ness in all its branches. STOCK BOUGHT AND SOLD. Baker City, Nov. 13, 1872. nl3tf P A Y T J 3 ? ! !. . Brown are respectfully requested to come forward and settle their accounts, either by Cash or note, immediately. Ä word to the wise is sufficient. Baker City, March 26, 1373. n46if A CCP” The B edrock D emocrat has more f id e , paying subscribers in Baker County, than has any other two papers pub lished in the State. We put no man's name on our subscription list unless we have orders so to do. _^n bona Second Edition. For the benefit of subscribers in certain localities, we issue a second edition of the D em ocrat on every Monday morning, which contains all the news of importance received at this city up to Saturday noon. Look at the Supplement for first rate miscellaneous reading matter. D R . Y O U K CH U , all kinds of S pecialty . A For Medicinal purposes. Family Medi cines carefully prepared. Prescrip tions accurately compounded, at all hours o f tho day or n8. night. Give us a cull. tf C IT Y , O R E G O N , Dental Work, W BAKER CITY, OREGON, W ould respectfully Inform the public that they have recently received a well se lected and fresh Stock o f And are prepared to operate in all branches of the to my extensive and varied assortment of L. O. STEIINS, N otary P ublic . Opposite Odd Fellows’ Hall, Main Street, Have permanently located in H . J. U tE R , Proprietor. il K u X 1 » EKSHiN'KD N BEDROCK DEMOCRAT. Drugs, Chemicals, Paints, Oils, Perfumeries, Patent Medicines, Soaps, Wines, Brandies, Whiskies and Cordials, We are now prepared to do all kinds of JOB V* OltK on short notice and at reasona ble rates. N. B.—All Job Work MUbT BE PAID FOB ON DELIVEli 1. H J H ah H H e w 33ru g Store. FRANKLIN BOOK-STORE AND SANTA CLAUS’ Headquarters, Fire-proof Brick Building, 105 Front street, Portland, n37 Oregon. DR. J. R. [tf CARDWELL, Dentist ENTAL ROOMS, No. 89, First street, Portland, Oregon. The late and im D proved styles of work at reduced rates. Ni trous oxide for the painless extraction of teeth. W. l l p e r s o n s in d e b t e d t o a . h f n29tf H. WATKINS, M. D. PHYSICIAN AND SUBGEON. FFICE, Odd Fellows’s Building. Resi dence, corner of Main and Park streets, Portland, Oregon. [IF’ sSpeei&l attention to diseases of the Eye and Ear. | n29 O P A Y I P. We have a heavy payment to make on the first of February, and there fore are compelled to ask those who are indebted to ns, either on sub scription or advertising, to either bring or send the amount they are owing us immediately. What is coming to us we have earned by hard labor, and now we are in pressing need of the money. We are getting new material and must havo the money to pay for it. W a llo w a V a lle y .S e t t le m e n t s . The following important letter was written by Governor Grover to the Secretary of the Interior at its date and forwarded to Washington at the time of the report of the Commis- mission appointed by the Interior Department to assess the value of the improvements of settlers in Wal lowa Valley, with a view of vacating that valley for Joseph’s band of In dians. We ask a careful perusal of this letter by our readers, as it sets forth the whole subject in a clear light: S t a t e o f O regon , E x e c u t iv e ) O f f i c e , S a l e m , July 21st, 1873. f H on . C olumbus D elano , Secretary of the Interior: S i r : —I beg leave to call your at tention to the very grave and impor tant question now pending before your Department touching the sub ject of vacating the Wallowa Valley, in Union County, Oregon, for the purpose of securing the same to J o seph’s baud of Nez Perce Indians, and to submit the following views thereon for your consideration. On and prior to the 11th day of June, 1855, the Nez Perce tribe of Indians occupied lands lying partly in Oregon aud partly in Washington Territory between the Cascade and Bitter Root Mountains. On said 11th day of June, 1855, the said tribe, by their chief, head men and delegates, numbering fifty eight officials, made and concluded a treaty of peace and boundaries with the United States. Isaac I. Stevens acting on behalf of the United States for Washington Territory, and Joel Palmer for Ore gon. By said treaty the Nez Percbs ceded aud relinquished to the United States all their right, title and inter est in and to all territory before that time claimed and occupied by them, except a certain tract described therein, specifically reserved from the ceded lands, as a geueral reserva tion, for the use and occupancy of said trite, and for friendly tribes aud bands of Indians in Washington Territory. This general reservation embraced lands lying in part in Ore gon, including Wallowa (W oll-low- how) valley. On the 9th day of June, 1864, a supplementary and amendatory trea ty was concluded between the said Nez Perce tribe and the United States; the former being represented by fifty one chiefs, head men and del egates, and the latter by Calvin H. Hale, Charles Hutchins and S. D. Howe, as Commissioners specially delegated. By the latter treaty the Nez Perce tribe agreed to relinquish, and did relinquish to the United States all the lands reserved by the treaty o f 1855 excepting a certain specified tract designated as “ a home, and for the sole use and occupancy of said tribe.” By this amendatory treaty the Nez Perce tribe relinquished to the United States all the territory embraced in the reservation created by the treaty of 1855, which lay with in the boundaries of the State of Or egon, including the said Wallowa valley; so that on and after said 9th of June, 1863, the Nez Perce tribe did not lawfully hold or occupy any lands within the State of Oregon.— Joseph’s band of Nez Perce Indians were, in the treaty council for 1855, and Joseph signed the treaty. Their action recognized the tribal resolu tions of their band, and bound all the persons and territory described therein. The reservation named be came the common property of the whole tribe. Joseph and his band acknowledged these conclusions also by accepting the benefits of the trea- NO. 37. One »qnare or le**. one insertion,....... W M Each additional insertion,........................ » 0 ” e square three mouths........................® Business Advertisements by the month— Quarter column..................................... $5 00 Half colum n,...........................................10 00 One column,..................... .......... .. .. . . I I 00 Ten per cent, additional on advertisement« to which a special position is guaranteed. [J ^ T h e space of one Inch, up ami dowrf the column, constitutes a square. N. B.—All debts due this office arcfpayabU’ | in Coin, unless otherwise expressly agreed. .......... .......... ... ....... iiMiniiirmnirm----------- - ty of 1855. But Joseph refused to acknowledge the treaty of 1865, while a large majority of the chiefs and head men of the Nez Perce tribe signed the same. Joseph died in 1871, aDd his sons claim the land which was relinquished to the Unit ed States in 1863, including Wallowa Valley. This claim is based on the idea that, the baud which they repre sent were not bound by the treaty of 1863. The United States had established the policy of treating with the Indi ans os tribes and nations. This pol icy was predicted on the necessary fact that organized action by the tribe or nation binds the whole body and all of its members. The treaty of 1865, is the organized action of the Nez Perce tribe, in relation to land in which the whole tribe had a common interest. If the Govern ment shall admit that one sub chief, ont of more than fifty joined in council, can by refusing his signa ture, or absenting himself, defeat the operation of a treaty, the policy of making treaties would be value less and but few treaties would bo binding. For there exists hardly a treaty with Indians west of the Rocky Mountains in which all the sub chiefs aud head men joined, and against which they have not positively pro tested. If we draw our conclusions from the former practice of the Gov ernment, or from assimilated cases of foreign treaties, it must be admit ted that the treaty of 1863 bound all the Nez Perces and extinguished the Indian title to all lands previously occupied by that tribe lying within the State of Oregon. Acting upon this conclusion, by order of the General Land Office, bearing date May 28, 1867, the pub lic lands in Wallowa Valley and vi cinity were directed to be surveyed and opened for settlement. The sur veys made under this order amount ed to eleven townships, which were approved May 9, 1868. From time to time since that period citizens of this State have become settlers upon these lands to such an extent, as I am informed, that eighty seven farms have been located and preemption and homestead claims have been filed thereto in the U. S. Land Office at La Grande. Upon this statement of facts, I urge that the Indian title to the lands occupied by these settlers has been doubly extinguished. First, by trea ty, and second, by force of law. As the Indians have only a right of oc cupancy, and the United States have the legal title, subject to occupancy, and with an absolute and exclusive right to extinguish the Indian title of occupancy, either by purchase, conquest, or by legal enactment, it would follow that if the treaty of 1863 did not completely extinguish the Indian title to the lands in ques tion, the acts of the Government in surveying the Wallowa Valley and opening the same for settlement and the consequent occupancy of the same by settlers under the provisions of the several acts of Congress affect ing such lands, ana the recognition of these claims by the local Land Office of the United States, w oild work a complete extinguishment of the Indian title by operation of law, as far as the occupied lands are con cerned. There are othar Chiefs and head men of the Nez Perces, who did not sign the treaty of 1863, and who have refused and still do refuse to ac- knowledge its binding force. If the Government shall in this instance accede to the demands of Joseph’s band and create a new reservation for them, or shall admit in their fa vor the nullity of the treaty of 1863 as far as they are concerned, a score of like demands from other discon tented bands connected with other neighboring tribes, under treaties negotiated in a similar way, will be immediately pressed upon the atten tion of the Indian Bureau. I am thoroughly persuaded that if the proposed surrender of the Wallowa valley, and the adjacent regions, to these Indians be now consummated as demanded, the measure, if it works as a special pacification in this instance, will cause a general dissat isfaction, not only with the Nez Per ces, but with all neighboring tribes living under treaty relations, and this character of work will have to be entered upon and carried out; as to all. The declaration made by Congress March 3rd, 1871, that “ hereafter no Indian nation or tribe within the territory of the United States shall be acknowledged or recognized as an independent nation, tribe, or power, with whom the -United States may contract by treaty,” appears to me to relieve the Department from entang ling itself with an effort to reform past treaties, as such, and to leave the Indian Office unembarrassed to adopt such policy as will subserve the best interests of both whites and Indians, without submitting its judg ment to the caprices of untutored savages. In addition to what I have nrged against reestablishing any part of the Nez Perce Indians in Oregon on grounds growing oat of this particu- j lar case, I would respectfully press upon your consideration the general policy of the Government hereto* fore, steadily pursued, of removing as expeditiously as circumstances would permit of all Indians from the confines of tho new Stales, in order to give them the opportunity of ear ly settlement and developement, and to make way for civilization. This State has alreody ranch of its best soil withheld from being occupied- by an industrial population, in favor of Indians. The region ot country in Eastern' Oregon, not b o w settled, and to* which the Wallowa Valiev is the key, is greater ill urea than the State of Massachusetts. It this section o# our State, which is now occupied by enterprising white families, should be remanded to its aboriginal char acter, and the families sbonld lie re moved to make roaming ground for nomadic savages, a very seriou* check will have been given to tlxf growth of onr frontier settlements*,- and to the spirit of our frontier peo ple in their efforts to redeem1 tb* wilderness and make it frtiitful of civilized life. There is abundant room for seph’s band on the present NéZ'Feïce Reservation, and the tribe désiré to have this bund observe the treaty of 1863. I learn that yonng Joseph’ does not objeot to going on the res ervation at this time, but that cer tain leading spirits of his band do object, for the reason that by so d o ing they would have to abandon some of their nomadic habits and haunts. The very objection which1 they make is a strong reason why they shonld bo required to do so; for no beneficial influence can be exert-' ed by agents and missionaries among* the Indians while they maintain1 their aboriginal habits. J oseph ’ s BAND DO NOT DE8IHE WALLOWA V a 'Ü* LEY FOR A RESERVATION AND FOB A home . I understand that they will not accept it on condition that they shall o c c u p y it as such. The reason' of this is obvious; they can have bet ter land and a more congenial cli mate at a location which lias been tendered them upon the Nez Percé* reservation. This small band wish- the possession of this large section of Oregon simply for room to grati fy a wild, roaming disposition, and not for a home. There are but seventy two war riors of this band. The white set tlers in the Wallowa country num ber eighty seven. There are also in' the Wallowa Valley two incorporat ed companies, the Wallowa Road and' Bridge Co., and the Prairie Creek- Ditch Company. The improvements of these settlers and companies have been assessed, as I am informed, by commissioners appointed under the direction of your department, to the amount of 867,860. Considering that the demands of Joseph’s band was made during the period of the apparently successful resistance of the Modoc outlaws against the treaty stipulations with* the Klamaths, and that now the Mo- docs are subdued, it will doubtless’ be much less expensive to the Gov ernment and much moro consistent’ with its general Indian policy, to in*- duce Joseph’s band by peaceable* means to make their home on thé' Nez I’erce reservation, than to pur chase the rightsof white settlers now in tho Wallowa Valley. The people of this State have uniformly recog-' nized the boundaries of legally de fined Iudian reservations, and have abstained from attempting to estab* lish settlements thereon. In all in* stances of various difficulties between- settlers and Indians on onr frontier1, since the reservation system has beerti extended to Oregon, hostilities harier resulted rather from Indians refuse ing to confine themselves to th eif' treaty limits than from any attempt of the settlers to encroach upon res ervations. This was the case with the Yakimas in 1855, who killed* three miners outside of their treaty limita, ancUüien murdered Indian Agent Bol&td-; who visited them to remonstrate against their perfidy.— ThiH was the case last autumn with the Modocs, and is now the case with Joseph’s band, in the light in which the treaty of 1863 has heretofore been held by the general Govern ment and by the people of Oregon. I believe the facts will sustain me in saying that at all time» and under all circumstances our ^frontier set tlers have been as well difepcaed to ward the Indians, and as moderate and forbearing as those of any other frontier, and as much so as the peo ple of any other State would be un der like circumstances. Urgently pressing upon yonr care ful consideration the pecnliar fea tures-of this subject, aad on behalf the interests of this Stfate and o f the settlers in Wallowa Valley aDd- vi cinity, asking that the, preliminary steps taken for the vacation ef- said valley for the pnrpose of creating'a reservation for Indians may be re- : scinded, I have the honor to be Your ob’t servant, L . F. G rovkb , Governor of Oregon,, Chicago boasts of eighty m ile» o# wooden pavements. If all herblock- heads had been used for pavements she would now have eight hundred!