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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 18, 1911)
OREGOKIAX. PORTLAND, JTTXE 18, 1011. MEDFORD HIGH SCHOOL HAS FULL COURSE IN PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE Student Giv Bock Work and Actual Experiences In Every Branch of Successful Fanninf Under Guidance of Professor Hall Other Schools Adopting It as Course of Study. . m ii i ii i i i r r i 1 JT i-TZTPZ?j, LUiA' U "1" " "--J7raT), . ." - -- ... j , . . , f ,. . ' ' - - - '. - . V. ' jLSMggyrrsuiisgaJ " " "r-X v" --; V- -N - A W:-. :' v " - -V"v 4::-- . v. ;' v. -- . s It. -:'. .-v; ; l i i.'t -. ti2 iL- La - " XT - ' . . -. 1 mi I J H - ' Tr-T5 - -'Cti;' ?fe -; rCf 'vK -f?l - , . - . . - - ,. JSK ' - i. - V - . - . - y , ,-"-. T.-..r" ' - IT ARTfTTR M. GEARY. IN order to actively meet tb fpcll 01 ef the community the Med ford H:h School has aJJed & course In horticulture to lta curriculum. Three years aro the school was the pioneer In Introducing; the study of agriculture In tie state. The claaaes In asronomy. anl Q.l hmbandry and farm maoagement Inatalled at that time became popu lar with the students and with their parents that It was decided at the be sinnlne of this echoel year to add the rvtirse In horticulture for the senior. ho bad already availed themselves of the trainlnsj offered In the agricultural 3'pertment. The planning of the hortlculturaJ rtjre was laft to Professor S. B. Hall. ha has been Instrumental In the Initi ation of the agricultural course. Mr. Hall Is a graduate ef tie Oregon Agri cultural College, rljss of 1309. He also rre;ved a valuable training as to the tpeclal seeds-ana conUMinr.s of hortl-.-ulture la the Ron, Iilvir Valley while In tfte employ of the Oregon Kxperl ciental 9uiloa tin ler Hrofeeaor lewts. In moMIng bis courso. Professor Hall sought to leavcb the general prin ciples ef the science of hortirulture and f-om them branch upon a careful stu.lv of the particular conditlors of fruit growing in the Kng'ie Hlrr Valley. The main fault tnat the hortlcullurlnts hare found with I", work of the graduates ef agricultural mlieges ts that a gen eral training In horticulture did not give them knowledge of the allomances t :at must be made f or Jocal conditions. These peculiar conditions of each lo ra'lty can only be learned by assncig. ttoa and espeiience with them. Here the students In high school have the advantage. Professor Hall has carried on bis work In teaching; horticulture, by lec tures, reference reading, laboratory work and frequent trips Into the sur i rounding orchards and gardens. Mr. Hall was raised en a farm near Falr riew. The boys especially take a vital in . terest In the work of this class. Many of them axe planning In time to take charge of their father's orchard or . hope to some day have one themselves. Pr learning the rudiments of horticul ture, while In high school, they are M to determine whether this par j tlcular calling will appeal to them as a I life work. It seems that the study of horticulture In the high school Is of such an attractive nature that many I boys would be Influenced Into tbla I work of production on the farm If courses were generally Installed In the hlsn schools of the state. The Pendleton High School bas al ready, laid plans for Installing a like course In Its curriculum next year. The study of horticulture has been taken up extensively In the California schools and the movement Is spreading north ward. The plan Is not to supplant the work of the agriculture colleges, but to give to the students a foretaste of and preparation for their work at col lege and to give a valuable and prac tice.! training to those who can sot af for.l to go to an agricultural school. The class work of the year's course in horticulture offered by the Medford Hteh School erabrsces the study of the following subjects: Different were ead metheds of propo- ni aad baadUs the various kinds of t f run brrie aad shrubbery. A studr of the .cim ef orchard locations srcerdlng te .cimn I mil Ur fsrtlittea ti; ceoditioDe sna irasjperisuon EelecUos of stock for variety. , - ii ' : :a-a--- . --.v GjcmtcSr zzrrnjrja jfov !-:C-r.:;": iii; : ' -. w-'' v.7. J. K-vi.-! parents, vigor, as, etc. Systems snd practices of laying out orchards. Care and Innpection of stock before planting. The euluvaUfia and care of treee of different and varieties. Mulches and ether crops. Pruning and tres training. Relation of farm animals te th orchard. Froet ef fects and control. Effects of wind and sun. snd methods of protection. Irritation snd drains of orchsrd lands. Fertilisation. Hand Ing of fruit in tlis orchard. Methods ef sorting, grading, wrapping, packing, hsul leg snd th loading, icing and pre-eooling of car rktudy of boxes and crates. Store house and pcklag-bousa, Qualities of toe sisndard Tertettes. The chief insects Injurious to fruit and orchsrd The life history, location, methods of attach. or-Jct ef attack. nn and how controlled. The Injurious fungus disease eharaoter of GRAND LODGE . . -.a fc. . s ..V - f ; 1 V . ft tm !., Mrm. Cell e'MeJtww- mVLIhcI Mrt Jsle e Wllfr Mrs. Dora II. Sehilke. The S?d annnal session of newly-elected officers by Mrs. A. succeeding Mrs. Jennie Ktnehart, resides at Baker. L-. J. Hoyd, of thla city, was succeeded as worthy grand patron by Clyde Evans, also of this city, most successful conducted In this state by the order, which has a membership of SOOO irt Oregon. vV . . - f .... :. 21- ; : - ' -- - - -?fJT - c, orcr tr ? '.;::'' nmj. i."..1-' ,ti.'S?SA2jaBtt4 . ., growth, methods of reproduction and spread. ffeols snd control. Mactsrial diseases, life history, mode of attack, effect and control. Physiological troubles. The building up snd protection of rnsrkets. The demand and fluctuation of the large market Market quotations as they appear In ths daily pa pers. A comparison of the different horti cultural societies and fruitgrowers' orgsnl sstlons sa to their work, as being of bene fit to Its members, the community and th Industry. Framing of constitutions to fit different conditions. The laboratory work consists of: Exercises In msklng haidwood cuttings, softwood cuttings, leaf cuttings, layering and heeling. In th planting of seeds. In budding. In grafting. In transplanting. In th manu facture of grafting wax. In the examination of nursery stock. In the laying out of or- OITICXRS. ORDER Of THE EASTERN STAR, ELECTED IN PORTLAND i r-': . --r: - ;. -I?' .1 i tk. arneera are. la thm tea rew Miss Nellie McKlnley, grand secretary, Mrs. STellle Baldwin, Mrs. Ma ode TTest, C ihV Km Krmum.. Seeo-d rsw-Mn. Mary E. Jobnsoa, James E Godfrey, Mrs. Margaret V. Hayter, eT.. w.rtby gra. d p-traa, . Margaret E. Kellogg. Third row-Mrs. K.taerlne Freeman, the Clrand Chaoter of Oregon. Order of the Antoinette Stiles, past worthy grana msiruu. .nn. rsuuni xv. e,..u chard systems. In the planting of trees. In vestigation of moisture conditions of th soli, lessons in pruning, taking of weather observations, reeqrds and handling instru ments, sorting and packing, a systematic study of the principle commercial varieties of fruit, drawing of plana for packing tables and houses, the mixing and application of sprays, observation and study of as many of the abovs-mentioned pests ss can be ae cured during the year. The course In animal husbandry In cludes everything from the best cure for plant lice to ths art of disemboweling- a beef animal for the market. This course also Includes frequent trips to the surrounding- farms. The theoretl cal side of the study Is carried or through the use of text-books, refer ence books, state and Government sta tion bulletins and lectures, while the practical side of the training;,, on which the greater emphasis Is placed, is taught by laboratory exercises and ex periments, visits to farms and markets and by field research work. The courses In agriculture as out lined by Mr. Hall are as follows : Agronomy This course shall deal with plant life and Its relation to animal life and the soli, dealing chiefly with farm plants. Class work 1. ths structure, physiology and funotion of each part of ths plant; 3. the different forms of plsnt life; S. the va rious forms aed methods of propagation; 4. the methode of improvement and develop ment; S, plant enemies and their control; e. the Injurious climatic effects; T, the Iden tification and values of the different forage and fiber erops; a. the Identification, value and methods of control of weeds; 9, the pro duction end marketidg of the principal farm crops. Laboratory 1. structural examination and tests of plants; 2. testing of seeds for purity snd vitality; S. Identification of plants by their seeds; 4. effects of sprays on plants; Ii, propsgallon of plants by several wsys; 6. moisture effect upon growing plsnts. Agronomy II. the sol This will take up the studv of ths soil and Its relation to plant and animal life: 1, the origin of the sol!; X. the functions of the soil; S, th dif ferent varieties of soli, their texture and structures; e, th effects botn pnysicai anaj chemical of the air. sun. rumui. moisture, temoaratur tlllsse. drainage and crop rota tion on the soil: ft. relation to weather anil cllmat; . the relation of fertilisers to the soil is) the orleln snd contents of different fertilizers. rb their effect upon tne sou ana plant Ufa. fc) their availability, (d) th costs ana benenis tor certain cmpe. Laboratory 1, a study of the texture of different soils; 2, physicsl conditions and thair relation to moistur and temperature g. ths sffots of humus snd Urn uon the oil: 4. comparative experiments wltn fer tilisers: 8. the effects of mulches upon the moisture content of the soli. Animal Husbandry This course tskes up the study of the domestic animals, includ ing th fowls and a little of the business side of fsrmlng: 1. a stuoy 01 ine onsm. hraeda car and usefulness of horses, sheep, swine, cattle and hogs; '4. a study of food nutriment and rations as for different snl m,)i and under different conditions: S. thi etits Svnd processes of curing and handling the meat products of the farm; 4. the care and testing of milk and the manufacture and care of Its products; f). poultry produots snd production; 6. some of the principles of firm management. Laboratory 1. Judging of horses, sheep snd swine; 2, testing and pasteurizing milk mr.A the manufacture of butter and cneese. 8. testing for food elements; 4. drswlng of plsns for farms snd fnrm equipment. KING'S HEIGHTS GETS CARS First Winding Trip Around Hill to Jte Made Today. Streetcar service will be extended over Kings HelghU beginning this morning. The cars will be run to the highest point of the hill and Inter wU be extended In a westerly direction when the pew section will be supplied with service. The view from Kind's Heights embraces the Willamettt) River clear to the mouth where it Joins the Columbia. The line traverses several miles In Its winding; process around the hill. At several points the railway runs close to the edge and the observer may look down several hundred, feet from the cliff. The work of stretching the wire end placing the poles was completed last week to the distance desired and It will be eeversl weeks befpre It is completed to Its full length. For the present the cars will be run from Twenty-third street only. Later, when all of the wiring and the work of plac ing the rails is completed, i.e ;ars will run down to WaaL-fligton street and will return by the same track. When the first car Is run a delega tion of railway men and promoters In terested In the King's Heights property will make the trip and the event will be marked by ceremony In honor of the long-sought achievement. Night Billposter Is Sought. J. Schmidt, of 60S Flanders street. Is accused of posting signs about the city Friday night attacking the brew eries and declaring his Intention to tell soon why equal suffrage was defeated. The police ere looking for him with Intent to file a charge against him, alleging violation of the bill-posting ordinance. ,-v :-vl-?v-v.. ' J . " -v - v T7L,- A i : V : A . nrv" 1 " ?A.4x 7T. . 3 ' : . . ' i. ... f .'. J x .- ' : .. .1 Eastern Star, closed Thursday afternoon with the Installation of the- Th is CO-OPERATION IN ENGLAND APPLIED SUCCESSFULLY IN MANY LINES Spirit of Change in 'British Affairs, Commercial and Industrial, Most Marked Municipalities Are Now Taking Over Big Enterprises From Private Hands and Working Them for Peoiile. r. ...... .... 1 i1 1 .'. i"' ""I " "TT-" "' ' Til fel'- wV-Vi i - 1 V .. IL. C! - : , v ' '". ' 1 'r ' I mil ' ' " - v-'T-irv- I I K (.- U 1 1 ar- 1 i .... v . J Ae- vv jk i et3 I Vissennvi.ft ABOVE, ISIDB OF CO-OPER.ITIVE BAKERY. CEXTER, LEFT, A CO OPERATIVE OBJECT I.ESSOXl HI GUT, ROBERT OWEN. BELOW, A STREET 11 A CO-OPEKATIVE TO WAT. ONDOX, June 17. (Special.) The L traveler who brings to England that healthy National prejudice that holds all Englishmen to be in curably Blow and "behind the times' must be a thick-skinned Individual In LAST WEEK- n ,.Svu ('" "'"" year's convention was one of the . .... . - .. j t 111 Ct I2v W'weUvVM t . ? . deed if he fails to be shaken at times by the piled-up evidence of his colos- sal mistake, He may get out of it, as many of us do, by insisting that most of the hus tle and enterprise that have lately been rupturing precedents over here are due to roll-top desks, typewriters, Amer ican salesmen, and such like products purely transatlantic. But these are only superficial Influences. The spirit of change in England's affairs, com mercial and industrial, is far bigger than anything that has been altered by the introduction of elevators or cash registers. Thus, while American commercial prestige may be said to rest on the brilliant but desperately unconnected efforts of notable individuals, the spirit of change in England has moved not so swiftly, but a great deal more sig nificantly through the collective ef forts of great masses of men. Co-operation Brings Itesult. Conceive, then a body of working men so banded together, with 70 years' accumulated hard work behind them, a membership almost touching three mil lions, possessing a long-since success ful plan of running all kinds of In dustries and distributing all kinds of products to suit themselves. Conceive of these things in their proper magni tude by considering the annual trade of 600 millions they will support, and you will see what Is meant by the real innovations England has made In mod ern business for these are none other than the fruits of the most revolution ary element In English trade today, the co-operative movement. It may be said at the start that Eng lishmen do not appreciate the im portance of this amazinz development of co-operation. Like so many start- i ling things in England, It is taken for I granted. Nor do the co-operators themselves, particularly the older ones, ; get unduly excited over tne vista j opened up before them. Up at the central orrices or tne uo-operauve Wholesale Society in Manchester are found many functionaries exhaustively versed in the imposing statistics of co operative trade, in the scores of farms and factories, and tha multitude or products turned out, in the profits and the dividends, and the vast material wealth of the corporate societies. But there were a few men who were not submerged by these things, who viewed the co-operative idea not as a nuge business, but as a working ferment among the people, making for a change of life. Co-operation Is Revolution. But co-operation is so familiar a working force In England that eng lishmen are greatly surprised to hear It called a revolution. Tet so It Is, as . glance over its eventful history win oon demonstrate. Co-operators re gard 1844 as Its birth year, ror tnen It was that the famous co-operative store was opened by the poor weavers Ttnehdalo. There were 28 of them, all told, and they put In 5 apiece and rented a rickety old warehouse in a little street that went by the unattrac "mt80y&r' ' Ve tive name of Toad Lane. Here theii common funds laid in a stock of font homely articles flour, butter, sugar and oatmeal. At the end of the first year they divided up the modest prof its, in proportion to the size of eacli man's account at the store and the seed had been sown. From Rochdale the idea spread te Manchester, 20 miles away, and Iron there it raced all over England, titoi-ps sprang up everywhere, as fast as workingmen realized how much cheap er and more independent it. was tr. take the distribution of the common ar ticles of life into their own hands. Th private traders fought, bitterly, ol course, and finally organized a boy cott of the booming .co-operatives by the wholesalers. For a time the movement was stumped, but in 18ti3, in the midst nt England's cotton famine, caused by the American Civil War. the Co-operativs Wholesale Society was founded, and from then till now the triumphant progress of the co-operative stores his never been checked. Business Is Large. The whole business has grown nn to colossal proportions. Benides tha great cotton mills, woolen mills, bis cuit factories, jam factories, tin and ironware works, potteries, printeries and the innumerable variety of indus tries controlled In England, there are tea plantations in Ceylon, grain eleva tors in Canada, and plans under way for cotton plantations In British East! Africa and Nyassaland. ( But the material aspect of the move- , ment, however enormous. Is still not atj all the most important. It Is a dfnl more significant to read that $450,0m j is spent annually for education and j libraries among co-operators than to j marvel that tney divide up $50,000,0it) a vear profits. Of this latter sum j each of the 2, 780,000 members receives, about $18 a year, but he gets a great deal more than that out of the spirit of the thing, as expressed in the money spent on stirring up his ideas. The co-operators have started thren things in England, two of which have now been taken under state control. ; and the third is fast inclining that; way. The common interest and In- i centive of co-operators founded a free, library in Bolton long before anybody; felt the need of running these things, in the name of the community. Forty, years ago, co-operative libraries were : dotted all over England, marking the; only way to an education for thou sands of working men and women. To day they have been bought out by the . town councils, but they have rendered a service forever invaluable In first . stirring public opinion to some realiza- , tion of whither common enort be directed. The same thing precisely happened In the case of technical schools. Even-in- tr-ade schools, on the plan of the Cooper Institute in New York or the Franklin Institute in Boston, were set n everywhere by the co-operators ns a necessary part of far-seeing co-operative effort. Agin the town councils saw the public advantage and the co operative societies are today relin quishing their hold on technical edu cation, with the sure knowledge that they are passing It on to broader pub lic control. , .. The venture now in its evolutionary stage is a far more vital matter than either of thes! the business of hous ing. Here again the lever of the co operative effort has been amazingly effective. Upwards of 35,000 houses are now owned by co-operators themselves or leased from their societies, accord -ine: to the system pursued. All the "garden city" and municipal housing projects have sprung from this initia Incentive; so now in England well over 100,000 houses are the direct fruits of communal effort. This foraging Into the future seems to be the mission of co-operative pion eers The spirit of accumulated en terprise pervading the whole move ment is the most quickening agency among Englishmen today for better and fairer industrial conditions. There is real enterprise here which even the skeptio from Missouri can recognize and appreciate. Kansas Has Harvesters Enough. TOPEKA, Kan., June 17. Charles . Harris, director of the State Free Em ployment Bureau, Issued a warning t5 day to people who are planning to come to Kansas to work In the harvest fields, Harris says the demand has been sup plied and that hundreds of men for whom there is no work are flocking to this state.