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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (April 25, 1909)
THE SI SULTAN AT MERCY OF YOUNG TURKS Invading Army Subdues Muti neers in Barracks and Holds Abdul Prisoner. CONFLICT OPENS AT DAWN Ylldli Kiosk Is Stronghold and Slief- kot Fears Mines Abdul Will Ketaln Crown, but Be Stripped of Tower. (Continued from First Page.) overwhelming, and the Matchka garri son soon surrendered. Advance Under Deadly Fire. Almost immediately the loyal soldiers in the Tasch Kischla barracks on the opposite hill opened a deadly Are, but. notwithstanding that many of. them fell., the Salonica troops did not hesi tate in their advance. They moved slowly , and cauti6usly. bringing up their machine guns, which eventually resulted in silencing the garrison. trif.',We heavJ- losses on both sides. w hlle this attack was proceeding an other corps of Salonica Infantry en countered a sudden attack frpm the ar tillery in the Taxim barracks, but these were supplied with, rifles only., Mukh tar Bey. commander of the Salonica rorccs, fell dead and many were killed or wounded on the first assault. Thousunds Killed and Wounded. , The fighting in the Stamboul quarter "rourred , t the Porte, where the gar r son refused to surrender, but after a 3 W of then were killed and more than " were wounded. Then they -hoisted th.: white flag and surrendered. The troops who were made prisoners were conveyed under strong escort to Stamboul and interned In the War Office. As they passed through the street of Pera, which so lately had echoed their gaiety, they looked sullen and dejected and seemed to resent deeply their de feat at the hands of fellow-Moslems. The people on the streets were impressed with the quick fate that had overtaken the mutineers. This conflict between Moslem and Moslem has had a profound effect upon the Turkish people and it is feared that It may become the seed of further trou ble. Officers Let Them Be Shot. Questioned as to why they fired upon the Salonica soldiers, one of the prison ers replied that they had arms and would be cowards to surrender without a shot Had not their officers hidden the keys to the storerooms where the guns and ammunition were kept, they would have made, the Macedonian troops dance to a different tune. Apparently the officers made no effort to hold the soldiers. The Indifference of the officers was in re venge for their recent persecution, when. Is Is estimated, more than 160 officers were murdered by the men. A tourist party of 50 or 60 Americans was at an early breakfast when the boom of artillery shook the windows of the Pera Palace Hotel. There was a scurry to the windows, but thev wr unable to see anything at their posi- tlon. Ambassador Leishman sent them VL "luo 11 was obliged to hoist the white flag. There was stiff fight ing at the Iplik-haneh barracks, where " uiuuiiuui an frvm.n . estl- A round it is be- The private UyDAY OREG0NIAX, PORTLAND. APRIL 25, 1909. TURKEYSTRIVESTD OVERTURN DESPOT Constitution No Sooner Set Up Than He Plots Again to Regain Despotism. TWO REFORM FACTIONS Committee of Union and Progress Represents "Young Turkey and Favors Strong Central Gov ernment for Empire. CONSTANTINOPLE, April 24 (Spe cial.) When Sultan Abdul rfamid II is sued a proclamation last July reviving the Committee of Union and Progress. This is the working organization of the Liberal, or Young Turk, party. The president of tne Chamber, Ahmed Riza, and most of the vice-presidents, ' secre taries and quaestors are among their members. The Union tnd Progress fac tion believes - in the centralization of power. Opposed to this faction is another of decentralizers those who do not wish government power centralized the Lib eral Union element. Speaking broadly, the governing Turkish element believes in centralization and the non-Turkish element in the Empire does not favor it. . How Revolution Began. The Toung Turkish revolution began with a mutiny of troops at Monastir, Uskub, Salonica and other military cen ters of Euiopean Turkey in the Summer of 1908. The officers Joining the troops and the movement having spread throughout the army, the Sultan found himself power lees and yielded to the demand for the restoration of the constitution. But he has been intriguing ever since to regain absolute power . and has worked on the Mahommedan fanaticism of the troops' to win them over. The outcome was the mutiny of the Constantinople garrison on April 10. against an order for Implicit obedience to orders, even though it in volved firing on the priests and theolo gical students. The cabinet and president of the assembly were forced to resign, and many officers of the army were as sassinated. The Sultan prompt "forgave" the mutineers, who had been instrumental in overthrowing the Young Turks, no doubt at his instigation. This outbreak aroused the indignation arrlv.H , , . v.c. ny 0 '"i.iim were quartered. 1 erhaps the most remarkable feature of the attack on the city was the great number of people of all nationalities including many Europeans, who thronged the streets outside the battle zone. Everybody showed that confi dence had been inspired by the disci pline, valor and friendly courtesy of the hjvadlng troops, particularly the gendarmes of Salonica. The number of mshdik.. -v.i.i.- will -..-, v. .7" i""""y - V Known, out it is '.neu. lar into tne thousands. mo laxim barracks alone, lleved. 1000 or h - -" UU Villa ouses within the lln nt ,.f j greatly. - w""c"" Abuse of White Flag. One of the heaviest losses to the Par liamentary forces occurred through the SlehVf W ,hlte flaK by the besieged Tasch Kischla Barracks. For more than an hour the machine guns of the at tacking party poured a hai: of shot into the garrison and then the defenders hoisted the white flag. Infantry moved forward in the open and the gunfire was suspended. AVhen these battalions were Within 400 yards of the barracks the guns behind the walls poured a deadly fire Into ihem, J7 being killed and 80 wounded. In one quarter some 6000 or 7000 troops were engaged ln the conflict, but with the terrific exchange of shots few non combitants were killed. Mutineers Die Fighting. Half of thj Salonica chasseurs, who were wrought from the country districts several months ago and placed in the ildiz Karrison by the Committee of nlon and Progress, and who took a prominent part In the recent mutiny, fell fighting in or near the barracks, where they iad murdered most of their officers only 10 days ago. In the pockets of some of the dead were found large sums of money in gold, which, it is assumed was part of the price of their loyalty. The American Ambassador, Mr. Leish man. declared that' the conduct of the Americans during the fighting and while he w.is arranslng to send them, off on a steamer was fiplendld. They displayed the ka-nest interest in the strange bat tle , an-i every woman showed great vim... ureru was no fainting nor hysterics. At noon the battle ceased and precau tionary measures were taken immediately by the victors to' insure the safety of the residents. No disorders of any kind oc curred during the afternoon and no loot ing was permitted. General satisfaction seem id to be fc:t at the swift change from uncertainty to constitutional order. Sultan Only Nominal Ruler. Should the Sultan remain ln office, it will be merely in a nominal way. His allowance will be greatly restricted and h will have no means for further agita tion, should his mind turn again in this direction. It Is credibly reported that the Sultun had distributed within recent days 2.000.000 Turkish to the troops. The Question -of his deposition or his execution can hardly be considered a possibility. Me has teen tried, it is true, and condemned ln the Committee of Union and Pt ogress as untrustworthy, but it is stated authoritatively that he win be allowed to remain where he is for the present. Embassies Well Guarded. retachments of military cadets, com manded by officers of the Constitu tionalists, are protecting the for eign Embassies, and every possible meas ure has been taken to prevent disturb ances ln the city. Enver Bey, one of the Young Turk leaders, has sent a company of infantry to guard each legation. Several Americans were wounded dur ing the fighting, including Frederick Moore and Harry G. Dwight. both corre spondents, and -Alexander A, Gargoulo. the first dragoman of the American Em bassy. Mr. Moore's wife, who is an Englishwoman, is caring for him at the French hospital. Rifat Pasha,, the Min ister of Foreign Affairs, inquired per sonally of Ambassador Leishman regard ing Mr. Moore's condition, and expressed regret that an American Bhould have been Injured. Mr. Moore was wounded while watch ing the operations through a field glass. By his side stood a Greek taking pho tographs. The two men probably at. traded the attention of the Turkish marksmen. The bullet that passed through Mr. Moore's neck killed a native behind him. Desperate Fight of Mutineers. A fine view was had of the fight ai Tasch Kischla Barracks from the root garden of the German -Embassy. rr. von Miguel, consellor of the Embassy, and the military and naval attaches were among those who witnessed the wnoie light. The Yildiz Kiosk was about 200 yards distant and the barracks not more than 500 yards. One side of the bar racks was almost blown away. Not less than 500 of the garrison finally retreatfcd by the rear gates, dragging machine guns wun mem. They fought ln the Turkish SLT'S rillAL..PLACE F EEFUGE WHICH IS BESIEGED BY REVOLUTIONISTS. rt-rpTjigH fitly!!,, wllii tin ill nil f "I 1 J?A YILDIZ KIOSK, TURKISH ROYAL PALACE. to a steamer about to leave Constanti nople under the protection of a guard of soldiers supplied-him - by the local commander. M. he . Ambassador then visited the leading hotels where' Ameri cans were stopping, i to reassure them that their part of the oity was secure, and . that they were in no danger. ' Among the Americans in Constantin ople were: Rear-Admiral Coly M. Ches ter, retired, and Mrs. Chester; Arthur -nester, of New York, the Admiral's son, ana jurs. Arthur Chester; Fmnlr Car- penter and Miss Carpenter, Miss Mary patrfnf,Ln. "w ,th, Lee. daughter of Robert S. Lee. and Ju- . """otism. as Western na the almost forgotten constitution of 1876 it was generally believed in the world outside of Mohammedanism that he did so in response to the feeling that it was inevitable to do so that unless he Insti tuted reforms, reforms would sweep him out of existence, at least in a political sense. The Young Turk movement is the lib eral movement. Not all its supporters are young; many of them are bid and whtte- naarea. DUt all are voune lr th oi cesirlng new things, fnr nius Morgan, or New York. Admiral Chester expressed the opin ion that Schefket Pasha had handled his forces ln an admirable manner. As soon as it was definitely known that the fighting was at an end, the streets of the city became thronged with people eager to get the latest news. Pickets from the corps under the command of Niazi Bey, hero of the revolt at Resna last July, entered Pera at lfl:30 A. M. and were loudly cheered by the people. Police patrols at 11 o'clock were visiting the shops, assuring the occupants that they had nothing to fear and inviting them to open. sense Turkey. atlons know It. MOORE MAN OF ADVENTURE Made Good as Newspaper Man, Then Went to Balkans. NEW ORLEANS, April 24. Fred K Moore Is a New Orleans man. A few years ago ne made his way to New York City on a tugboat from the Crescent City, determined to "make good" in news paper work. After working for the big New York papers in that city and in Washington he went abroad, where he had many exciting adventures in the Balkans. Later he Joined the Associated Press staff for a time and, aftei" resign ing, began the writing of books descrip tive of his travels. graveyard that fronts the Embassy un- PROBE SULTANS BEHAVIOR Sheik-el-Islam Will Decide Whether Ruler Did Right or Wrong. fv BERLIN. April- 24. The Turkish em Ibassy received the following Hic,ii, Constantinople tonight: "The second and third army corps have taken possession of all the barracks. Op position was offered in only a few cases which necessitated the use of force. Com plete quiet and security reign in the city." A dispatch to' the Tageblatt from Salonica says It Is learned authoritatively that the deposition pf the Sultan in prin ciple has not been decided upon. After, an examination of witnesses .con cerning the complicity of the Sultan, the Sheik-el-Islam will be ordered to issue a sacred edict, setting forth whether the Sultan has. proved himself unworthy to occupy the throne because of his having broken the religious law, which resulted in the killing of Believers and injury to Islamic principles. MOORE'S WOUND IS SLIGHT Correspondent Doing Well Gun boat Ordered to Scene. . WASHINGTON, April 24 Dispatches from Ambassador Leishman this after noon say the wound sustained by the American correspondent, Fred Moore, is not considered dangerous. Moore is rest ing comfortably at the French hospital Secretary of the Navy Meyer today cabled the commander of the United States gunboat Scorpion, now at Naples to have his repairs finished at the earliest possible date, so that he might be able to proceed to Constantinople. Taft Among Philosophers. PHILADELPHIA. April 24. The annual meeting of the Philosophical Society to day elected President Taft and Francis ajarwm, a son or cnarles Darwin, tr. memDersnip. A NEW TRAIN DE LUXE Commencing May 2 the Canadian To. ciflc will Inaugurate through fast service between Portland and St. Paul. This will be the finest train operated in the est. passionate devotion to the state because It represents national feeling and indi vidual welfare, hardly exists ln Turkey. Devotion to the Sultan has existed through mixed motives, of which fear and expediency would seem to be the chief. Reform Farty in. Control. But there is a large element nf Tm-ta,. that knows the rest of the world is bet- 8CLTAN AND HIS KMTIRE. Abdul Hamld II was bom Septem ber 22. 1842. and became Sultan August 81, 1876, on the deposition of his brother, Murad V. The throne of Turkey does not de scend to the eldest son of the Sultan, but to the senior male de scendant of the first Ottoman. The present heir apparent is Prince Mohamed Rechard EtTendl, who was born November 8, 1844. The Turkish Empire under the di rect rule of the Sultan has a popu lation of 24,813,700 and an area, of 1.1 56. BOO square miles. ter off ln many respects, and desires to secure for the nation certain reforms. That Turkey is as yet prepared poorly for constitutional government is gen erally admitted. But on the principle that the only way to learn how to swim is first to flounder, the Young Turk ele ment has advocated and brought about imuuuueaiary elections, at which the first National Assembly under the new consti tution, that which met last December, was elected. Much has bee.n counts of recent Turkish happenings of of the rest of the army and the Young Turks, with headquarters at Salonica, took control of the troops at provincial centers and Btarted the movement to restore the Young Turk Cabinet by seizing the capital and gaining control of the person pf the Sultan. This movement succeeded today through the utter defeat of the troops which ad hered to the Sultan and the siege of his palace. Where Tewflk Pasha, the newest Grand ' Vizier, stands as regards the great European powers is uncertain, bur It may be taken for granted that he is not neutral, for the influence of Great Britain has been bitterly opposed to that of Germany in Turkey for a num ber of years and practically all the leaders of Turkish politics favor one nation or the other. Jealousy of Great Powers. It is. of course, well known to stu dents of modern European politics that but for the jealousy of the powers of Europe. Turkey would long ago have been conquered by Russia and made part of the Czar s domain. Not only has each of the other powers been jeal ous of Russia, but Great Britain, Ger many, France, Austria and the lesser nations have shown distrust each of the other's motive as regards the Sultan's realm. Thus the status quo has been maintained and in the future as in the past, it may be counted certain that each of the powers will be opposed to any Interference with Turkish af fairs that would give any advantage to another power. WHO SHALL SHARE IN EMPIRE? Britain and Russia Rivals for Tur kish Domains. CHICAGO. April 24. (Special.) Turkey for many years has been the bete nolr of European governments, because her name symbolizes that en during bugbear of Old World chan cellories the Eastern question. What nations are to divide the territory of Turkey ln Europe, should the Ottoman SALEM WOOLEN MILLS GLOT HTO G MADE IN OREGON" REMARKABLE VALUES WE OFFER IN MEN'S, YOUNG MEN'S CLOTHES The values we offer in our Spring Clothes are truly REMARKABLE. 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