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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Dec. 18, 1904)
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By this we mean the names of the old Oregon Country. The subject Is a large one, and a volume would toe required to exhaust It. But some of the features of it may be dealt with In a newspaper article, as one bringing samples or specimens from a mine, to show what masses of ore may lie there, awaiting exploration. It is a subject that classi fies itself, according to physical condi tlons and to historical conditions. Civ ilized men coming into the country have made use largely of Indian names and have perpetuated them; but they have made addition of other names, drawn from a great variety of sources, eome very obscure. Yet nearly all can still be traced to their origin. Indian names remaining in the Ore gon Country are very numerous, and perhaps predominate over others, in the aggregate; yet multitudes of Indian names applied to physical features of the country have perished, and never will be heard of more. Oregon pioneers, now grown old, heard Indian or native names here, which they never will hear again, and which nobody will ever hear. They are gone; there Is some faint echo of the sound of them, but it Is dull and uncertain. Soon this last faint echo will have disappeared. In the physical features of a country the native nomenclature will naturally survive; and the leading physical fea tures of a country are its rivers and mountains and valleys and lakes. Also, if it borders on the ocean, the peculiar ities of its coast line. The Oregon Country is full of water courses which retain, very generally, their native names. There arc exceptions, however, and the greatest exception of all Is the Columbia River. At different points our rivers, have native names, but there was no common or general name for a long stream throughout its whole course. The natives had various names for various parts of them; but as they didn't know the extent of the great riv ers or of the great mountain ranges, they had only local names for moun tains and rivers, different here and there, and unintelligible to each other when they were separated only by a few miles. The lower the grade of cul ture among a people the narrower the range of ideas and the less they know about others. Here, in early times, na tives living only a few miles apart couldn't understand each other. Hence there was no common name for phys ical features and great objects, like rivers and mountain ranges, nor even for wind, air and ocean. In the names of streams, however, the Indian nomenclature, being wholly local, has been preserved better than jn other geographical features. How far the name Wallamet, Frenchified into Willamette, was applied by the natives to river and valley of the name is not known and never can be ascer talned1; out it is known that the river from the Falls at Oregon City to its junction with the Columbia was called Multnomah. Most of Its tributaries bear Indian names, as the Clackamas, Tualatin, Yamhill, Lucklamute, San- llam and Molalla. Long Tom is also Indian, being corruption from Lung ITum, or something like that. Mary's River was named by the first settler upon its banks, whose own name now escapes us, for his sister Mary, who never came to Oregon; and Mary's Peak, near by, has the same origin. The Mackenzie River bears the name of one of the men of the Astor overland party, who went up the Valley in 1812 on an exploring tour; and Pudding River gets its name from explorers and trappers who, passing that way In the early time, out of provisions and In distress, killed one of their poor old horses and converted the blood into blood puddings to keep themselves from starvation. Most streams that flow into the ocean along the whole coast of Oregon and Washington bear Indian names. Ex cluding the Columbia, the conspicuous exception is Rogue River eo called be cause the early explorers and trappers found on this stream and in its valleys a body of Indians whom they regarded as especially rascally and treacherous It was sometimes called Rascal River and it is a historical fact that more trouble was found with the Indians there than In any other part of the Ore gon Country, in the early times. The TJmpqua River retains the Indian name. Passing northward along the coast almost every stream beafs like designation; as Siuslaw, Alsea, Ya qulna, Nehalem, Necanlcum. Likewise all. or nearly all, of the streams that flow into the ocean in the State of Washington hear the native Indian names: as witness Nasei, t-nenaus, Qulnault and many more. The streams of considerable size that flow Into Puget Sound retain the Indian names, almost without exception, Most of these are on the east side of the Puget Sound, flowing out of the Cas cade Mountains. The list includes Nls qually, Puyallup, Duwamlsh, Snoho mish, Skagit and Nooksack. East of the Cascade Range, in Washington, the Indian names are more generally pre served than in Eastern Oregon whether for physical features, like riv ers, or for political and municipal di visions for counties and towns, which the whites have established. If the Indians had names for the great mountain peaks as certainly they had not for the "continuous and extended mountain ranges we have not preserved them. All the great peaks are known by special modern ad ditions. Local effort has been made to change the name of Mount Rainier to Mount Tacoma; but it has met with no success.. Tacoma is a beautiful and euphonious form. But it Is not an In dian name, as has often "been asserted. It owes its existence to the imagina tion of Theodore Wlnthrop, who passed through the Puget Sound country and over the mountains to the Columbia River in 1853, and wrote the breezy book of adventures called "The Canoe and the Saddle," whjch was published after he was killed at Great Bethel, Va., in the early part of the Civil War. In that book the name Tacoma first appeared, as the name Oregon first ap peared in Jonathan Carver's book in 1768. Captain Gray, who discovered the Co lumbia River, gave it the name of his vessel and his own name to Gray's Harbor; but he added nothing more to names of the country. Much more was done by Vancouver. All the principal bays, tideways and channels of the. Puget Sound were named' by him or his men. Belllngham, now an Important city, bears the name of one of his Lieu tenants, and Port Townsend it Bhould "be written Townshend was called by him for the celebrated English politi cian of the name. The upper regions of the Puget Sound Dana's Passage, Totten's Inlet, Budd's Inlet, Pickering's Passage, Eld's Inlet, etc were given their names by the Wilkes exploring expedition of 1840 the same Wilkes who took Mason and SHdelL Confeder ate Ambassadors, from a BritiBh vessel, in the early part of the Civil War and by that act came perilously near plung ing us into war with Great Britain. The Wilkes expedition made a more minute survey of the Puget Sound waters than had been made by Vancouver nearly fifty years earlier, and names he gave are permanent there. For each of these localities the Indians had a special name, which the early settlers in the Sound country became well acquaint ed with, but thesa names have almost all disappeared and in many cases have even faded from recollection. On the nomenclature of the Lower Co lumbia River" strong Impress was left by the Vancouver expedition. B rough- ton, Vancouver's Lieutenant, .ascended as far as the site of the present town of Vancouver, to which Incident that town owes Its name. Broughton also named Young's Bay, Baker's Bay, and Gray's Bay, the latter In honor of Cap tain Gray, whose visit to the river had but a few months preceded his own. Walker's Island, the town of Rainier and other points on the river also owe their names to Broughton. Lewis and Clark themselves affixed no names nere. it was many years after their expedition had returned that their own names were established in so many places in the old Oregon Coun try. The Cascade Mountain Range takes its name from the Cascades of the Co lumbia so called from the days of early exploration. By this name the continuous range Is known, throughout Oregon and Waslhngton. Its great peaks in Washington with the excep tion of Mount Adams bear the names given them by Vancouver's party. So does Mount Hood. Mount Adams was probably not observed by Broughton, though Mount St. Helens was. Amerl canswho came later proposed to change the name of the Cascade Range to Pres ident's Range. They attempted to sub stitute the name of Washington for that of Hood, but failed. But the names they gave to Mount Adams and to Mount Jefferson remained. It has been shown recently through the col umns of The Oregonlan that the proper designation of the peak often called Mount Pitt Is Mount McLoughlin which should he insisted upon and ad hered to by the people of Oregon. Nearly one-third of the counties of Oregon bear names of Indian origin; in Washington a still greater propor tion. The name Itself In most cases discloses this fact. In some, however. not so. "Coos" is the result of an effort to pronounce an Indian appellation, conjoined. with the fact that in this form the word Is the name of a county In New Hampshire; and "Yamhill" Is a corruption of the Indian name first written by the whites "Yamil." Such names as Clackamas, Clatsop, Multno mah, Umatilla, etc., 6how their origin at a glance. So with all, or nearly all, the counties of Washington that bear Indian names. Of the names drawn from our own history used to designate counties and towns in the two states not much can be said in so slight a sketch. Washington, while still a part of Oregon, got from the Legislature of Oregon the names of Lewis, of Clark, of Jefferson, of Thurston, of Pierce, of King, for her counties that bear those names. In Oregon, Josephine County was named for Josephine Rollins, the young daughter of an early settler or miner; Morrow County, for Jackson L. Morrow, who lived In early times in Mason County, Washington, then set tled In Eastern Oregon, where -a com munlty grew up around him; Union County received its name from the spirit of loyalty to the Union, strongly asserted In the days of the Civil War; Grant County was named just at the time when Grant began to rise in fame; Baker immediately after Senator Baker had fallen at Ball's Bluff. The entire list might be gone through in this way, but it cannot he done here. -One fur ther remark only: Weems's "Life of Marlon" had been read almost unlver sally throughout the West; and to this fact is due the naming of counties for Marlon In so many states, including Oregon. No towns of considerable importance In Oregon bear Indian names. It Is otherwise in Washington though why the difference Is not apparent ' In Ore gon, more than in Washington, names of towns transferred from other states were applied. Hence, we have Portland.. Albany, Harrisburg, and many more. McMInnville was named by William T, Newby, who laid out the town in 1853. He had come from McMInnville, Tenn. Ashland was named by the proprietor, who had come from Ashland County, Ohio; Salem got its name from the re ligious devotion of the missionary set tlers; Pendleton was named for George H. Pendleton, whose Democratic ad mirers were at that time In the ascend ant in the Oregon Legislature; Eugene for Eugene Skinner, who "took his claim" on that site. His name is fur ther honored In Skinner's Butte, hard by the town. Corvallls was first called Maryaville, by the same man who named Mary's River and Mary's Peak, as already stated, and for the same rea sonin honor of his sister. About the year 1857 the Legislature changed the name to Corvallls. Effort was made at the same time to change the name of Albany to Tekenah supposed to be an Indian name and the Legislature ac tually passed the bill, but subsequently rescinded It. Roseburg owes its name to Aaron Rose, its founder. Pacts like these In the underlying his tory of the Oregon country are known, of course, to special students; but these perhaps are not very numerous. The only purpose of The' Oregonlan at this time la to indicate the nature and ex tent of an Interesting subject, which some writer may at some time aeai with fully. There is material for an at tractive volume. OOM PAUL'S LAST MESSAGE. The last words addressed by the late President Ringer to his Boer coun trymen are pathetic, but between the Hoes of pathos can be traced touches of that old spirit of Intolerance which was the primary cause of so much un happlness in the final days of the old Boer leader's life. "Death," said Col ton, "is the liberator of him whom free dom cannot release, the phyBlcian of him whom medicine cannot cure, and the comforter of him whom time cannot console." There 13 much truth in this statement, and It applies with consider able force to the departed president of the Boer nation. "Krugerism" was his religion and business policy, and when the British by force of arms eliminated that religion and policy and rendered void the llfework of Oom Paul, death undoubtedly was a welcome visitor. Kruger speaks in his parting message of "the land to which I devoted my life to open It for civilization, where I also saw the development of my nation. The inference naturally drawn from this allusion would he that Kruger's sacrifices in opening this land to civili zation were greater than those of oth ers, and yet it Is matter of history that the British most generously divided honors with the Boers In reclaiming the land of the Afrikanders from the savages. It was when this reclamation had been effected that Oom Paul and his followers departed from the pre cepts which he has laid down in his final message. In what might be termed a voice from the'grave, he says: "He who wishes to create, a future must not lose sight of the past. There fore seek In the past all that was good and beautiful therein; shape your ideal accordingly, and try for the future to realize that ideal." The sentiments here expressed are noble, but they do not conform to the policy of the past so far as it was shaped by Kruger. There was nothing good and beauti ful" in the policy which withheld from the British in South Africa the prlvl leges that were enjoyed by the Boers, It was a policy of taxation without rep reesntatlon, against which the Ameri cans had rebelled a hundred years be fore, with the British in the role of the aggressor. Oom Paul was in many re spects a remarkable man, and he will hold a place in history for centuries to come. Sorrow will be felt for the trag edy that embittered his later life, but among fair-minded people who can view the matter dispassionately, this sorrow will be more In the nature of a regret at shortcomings that made possi ble his downfall than a lament over seemingly unrewarded merit. He speaks of the bitterness of the thought that he must close his" eyes In a strange land of exile, but throughout his final mes sage there Is not a hint of regret at any action of his own which might have contributed to that bitterness. All of the agony which Is reflected In this last message undoubtedly made death preferable to life for Oom Paul, but, while tears of genuine sorrow may fall over his bier In Pretoria, there are vacant seats at thousands of firesides all over the civilized world that would he filled today, had Kruger practiced as he preached a policy of the "good and beautiful" In life. And the pity of It all Is that naught but sorrow for all concerned has come out of it. Kruger and his greatest enemy", Cecil Rhodes, like "all the mighty troublers of the earth who swam to sovereign rule through seas of blood," are today but a part of the dust over which they fought. Their thirst for power and conquest has been quenched forever. .The Brit ish, of course, succeeded In establishing the principle for which they fought. but at a cost that has made humanity shudder. Kruger's last words were tragic and pathetic In a way, but they win awauen omy. resentment among those outside of Boerland, who suffered by his stubbornness and narrow view OREGON AS SEEN 75 YEARS AGO. Within the limits of the old "Oregon Territory." out of which the States of Oregon, Washington and. Idaho and a part of Montana have been carved. there reside a million and a half pros perous and happy people. Th the next twenty years their number is likely to be doubled. It Is npt extravagant to hazard the prediction that this terri tory fcy the end of the century will be the home of ten millions the flower of American civilization. The railroad and the steamship In their highest develop ment and the sailing vessels of the world are and will continue to be Its efficient servants. While the vision of Oregon's earliest friends did not see modern means of transportation, it beheld clearly the wealth of the great natural resources of the country. As early as 1829 the Amer ican Society, of Boston, earnestly urged the settlement of Oregon by citizens of the United States, and set about in a practical way to make effective its rec ommendations. Its circular printed In 1831 Is published on page 42 of this issue of The Oregonlan. We commend it to all readers,, old and young, for the keen foresight and the practical advice offered. Note what is set forth concerning the soli and the climate, the right of set tling and the probable reward of the Industrious man. Read the memorial to Congress, a 'remarkable document when we consider the date of its pre sentation. Observe the. policy proposed for the Indians. Note how these shrewd near the mouth of the Columbia and a 'more Important city near the junction of the Willamette with the Columbia.! -They laid strese on education and re HgIont and offered a code of land laws based on equity. It Is not easy to measure the influ ence .of the American Society toward Amerlcanlzlngthe disputed territory. The circular sounds no uncertain note on British encroachment. Whatever opinion one may hold as to its practi cal value in the actual early settle ment of "Oregon ten years later, one cannot help but admire Its straightfor wardness. After the lapse of three- quarters of a century and 100 years after the Lewis and Clark expedition, the' document Is more than interesting and has no insignificant place in Ore gon "bibliography. REPORT OF THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH. The progress which has been made in this state by Intelligent official effort In . the control of the common diseases that have long been the scourge of mankind is succinctly set forth In the first an nual report of the Oregon State Board of Health, published in The Oregon lan yesterday.. Every intelligent per son who reads this report must con gratulate himself and the community upon the m raked decrease in the num ber and virulence of cases of contagious and communicable diseases, as shown by this report during the period covered by the activities of the State Board of Health. In view of the great import anoe of the work, and the marked sue cess that has attended it, this report is entitled to mora than passing men tion. It Is not too much to say that this document is one of the most Interesting and valuable state papers that has in many years been compiled for the in formation of the Legislature, and of the people. Dealing with contagious dis eases and Its success in checking their spreatfc with the question of, water sup ply and Its availability and menace as a germ-carrier: with school hvelene. and the sanitary measures required to promote It; with the possibility and ne cessity of procuring a pure milk supply, and with Important bacteriological In vestigations, it covers a wide range of human interests of a distinctively vital type. In each of these special lines of effort and of some others the Board has la bored with patience, vigilance and effi ciency, and with a gratifying measure of success. It has demonstrated In the brief period of eighteen months covered by its work the potency of ylgllance, of intelligence, of hygiene, of sanitary science and of official authority In pre venting epidemics of the mo3t actively contagious diseases and In reducing fa talities as the result of such diseases to the minimum. The only distinct note of alarm that is sounded is that which dwells upon the unchecked prevalence and fatality of typhoid fever. Distinctly a filth dis ease, Its water-borne germs find access to hygienic homes, perhaps far from their source of culture, and suffering, fatality, anxiety and large waste In resources, both of vitality and money, result. This diseaso may indeed well be re garded as the scourge of scourges, since the mortality that resulted from It dur ing the period under observation In this state was eight times as great as that from smallpox, more than double that of diphtheria, and four times that of scarlet fever. It has been found, how ever, that purification o the water sup ply at some points, notably at Eugene and Ashland, has caused a marked de crease In typhoid cases. Another gratifying feature of this re port Is that which treats of the Open- Air Sanitarium for persons suffering from tuberculosis. A suitable site con venient to this city has been secured. and in a few months a colony of pale tentdwellers will be found 'there, bat tling the Insidious foe that has stolen in upon them unawares, with the reme dial forces of great Nature, that can alone be depended upon to give them victory. From the showing made through this report it will be seen that the more ac tively contagious diseases are more readily controlled and more certainly eradicated than are those that are classed as communicable diseases. Ty phold fever Is not classed as a quaran Unable disease, and consumption only partially so. The fight against them Is therefore an open one, waged In the home and in special wards of hospitals. Yet the mortality from either Is greater than that from any one of the more actively contagious diseases, contact with which all prudent people shun. As an educational force, disbursing knowledge upon the cause and preven tlon of disease, insisting upon hygiene as a preventive, Isolation as a remedial ageney, and prudence as a guide In the great realm of physical conditions, the value of the State Board of Health Is Inestimable. Such recommendations as it makes to the State Legislature look Ing to an increase in its power and usefulness may well receive the cheer ful and unanimous Indorsement of that body. And thoughtful people, to whose prudence and plain common sense dl rect appeal is made upon the Import ance of sanitation, school hygiene, the purity of the water and milk supply. the common and filthy habit of expec toratlon in public places, etc, will be wise If they follow with all diligence these suggestions for the promotion of health by barring out disease. ALL ROADS LEAD TO HOME. "Mother, may I 80 out to work 7" "Tea. my darling daughter; Wear your prettiest frocks, and strive To marry as you oughter." Of late there has been a. great outcry against the evils that have been con jured as bogles around the employment of women in various professions and Industries. The President even felt called upon to assist with dogmatic emphasis in his message to Congress that "the prime duty of the woman is to be the mother, the housewife," show ing thereby how prevalent Is the belief that the woman who work3 outside the kitchen has abandoned the cook-stove forever. It does not require much con slderatlon to see the fallacious charac ter of this idea. Lovely woman works with one eye open for the coming of Prince Charming. Shes adopts a career lnthe full knowledge that It can easily b"e' disowned atthe right time. The brush of the artist is abandoned for the 6crubblng-brush, the flying fingers that made the typewriter click are busy mixing dough, and the songs of the concert-room give place to "Hush-a-by, baby." For lack of space it Is impossible to be specific concerning all the trades and professions In which woman Is to be found. Take the stage alone. Here 13 a profession that offers a Career with a big C, they say. The actress is wed- ded to her art, they say. Yes, but she can obtain a divorce from it very read ily. Think of the number of actresses who are married we do not count those whose husbands are humdrum men of toll, but actresses who have married men of millions or of titles. Only yes terday the dispatches told of the wed ding of a fascinating member of the "Sah Toy" company to a millionaire. The case of young .Thaw is fresh In the memory. Viola Clemmons married Howard Gould. From the sweet Nellie Farren, the eighteenth century darling of the stage, who married the Earl of Derby, to Belle Bllton now the Count ess of Clancarty a music-hall singer of more weight than voice, men of title have fallen victims to bright eyes across the footlights. Now bread and cheese and kisses Is a romantic diet in a" novel, but a more elaborate menu Is held In higher favor today. If marriage Is the duty of woman, marriage with an Earl or a millionaire Is at once duty fulfilled and triumph gained. This Is a self-evident truth, and is backed up by the rush of good American girl3 when coin or a coronet Is put on the counter. Far from keeping girls at home, therefore, they should be encouraged to enter a profession, which Is the first stepping-stone to marriage. There is no need for outcry about an Imaginary lack of housewives; the professions are merely clearing-houses for matrimony. RAILROADS AXD THE CANAL. It may be only a coincidence, but it is noticeable that almost simultane ously with the announcement that there will be two or three new transconti nental railroads comes a renewed agi tation in the East for a water-level ca nal across the Isthmus of Panama. The Washington correspondent of the New York Sun states that all of the mem bers of the House committee on Inter state and foreign commerce are "im pressed with the sea-level project." No particular explanation is offered as to why they are impressed, but there are certainly advantages In the water-level project that could not fall to Interest the transcontinental railroad men None of these captains of industry are on record as favoring any kind of a canal across the Isthmus, but, if they had any choice In the matter, the water-level plan would undoubtedly be selected by them. This is due to the fact that the Isth mlan Canal Commission in 1901 report ed that the construction of a water level canal would take at least twenty years and would cost J240.C0O.O00. The development of our own country, to say nothing of that of our Oriental neigh bors. will be so great in the next twenty years that long before the water-level canal is completed the new railroads of the Gould system, the Grand Trunk and the latest proposed line by J. Pierpont Morgan will have paid for their con struction and built up a trade of which even the canal will be unable entirely to relieve them. The railroads have never displayed the same hostility for the Panama canal that they have ex hlblted for certain Internal waterway Improvements, which on completion threatened to reduce "the available sup ply of traffic on which the railroads could levy. At the same time this lack of opposi tion may have 'been largely due to the belief that the completion of the canal was so far In the future that it was unnecessary to regard it senousw. now that It has become something more than a faint possibility, the roads which will be affected by its completion, rec ognizing the futility of open opposition to the project, would gracefully and with a clear conscience advocate the construction of the water-level canal to be completed twenty years hence, In preference to the lock canal, which would be ready for business in about one-fourth the time. The interest of the Pacific Coast In- the canal has been on the wane since such wholesale re ductions have been made in ocean freights around the Horn. So long as the transcontinental rail roads have plenty of Eastern freight to form the nucleus for cargoes for their Oriental liners, Pacific Coast shippers will enjoy a good service and can get along much better without the canal than was the case several years ago. before the Oriental trade began to di vide honors with that which we carried on with Europe. In the East and South, however, the canal is a vital question, and not until Its completion will the merchants of -the Atlantic sea board be on anything like even terms with Pacific Coast operators in the same HneH. For this Teason there will probably be plenty of opposition to the water-level canal, or any other plan that will tend In the slightest degree to lengthen the time of completion of the work which Is to join the two oceans and the two "Easts." SHOCKING THE PUBLIC. Henry Walcott Boynton, one of the younger American critics, published re cently a volume of essays entitled "Journalism and Literature." In the essay which gives its name to the col lection Mr. Boynton makes an attempt to define journalism and literature and to explain the essential difference be tween them. So far as a careful read ing of the essay shows, the critic's ex planation of the difference between the forms of expression amounts to saying that one is journalism and the other lit erature. Journalism Is journalism, lit erature Is literature, and there you are. There Is prevalent a general Impres sion that in the monthly magazines one Is more likely to find literature than In the columns of the dally press, and this Impression, like any other firmly made upon the public mind, Is not with out basis. Blackwood's and the At lantic Monthly are magazines In which one finds. If not literature, at least the literary flavor. Yet the casual reader is less and less likely to "breathe the pure serene" of literature in the periodi cal press today, and increasingly likely to breathe the dusty air of journalism. For some reason or another dollars. probably magazine editors are at pres ent striving for the leadership In jour- Tialldtle exnlolts. Their ambition is above all to be topical, to be "down to date." Not that this is an undesirable manifestation. The reason for "point ing with regret" Is rather In the lengths tn -which this desire leads. It Is not enough now for a magazine to be top ical: it must needs be sensational, and we may yet have the monthlies getting out flaring extras. There Is no lack of illustrations: The latest Is to be seen in the December Rnokman of all places. Therein, one Richard W. Kemp writes as follows: A rather startling lnstanco of editors ahd owners combining to decelvo tho public was seen when President McKlnley waa ehot. It was known at once to many, that he could not live; yet the newspapers of the country suppressed the truth and kept the raUon In susDcnse and groundless hope until editors and owners alike could protect themselves against the inevitable slump In stocks. This Is the apothesis of balderdash. As the New York World remarks, Mr. Kemp "should never have been allowed to escape from his keepers to impose upon a too credulous editor." It will be observed that these magazine ar ticles are usually attacks upon some person or thing. The public will crowd to see a man horsewhipped, DUt snow little interest in the dressing of his wounds. McClure's belabors various political organizations and occasionally the whole American people, as in the article on "The Increase of Lawlessness In the United States." Leslie's thwacks the "Theatrical Trust." Everybody'3 pounds the "System," that nebulous punchlng-bag upon which Thomas W. Lawson, of Boston, takes his dally ex ercise. In short there is a very whirl wind of blows from bludgeons, stuffed clubs and fools bladders. All these attacks may be Justified. It is the "yellow" treatment of them that is ob noxious. Too much sarcasm deadens the public's sense of hearing. Such a staid newspaper as the Chicago Post says of "Frenzied Finance": What is Mr. Lawson' real object? Must it be Inferred from the results of his warnings and advice, by the fleecing of the laroba who have been driven Into Wall street by his ap parent frankness? Is he elmply acting as a tipster for wall street and "We system, or Is he merely a quack doctor of the anancisi body who Is using printer's Ink as many quacks have done slnca this ink was Invented? Another sign: When the editor of a magazine has obtained a sensational article he must advertise it in a sensa tional way. He must cry his wares in an elaboration of the newsboy's "here y are horrible murder and sooiclde." The ordinary make-up will not do, and only limitations of space exclude the box-car type of the yellow dally. The upper-case supplies the- emphasis that the words themselves lack. Frank A. Munsey prefaces his remarks on Presi dent Roosevelt in the November issue of his magazine with the statement that "juBt now Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Parkor furnish a theme of TREMEN DOUS NEWS VALUE for a magazine or newspaper article," and adds that our editors asked me to write some thing about Mr. Roosevelt or Mr. Par ker, or both, urging that MUNSEY'S MAGAZINE OUGHT TO BE IN ON THIS' GREAT CIRCULATION MAK ING PUBLIC PLUNDER." But it is hardly fair to pay too strict attention to what a man. says IN HIS OWN MAGAZINE (how easily the sky scraper stylo might grow upon one) for then that great word-producer, J. B, Walker, of the Cosmopolitan, might lose his circulation. Complete figures on the Presidential election, from all the states, printed 10 day, show that Roosevelt received 56.5 of the total vote. The records from 1824 on show that this is a new record. An drew Jackson In 1828 received almost exactly 56 per cent of the total vote. and In 1832 almost exactly 65 per cent. Lincoln in 1864 fell a bare trifle short of 56 per cent, and Grant in 1872 had 55.6 per cent. They are Roosevelt's nearest rivals. As for more recent Presidents. Hayes won with 48 per cent, Garfield with 48, Cleveland with 49, Harrison with 48, Cleveland with 48 and McKlnley with 51 both times. Par ker received but 37.6 per cent of the total, and he makes a low' record, as Roosevelt does a high one. Even Gree ley had 44 per cent of the popular vote, If Governor Douglas, of Massachu setts, wants Lleutendnt-General Nelson A. Miles, retired, for his Adjutant-Gen eral, he will not be prevented. The War Department has intimated that it will not Interfere. Governor Douglas says he will make the request "after hls Inauguration." .Douglas evidently wants to cut some small figure himself at his own -Inaugural parade. As a re tired LIeutenant-3eneral, Miles gets 53250 per year. Now, having been as signed to duty by the War Department ("hy direction of the President"), he will get the full pay of his rank, $11,000. Besides, Massachusetts will pay him 5360O. That's better than running- for President on the Prohibition ticket. Because the constitution provides that a bill must pass both houses of the Legislature, some of the new mem bers at each session get the idea that a bill must be Introduced In both houses. At the last regular session, a number of bills were prepared In du plicate and one copy introduced as a Senate bill and the other as a House bill. In one or two instances serious trouble resulted, and In every Instance there was needless expense for print ing and unnecessary encumbering of the records. Confusion will be avoided If legislators remember that a bill need be Introduced in but one house, and that time is lost rather than saved by introducing it in both houses. The Kentucky Court of Appeals by a vote of four to three has granted Caleb Powers a new trial his fourth. Three resulted In his conviction. Twice he was sentenced to imprisonment for life; the third time to death. It is nearly flve years since Goebel was shot (Feb ruary 3, 1900), and Kentucky has had time to recover Its equilibrium. It ap pears to he a fact that most people In Kentucky believe Powers guilty; but most people outside think he has been convicted mainly by the Democratic party. Madison Welch, expert engineer, em ployed by the special committee of the Executive Board to report on the 'Morrison-street bridge, says that "the con tractors have fully complied with the requirements of the plans and specifica tions for said bridge, so far as the size of material is used." It Is- a relief to know that there Is one great public work in Portland that Is to be as sound in fact as It appears on paper. The purpose of the mass meeting at the Marquam Grand today Is to empha size the demand for honesty In munici pal government and for enforcement of the law. No good citizen can fail to sympathize with that object, and, as there are a great many good citizens in Portland, no doubt the meeting will be well attended. The Mormons in Idaho all voted for Gooding for Governor, but all did not vote for Roosevelt. So we have It on unimpeachable Democratic testimony at the Smoot Inquiry. Can it be possi ble that race suicide as a campaign principle is not all It is cracked up to be? The Sir Edward Clarke who is ap pearlng for America ;in the Greene Gaynor case at London is the same, Sir Edward Clarke of Usonia fame. That shows how forgiving we are. The total tax fevy a year ago was 40 mills, and for 1905 it will be about S3 It Isn't much difference, but it's in the Xisht .direction. NOTE ANN COMMENT. A Spokane editor had an attack of typhoid fever, and as a result is to marry the nurse who took care ot him. Life must be very attractive to him for him to be grateful for having It saved at such a cost. Seattle Argus. There's an old saying about not hit ting a man when he's down, but women apparently pay no heed to it. These trained nurses have added a new terror to sickness. The unfortunate bachelor doesn't know whether he will be car ried from his bed to the grave or to the altar. Portland's diacusslon.on the question of the preacher's" being worthy of what he can get has attracted the attention of the Seattle Argus, which says: "A Portland minister made a charge of $5 for delivering a funeral address. He hasn't been paid, and threatens suit. If his remarks were on the same lines as majority of such addresses the de fense will doubtless be that he didn't speak the truth." Glasgow is considering the advisa bility of marooning all her chronic drunkards on a lonely islet in the Heb rides. Just think of the feelings of a lot of thirsty Kilties when they wake up the morning after on a blooming island surrounded by salt water. Such punishment Is too severe to suit the humanitarian spirit of the age. With democratic interest in Grand Dukes how superior they must feel to mere Dukes we are always glad to run Lacross scraps of Information concerning grand-ducal peculiarities. A foreign letter conveys tho exciting news that the Grand Duke of Hesse is devoted to needlework. When the G. D. has begun a good piece of work he frequently breakfasts In bed says the letter and stays between the blankets until he has put in the last stitch. How perfect ly sweet! And this exemplary G. D. had the misfortune to marry a boisterous woman who was fond of prancing about on horseback. No wonder he got a di vorce. We have only one suggestion to offer the G. D. Why not give up fancy work, which is frivolous at best, and tako to something useful such as darn ing socks? A new order of nobility ought to be formed, the Knights of the Darned Socks or something ot that kind, and it might become highly fash ionable to knit nit? Missouri is to have a big exhibit at the Lewis and Clark Fair. Missouri is going to show us. Algiers has just had a $40,000 fire. That's a good way of letting the world know that there was $40,000 worth of property there. The Russian sailor from the Askpld, who killed a Chinaman in Shanghai Is to bo court-martialed. This 'looks as if the Russians were straining inter national courtesy to an excessive de gree. Hall Calne. in a recent speech, said: "I am a Republican, a Democrat, a So cialist and a Monarchist." As, he didn't add novelist, .wo won't dispute his as sertion. A Dayton farmer kept $6030 in a trunk. As usual there was a run on the bank. The robbers have not been caught. Henry J. Lawson, a frenzied financier. has been sentenced to one year's hard labor by a London court. It's one of the strangest things in the world, how Judges are unable to appreciate the fine frenzy" of a promoter. They won't even accept a plea of Insanity. It's utterly inconceivable, of course, that Greene and Lawson had a secret understanding all along. William L. Elklns left a beggarly $31,000,000. And yet he bluffed the world Into thinking that he never knew what it was to find the cupboard empty when he came home from work. "Nan Is just the same either wa7,' remarks the Boston Herald. Can't tell whether she'a-comlng or going, in other words. With a little care one can always be sure of getting a rise out of Boston. Here is a paragraph from the Herald: Tho latest foreign critic of Americanisms asks why wo Bay plurality, when we mean majority. Well, one reason Is, we don't. In tho current number of the National Review is an article on "The German Press by " To be in line with the best publications, The Oregonlan has spared no expense in arranging for important articles by I I I; ? ? 7; &. &. Sc; $ $ $ and . Precisely because It is hone of our business, we wish that Miss Alice Roosevelt were married. Then we shouldn't have to read a lot of trash about her suitors and her intentions, which, as we have remarked, are nono of our business and therefore uninter esting. Let it be plain American citi zen or let it be embroidered Crown Prince, but for heaven's sake let It be somebody soon. Raisull has been banditing again. His lack ot civilization is shown by the fact that he didn't insert telegraphic adver tisements of his intended raid In all the available newspapers. Three persons were killed by a fire in a New York house because of the ab sence of fire-escapes. If only the owners of the building could find no fire-escapes from the brunt of justice, there would be less cause for regret. The Baltic fleet has apparently gone into retirement. Taking the Keeley cure, may be. In ail the zeal of a first annuaf report, the State Board of Health goes after the persons that spit upon the side walks. It is to be feared that persons will still bo spitting upon the sidewalks when the members of the State Board of health are pacing the golden streets. A Monastir wedding party resulted In the massacre of 13 persons by the Greeks. Evidently America is not the only coun try In which the charivari is carried to excess. Bad news from St. Louis. The only Jabour says that the concession-holders dn the Pike nearly all lost money. The owner of Jerusalem couldn't bamboozle 'em into pungllng up enough to pay ex penses. The Boer War staggered Its pro moters, and how Mysterious Asia man aged to exist remains a "mystery. Tho Galveston Flood submerged its owner, and Creation created nothing but a deficit. But all will be different on the Trail, say3 Jabour. It's an awkward girl that stubs her mistletoe, v. WEXFORD JONES. Yankees saw the building of a city 1 )