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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (March 8, 1903)
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, MARCH 8, 1903; tee xzQovdtca. XcUre4 at tie Pottofflce at Portlar-d.- Oregon, as secoad-class xaatter. 'REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (portage prepaid, ia advance) IaUr, -with Sunday, per month ..S0.S5 Dally. Sunday excepted, per year-, 7.50 Dally, with Sunday, per year 8.00 Sunday, per year ....... 2.00 The Weekly, per year ; The Weekly, 3 months - -SO To City Subscribers Dally, per week, dellve4. Sunday exeepted.ISc ally, per week, delivered. 8ndy taclnaed.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: JO to 3 4 -page rjaper ......-lc 14 to 28-page paper. Foreign rates double, Jews or discussion Intended for publication to The Oregoalan should be addressed Invaria bly ""Editor The Oregoalaa." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relatinc to adver Ulag, subscription or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregoalaa." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake" to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici tation. Jfo stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. istera Business Office, 42. 44. 43. 47. 48. 9 Tribune building. New York City: 510-11-12 Tribune building. Chicago: the S. C Beckwith Special Agency, Eastern representative. For sale la Eaa Francisco by L. E. 3e. Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 230 Sutter street; P. W. Pitts. 1008 Market street; J. K. Cooper Co.. 746 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news tad; Frank Ecott. SO Ellis street, and N. WheaUey. 813 Mission street. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 369 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 00 South Spring street. For sale In Kansas City. Ma, by Rlcksecker Cigar Co.. Ninth and Walnut streets. For sale la Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald. S3 Washington street. For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1612 Famam street; Megeath Stationery Co., 1308 Farnam street. For eaJo ia Ogden by TV. G, Kind. 114 23th street; Jas. H. Crockw'ell, 542 25th strer-t. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co., 77 West Secoad South street. For sale In Washington. D. C, by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale In Denver, Colo., by Hamilton & Xenarick, 900-912 Seveateeath street: Lou than Jackson Book and Stationery Co.. Fifteenth and Lawrence streets; A. Series, Sixteenth and Curtis streets. TO DATS WEATHER Cloudy, with rain or now; winds mostly southerly. TESTEBDAT'S WEATHER Maximum tem perature, 48; minimum temperature, 41; pre cipitation. 0.21 inch. FORTJjAXD, SUNDAY, MARCH S, 1003. PERSISTENCE OF LANGUAGE. Language Is the subtlest Instrument ever played on. by man. Its variations we illimitable that is, they are limited only by the powers of the human "mind and soul, In ell possible situations. The power of words or speech exceeds that of music, because language is more than music and even includes music Lan guage, In the hands of a master, is preg nant with every meaning. A nation's language is at once an ex pression and a mould of Its character, reflecting from century to century the development of Its civilization and its advance In Intellectual and moral cul ture, la learning and refinement. The flexible Greek tongue was the product and the Instrument of the subtle Greek intellect. The distinctive qualities of the classic speech of the Roman declare the dignity and the virile energy which were inseparable from the old Roman ideal of manhood. Our English speech is what our character has made it, and in Its turn end In Its reflexive force it upbuilds and sustains the character of the people who use it. In every lan guage there 5s something that is un translatable Into any other words and phrases which t:onvcy shades of thought, sentiment or feeling, and also of moral meaning, for which there are no exact equivalents In any other tongue. Every people that has developed a language Is passionately devoted to its own speech; and eradication of a "mother tongue," when attempted by force, is one of the most difficult of all processes and one that excites that strongest opposition and kindles the deepest resentment. It is easy; then, to understand why "the language question" has recently excited so much feeling In some parts of Europe. Victor Hugo says somewhere that a nation's identity cannot be "de stroyed as easily as a name embroidered in a handkerchief can be picked out with a. needle. Russia and Germany, In their efforts to render the peoples under their sway "homogeneous," are endeav oring to extirpate the native language, the mother tongue. In various countries they have conquered; yet, though the power they use is despotic, they make little headway. Language is perhaps the most stubborn of the difficulties with which the conqueror has to deal. As long as a people lives In its father land and speaks its mother tongue its patriotism will survive. Poland has been dismembered, and it might be said of her, as it used to be said of Italy, that her name Is now a geographical expression and nothing more, but the Poles possess in their common speech a bond of union and a key to the aspira tions of their history. Their nationality remains intact, though their territory has been divided and their government has passed into alien hands. It is not strange, then, that they resent the effort to displace their tongue, the cherished heritage of the race, by enforcement of a foreign language in their common speech. A German Chancellor has charged that the agitation of this ques tion in Poland Is, In effect, an attack on the integrity of the German Empire; and In Alsace and Lorraine also the policy of repression of the native lan guage is pursued by Germany with equal Telentlessneas. Russia does the same in Finland. Doubtless It is the necessary policy of empire, which we also are pursuing, but more gently and chiefly by persuasive means. In the Phil ippines; but whatever may be said of the policy. It Is Impossible not to feel some sympathy with those who are subjected to Its sway. The English have been pursuing a elmllar course in Malta. There the lan guage la largely Italian; but the desire ie to convert the Island completely into an English colony, and as a means to this end substitution of the English lan guage for the Italian Is being pressed as rapidly as possible. Even the right to hold public meetings In opposition to the policy has been checked at times, If not absolutely restrained. English only is taught In the schools. But, in spite of all repressive measures, the native language persists in Malta, as elsewhere In similar circumstances. We are. In deed, making good progress with the in troduction of our American-English in the Philippines, though Spanish also and to an extent native languages are permitted In the schools. But, Judging Jrom historical experience, a very long time must elapse, before -our language will obtain an actual paramountcy in the Islands. Recent disclosures show that the In dlan War veterans of Oregon have not bea entirely unrewarded by the Gow ernment for past service. On the con trary, a total of nearly 54.5W.000 has been disbursed for their benefit as vol unteers of "the Indian Wars of 1S55-1S5S. This fact disposes af the statement that these brave men were dealt with by the Government In a spirit of parsimony if not of absolute neglect, and gives color of truth -to the further statement that the sum of $100,000 appropriated for their benefit by the late Legislature will square- all .accounts as far es regular pay for regular services goes, between them and the Government. This Is, of course, exclusive of the pensions that they- will "receive under a late act of Congress, the first Installment of which is now overdue. It Is the province of the Government to be just that of the citizen to be appreciative. Both of these conditions. will, we trust, be in time fulfilled in this case. THE PRESIDENT OF MEXICO. Public meetings in behalf of the re election of President Diaz will be held all over the Republic of Mexico on the 2d of April next, President Diaz. is in his 73d' year, and, measured by his public career, deserves to be placed in the first rank of the world's living statesmen, for he has built up his fatherland and brought it to the front among the nations of the earth. When the famous Santa Ana in 1854 pro claimed himself dictator -of Mexico and ordered a plebiscite to approve and af firm his dictatorship, Diaz, then a ris ing young lawyer of Oaxaca, was one of the very few who refused to cast their votes for the dictator. He was ar rested and condemned to summary exe cution, but he escaped and joined the revolutionary band of Herrera. Santa Ana was finally driven from the capital in August, 1855, and died In exile. This revolution brought to the top Juarez, wht first opened the way In Oaxaca for the advancement of Diaz. In the long struggle between the Lib erals under Juarez and the church party Diaz fought cn the side of the friend of his youth, until Juarez was at last established as President of the Repub lic. Diaz had risen to the rank of Brigadier-General, and won the reputation of being a most daring and effective fighter. When the French invaded Mex ico In 1882, General Diaz commanded the army of Juarez. He was defeated and made prisoner in June, 1863. Juarez became a fugitive, and In 18S4 Maximil ian of Austria entered Mexico as Em peror. The "United States forced the French to evacuate Mexico, and Jin April, 1867, General Diaz carried the City o Puebla by storm and captured the City of Mexico In June of the same year. In 1871 General Diaz headed . a revolution against his old friend and ally, Juarez, who had drifted into a re actionary policy. Juarez died in . 1872, and under the Mexican law the Presi dency reverted to Sebastian Lerdo, then president of the Supreme Court. In 1876 .General Diaz headed an insurrec tion against the government, which re sulted In the resignation of President Lerdo and the occupation of thfr capital by General Diaz, who declared himself provisional President of the Republic, and In May, 1877, the Congress 'of Mex ico declared him constitutional Presi dent Since that date General Diaz has been the real ruler of Mexico, although from 1880 to 1S84 his intimate friend and ally was President a second -term for General Diaz being then Illegal. For thirty years before he became President, in 1877, General Diaz had been a soldier, engaged In constant fighting, and by his supreme soldiership he had made . himself the ruler of a ter ritory of three-quarters of a million square miles, expelling foreign invasion and defeating all his rivals for the Pres idency. Men of such exclusively mar tial training and talent do not often make progressive statesmen; but Diaz has built up the prosperity of his coun try "and developed a wide and increas ing national culture. When he came into power Mexico had barely nine mil lions of inhabitants; it has today four teen millions. The exports of Mexico have risen In this time from 530,000,000 to 5150,000,000; the imports from $30,000, 000 to $65,000,000. The 2000 miles of rail road which Mexico had in 18S2 have been increased to 10,000 milea The tele graph system haB been increased by more than 40,000 miles of new lines, three-quarters of which belong to the government, and the larger Mexican cities have been modernized by the con struction of telephones, electric lighting, tramways, water supply and drainage works. There are 12,000 free schools in Mexico, with an enrollment of 800,000 children, and in these schools the Eng lish language is taught. Diaz has given Mexico free education, free ballot, free press and honest and progressive gov ernment Mexico is a federation of twenty-eight states end two territories. Each state enjoys-shome rule, sending Congressional representatives and two Senators to the Federal Assembly. An able soldier In war, a matchless admin istrator in peace, Diaz is In the annals of Mexico what Peter the Great was to Russia, what Cromwell was to Eng land. TUB BIRD LAW. Not only all bird-lovers, but practical men who have looked upon bird life with observant .and therefore appreci ative eyes, will rejoice In the enactment of a law by the late Legislature for the protection of wild birds. There are some birds that do not pay their way as they go; feathered thieves who are under the ban of the moral law and the law of crop protection as well, and these have been given over to justice and the tanner's gun. But all barm less birds are Included in the law, and gunners and others are duly warned under certain penalties to let them live. The English house sparrow Is, of course. under this ban, as Is also the crow, the owl, the bluejay and hawks of all de scriptions. The first is a general nuis ancepredatory, pugnacious and alarm ingly prolific; the others have bad char acters as depredators upon grain crops and despollers of chicken yards and of the nests of other birds. They are not wholly without admirers, however, and bold their place among creatures that recall in many .minds the scenes of childhood in far-away lands. The hawks, though fond of chicken served warm with feathers for garnish meet, have their friends among the more practical of bird-lovers, who as sert that they are useful as destroyers of field mice and other vermin, and very seldom, relatively speaking. Indulge their taste for chicken. In support of this view they cite the experience of Pennsylvania farmers, who some ten or a dozen years ago caused a law for the destruction of hawks to be enacted. Unlike very many other laws. It was executed, rigorously, with the result that so-called chicken hawks were practical ly exterminated in that state. It is re garded as quite significant that a law for the extermination of -field mice fol lowed in due course of legislation, sup ported by the statement that these pests had Increased "enormously In recent years, or as the friends of "the Tiawks have it since the hawk bounty went into effect But whatever excuse there may be for killing feathered creatures that have "been taken in predatory acts, there is certainly no excuse "beyond that of wan ton destructlveness for killing the birds for whose protection this law was en acted. A blrdless landscape Is not quite so desolate as a childless home, but it is on. the same order of loneliness. In this view we may well be glad that a law ample In its scope for the protection of wild birds has been enacted; that It car ried an emergency clause and is now In force. Insuring proper protection to the nest-bullders of the Spring, and that the. penalty for its violation Is so strin gent Perhaps this law will do what careless parents have signally failed to do make the predaceous small boy re spect the livesv. nests and eggs of wild birds. A GRATEFUL TRUCE. The public waits with much interest and some anxiety the findings of the Coal Commission. The great strain of the coal strike Is now nearly a year old; Its losses have been enormous. Its incon veniences great and the suffering that It has inflicted has been widespread. The bitterness that the strike and the causes that led up to it have engendered the hatreds that have been intensified, the unreason that has been begotten these are effects that it Is beyond the best efforts of thebest men to dispel. Time will, however, soften these as perities, unless, indeed, time renews the strike. The discontent chronic, all-pervading that possesses the people of the "nine hard-coal counties" of Pennsyl vania, leaves little to hope for in the way of a permanent settlement of the miners' grievances. A truce, prolonged by mutual consent for a term of years, la the most that can be expected. If during this quiescent- period -conditions can be altered to meet -the require ments of humanity on the one hand and appreciation upon the other; If the spirit of violence can be eliminated from trades-unions and that of arrogance from the employers' organization; if miners learn that the exercise of mag nanimity toward them does not mean utter capitulation to their demands, and owners leam that the best that Is in labor loyalty and conscientious en deavor cannot be forced, but must be cultivated by just and generous treat mentthen the truce Imposed by the Coal Commission will perpetuate itself and the two great elements In the coal mining Industry will fuse In mutual good-will and profit Is this too much to expect of the em battled forces now resting with ill-concealed animosity upon their arms? Possibly, since the vice of unreasoning stubbornness rules in the attitude of each toward the other, and with wordy proclamation of right, from points of view widely divergent, states its case. Chronic unhappiness expresses the con dition in which the miners live chronic self-sufnclency the condition of the em ployers. In the meantime, however, a truce be tween the discordant forces that pro duce coal will be grateful to the Inter ests represented by the grand army known as coal consumers. Whatever the findings of the commission, the pop ular verdict must be that these have been dictated by a spirit of fairness as between man and man. Acquiescence therein being assured by the terms that brought the commission Into life, the public and the vast and varied inter ests that hinge upon the coal supply will, appreciate even a brief term of guaranteed peace In the anthracite dis trict ONE TRIUMPH OP STEAM. The celebration last week of the fifti eth anniversary of the territorial birth of the State of Washington largely in volves, of course, the story of the set tlement and civic. organization of Ore gon. The natural thought in reading the story of the settlement and growth of Oregon and Washington is the vio lent yet happy contrast presented by the experience of the pioneers of these Pacific States and those of the Atlantic Coast The story of the hardships en countered by the pioneers of New Eng land not only Included the forbidding Winter climate, the presence of the In dians, who soon became a terrible foe, but they were greatly aggravated through the difficult and perilous com munication with the mother country, from which only could be obtained arms, ammunition, tools and any of the comforts of life. The Puritan, could not starve in a land that abounded ltr flsh and game, and he need not lack clothing In a lard where deerskins and other peltry were easily obtained; there was no lack of fuel and timber, and yet so Illy prepared were the Puritan pio neers for their adventure that the mor tality among the women and children that first dreadful Winter was frightful. Dr. Oliver Wendell .Holmes was dis posed to think that the "great white plague" of New England, consumption, dated from the first years of the New England colony, when Us wives and daughters suffered greatly from expos ure to the weather, from unwholesome diet from confinement in small and badly ventilated habitations. The Puritan pioneer could not easily supply the loss of arms or of the ax of the woodman and the agricultural Im plements of the farmer. He had no portable steam sawmill. The only white persons he could trade with were those of Virginia, with whom he exchanged furs for corn, and later the colonists of the Island of Manhattan. So difficult was transportation that, de spite the exceptional vigor and en ergy of the New England settlers, the town of Boston contained more than 150 years after Its foundation not more than 20.000 people. The New England folk were natural-born traders. They carried their codfish and lumber to the West Indies and exchanged It for rum, and sugar; they carried their furs to England; they were a restless, Indus trious, hardy raoe of farmers. lumber men and sailors; and still New Eng land's growth was relatively slow com pared with that of the Pacific Coast, be cause In those days the force of steam had not been applied to transporta tion by land and water. The applica tion of steam to land and water trans portation had become thoroughly "under stood and established by 1S40, when the pioneer settlers of Oregon and Wash ington began to turn their faces to the Pacific Coast It Is true that this revolution In trans portation did not help the settlers who made the overland trip to the Pacific; but when they reached the Pacific Coast they were in a few years within con venient water communication by sail and steam with San Francisco. If water power was not accessible, a. portable steam sawmill or gristmill could be set up. The important necessaries and com- forts of life were obtainable by sailing vessels thai came around the Horn. The : Western Oregon, pioneer did not have to wait many years before he was In a state of easy supply of the comforts ; and necessaries of life superior to that enjoyed by New England when Wash ington was elected President Not be fore 1S25 did the Atlantic States have ample communication by ocean steam ers with Europe; not before 1S3S did railway communication become wide spread throughout the region of New England and the. Middle States; not until 1844 was the electric telegraph set up In America. ThexearJ.840 therefore was a happy time for the beginning of the first important exodus of emigrants to the Pacific Coast of Oregon, for. while these immigrants were not able to carry with them at once all the ac cumulations of the civilization of the Atlantic Coast, they knew that they would not be many years without them. They knew that the ocean steamer would soon Invade the Columbia and Puget Sound; they knew that steam railway transportation and the electric telegraph would soon be added to their civilization; they knew that they were going to a land of mild Winters, a land of fertile soil, a land rich ki forest wealth, a land whose waters were teem ing with the finest food fishes of the sea, a land whose woods were full of wild game. Compared with the New England seaboard, such a land implied little hardship In Its first years of settle ment; and It required small foresight In a man who knew the facts concerning the climate, soli and natural resources of Washington and Oregon to decide fearlessly to make his home on the western coast So rapidly did the new country develop that by 1B1S-49 Oregon had a trade with the goldseek ers of California. Not many years elapsed before there was regular steamer communication with California. Rail way communication followed, and by 1869 the "Union Pacific Railway spanned the continent and with the O. R. & N. gave to Oregon an unbroken line of transportation to the East In a little more than twenty-five years after the formation of the provisional government of Oregon ail these great results had followed. Everything that the Oregon pioneer had left behind him had caught up with him. He had ample steam communica tion by both land and water with the Atlantic seaboard; he had a transconti nental telegraph; he had all the com forts and all the luxuries that his money could buy as much at his com mand as if he had been, a resident of New York or Boston, and all this had taken place between 1843 and 1869. When we remember that this first over land exodus from the Middle West to Oregon was undertaken at a time when the territory between the Mississippi ard the Rocky Mountains was described as "a comparative desert which Inter poses a barrier to the progress of the American people westward," In the lan guage of the great novelist Fenimore Cooper, at a time when even Daniel Webster in debate spoke contemptu ously of the future of Oregon Terri tory, the story of the growth of Oregon and Washington between 1843 and 1S69 reads like a romance. Its explanation Is the force of steam applied to land and water transportation so thoroughly the world overknee 1840. Take .away the application of this force of steam to the operations, of. life, .revert to the conditions that surrounded Cooper in 1825, and we should have today "be tween the Mississippi and the Rocky Mountains a comparative desert Inter posing as a barrier to the progress of the American people, westward." Complaint Is made by those Interested that the business of fruit stands has suffered serious decline on account of the order prohibiting the display of their wares on the sidewalks and In exposed places. This Is probably true, but there Is reason to expect a reaction in favor of dealers when the public gets used to the new order of things. Not a few people have.! elt a sense of relief be cause of this order during the past week, In which the boisterous east wind has been distributing germ-laden dust upon everything In eight. Habit is strong. That of sidewalk display of fruit and green vegetables was an old one and hard to break. Vendors had, indeed, come to Tegard such display as one of their vested rights, and some of them regarded the order compelling Its discontinuance as an unwarrantable in terference in private business. Most of them, however, obeyed cheerfully, and In due time It Is hoped that the habit of going Inside to buy will be established The fruit, nut and candy habit Is strong, and It 13 not likely that it will suffer more than a brief check on ac count of the withdrawal of sidewalk displays. The gain in health and in the neat, wholesome appearance of the city will be a decided one, and it Is not likely that It will long militate against the legitimate profits of trade. The pope has appointed Monslgnore Stanley as coadjutor to Cardinal Vaughan, Archbishop of Westminster. Monslgnore Stanley, Jlke Cardinal New man. Cardinal Manning and many other English Catholic prelates, started out In life as a clergyman of the Church of England. He is a younger brother of Lord Stanley of Alderley, was educated at Cambridge, and became rector of the Churcn of the Holy Cross. In London. Then he became a Catholic, vand was soon attached as a domestic prelate to the papal household. Monslgnore Stan ley, as coadjutor, will have the right of succession to Cardinal Vaughan as Archbishop of Westminster and primate of the Roman Catholic Church In Great Britain. An act to establish the office of State Forester has been Introduced Into the Massachusetts Legislature. The bill provides for the appointment of a State Forester Ay the Governor and Council for a term of three years at a salary of $100 a month and expenses, with an ap proprlatlon of not less than $5000 yearly The section concerning this officer's du ties reads: i The State Forester shall have full power and authority to do all acts that In his Judgment mar assist la the promotion of woodland and roadside tree growth, and la the protecUoa and Improvement of the forests of the common wealth, whether owned by the state or by Indi viduals; bat la no event shall he have power to Interfere -with any other state or town officer, r do an j- act which shall affect the rights of any Individual. The people of New Hampshire are to vote next Tuesday upon nine proposed amendments to the constitution of their state which were prepared by the late constitutional convention. One will con fer the right of suffrage- upon women. Another, which excited much Interest th the convention, relates to the regulation of trusts. A majority of the votes cast will legalize an amendment In no state east of the Mississippi River fio women now possess full suffrage privileges. SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS Oregon's Husky Eldest. Whatcom Reveille. Om fcalf century of Years don't weigh heavily on us. In, point of population aai development we have outstripped, eur par ent state of Oregon. 2fe Mere State DlTlaiom. Talk. Eugene Register, -rcith Th Daiips-Peiiio nortace railway in operation and an open river frara the head of navigation to. the sea. all talk of a division of Oregon will be at an end. Figs From Brambles. Olympla Olympian. According to the statement made by ex-Governor George B. Cole, who was a. member of the Oregon "Legislature of 5 years ago. factional strife In Oregon led to division and conseauent creaaon or Washington territory. Even if the division was due to a rather dubious motive, time has demonstrated that the Oregon mem bers wno votea ror aiviton as goa job. and nobody Is finding fault at this date. Refereno'am Would Be UnJaatlaMe. HUIsboro Argus. The fair win-be of vast benefit to Wash ington County, and It Is almost assured that the county would -not vote against the appropriation. In all llKelihooa it would carry by a considerable majority. Very few papers are asking for a refer ring of the affair, and most or these are so doing from a fit of pique. Considering that the fair will mean so much for this section, and realizing the importance of a bigger market for our fanners and dairy men, the Argus recedes from its position and thinks that referring would be an ex pense that a vote would not substantiate. Spokane's Population. Spokane Spokesman-Review. Spokane's population is near the 50,000 mark. The new city directory will con tain approximately 23,000 names. To these must be added 10,000 children of school age, about 4000 other children, SO00 mar ried and unmarried women not ustca in the directory. 3000 residents of HUlyaTd, Fort Wright and other suburban addi tions not in the city limits, and 2C0O tran sients and residents missed by the direc tory canvassers. This is believed to be a conservative calculation. Three hundred and fifty people were here when the Fed eral census was taken in 1SS0, so this handsome, progressive, cultured and wealthy center Is practically the product of 23 years of srowth and effort New York was founded in 1614. and when the census was taken li6 years later, in 1790, that town was considerably short of the Spokane of the present day, having 33,131 population. Ten years later It was a little larger thin Spokane today, having 60.4S9. So It may fairly be said that we are coming on. Malheur Will Exhibit Products. Malheur Gazette. The Union Depot at Portland Is going to maintain an exhibit of the products of each county for the benefit of Eastern visitors as they arrive In that city. Each county Is to be given a space In which to exhibit her products. Portland has pro vided all but the exhibit Itself, and It is up to each county to say what kind of an exhibit it shall have If any at all. If this county wants to show the Eastern visitor or prospective settler what we can pro duce in the way of grain, irulfnay. veg etables and minerals, we should get our exhibit ready. Many a man looking for a location will be Influenced by what he sees at this exhibit Can Malheur County afford not to exhibit, and If she puts up an exhibit can she afford to put up any thins except the best she is capable of? The people having charge of this matter want Ta. map of the county showing tnt condition of the various parts or the county in reference to her resources. This Is an Important matter to Malheur County and we believe she should get In line, as a good exhibit will influence many a man to locate here. Honor In His Own Country. Dalles Times Mountaineer. Securing decision of the department to establish an irrigation system in Oregon evidences the fact that Mr. Moody is an untiring worker for the state he has represented the past four years in Con gress. and had he accomplished nothing else, this alone would entitle him to credit. But since bis term as Congressman for the Second Oregon District expires tomorrow. and having declined to accept an appoint ment to office by the President as told in the Washington dispatches of last Friday, signifying his intention to retire to private life, return to his home In this city and devote himself to business, all may view his public career from a dispassionate standpoint and when this is done, it must be conceded that he has been a faithful public servant, a diligent and effectual worker for the interests of Oregon. While he may not have accomplished all his constituents expected of him, in fact he has not accomplished all for Oregon that he hoped to, neverthele he has done a great deal, perhaps more than any other Congressman Oregon has ever had, and he can retire from public life with honors. It Is to be hoped that his successor will be as untiring and successful a worker so he. Warning: Was Xot needed. Tacoma Ledger. An official of the Oregon Penitentiary recently scaled the walls In the night, moved about at his leisure, and then climbed out again. He selected as ths point of transit the nlace where Tracy and Merrill had gone in making their escape. Of course he ran some risk, for he could not be assured that the guards were of the same sort that were killed by. the desperadoes, but this is the sort the guards proved to be. Naturally they were dismissed from their positions, as they deserved to have been. So would the former guards, had not the outcome been sudden and final. It is strange that the ghastly episode failed to convey a lesson. The fact leads to a suspicion that the Salem prison is loosely and badly managed. Oregon was discredited by ev ery detail of the break made by Tracy and Merrill. Not only was the escape without excuse, but the dilatory pursuit was whol ly Ineffective, and the rewards offered were withheld from' the people who Anally earned them. The burden of the chase fell to the authorities of Washington, and the courtesy was never acknowledged. It was thought however, that the Salem In stitution would be conducted as a prison rather than as a place where convicts might remain or which they might leave, as best suited their tastes. Tfceac Futile TMxiss. Whatcom Reveille. The Seattle Bulletin thinks that the bill aimed at the Associated Press should pass but ventures the prediction that It will not, because "the monopoly's lobbyists will kill it" As a matter of fact the "monopoly' has no lobbyists. The Asso ciated Press has no Interest In the bill. It is a New York corporation and can't be attacked in the state courts, as In tended In the bill under consideration. The Associated Press is a corporation or ganised with power to do but one thing, gather news, ir it were a corporation or ganized for the purpose of making bar rels none would dispute It the right to dis pose of its product in a market of its own choosing. The- Associated Press ia not e common carrier, for the very good reason that it Is not a carrier of any kind whatsoever. It has no power In -its articles of Incorporation to transmit news. to build, own or operate railroads or tele graph and telephone lines. It has power to do but one thing gather news. The news Is Its own property to dispose of as it likes. It chooses to dispose of the product it has gathered to Its own mem bers, and nowhere else. In so electing the Associated Press stands on Its own' rights. In attempting to force it to do otherwise the author of the bill In ques tion Is following numerous precedents. as not a year goes by but some state takes a futile fling at the Associated Press. TOUGHENING PROCESS FOR BABIES i Minneapolis Journal. : Over in Germany the scientists have; beea carrying om a series of experiments - in toughening babies, subjecting "them to extreme cold, both air -and water. After reviewing S. cases where the treatment was' vigorous, Herr Hecker, who Is a sci entist from way back; says the thing will not do, and that the toughened babies catch cote and become ill with greater fa cility than the lucky Infants who have not beea compelled to endure scientific treat ment The whole thins sounds a little barbar ous. There is as much discomfort and seemingly as little sense, in it as in one o those homes where they brine un ba bies by ruloL If you haven't been in such a home, be glad, for these rigid-rule ba bies are subjects for tears. The man of the house is generally a dyspeptic and has monkeyed with his stomach and ruined his disposition. The wife has nerves. There Is a thermometer in every room. and living is a serious, matter. The baby gets food at certain hours, and can yeli Hi it is blue In the race at other times without a sign of . compassion appearing on the stern faces of Its parents. There are hours for sleep and hours for wak ing. The Infant Is not rocked because It is not scientific, and in extreme Instances motncrlng Is barred and kisses tabooed for the same reason. It is a miserable situation all around, and ranks with the toughening process that has just been pronounced a failure in Germany. The old way of caring for babies the mother's way has relied little on rules, thermometers and clocks It has produced magnificent women and" strong men. Let's be glad that it is still the thing in most homes. The "Crown Iiaiids" Appropriation. Washington Star. It Is dilBcult to understand why. save on the ground of "charity, the Senate ap propriations, committee should now agree to pay Mrs. Lydia Domlms. formerly Queen of Hawaii, 5200,000 of the public money in lieu of all her claims for the so-called crown lands of Hawaii. "-Ever since her dethronement by the act of tha people of Hawaii Mrs. Domlnis has pressed this claim persistently, especially since the collapse of her hopes of a restoration to the tnrone by President Cievelano. Occasionally she has pleaded poverty and need, but the scale of thr establishment maintained by her has never strengthened that argument Technically there is no foundation whatever for her demand for reimbursement lor the lands which passed with the control of the state from the monarchy to the republic The lands were and are public property. They were used by the royal families of Hawaii as appurtenances of the royal es tablishment, as were the palaces and other accompaniments of rule. The Kings and Queens of Hawaii were not neces sarily succeeded by their Immediate blood descendants, the dying chief nominating his Successor. Thus the crown passed from one branch of the royal family to another, and with It the crown lands, and nothing In their history suggested that they were other than parts of the public domain. When 'Lllluokalanl ceased to be Queen she ceased to enjoy any in terest In them. She has evidently wearied the Senate into making this concession for the future peace of Congress. It may be a small price to pay for peace, but It Is "nevertheless a concession for which there is no sufficient warrant in the rec ords. There is, however, the consolation that this affair will hardly be likely to arise in later years as a bothersome pre cedent Celibates Undesirable. Kansas City Journal. There Js real cause for worry about the decreasing marriages. Healthy humans who attempt to live in a condition of celibacy are an undesirable quantity not from merely personal reasons, but be cause their life and Its example Is de structive of the foundation principle of a healthy society. The fact that they are increasing in numbers in the United States has been ascribed to many causes. It is charged that the young men avoid matrimony because, they do not feel able on their earnings to support their wives In the style they would like. It Is charged that the young women avoid matrimony because they shrink from the pain and toil of rearing children and prefer to live a butterfly life of fancied enjoyment knowing nothing of the deeper happiness contained in the family relation. But, confessing the truth of both these charges, it still is evident that society at large is guilty of some fundamental error or such conceptions of life and matri mony could not be had. The Lottery Decision. New York Herald. In the lottery cases Just decided the United States Supreme Court has divided as evenly as is possible on a momentous question involving the line between Na tional and state sovereignty. This ruling has an Import and reach which far tran scend the subject matter that gave rise to It The constitutional principle affirmed applies with equal force and directness to the regulation of trusts. If Congress has the power to bar lottery traffic from In terstate commerce- It has power to deal a like blow to trade monopoly. It may prevent one evil as well as the other from being spread over the country by means of Interstate transportation. It may say to trust monopolists as It has said to lot tery . dealers, "While you confine your operations In restraint ol trade within state bounds you are beyond the reach of Congress, but when you extend them across state lines and make them National you are subject to the law aimed against a National evlJ." Famine and Farm Labor. Farm, Stock and Home. The scarcity of farm labor in the United States and the famine In portions of Scan dinavia suggest that It would be a good thing to suspend for a time the law against the emigration of the contract labor, especially farm labor, and thus al low our fanners to send to those countries for the heln they so Badly need. By . a little assistance doubtless thousands of those sturdy young Norsemen could come here, would be glad to. and would make most excellent help from the start A prominent fanner of North Dakota, dur ing a recent visit to the office of F. S. & H.r said that 5000 farm laborers could find ready and profitable employment in that state alone this Spring. The legal barrier to the securing of farm labor abroad could be temporarily removed, at least with great advantage to many and without Injury to any. The Slave Pension Bill. St Louis Globe-Democrat Chairman Cannon, of the House commit tee on appropriations, says there is not the faintest chance that the slave pension bill will ever pa?s the House. Of course, there Is not Nor is there any chance that It could pass the Senate. Many bills of this general character have been Intro duced In one or the other branch of Con gress. All failed. All ought to have failed. Such a measure, if enacted, would be sure to take tens ot millions of dollars, prob ably hundreds of millions, out of the treasury. It would lead to the perpetra tion of wholesale frauds on the Govern ment and on the negroes. The swindles which have been perpetrated on the Gov ernment by the military pension laws, which statutes are proper and wise, would be. multiplied many scores of times in the case of a law to pension ex-slaves. If one were to dss. Inquisitive. r Cleveland Leader. Somebody wants to know if President Roosevelt will insist upon putting a large family plank In the next Republican platform. NOTE AND COMMENT. Tke lata! the ratal Urt teauUful rate! Over the mountains, over the plain. Over the housetops, over tha street. Over the heads o tha people we meet. Everywhere cheerlag. soothlag all pain. STJU till the Easter tirae, beauUful rata. United States Senator John W. Daniel, of Virginia. In aa address la Baltimore on "The Thoughts of Robert E. Lee," said that the 19th century produced five sol diers to whom the world has given the title of great these being Napoleon, Wel lington, Voa Jloltke, Grant ant Robert E. Lee. The handwriting of the clerks in the Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. Record er's oflice was so bad that the County Commissioners refused to pay for their services. That people who obtain and hold such ositloas through political pull should be expected to be competent 13 a new Idea. The Mayor-elect of Boston and the Mayor-elect ot Philadelphia have found it expedient to -leave the country tor the time intervening between their election and the date of their Inauguration. This summary way of getting rid of the wire pullers and office-seekers augurs well for the success of their administration. Hamlet Is to be tried In Chicago for murder. This is the plan adopted by students Of Chicago University to get settlement of the question as to the sanity of Shakespeare'a melancholy Dane. If ho has to choose between the gibbet and a Chicago asylum he will find hl3 lot worse than that of his lamented father. It U nearly five years sines Admiral Dewey and his men earned about $1,000,000 by a few hours of strenuous work In Ma nila Bay, but they have not been paid yet and will not be for at least another year. TheyVhave the decree of the Su preme Court In their favor, but it takes a Congressional appropriation to satisfy that. The latest cry for wives comes from Oklahoma. Dakota called to Indiana and Washington to Troy, N. Y., and It Is be lieved not in vain, but Oklahoma bache lors In their distress call- to the whole country, and will they call In vain? The picture they draw of their loneliness Ought to touch any spinster who Is will ing to help a man make home happy. In a Boston court the other day a little girL whose parents were suing for 520CO damages, was proved to have been bitten by a certain Scotch terrier owned by peo ple able to pay. A physician testified to having treated the alleged bite. Then the defense had Its Inning, and showed that the dog's teeth had all been pulled a week before the assault complained of. The court Is still thinking the matter over. The wild turkey is rapidly following the buffalo Into extinction. Two hundred years ago it was common over a vast area comprising more than one-half the present United States. t In the greater part of thl3 territory itt is now extinct and Is seldom to be found anywhere ex cept In the wilder parts of the range. How much longer it will remain on the list of living American birds depends upon the enforcement ot laws made to prevent Its total annihilation. Compared with the domestic turkey these, birds are somewhat slimmer in build, and the tips of their tails and tall coverts are chestnut Instead of white. In a few weeks there will be opened at Rome a very interesting establishment, the asylum founded by Verdi for musi cians in their declining years. It Is for both sexes, is replete with modern com forts, and attached to it are charming gardens. The apartments of the men and women aro entirely separate, but they will have saloon and dining-rooms In com mon. The men will wear a coat and soft,, hat similar to those usually worn by the founder. Attached to the establishment will be a Verdi museum, full of the per sonal belongings of the founder. There will be accommodations for 60 men and 40 women. The Prussian budget provides for tho construction of a new royal palace at Posen. This will bring the number ot tho Kaiser's residences up to 53. He has al ready the Chateaux of Bellevue and Mon Bijou and the Royal Palace In Berlin; the Royal Palace, the New Palace Babelsberg, Sans-Soucl, the Marble Palace, the Or angery, the Star Pavilion, Belvedere, Sac ro, Charlattenhof, Wlldpark, Paons and Alexandrowska, in Potsdam and neighbor hood; numerous shooting boxes through out the country, and Imperial residences at Hanover, Stettin, Breslau, Coblentz, Wiesbaden, Konlgsberg, Oanabruck and elsewhere. The Brooklyn Eagle Is responsible for the following stately rhyme, if a mind that works in such wlso may bo regarded as responsible: Ia the State of Hass., There lives a l&sa I love to go N. a No other Miss., . Can e'er. I Wis., Be half so dear to Me. K I is blue. And her cheeks the hue Ot shells where waters swash On her plnk-whlt? phlr There Nev. Ariz. Tho least complexion Wash. " could X win The heart of Minn., I'd aak for nothing more. But I oaly dream. Upon the theme. And Conn, it o'er and Ore." "Why Is it pray, I can't Ala. - This love that makes jneHht N. T., O,, Wy. Kan. Nev. Ver. L Propose to her my will? I shun the task 'Twould be to ask This geatle maid to wed. And so, to press My suit, I gutea Alaska Fa. instead. PLEASANTRIES OP PARAGRAPHERS Mrs. Klngley Tou say you like colored serv ants better than white because they are slower. How Is that? Mrs. Bingo It takes them long er to leave. Town and Country. Mrs. Brown You used to say you would risk your- life for me, and now you are afraid to discharge the cook. Mr. Brown It Isn't death I fear; it's mutilation. Glasgow Evening Times. "Yes, I am going to be a baseball umpire this coming season." "But you know people say some very harsh things to umpires," "Oh. I won't mind that. I'm a coal dealer at pres ent." Chicago Dally News. "What a mistake It-Is to Judge men by their clothes," "1 know it. There la a self-made millionaire In this town who dresses just as well and with. as much taste as any ot the clerks In his establishment" Chicago Record Herald. Tourist My friend Jenkins died here some months ago, you say. What of? Alkali Ike "Waal, I reckon ye might call It heart trouble. Tourist Heart trouble? Alkali Ike Yaa, it was a royal flush o' hearts that he showed dawn against Bad Bill's four acea. Falladel- -t rhla Frees.