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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Feb. 1, 1903)
THE SUNDAY -OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, FEBRUARY 1, 1903. relatives here and at Oakland, left Wed nesday lor her home In Grant's Pass. Mrs. C. L. Clevenger, after spending several days visiting her parents, Enoch Wlmberly and family, returned to Grant's Pass Tuesday. SIGNALS AND SIGNS OF THE INDIAN RUDYARD KIPLING AT CLOSE VIEW HOW SMOKE AND FIRE WERE USED TO CONVEY INTELLIGENCE IN TIMES OF WAR A CHARACTER SKETCH BY FREDERICK' WILLIAM UNGER, AUTHOR OF. "WITH BOBS AND KRUGER" WASIIINGTOjr. 22 PREVIOUS to the advent of clvtlli inr Influences the Indian had an elaborate system of signals, some of a friendly character, but the majority having reference to war. As time has passed, wars become almost unknown, and he engaged in more peaceful pursuits, many of his signs and signals have be come lost and tho present generation. . with few exceptions, have little or no knowledge of them as they were prac ticed from the time of our forefathers until the middle of the nineteenth, cen tury. The "smoke" flcnals were probably the most universal and best known. Many of the early settlers, who located far from the confines of civilization, wero ful ly competent to read and Interpret the most of them. "Fire" signals were also quite commonly employed, especially, by tribes Inhabiting a mountainous country. Signals by means of the branches of trees, arrows, Ftones and sticks wero less frequently used though they were by no means rare. Their Interpretation varied considerably, so much so that few whites over thoroughly understood them. Many were In reality purely local and pertained particularly to the tribe uslnjr them. This was not true of the "rmoke" anil "f.re" slsnals. These, with possibly a few others, were understood generally by all tribes of Indians. "Smoke" signals were made by means of a small fire, built of some material that would cause a quanltlty of smoke, with very little active combustion. The highest accessible butte or mountain was selected from which to send either these or "fire" signals. The commonly ac cepted statement that rings of smoke were causrd to ascend Is wrong. Prop erly speaking they were not rings, but rather puffs or balls of smoke. Occa sionally, on 'till days, a column of smoke was allowed to ascend. Primarily It was not a signal, but used principally to at tract attention. The ball, of smoke was produced by covering, momentarily, a sxnall lire, using a buffalo, "elk or deer hide, or In later days a blanket, remov ing the covering, permitting a pull of tmokc to escape and Immediately re-covering the lire. In thbj manner culte a variety of signals could be produced. One Ipuft of smoke at comparatively long Intervals meant "an enemy Is near." Two .puffs Indicated "a camp here." Three pufl'j quite near together, with a longer Inter tl between each set of three denoted "gri-t danger" or "attacked by encmyi" Foiir puffs. In pairs, with an appreciable Interval between the two pairs, signified "large band of enemy, help wanted." Some tribes varied this method of sig naling by building the number of separ ate "smokes," as they were called, re quired to express their meaning, as one, two or three. Such signals could be readily distinguished at from 10 to 39 miles and they were seldom confounded with camp, fires. The lookout or scout that was a necessary adjunct of every war party, especially when In a hostile neighborhood, rarely failed to see and re port all signals occurring within the lim it of bis vision. "Fire" signals were used for the same purpose at night and with from one to .four bright fires In line, the same mean ings were expressed as with tho "smoke" Btgaals during daylight. In the vicinity of Um section of country claimed as home, or where the larger number spent the "Winter months, there was usually some high butte or mountain called "sig nal hill," or. In at least one Indian tongue, "We-was-tos-po." From this eminence fire signals were always made and any event of Importance was quick ly communicated to the people. Signals from tils hill were almost Invariably made by order of the chief and their principal use was In calling the people together for a council meeting, a dance or fest. The Indian from whom this In formation was obtained stated that many of the mora experienced among the old people could readily distinguish If It was to be a war, scalp or sun dance. The same system of signaling was used at night by means of "fire arrows." though they could not be seen at so great a distance as the smoke or fire signals, yet a clever operator could make his wishes known without difficulty. One, two or three fire arrows had the same significance as an equal number of "smokes" or fire signals, with the addi tion that a number of arrows shot rapldly mto the air conveyed the Information that they were greatly outnumbered and that help was Imperatively required. The Indians made these arrows very Ingeni ously by wrapping the head of the shaft In a variety of slow burning, soft bark, which made quite a bright flame and lasted some length of time. In replying to any of these signals It was the custom to make the same signal as had been re ceived. In times of war no answer was ever returned for obvious reasons, but If possible the requested aid was dispatched as soon as It could conveniently be done. In mountainous countries signals, or, more properly speaking, elgns. were made by the use of stones. A band of Indians traveling and wishing or expecting others to follow, would frequently turn over stones, selecting those possessing a com paratively rounded base, with the other extremity as sharply pointed as possible, placing the point in the direction they were traveling. By this simple procedure they easily and surely marked the course taken to any who might encounter these signs. If they had found and were follow ing the buffalo, three small stones were placed on the surface of that which had been overturned. Two small stones indi cated that they were following a party of the enemy, while but one small stone in a similar position was given the same Interpretation! with the addition that they required assistance. A number of email sticks stuck In the ground near the large stone Indicated the number In the party, and a stick split In half was used by at least one tribe to express the number 10. As an Illustration, an Instance is recalled' that occurred a number of years since. A party of white men, on a hunting trip, met an Indian. Inquiry was made as to the probability of finding antelope at a butte distant some CO miles. He confi dently replied In the affirmative, and upon being' questioned as' to his reasons for supposing game existed there, answered that be had lust seen an Indian sign so stating, and at a little distance he prompt ly showed a pointed rock, weighing prob ably 20 pounds, with the 'point directed toward the butte In question. It was quite evident that It bad been recently turned over, and three small pebbles were lying on Its surzace. wltn nine short sucks fixed In the earth by Its side. The information conveyed to the Indian by thla sign was subsequently found to, have been correct Information corresponding to the above -was also given by means of the boughs of trees. A. large, low-hanging branch was partially broken off, turned hori zontally and fixed with the top pointing In the direction taken by the travelers. One. two or three of Its smaller branches, when broken so as to hang perpendicular, had meanings identical with the small stones. Signs made In this manner were quite commonly employed by the. tribes Inhabiting a heavily timbered country. especially the sign denoting the finding of game. The green boughs of trees were also almost universally regarded as em. blems of peace. A party approaching a hostile camp bearing these tokens were received with all the honors of war. "When their errand was finished, whether successful or not, they wero given safe conduct .out of the camp of their enemies. Many rears ago a young brave, overcome A SIOCX IXDIAX SIGXAIj SCOUT by hot blood and personal enmity toward one member of a party who were seeking to bury the tomahawk under this aborig inal flag of truce, wantonly shot an arrow through tho heart of his enemy. His tribe was so Incensed at this cruel breach of Indian etquette that he was completely ostracised, eventually banished, and Is to day an adopted member of another and totally distinct band of Indiana. A number of other signals and signs were In everyday use In the happy, hal cyon, palmy days of the red man, the days before he was confined to certain metes and bounds by advancing civiliza tion. Many of these survive even today. NEWS OF SOCIETY afternoon. Tho topic of 'Modern Wit and Humor" was discusped, with Miss Ba dollet as chairman of the afternoon. Mr. and Mrs. C. B. Harraden, of Alaska, have sone to Portland, after visiting Astoria friends and relatives. Mrs. J. D. Sutherland entertained a large number of her friends with a tea Thursday afternoon. Progressive euchre was played and prizes were won by Mrs. Frank Taylor, Haddock and Wlngate. Mrs. Sutherland was assisted in entertain. lng by Mrs. D. Allen and the Misses Suth erland. Pendleton. Miss Ida Thompson and Miss Stella Alexander are in Portland visiting friends. Mrs. Catherine Schoel. of Walla Walla, Is visiting her sister, Mrs. Caroline Grue llck. , I Mrs. T. W. Ayers and Mrs. E. A. Vaughan are visiting relatives and friends In Portland. Mr. and Mrs. Leon Cohen are home from Portland, where they have been visiting for two weeks. Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Fowler have re turned from The Dalles,, where they have passed several weeks. Mrs. J. R. Dickson entertained a few ladles Tuesday afternoon with thu game of progressive ping-pong. The Current Literature Club enter tained the various clubs of this city Friday afternoon at the home of Mrs. W. J. Furnish. Duplicate whist has become very pop ular among the ladles of Pendleton and a week never passes that there Is not a pleasant gathering of an afternoon to play this faclnatlng game. Medford. MUs Bertha McFherson, who has been conducting a millinery store at Sedro Wooley, Waeh., arrived recently for a few weeks' visit with her parents. Mrs. W. T. York and children -and Mrs. H. G. Nicholson left Sunday for San Delgo, CaL. where they will visit several months with their sister, Mrs. A, S. BU ton. Mrs. W. E. MacCauley and daughter, Mrs. Leon Howard, returned Monday from San Francisco, where they have been dur ing the past few months for the benefit of Mrs. Howard's health. Mr. nnd Mra E. D. Rood, of Heppner. Or., .arrived Wednesday to visit several days with Mr. and Mrs. R. H. Halley. They are en route to California, where they will visit during the Winter. Independence. Miss Bertha Sumner, organizer of Ladles of Woodcraft Circle, Is In tho city. Ross Nelson was a passenger to- Port land Sunday, to remain several weeks. D. B. Taylor, wife and daughter,, Miss Bessie, were Portland visitors this week. Dr. E. T. Harris, .of Wardner. Idaho. Visited his sister, Mrs. E. T. Henkle, this -week. , Rev. G. Howard Osborn, grand lecturer OF TUB EAItLY SEVENTIES. The sticks against the lodge door. Indicat ing "no one at home": one or more red 11Iow sticks fixed in the ground near tne door, denoting the number of "sleeps" that will elapse before the owner returns: the tops of the sticks denuded of bark for a ehort distance. Implying that some member of the family Is ill; the flying "medicine flag," giving evidence of sick ness, are all familiar examples of the minor signals of the present. A great host of these might be enumerated, many of them being In active use today, es pecially among the less civilized Indians. T. M. BRIDGES. Ross Fork. Idaho. CONTINUED FROM PAGE 18 of the A O. U. W., left for Heppner and other Eastern Oregon towns, Friday, to lecture. Axhlnnil. Miss Louise . Whitney Is visiting in Salem. ' Mrs. D. T. Scars, of Medford, is visiting in Ashland. Mrs. E L. Swartz, of Parkston, S. D., Is visiting- in Ashland. Mrs. R. L. Carcyj of Woodburn, Is the guest of Ashland friends. Mr. and Mrs. Bert Bames, of Grant's Pass, are visiting In Ashland. Mrs. IL F. Arenburg, of Edgewood, la visiting relatives In Ashland. Mrs. M. A. Baldwin and Miss Cora Bald win are visiting it Grant's Pass. Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Hargadlne have re turned from a visit to Southern California. W. P. Tyner and Miss Jeanettc Melius were married lh this city, Thursday after noon, by the Rev. G. W. Nelson. The noncommissioned officers of Com pany B, O. N. G.. of this city, gave a very delightful entertainment nnd dance at their armory a few evenings since. There was a large attendance. McMInnvllle. Miss Dotha Daniels spent Sunday with 1 friends In Portland. Miss Fern Stout and Miss Bristow are Portland visitors this week. Mr. and Mrs. H. Oliver left Sunday for their new home in Washington. C. H. Cable and wife, of Brownsville. are visiting Mr. and Mrs. George Cable in this city. Miss Nelle Gardner returned to Port land Tuesday, after a visit of several weeks with her parents here. ' Mrs. S. 3, Bauhm, who has been the guest of her daughter, Mrs. Louts Alder man, the past week, returned to Portland Monday. Arlington. Frank Graham Is visiting in Portland. Dr. C. E. Kennedy, of Olex, visited nere during the week. Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Daggett, of Bla- jock. visited here Monday. Mrs. Robert Seale departed last week for Louisville, Ky., to remain several months. Mrs. L. J. Gates returned last week from The Dalles, where she visited her MH,v r t- .i ' noebnrjr. Mrs. George Terry Is visiting relatives In Junction City and Albany. Mrs. Morris Weber returned Tuesday irom several weeKs visit in Portland. Mrs. C P. Merrill, after a visit with her sister, .Mrs. Will Moore, has returned to her home at Oswego. Mrs. C H. Fisher has returned to her home In Boise, Idaho, after a visit with ner motner, Mrs. li. L. Owens. Mrs. Lawrence Perdue, after a' visit with Vancouver Barracka. Captain and Mrs. Jere B. Clayton and Lieutenant and Mrs. Gerrlt van. 3. Quack enbush were entertained at dinner Tues day by Captain and Mrs. Kerby. Major and Mrs. Jlerbert E. Tutherly entertained at dinner last week Colonel and Mrs. Hathaway, Colonel and Miss Wilcox and' Major and Mrs. Richmond. Tuesday last. Major and' Mrs. Evans entertained a number of the officers and ladles of the garrison at a supper, where only the National .dishes of Germany were served. Mrs. H. Li. Hawthorne, wife of Captain Harry L. Hawthorne. Twenty-sixth Bat ten", left Wednesday for Washington, where she will make an extended visit with her parents. General and Mrs. Sin clair Cards are out for the marriage of MIs3 Pansy Towner, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Towner, to Second Lieutenant Leonard J. Mygatt, Seventeenth Infantry. The cere mony will take place at St. Bartholomew's Church, Pacific street, Brooklyn, N. Y., January 21. Tho engagement Is announced of Miss Clara Belle Mooar, of Birmingham. Ala., to Second Lieutenant Leo A. Dewey, Seventeenth Infantry. Miss Mooar, who has been visiting her cousin, Mrs. V. K. Hart, this Winter, will remain with her until the departure of the regiment for the Philippines. One of tho prettiest card parties of the season was given Tuesday 'by Captain and Mrs. Hunt. Four-handed euchre was the game played, and the first prize was won by Mrs. Benjamin C. Morse, besides the lone hand, the prized for these being a handsome Chinese crepe shawl and a pretty calendar. Captain Carl Relch mann won the gentleman's prize, a tor toise shell .cigarette case, while Major Lea Feblger and Mrs. van Horn won the consolation prizes, an ash tray and a set of dominoes. Aberdeen. The first annual ball of the Clerks' Union, Thursday night, attracted a large crowd. On Wednesday evening next the Ladles' Aid Society of the Congregational .Church will give a reception to the Rev. Charier McDermoth and his family. A large party of Aberdeen people at tended a reception and ball given at Ho-. qulam, Friday night, by Mrs. Suthoff and the Misses Dent and Carey. H. A. Hayes, cashier of Hayes & Hayes Bank: H. N. Anderson. Sr., A. W. Middle- ton, the Misses McDermoth and Mayhew and Mra. Fuller were passengers on the Coronado for California when the steamer left Monday! The Elks will give their annual ball. February 6, having settled the dispute about music from Tacoma, which the local union endeavored to shut out. This year the Elks decided to Issue no Invitations to nonmembcrs. and It will be strictly for their own pleasure. . Chehalls. Mrs. Gilbert, of Ballard. Is visiting her father, Mr. Martin Dukes, of Forest. Mrs. C. D. Covey, of Cherokee County. Iowa, is visiting her brother, W. D'. Rich ardson, in Chehalls. The Order of Washington dancing party last Saturday evening was well attended by a large number of people. Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Strahm, of Lewis- ton, Ida., are visiting Mrs. Strahm's pa' rents. Mr. and Mrs. Insley Cook. Ping-pong has become so much the rage in Chehalls that the pupils of the High bchool are to have a tournament tomor row night with 10 tables of players. Hon. John Daly and Mrs. Daly, of Still water, Minn., are guests of Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Dempsey. Mr. and Mra. Daly will visit In Oregon. California, Arizona and Mexico before returning home. Centralln. Mrs. J. P. Guerrlcr and children started Sunday on an extended trip through the East. The Baptist Aid Society met at the home of Mrs. H. J. Miller Thursday af ternoon. A farewell party was given to Miss Ma bel Ingruham Tuesday evening, who Is soon to leave for Seattle. Mr. and Mrs. F. S. Sprague will start the first of the month for an extended visit with relatives in California. A surprise party was given Miss Con stance Guerrler Friday evening. A large number were present and games were In dulged in until a late hour,- when refresh. ments were served. Wlnlock. Mr. and Mrs. S. L. Herren, of Cowlitz, were in town Tuesday on business. Mrs. P. R. Arch entertained a number of friends at dinner Tuesday, January 27, in. nonor or Mrs. l.ouis aietsKer. Mrs. Ella H. Kltterldge, of Tacoma, grand chief of honor of the Degree of Honor, paid Wlnlock Lodge a visit Tues day evening. Mrs. James R. Lutgen, of Whatcom, Wash.. Is visiting her parents, Mr. and Mrs. F. A Shuck, who live a few miles east of Wlnlock. NO CURE NO PAY. The Sort of Law That One Portland Physician Wants. PORTLAND, Jan. 30. (To the Editor.) In your reports from tne Legislature as usual a bill (No. 96) is again on hand to regulate the practice of medicine and surgery ' Some enterprising medico I sup pose, has the Interest of -the dear people at heart and desires to legislate for their benefit. While I am charitable enough to admit their sincerity, I feel confident from Z years experience In medicine and surgery that I can suggest an amendment to tho bill that would be Impartial, hon est, equitable and fair to both doctor and patient. That is simply this: Let every man or woman practice medicine and surgery without regard to qualifications. but compel every person who pretends to the profession to furnish the patient with all medicine, appliance;, etc., required In eacn and even case: compel said doctor to attend all calls without question, and in every case attended, if the doctor falls to cure the patient he Is to receive no pay for his or her services. This kind of lawwou!d be Just for both doctor and patient; besides It would com pel doctors to attend more closely to their patients. Many doctors, especially. In Portland, are entirely too careless and unconcerned about human life. Called In a hurry, they delay several hours before coming: tnls is especially so witn wnat we call our best doctors. As to quacks, I must admit we haven't any in Portland that I know of, as It requires more gray matter to be a quack than a regit lar physician. The definition of quackery as understood now by the medical assocl atlons Is a doctor who advertises to cure the sick or guarantees a cure In ail cases they treat. The codes of both medical and dental ethics 'are very nice for the fellow who is established, but a hard lad der for a beginner to climb. The writer has been practicing medicine here for over a quarter of a century, and would be happy if a law could be passed com-. pelllng all doctors to answer every call, furnish the medicine, and If they fall to cure the patient, could collect nothing. Then to equalize the responsibility allow nothing exempt for the payment of the doctor's bill, which should be satisfied within 00 days after the -patient Is con valescent. QUACK.' No route across the continent offers so many attractions as does the Denver & Rio Grande. Write the Portland Agency, ra '.I mra street, ior illustrated pookiets, N AN effort to emulate Kipling's artist hero, in "The Light That Failed." who became a famous' correspondent by be ing nt the scat of war at a time when an extra man was badly needed, I found my self in Cape Town In February, 1300, com pletely stranded, after a month's Ineffec tual striving to obtain an assignment per the Kipling formula. At thlc time I discovered that Mr. Kip ling wan staying at the Mount Nelson Ho tel, and resolved that at tho least I would obtain an Interview with the unconscious cause of m desperate plight. Without any Idea whatever of his char acter, I sent in my card and awaited his reply. "I am Mr. Kipling," I heard a quiet. pleasant voice say at my elbow a minute later, while I was staring at a picture In the corridor. I turned, and, for the first time, confronted the author of my fa vorite 'Barrack Room Ballads.' What In the deuce ever 'brought you out here?" he went on, after I had owned to my Identity. I was looking downward Into two piercing eyes, heavily over shadowed with bushy black brows. I was half startled to find that a man so great In fame should be so slight In stature f bare five feet two Inches, weighing not more than 105 or 110 pounds, while the average man of his age tips the scales near ISO. His smile 'was magnetic, the tone of his voice reassuring, the words plainly intended to establish at once a spirit of comradeship to relieve all ten sion, sympathetic and kind lritentloned. He held my card in his hand and awaited my reply, restlessly shifting his weight from one foot to the other. His dress was fastidious in the extreme, al most to the point of dandyism. A broad. flowing black tie, black suit, trousers turned up at the bottom In American fashion, disclosing small feet encased In patent leather Oxfords, tied with broad silk ribbons, beneath gay colored silken hose. Kipling Is a handsome man. His heav ily rimmed gold spectacles framing those marvelously expressive and all under standing eyes, emphasize their strength. and strength Is the keynote of his charac ternot of body, but of mind and motive. Ho Is Very dark black hair, heavy DiacK mutoche, with the head of a man on the shoulders of a manikin. His skin Is swarthy, probably tanned so by the hot sun of India, his native land. Un to this time I had no Idea as to my next words. I had merely Intended to see Mr. Kipling, trusting to a happy inspira tion at the last moment to suggest a fitting excuse. The desired Inspiration came as I looked Into his eyes. I don't remember their exact color, but they felt gray or hazel. They were piercing, a con centrated, penetrating gaze, revealing me dangerous gift of Insight. I felt that he knew me perfectly: that he read my In most thoughts that no dissimulation or shallow pretense would do with him. It commanded frankness, even confidence so I told him the rimple truth. I re- hitnrspil whv I had come to bourn Airica. how I had tried his hero's plan, and how dismally It had failed. I concluiiea wun thp rnii est for a further suggestion as to how his hero would proceed In my present plight, and hinted rather broadly mat i thought he had Incurred a certain respon sibility to furnish the Information. He might have snuDDeu me suuiiuij, but instead he listened with Interest In terrupting me continually with a rapid fire of searching questions, which held me firmly to the point and compelled me to speak rapidly and wunoui unnectoein , verbiage. What was greatly surpnsius. v,..,-n- Ti-io thnt. at the same time, he seized upon every possible word either he or I uttered to manuraciure a. imu-- ever atrocious. .,..,, t n-nmiKrni rpmemberlne that It is considered Incompatible for a profound mind to catch at a similarity of sounds rather than of Ideas. But Mr. Kipling followed both sounds and ideas with equal facility: made his .iiti nor minute almost, and at the same time held me with a wearisome strain to the proper association ui h htmiiMf suircested and the con tinuity of my tale, which he fairly dragged from my lip3 by sheer magnetic forco. ah tho while I was conscious of a con tinuing wonder at his physical smallness the constant Dubbllng of effervescent good humor, suggesting the boyishness of his stature. Tin lmii-hoii n. rood deal, as I did also. not to flatter, but because of genuine amusement, and because his laugh was contagious. My nervousness was gone, but he stim ulated me tremendously, half Intoxicating me by the effort to keep mentally In touch with him; and I was in an exhausted con dition on leaving him. I afterwards re membered this as the most brilliant con versation I had ever taken part In. nnd marveled at my ability. Now I realize that I was merely a wall against which Kipling tossed a torrent or his best to bounce back again, more or less clumsily a flint, from which his steel struck the sparks. About this time I began to feel flattered at his attention and undoubted Interest, until it suddenly dawned upon aie that he was really merely turning me over as a now specimen of Humanity, as an enw mologist dissects a new kind of bug. To him I was a young American who had come 10.000 miles on my nerve to get an almost Impossible position, witnout iunos, influence, or even credentials. Thla wn' interesting not my personality. but the thing I was doing. "I like your said. "You're all rlchtj ' and he meant It. And so he questioned and suggested, listened to my replies and ob jections, and, finally, after raising my honci to the highest by the prospect of employment with him. dashed them all and closed thcinterview as aorupuy as it. had begun. Some strain of personal interest, how- ever, had remained, .and later fan. through his Influence, I obtained the coveted posi tion as correspondent for the London Times, attached to Lord Roberts' head quarters staff, leading to further successes through the exceptional opportunities thus presentod. And so my first Impressions of Kipling's main characteristics afterward learned to be correct were: Cheerfulness, kindly disposition, the faculty of keen analysis and mercurial mind and temperament. And he Is Jerkily nervous, both In move ment and speech, restless, spontaneously Inventive and extraordinarily resourceful and fertile of imagination, bubbling over with fun, ever on the lookout for literary material (he notes In a blank book car ried for the purpose every new word or term he hears), brilliant In conversation; while an undercurrent of unfailing won der at .his almost boyish smallness never forsook me. Later oh. In appreciation of Kipling's marvelously effective assistance. I tried partially to balance our account by pre senting- him with a fully equipped riding pony a fleet-rooted 3-year-oia, wmcn came Into my possession near Bloemfonteln while Kipling was at the front. This dis closed another and unsuspected side of his character. He Is both unathletlc and timid. He neither desired to ride, a 3-year- old nor tried to do. Nor did he care to own one, and so the present came back, and I afterward sold It to a brother of President Steyn In exchange for a more seasoned mount for my own use. while Kipling drove comfortably and safely about In Bennet Burleigh's commodious Cape cart. At this time Kipling's predominant char acteristic seemed to be youthfulness, Though well toward the 40's. he falrb reveled In his experiences with the army and its Individual components at the front. i At Lord Roberts' command, the war 1 correspondents edited and published the official newspaper during the Field Mar- i shal's occupation of Bloemfonteln. It was called The Friend, and Kipling promptly became one of the editors, en tering Into all the drudgery of office work, writing, editing, correcting proofs, with limitless enthusiasm and enjoyment. He was continuously good-natured with every one. One day he told me he had corrected the proofs of an article I had contributed and complimented me heartily. Between htm and the Dutch compositors, the thing was frightfully tangled, and when 1 showed him a copy, with my carefully worded "The difference between the two times was so striking," reduced to "The difference between the two twins was so timid," he as good-naturedly disclaimed all responsibility, and referred me to the compositor tor revenge. The honor of having Kipling correct my proofs, for the time being, became secondary to Its dls- i tortlon. Now I- have forgotten all that. ' and boast of Its connection with the j great author. I never ceased to study his methods. I wanted to analyze the secret of his suc cess. He himself gave me some hints. From lifelong Intimates I received many others. Summed up, my deductions are as follows: Kipling Is pre-eminently a skillfully ex ploited author. Primarily he was one of perhaps many other equally able writers, all obscure. But. great as his genius for composition, was the genius displayed by his publishers In the exploitation or nis well-timed articles on subjects of Intense universal Interest, and their wisdom in having them well placed before the read ing and critical public Thus, it was he who of them all dashed ahead of the rank and file at the supereme moment, took up a vantage point and held It alone. Then, from the wider point of view which suc cess gives by the Incomparable stimulus Which It gave to his, work he was able to write in a manner far superior, not only to his own best previous efforts, but also far beyond any attainable effort of those left behind: thus he holds his place. The success of'Klpllng developed him Into the greater Kipling. But we must never forget his exploita tion. This has been supremely astute and clever. As an illustration: His greater purchasing pubic is the American. At that time his violent anti-Boer literature had alienated many of his American readers. Also the tiresome ding-dongingof the ever lasting "Absent iMInded Beggar" had hurt his prestige considerably In England. Tho British critics were declaring that his star was on the wane. The American writers brutally referred to him as "a dead one." I felt this attitude atmospherically In both cbuntrles. yet. I could not shake oft the feeling Inspired by Kipling's constant air j or supreme seit-connaence. i expressed it i by declaring that he still had "something j up his sleeve." I And so bn had. But before bringing it out his publishers did not fall to turn again to the all-Important methods of KIpllng-expIoltatlon. In the London Times was published his poem, "The Islanders. "The Fools and Flanneled Idiots" attracted Instant atten tion. The press of both England and America divided Into two camps. One Indorsed the bitter truths his poem expressed : the other condemned and abused his "unpa triotic rhymes. Every day the papers abused and praised. They turned on each other; they criticised his past work; but whatever the cudgel, the victim or the shield. It was ever Kipling, Kipling, Kip ling exactly as had been planned. Tnen .Kim was published, and duly advertised, and the wrangling public, hissed on by the frantic critics, rushed to Duy tnousands of copies, to prove there by his continued literary ascendency, or the opposite. Some of them discovered it was his masterpiece. But tho contest even now goes on. "Kim" Is today both praised and abused, but not unnoticed, while all the time Kip ling smiles to himself in the proud con sciousness that he has not yet put forth hla greatest strength. He has much in reserve. Kipling has written and will write yet other "Tho Islanders." He calls It "Twanging the Banjo." It attracts the crowd. The song will follow after. The latest Instance of this Is "The Row BECOMING A MOTHER of the suffering and danger in store for her, robs the expectant mother of all pleasant anticipations of the coming event, and casts over her a shadow of gloom which cannot be shaken off. Thousands of women have found. that tho uso of Mother's Friend during pregnancy robs confinement of all pain and danger, and insures safety to life of mother and child. This scientific liniment is a god-send to all women at the time of their most critical trial. Not only does Mother's Friend carry women safely through the perils of child-birth, but its use gently prepares the system for the coming event, prevents 'morning sickness, and other dis comforts of this period. Sold by all druggists at Si.oo per bottle. Book containing valuable information free. The Bradfield Reaulator Co.. Atlanta. Gn. Dr. TALCOTT & Co. WE CLAIM TO BE STRICTLY RELIABLE, AND THE LEADING SpeciaIists for Men The dignity of our profession does not permit us to rpeak too frely of our accomplishments, yet It U the duty of a recognized and legitimate physician to say sufficient 'that the public may distinguish him from the Importer. Thla we are entitled to state. Our practice is the largest on the. Coast, built up by the personal recommendation of one patient to another. It can be stated, too, without fear of contradiction, that previous to our announcements of the Importance of uprethral and prostatic Inflammations as factor In the disorders of men. that treatment was conducted In an unsuccessful manner. Our brilliant cures and the copying of our methods by others Is evidence of our superiority. Contracted Disorders If you cars to be cured thoroughly and beyond the Dorslbll lty of relapse or a chronic stage, you should come directly to ua for treatment. We have cored so many cases that we know exactly how to handle them. Our remedies are unlike the ordinary, and e cure In about half the usual time re quired. Stricture Painless treatment that dissolves the obstructing tissue and renders cutting or di lating unnecessary. mka WHP6imm ii F. I TALCOTT, 51. D. Circumcision Skillfully and Painlessly Performed. You run no risk when you come to us. We cure and wait for our fee until you are convinced beyond the shado'w ot a doubt that you are well cured to stay cured. If you cannot call, write for our colored chart of the male anatomy, details of our successful Home Cure System, etc 250i ALDER STREET ers." a savage attack on the Anglo-German alliance, revealng, as It does, Kip ling's antipathy to Germany, and for this reason said to be the cause of Ambassa dor von Holleben's recall, since he ad vised the Kaiser's telegrams of sym pathy at the time of Kipling's illness four years ago. Kipling is undoubtedly the greatest lit erary giant of our day. His Recessional will bo his, grandest monument In fu ture time. Whatever his Innate genius who but the greater Kipling, recipient ot a million invisible threads of sympathy from all clvlllzed.men, could produce that perfect gem? ' And again, with such Inspiration con centrating on his single personality, can wo wonder that he Is so great? Another characteristic Is his self-consciousness. He is free from Idle vanities, but, nevertheless, profoundly conscious that he Is "Kipling." He has a keen knowledge of his exact commercial value, and ever drives a shrewd bargain with publishers. He Is making money, and Is keeping most of it. But. with all his self appreciation. It never offends. In speak ing of himself, which he does freely, he skillfully avoids disparaging comparisons. His attitude Is always complimentary, though not at all humble. And so all who come In contact with him become his fast friends and ardent admirers. He Is devoted In his allegiance to the American glrL We exchanged extollments of her virtues for half an hour. I told him how at a distinctly aristocratic English assemblage I had picked out half a dozen pre-eminently beautiful and attractive women only to be told In each case "That Is a countrywoman of yours." "For all around womanhood, the Ameri can girl stands at the top,"- Kipling as sented. "Do I really mean It?" he went on. "Why. didn't I marry one? What greater proof of appreciation can 1 show?" I could offer none. By his advice, and my own Inclination. I hope to do likewise FREDERICK W. UNGER. QUEER PHILIPPINE RACES One Branch of Our Cannibal FelloTr Cltlxens Described. Kansas City Star. Reports of Investigations among the almost unknown races of the Philippines have been sent to the War Department by the bureau of non-Chrlstlan tribes. Scientists agree that tho aboriginal race of the archipelago Is the small black peo ple known as "Negritos," and their ori gin and present conditions have been carefully studied. It has been under stood that their numbers were dwindling and that there were not more, than 10.000 of them, but the bureau's Investigation shows that there are at least 30.000 In all parts or tne islands, and that they are holding their own, if not Increasing. Tho few dwarfs first seen were not thought to be representative of the race, but penetration into the Interior proves they are all of the same size. It is now ac cepted as a fact that the Negritos are the smallest people on the globe. They are true savages, living upon the chase and wild roots, and also upon each other. They are cannibals, and wage community wars when their spears be come rusty or they experience a craving for human food. They have the same barbarous practices of headhunting and ceremonial cannibalism that are peculiar to the Dyaks of Borneo and the Battaks of Sumatra. They roam the mountains in groups composed of a few families, and are timid and fearful of approach. On account of their great strength, however, their poisoned arrows and their cannibal ism, they are feared by the more civilized the relation of the negrltos to other pig mies and their place In the evolution of man. The Misses Ottyle and Juliette Soud helm, .each playing the same music at different pianos at the same time, gave an interesting concert at New York, where the programme consisted of variations by Duprosse, a concerto by Bach, and short pieces by Brull, Philip, Carl Thorn. Hen selt (the familiar '"SI olseau J'etals") and Salnt-Saens. Each pianist showed musical feeling, and there was no lack of light and shade In the performances, but the whole basis seemed, from an artistic point of view, an Insecure one. Is an ordeal which all women approach with indescribable fear, for nothing compares with the pain and horror of child-birth. The thought MOTHER'S Varicocele Do not submit to an operation for varico cele. Our sjrstem ot pa 1 n 1 e s treatment cures soundly In one week. 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