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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 24, 1902)
THE SU2JDAY OBEGONIA.N, PORTLAND, AUGUST . 1902. Entered at the Poitafflce at Portland. Oregon, as second-class in&tter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. ' . By Mall (postage prepaid. In Ad'ance) Dally, with Sunday, per month $ 3 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year "7 00 Dally, -with Sunday, per year 9 00 Sunday, per year .x..-.. ...... JW The "Weekly, per year 1 & The "Weekly, 3 months CO To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday excepted.l5c Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays included.20c POSTAGE RATES. ; United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to 14-page paper lc 14 to iS-pace paper T.. -c Foreign rates double. . News or discussion Intended for publication in The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the namo of any Individual. Letters relating to adver- Using, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Eastern Business Office. 43, 44, 45, 47. 48, 49 Tribune building. New Tork City; 510-11-12 Trlbuno building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency, Eastern representative, i For sale In San Francisco by It. E. Lee. Pal co Hotel news' stand: Goldsmith Bros., 36 Butter street; F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market street; J. K. Cooper Co.. 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news stand; Frank Scott, SO Ellis street, and I. Wheatley, 813 Mission street. For' sale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 59 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, S05 South Spring street. For salo in Kansas City, Mo., by Rlcksecker Qgar Co., Ninth end Walnut streets. , For sale in Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald, '63 Washington street. ' For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Eros., iox Farnam street; Megcath Stationery Co., 13US Fa mam street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Laka News Co., 77 West Second South street. For sale in Minneapolis by B, G. Hearsey & Co.. 24 Third street South. I For sale In Washington, D. C, by the Ebbett I House news stand. ' For salo in Denver. Colo., by Hamllto & Kendrlck, 90C-912 Seventeenth street; Louthan & Jackson Book & Stationery Co., 16th and Lawrence streetx; A. Series, Sixteenth and Curtis streets. , ' TODAY'S WEATHER Fair, with moderate temperatures; winds mostly northerly. ' YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem perature, 74; minimum temperature, 69; Sre- 1 clpltatlon, none. PORTLAND, SUNDAY, AUG. 24, 1902. NATIONAL INTERESTS, TRULY. President Roosevelt's speech at Hart lord on Friday, in which he declared .that "our interests are as great in the Pacific as in the Atlantic," gave to the Pacific for the first time what may be called an emphatic National recogni tion. Aforetime there has been on the part of our larger public men a deal of holiday talk about the greatnes3 of the Pacific Ocean and of the relations of the United States to it; but it has been in the tone of National glorification and it has mostly been connected with a distant and indefinite future. It has remained for Mr. Roosevelt to assert with emphasis the National duty toward the Pacific, to give National rec ognition and National voice lo what has long been in the minds pf Pacific Coast people. But It remains for Congress to accept and act upon what the President asserts as a broad principle to illus trate the truth that "the welfare of Cal ifornia, Oregon and "Washington is as vital to the Nation as the welfare of New England, New York and the South Atlantic States"; and to illustrate this other fact, namely, that Pacific Ocean Interests are National interests,, pre cisely as Atlantic Ocean interests are National interests. And this recogni tion, to have value, must take practical fcrm. It must be reflected in the pro motion of commerce; in the maintenance of an efficient diplomatic and consular service in the Orient and in the states of Central and South America; in the protection and extension of American rights in China; In the development of the Philippines; In the encouragement of shipyards and the maintenance of a suitable naval establishment; in the laying of cables; in the development of "our harbors; and, of course, in the .prompt construction of the Isthmian Ca nal. Here, broadly stated, are the im mediate needs of the Pacific; in atten tion to these matters lies the best rec ognition of that National Interest which President Roosevelt emphasizes in the Pacific THE DEMOCRATIC NEED. A unique and attractive method of revivifying the Democratic party has ,been evolved in the fecund brain of Mr. Ben T. Cable, the Democratic Con gressional committee's manager. His idea is that "whether the Democrats 'control the next House or not, it is highly necessary to have a few really strong men in Congress who can give tone and dignity to the minority opera- x tlons and lay a foundation for the Pres idential campaign." Mr. Cable Is said to be actually looking about in the Northwest for Democrats of such stand ing and ability and eo distinguished and well known that if they would ac cept nominations for Congress they .would probably carry even Republican (districts. Simultaneously with this re port comes the Florida Times-Union, of Jacksonville, with a different but.some- jwhat similar prescription for the stak i party: What wo need is the leadership and the leaders that find reward in the work done. that pride themselves on somothlng other than tthe cash accumulated and despise the com mon ambition of tho averago man. Until the Democracy can And such leadership it is splr itually dead, and tho voter is justified in re I fusing to follow a funeral procession that preaches no resurrection. There is no hope in quitting a hospital merely to resume a march to the cemetery, and if this be treason, make the most of It. These recommendations are good as far as they go. Certainly the clouds would mostly vanish from the Demo cratic sky if the party could win back the men it has lost the last eight years But we shall undertake to say that the Times-Union and Mr. Cable are both in hopeless error as to the efficacy, of their prescriptions. The way to lm prove the party is, truly enough, to get good men back, but men are not to be had by mere invitation or advertise ments. Men do not act with parties because they are asked or because they are needed. They must have grounds more relative. Tho facility with which the Demo cratic party separated itself from its best and brightest members ought to suggest the way fto reverse the process. It drove them away with its objec- 'tionable doctrines. It can get them back only with sound doctrines. Stand for error, and your opponent need not stir hand or foot to gain your support ers. They will flock to him without his 'effort or knowledge. Stand for truth. and you needn't solicit men of brains and .character to act vith your party. They can't be kept away. The evil genius of the Democratic party is W. J. Bryan. His ascendency keeps Mr. Cable's good men from run ning for Congress or -working in the ranks. His ascendency, is what fills the party with medjQcrlty and prevents the leadership craved by the Times-Union. So long as he is permitted unafraid and unrestrained to abuse and discredit the men who deserted him for right and truth in 1898; it will be useless to adver tise for the material needed. Grievous as is the discredit Into which the Democratic party has fallen, it could probably win the -Congressional elections this Fall and certainly could win the Presldentiar election- in 1004 At it could find the resolution and the means to convince the country that In power it would stand unflinchingly for honest money and honest tariff reform. If it could only do this, its path would be smoothed to success. Otherwise its way is almost without a ray of hope. SEAMEN'S ABUSES. Shipowners who pay too much for seamen have probably seen the last public uprising Portland will ever in dulge on their behalf. Repeated cam paigns against boarding-house abuses have been organized here and supported eagerly by press and public. Then, when victory seemed somewhere within reach, the shipping concerns would quietly make a new contract with Sul livan and the Grants and leave public opinion and seamen's abuse committees and the newspapers and all the correct ive agencies, to which frenzied and moving appeal had been made, high in the air without a. place to light. The only purpose the moral sensibilities and sympathetic feeling for poor Jack Tar had served was to enable the shipping people to drive sharper bargains .with the ssamen's supply houses. If it should ever become necessary or if without Its becoming necessary, new3 should get so scarce as to justify the trouble. The Oregonlan can and will print the true history of these disgust ing proceedings, Including the names of the Influential citizens who made the appeals and the subsequent contracts and those of the high-toned lawyers who officiated with the agreements. The Oregonlan will never again be a victim to such operations. The offi cials, whom the shipping people are now trying to arouse, can do as they llite. but from District Attorney Chamber lain's interview, printed yesterday, it looks as if he also had cut his eye teeth. As for Mr. Sulllvan.lt is a notorious fact that the people who denounce his call ing as unholy are quick enough to em ploy him when his talents can senre their purposes Instead of Interfere with them, and It is The Oregonlan'e Impres sion that he stands by, his contracts as religiously and perhaps more so than do those with whom the contracts are made. Unjust and extortionate "blood money" is an intolerable financial bur den on the port and a menace to peace and order as well as common morality. But it will not be stamped out by stir ring up the public conscience and. then selling it out for $10 or 520 reduction on the price per man for supplying seamen. The "port" is not to blame for the rul ing rate of seamen's pay or advance money. Those to blame are they who pay the exorbitant price, and who will cut and run any time from a public movement or a test prosecution to save a few dollars In disbursements or a few days' delay In putting to sea. Furnishing sailors is not a crime, and when the business Is unscrupulously pursued It Is not a crime, but an abuse. However statutes may be procured de nominating' Inordinate piracy ,of this sort a crime, the fact remains that in practice it is nevertheless an offense against property and civil rights which can only be reniedied by the co-opera tion of the Injured with 'the officers of the law. Peace officers cannot convict a suspect of any offense against prop erty or vested rights If the sufferers run away from the case and refuse either to make complaint or testify on the witness-stand. The law is there and the peace officers are there, but the machinery Itself can do nothing unless the complainants do their part WHY TIIE MINISTRY DECLINES. The one profession whose higher ranks in this country are never full Is that of the ministry. There are young and capable lawyers always in waiting for opportunity to forge ahead. Of highly quallfiedsphyslcians there is no lack of numbers. In the railroad service. In the professional departments of manufac ture, in engineering, in journalism, there are capable men in plenty. and when one man In the higher rank falls out, his place is easily and quickly filled. There is. indeed, a tendency to overcrowd all these depart' ments of effort; the number of capable men offering Is greater than the oppor tunity for their employment; the cry is not for more harvesters, but for more harvest. But there Is quite another sit uation when it comes to the ministry, for here the laborers the laborers of real power are few. There is never a time when men are not wanted for the higher places, when large and larger salaries are not in waiting for men hav ing the gifts which make the ministry effective. For example, we reprint the following Associated Press dispatch from New York, which appeared in The Oregonlan a few days back: A large number of Important pastorates In New York and Brooklyn are vacant, more than at any other time in recent years, and as most of them will be filled between now and January 1. tho city will seo 1C or more clergy-men como to take positions paying from $2000 to flO.000 a year. One of the most im portant positions vacant in the Episcopal church is tho deanshlp" of the General Theo logical Seminar', worth $7000 or $3000 annual ly. The rectorate of the Church of the Holy Trinity, Brooklyn, is the most important va cancy on Long Island. The posUlon pays $10, 000 a year. Temple Emanu-El has been look ing for a principal rabbi for over a .year, and when the proper man is found bo will receive $12,000 a year. Among other prominent churches needing pastors aro: Grace Church, Brooklyn, salary fSOOO; St. Agnes Chapel, Trinity parish. $6000; Church of the Divine Paternity, $0000; Second-Avenue Baptist, $3500. There is, of course, a cause for this condition In truth, many causes. In the first place, the old religious life which turned- the minds of many earn est youths to the ministry has largely been superseded, even In families still nominally devout, by a more secular life In which there are no suggestions which tend to fill the divinity classes. Again a generation or two back, before the railroad era and the commercial era, the life of the country was narrower there were few fields of intellectual ef fort, and the ministry shared with the bar and the medical profession pretty much the whole offering of youthful tal ent. In those days, too, the ministry was much more highly considered than now; men not only supported the church, but gave their presence to Its services, gave attention and'heed to the utterances of the pulpit and Valued the minister as a vital rather than as conventional if not outworn figure In society. Time has changed all this, and in the change the ministry has lost much of Its attraction to men of liberal and vital Quality. Such menaire not content to dwell apart from the active life of their time, to hold a merely conven tional and ceremonial relationship to the world. Their ambition is not satis fled by such triumphs as are to be won on memorial occasions and before audi ences or women. Men of the vital sort want naturally to live with other men on even terms; they resent the limita tions which disqualify the minister for the associations of the gentlemen's club, which close the door of active and equal social life against him, and which bind him to artificial and formal standards of decorum. They resent conditions- which tend to set the minister apart from the world and a criticism which estimates the opinions of a minister as proceeding from his professional char acter rather than from his manly under standing. To an extent, the discipline of the churches Is responsible for the condi tions which keep or tend to keep first class talent out of the pulpit. While the membership of most of the churches has kept pace with the times, whlle Christian men and wdmen In all the" churches think and speak with free dom, they give their ministers no such license. Within the ministry there is little or no liberty to discuss with open mind and. in manly spirit the questions which scholarship have raised within the past few yeaTs, and which are giving to many old things a character entirely new. Ministers are not expected or permitted to think Inde pendently and speak openly of these matters; their part 13 to wait In silence and with formal devotion to old beliefs and practices upon the slow movement of church counsels. In other words, the ministry Is muzzled with respect to those things which most vitally affect its conscience and Its Interests, and of which It, above all other agencies, ought to be permitted to judge. Under all these conditions It is not surprising that th.e men most need ed by the pulpit flght shy . of It. It does not of&er what the vital and strenuous man most craves and will have, namely, freedom to think and to speak his mind, freedom to mix with other men upon .even terms, freedom to act without a painful, conventional re serve. Now of all times, when old holds are being loosened, when the pulpit needs Its best powers to conserve some measure at least of Its old-time consider ation and of its authority over the pub lic conscience. It Is weak In men. And unless it shall contrive to give its minis try more freedomvof mind and conduct. with leave to live in the spirit of the times, it will grow weaker instead of stronger. WHAT VACATIONS ARE FOR. Many are the amenities and reliefs which the gold standard and .the In centive that accumulated capital is able to offer to Inventive genius have intro duced into the strenuous life of the modern world. The vacation habit. once a negligible Indulgence, Is clearly one of these alleviating processes of our busy Industry. It belongs In the same category as the eight-hour law, the early-closing movement, the Saturday afternoon off and the multiplication of hollays. Doubtless It is as vain to urge the too assiduous to take a rest, as It is to Implore the lazy to become diligent. The. hortatory and corrective'mood may as well be at once foregone,- accord ingly, so far as the justification of vacations is concerned. Xou can't stop them. Maybe we can inquire with profit into the ways they, may best be spent Vacations are divided into four classes. There are the vacations of mere habit and Indulgence by those who need none. There are the vaca tions of rest, of recreation and of stud ied improvement. It hag often been held here In Oregon that the best sort of a vacation for the man who works here Is a trip of sightseeing and im provement In the Eastern States. Ben efit is undoubtedly acquired by the ac tive mind In this way. It means a great deal for the native Oregon man or woman to visit In reflective mood and with Inquiring mind the scenes that history has left us and present activi ties thrust upon us in the older-settled portions of our own and other coun tries. Nothing Is more dwarfing to the soul than provincialism, nothing so broadens the mind and kills at once prejudice and Ignorance, as travel. In the main It Is true, however, that there is one need greater than the need of travel, and that Is the need of re flection. "The world Is too much with us." The average man, If he Is doing his duty, needs more than anything else respite from the clamorous and worrying scenes of the outer life. He needs time to reflect on what he has seen and heard, to think over his past, present and future, to draw off a trial balance, as it were, from the crowded ledgers and journals of daily life. To such a man there is nothing in Eastern or foreign travel that Can begin to com pare for spiritual strengthening with the quiet of the mountains or the shore. There he puts the world away. There, in lonely walks upon the mountain side or lonely musings by the tranquil Sum mer sea, memory quickens, conscience awakes, and impulses toward beauty, truth and goodness stir in long-silent chambers of the soul. Think well, then, of the vacation of mere rest. Xfet Its schedules include lit tie of labored seeking after pleasure or planning for the Fall campaign In life's vocation, but very much of quiet hours when the mind is free to wander at will through the darkened halls and dusty chambers of memory. There, mayhap, some recollection of early as pirations, some truer apprehension of duty, some lesson of charity, or stead fastness, or kindliness, may arise with healing and with a benefaction of grace to endure-and power to achieve. One of old was wont to go often Into the mountain or the desert -apart to pray. Many are the great souls whose great ness has been largely due to the quiet hour of Introspection with self, or com munion with Nature. It Is to the soli tude that the author of "Thanatopsls" bids us repair for solace from "thoughts of the last bitter hour." It Is no wonder that power rested with the ancient prophets who spent long nights and "days on the mountain tops alone. It is not strange that the great thinkers and the great doers have been for the most part great musers. Time for reflection Is a crying need in a geh eratlon that . from the cradle to the grave is rushed along at the, speed of an automobile In the glare of electric lights and assailed by the ceaseless clat ter of machinery. The busy man's greatest need is the quiet hour. A noteworthy proof of the Increasing intelligence of the people is that the successful showman can no longer af ford to be a charlatan. Thirty years ago the most successful showman In America was Barnum, who confessed that for many years he swindled the public by pretending that Jolce Heth was 120 years of age when he knew that she was not more than 60. He boasted In his autobiography of other frauds, like the "woolly horse," and prided himself upon his ability to get the money of the American people on false pretenses. Over and over again In his book Barnum declared that he "humbugged" the American people by advertlslng centenarians, mermaids, woolly horses and other Incredible creatures. Barnum set the pace for the fellows who manufactured the Cardiff giant and exhibited it the country over as a fossil man. Barnum was nothing but a vulgar Connecticut Yankee, full of low cunning and deceit, who grew rich by the- practice of successful quackery. We are fallen Into better times, for the place of Barnum as the great International American showman ha3 been taken by "Buffalo. Bill." His "Wild West'Show" is a genuine picture, his Indians are genuine, his animals are genuine-, and his feats of horsemanship and marksmanship and wild life gener ally are tainted with no imposition. "Buffalo Bill" has not lectured on "Tem perance," as did Barnum, but as an hon est showman he-has never been open to criticism, while Barnum boasted that for many years he was a dishonest showman and a successful charlatan. The American people have become more intelligent, and their growth Is in some respects measured by the moral distance between Barnum, the great American showman of fifty years ago, and "Buffalo Bill." ANDREWS ON MARRIAGE. Dr.. E. B. Andrews, chancellor of . the University of Nebraska, In a recent ad dress before the University of Chicago denounces without exception and quali fication the unmarried man or woman as a poor weakling who amounts to al most nothing, has no place In society. He asks us to look at pur" great men Washington, Lincoln, Grant, and so on. This kind of reasoning Is worthy of a man who. was shallow enough to preach the gospel of free sliver, .for how easy It is to ask Dr. Andrews to look at Coper nicus, Newton, Hume, Gibbon, Swift, Pope, William Pitt. Brougham, Cow- per. Goldsmith, Gray, Charles Lamb, Macaulay, Herbert Spencer, Lord Kitch ener, Pope Leo. Among notable Ameri cans, Thoreau, Tllden, Phillips Brooks and President Buchanan were bache lors. Among English women who led single lives were Jane Austen, Queen Elizabeth, Harriet Martineau, Joanna Baillie, Adelaide Proctor, Miss Mitford, Jeatrlngelow, Miss Edgworth, "Oulda," Frances Power Cobbe, Jane Porter, Florence Nightingale, Emily Faithful, Sister Dora and Miss Gladstone. Among American women we find the names of Dorothea DIx, Susan B. Anthony, and Maria Mitchell. It Is fair to presume that these eminent persons abstained from marriage for respectable reasons, for none of them was deficient in en ergy of mind or body, and nearly all of them led lives that were consecrated to high public or private duty. It is easy to understand how a man or woman of high intelligence and sensi bility might decide to lead a single life. Feeble health, or a sense of duty to a dependent mother and younger children. disappointed affection, enthusiastic de votlon to toilsome and all-engrossing scientific or literary pursuits, deep devo tlon to some, all-absorbing cause of moral or social reform, would prob ably explain the decision of 'most of the persons whose names we have cited It is fair to presume that If these motlves have constrained these eminent persons to refrain from matrimony there must be a very large number of Intelligent but comparatively obscure men and women who have been Influ enced by equally respectable motives not to marry. From this point of view the argument of Dr. Andrews that the celibate is 0 weakling falls to the ground. On the contrary It would be easy to show that It Is the weakling not seldom who marries in haste, so reckless of his responsibility that he Is really a breeder cf immorality, and the founder of a family of wretched pau pers. A writer In the London Mall says that there are in London 13,000 married persons who are 20 years of age or under. There are 971 wives and widows aged 18, 2712 aged 19, and 6672 wives and widows at 20 years. There are 787 nusDanos irom is to 11 years oiu, ana 2022 Just 20 years of age. The majority of such marriages are contracted In ab solute poverty. The girl-wife can neither cook nor sew, she will not sweep nor scrub. The boy husband wants a cook and a washerwoman, and he marries to And he has got neither. The latest census of London showed 2000 husbands under age who were not liv ing with their wives. Poverty and crime had divorced most of them. Among the Inmates of London's workhouses are husbands, wives, widowers and widows of 15 and IB years of age. ,Out of total of 850 persons under age In London prisons, more than 200 are married, and out of 1284 under 25years of age, 576 are married. There are 58,338 married persons under . age in England and Wales, and It Is the judgment of Eng llsh observers that "beyond contro versy these early marriages strew so cial life with wreckage, while the doc tors speak ominously of the new gen eratlon that these child marriages will produce." There is no question but marriages de crease. Malthus held that as wages rose and food grew cheaper the marriage rate would Increase and births grow numerous, but the enumerators of pop ulatlon during the last 100 years have shown that the reverse takes place that when wages rise In any calling. trade or employment, the marriage rate" tends to d'lmlnlsh and births tend to de crease. Marriage is almost universal among the young women at the bot tom of the laboring class, but as the family wage Increases the number of unmarried women also increases, and when the family Is able to educate Its daughters to the fullest extent the num ber 06 unmarried women Increases as the advantages of life Increase. This means that when women are tempted If cot forced to marry for a home there will be fewer unmarried women than when women are not obliged to marry for a home or have been trained to earn a living on easier terms than se vere and 111-pald manual toll. Within the last fifty years the wealth of the United States has enormously Increased growing from three to four-fold, but the marriage and the birth rates have as steadily decreased. This decrease exist among all classes. The only place where births are numerous and mar riages constant Is among Immigrants who are still struggling at the bottom to work their way to the top. The testimony of history is that as nations have grown In civilization end wealth they have decreased In mar- Iriage and the birth rate. Marriage Is the normal condition, but It has in a wide sense always been controlled ' by economic considerations rather than by romantic feeling. There- was a time In the history of all peoples when the mili tary safety of the state could not afford to tolerate celibacy, but with the in crease of wealth and comfort the bur den of that obligation is no longer felt. When marriages were more frequent there was less romanticism, perhaps, than there is today, because when a woman was tempted by her necessities to marry for a home she could not af ford to be romantic In her choice, but today women are larger wage-earners and not a few of them prefer a career and pursuits of their own to marriage. The spectacle of unhappy marriages and divorces aired In the courts is not without some effect, and sensible men and women have both discovered that marriage that is not entered into on both sides from high motives Is sure to breed misery and moral corrosion. Bishop Spauldlng, of the Roman Cath olic Church, justly denounces reckless and senseless marriages as an inex haustible source of evil, because they make homes which hinder the school. weaken the church and undermine the social fabric. No law can correct this condition of things. The nobler and purer Influences that help through do mestic and religious education to teach boys and girls from childhood a manly and womanly philosophy of marriage that Is Instinct with moral delicacy and Irreconcilable with a mercenary and loveless union are the most efficient enemies of bad marriages, and only with the decrease of bad marriages will di vorces diminish. France Is the original home of the automobile. On the streets of Paris it has become almost a necessity, being common in the streets and the horse uncommon. In Paris every owner and every chauffeur has to pass a rigid ex amination as to competency. His name and residence, gearage, etc., are taken, and a number given him, which must be placed on the back of the car. No machine Is allowed to stand in the street at any time without being occupied by a licensed operator. The recent Im portation by a New York firm of more than 300 machines to be delivered within one year Is proof. If .any was wanting, that the automobile has come to stay, and Its use Is rapidly 'extending from a sport of the rich to business purposea No automobile has been driven at the speed attained by that whose wreck killed Charles Fair and wife, but there have been a number of fatal accidents, and no machines will be suffered In America to repeat -the speed -which cost- Fair his life. Massa chusetts and Rhode Island are the only states which have adopted a. general law. fifteen miles an hour In the coun try districts for both, and eight miles In Rhode Island and ten miles In Mas sachusetts In town. New York leaves the regulation of speed to each town, village or city. 'Other states have done nothing. If these laws are rigidly en forced with merciless fines for the first offense and imprisonment for the sec ond offense, the publlc might be fairly well protected from this dangerous nuisance which has come to stay. But It is difficult to enforce such laws against a band of reckless "sports" who have "money to burn." In city and town streets eight miles is enough, and fifteen miles is enough on country roads, but this limit Is sure to be exceeded. In France such accidents as befell Charles Fair are not exceptional, and several have recently taken place In Germany. A New Yorker was recently fined In a London court for furious speeding of his automobile. The New York Evening Post points out that for abuse of the public rights it is not easy, to apply on the Continent of Eu rope "the remedy of social ostracism" which Is being used with great success on Long Island, in the Berkshlres and elsewhere in thl3 country. In Great Britain, where the railroads are" man aged so carefully that during 1901 out of 1,500,000 passengers carried not one was killed by a train accident, we may be sure the public will Insist upon re duolng the speed of the automobile to the safety point. The astonishing activity of thieves and rounders at the Seattle Street Fair will serve chiefly to remind Portlanders that their own carnival, held two years ago, closed with .an unbroken record for or der and entire lack of criminal or dls reputable accessories, official or lncl dental. Confidence games and discred itable exhibits of every sort were con spicuous by their utter absence. Tfrls year's carnival win be substantially under the same management, and there Is no reason to doubt that the standard then set will be maintained. Chicago has 300 cases of typhoid fever; Washington has 200 cases. Ty phold fever is conveyed by polluted drinking water, Infected milk, from boIIs saturated with Its germs, and by un cooked vegetables. Flies can also carry Infection. It Is clear from these facts that while a good supply of pure drink Ing water greatly lessens the danger from typhoid fever, nevertheless other things besides Impure water need to be guarded against. Chicago has good water supply and the city has considerable typhoid. The Washington Star's comment on the Idaho ReDUbllcan platform. reDro- rhirpfl In mir dfenatehes this mnrnlnc la pertinent? and entirely justifiable. Idaho has done something well calcu lated to make the country forget the odium accruing- to It from the Ignorant attack of Dubois upon General Wheaton. Wherever this brave and advanced ut terance on the tariff crocs. It will comnel attention and elicit approval. Farther effect Is to be hoped for in Republican platforms 3et to be written. Governor La Follette has withdrawn his vain opposition to Senator Spooner's re-election none too soon. The protest against Spooner's retirement has become National and vehement. The Governor has helped himself In public esteem more than he has helped Spooner. He could only have succeeded by persist ence in discrediting his own faction everywhere, even at home. If Peter Beauchene had gone home,"a3 he should have done, to his wife and child Friday night. Instead of getting drunk In saloons, he would be alive and well today and hl3 family would have a bright instead of a clouded future. And how about his boon companions of thai fatal debauch? WilUthey resume their habits or will they, take a warn ing from his dreadful end? A very good Indication of the true character of the Power anti-merger pro ceedlng 13 the strenuoslty with which men like Cockran and Thomas rush to deny their connection with It The .whole Affair smacks stronger and stronger of blackmail. THINGS LOCAL AND OTHERWISE. Within two months or 10 weeks the Fall rains will begin, putting an end to Port land's greatest charm the close touch with Nature. For the succeeding six months practically no more tramps in the woods, no rowing or sailing, no rides In open cars, no gathering of wild flowers. none of the healthful, natural diversions -which add to the joy of the multitude. Because of our Winter rains. Innocent out-of-door recreation la almost impos sible, and it Is pertinent to Inquire wheth er It would not be worth while to make an effort to provide wholesome Indoor enter tainment for the youth of Portland on Sunday afternoons. I mean the homeivsa big boys and young men with sound body, active brain and good heart, who are here by the thousand; not precisely homeless, but without parental guidance. ''Docs not the Young Men's Christian Association supply this need?" Is a natu ral interrogative. Every candid observer will vouch for the moral efficiency of this great organization In every city peopled by Anglo-Saxons. It Is doing wonderful things also In practical education, and of lato years has taken hold of athletics In a masterful way. Its one weak point 13 that It does not reach low enough. It does not stoop. Old residents of Portland will remember how 25 years ago the Y. M. C. A., under the leadership of men like Will iam Wadhams and the late Captain M. C. Wilkinson, did part of the work now rele gated to the Salvation Army. Youths not accustomed to starched linen fight shy of such fine architectural and decorativo en vironment as marks the new building at Fourth and Yamhill. While one central organization Is suffi cient for Portland or a city of half a million, one building is not enough. There should bo at least four branches one In the "tenderloin" district north of Burn side and east of Sixth, one in South Port land, one on the East Side, and one in Albina. The Men's Resort in North Third street, established by the First Presby terian Church, is doing the work that the Y. M. C. A. Is specially fitted for. Fine buildings are not needed. Ventilation, warmth and light are the only essentials. If the Y. M. C. A. should undertake the suggested expansion, there would be cer tainty of pure moral atmosphere, which every young man In every walk of life ought to breathe. Under wise manage ment these branches could be made part ly. If not wholly, self-sustaining. The youth who carries a night key will agree with you when you tell him that a good book is his best companion, days, nights and Sundays, but it Is the excep tional youth who seeks this companion ship, and if he does he still has time for recreation. The average youth finds It not so easy to "kill time" Sunday after noon In rainy weather as it Is to occupy his evenings, and he seeks recreation where there is -warmth and light and hu man companionship. To secure these he endures foul atmosphere when If left to a choice he would prefer pure moral air. In Portland, as la all other seaports, there are forms of Imported vice that do not spread to the Interior a certain law lessness classified by statute as misde meanors. Temptations, too, there are, known only where deep-sea ships come and go. Therefore greater need exists for enlarging the good work of the Young Men's Christian .Association in Portland. It Is not to our credit that we have al lowed Liverpool to take the Initiative -In establishing a Seamen's Institute here. though we may plume ourselves on having lent ample aid to this sailors' clubroom. Portland Is not unmindful of the obllga tlon to her youth. I believe that amove- rnent looking to the enlargement of the Y. M. . C. A.'s .zone of usefulness would receive hearty support. I have seen too many young men, fitted for exemplary life, fall Into evil ways simply because they did not know what to do with them selves Sunday afternoons. Not long ago there was printed In this column a statement that Frank W. Petty grove, soon after he bought tho townsito of Portland, "conceived the Idea of build ing a wagon road from the river west ward to Tualatin Plains, that ho made a survey showing the road to be feasible, and from his own funds built the road." Mr. George H. HImes', assistant secretary of the Oregon Historical Society, seems to doubt this statement. In a communica tion to Tne Oregonlan he says: "In the Interest of accurate historical statement. I should like to Inquire the source of the authority for the statetment." My au thorlty Is Frank W. Pettygrove himself. He told mo all about It when ho visited Portland on the occasion of a pioneers' reunion In 1SS1 or 1SS2. L. A Midsummer Reverie. J. T. Trowbridge. Around this lovely valley rise The purple hills of paradise. Oh, eoftly on yon banks of haze. Her rosSr face fair Summer lays. Eec&lmed along the azure sky The argosies of cloudland lie. Whose shores, with many a. shining rift. Far off their pearl-white, peaks uplift. Through all the lone midsummer day The meadow sides are sweet with hay. I seek the coolest sheltered eat Just where the field and forest meet Whese grow the pine trees tall and bland, The ancient oaks austere and grand; And frlngy roots and pebbles fret The ripples of Ufa rivulet. I watch the mowers as they go Through the tall grass, a white-sleeved row. With even strokes their scythes they swing. In tune their merry whetstones ring; Behind the nimble youngsters run. And toss the thick swaths In the sun; Tho cattle graze, while, warm and still. Slopes the broad pasture, basks the Mil. And bright, when Summer breezes break. The green wheat crinkles like a lake. The butterfly and bumblebee Come to the pleasant woods with me; Quickly before me runs the "quail. ! Her chickens skulk behind the rail; High up the lone wood-pigeon sits, 1 And the woodpecker pecks and flits. Sweet woodlofid music sinks and swells; The brooklet rings ita tinkling bells; The swarming -Insects drone and hum. The partridge beats hi throbbing drum; The squirrel leaps among the boughs. And chatters In his leafy house. The oriole flashes by; and look! Into the mirror of the brook. Where the vain bluebird trims his ccat. Two tiny feathers fall and float. As silently, as tenderly. The dawn of peace descends on me. Oh. this !s peace! I have no n-eod Of friend to talk or book to read; A dear companion here abides Close to my thrilling heart he hides; The holy science In His voice; I muse and listen and rejoice. A Retrospect. Walter Savage Landor. There aro como wishes that may start Nor cloud the brow nor sting the heart. -Gladly then would I see how smiled One who now -fondles with her child; How smiled she but six years ago. Herself a child, or nearly so. Yes, let me bring before ray sight The silken tresses chain" d up .tight, Tho tiny fingers tlpt with red By tossing up'the strawberry-bed; ! Half-open Hps, long violet eyes, A little rounder with surprise. And then (her chin against the knee) "Mamma! who can that stranger be? How grave the 3xnllo he smiles on met" WHERE ROLLS THE OREGON. Random Notes from Lewis and Clark's Journal. Lewis and Clark have put up three prominent milestones in the record of their journey across the continent. Oni the first Is marked the date when tho Kocky Mountains, tho great .continental divide, rose above the horizon. May 26. 1SGS; on the second when they crossed that divide to the other slope, where the waters ran away before them Into the' Pacific Ocean, August 11. and on the third when they first saw the Pacific Ocean, 1 November 7. These goals marked successive stages In the ambition of Lewis and Clark. The Journey of exploration was the great work of their lives, and its success was to be tho1 crowning achievement of their exist ence. As each goal was reached, tho de light of the explorers found Its way Into their Journal. And even In cold, deadJ type, at a distance of nearly 100 years, their sensations stimulate the zeal of thei reader and make his blood tingle with their sympathetic thrill. 1 At the mouth of Cow Creek, In Central Montana, on the Missouri River. Captain Lewis caught the first glimpse of the Rockies. He ascended the highest summit of the hills that were on the north side of the river. Spread out before him against the western horizon was the ob-' ject of all our hopes and the reward of all our ambition," says the Journal. "When I viewed these mountains I felt a secret pleasure in thus finding myself so near the head of the hitherto con ceived boundless Missouri." writes Cap tain Lewis in the- half-melancholy vein which so distinguished him from Captain Clark. "But when I reflected on the difficulties which this snowy harrier would most probably throw in my way to the Pacific, and the sufferings and hardships of myself and party In them. It In some measure counterbalanced the joy I had felt in the first moments In which I gazed on them; but as I have always held it a crime to anticipate evils. I will believe It a good, comfortable road until I am compelled to believe differ ently." This is a scene worthy of the best painter to depict on canvas, and of the best wrltor to describe In history, poetry and romance. Just as Captain Lewis was the first to see the great divide, so he was the first to cross it. In Lemhi Pass he stood with one foot on tho Atlantic Slope and one on the Pacific The raindrop on this divide flowed half Into- the Missouri River and Gulf of Mexico, and half Into the Colum bia River and Pacific Ocean. He had gone on ahead -of the main party to blaze a trail over the mountains. The thread of the great Missouri had grown smaller and smaller until It lost Itself in a spring of clear water that bubbled out of one of the folds of the mountains. "Thus far I had accomplished one of those great objects on which my mind had been unalterably fixed for many years," says Captain Lewis in recording his feelings. "Judge, then, of the pleasure I felt In allaying my thirst with this pure and Ice-cold water. Two miles below Mc Neal had exultlngly stood with one foot on each side of this little rivulet and thanked his God that he had lived to be stride the mighty and heretofore deemed endless Missouri." Just beyond this spring was tho back bone of America. Over and down the other side passed the Captain, the first man who had ever scaled the barrier. -A rivulet of the Lemhi River that feeds the Salmon, Snake and Columbia Rivers Invited him onward. Down this he Jour neyed to the Lemhi. Here he found final proof that ho was on the Pacific Slope. The proof was a piece of roasted salmon given to him by an Indian. Meanwhile Captain Clark,- In command of the main party, had been tolling up the other sldo of the mountains. His progress had been very 6low and labori ous. Captain Lewis, by means of arti fice and persuasion, had induced Chief Cameahwait, of the Shoshones, to accom pany him back to Captain Clark's party. In order that the Indians might guide and transport them over the mountains. On August 19 the company left behind the slopes of the Missouri. The day before was one of significance to Captain Lewis. There he was on tha dividing line of the continent. But ltwa3 more than this; It was the dividing line of his career his birthday. With It came a higher horizon. A wider consciousness of the world spread out before him from his high point of vantage. His blrthday hrought to him a wider consciousness of himself. "This day I completed my 31st year," he writes, "and conceived that I had in all probability now existed about half the period which I am to remain in thl3 sub lunary world. I reflected that I had as yet done but little very little. Indeed to further the happiness of the human race or to advance the Information of the suc ceeding generation. I viewed with regret the many hours I have spent In indolence, and now sorely feel the want of that In formation which those hours would have given me, had they been Judiciously ex pended. But since they are passed and cannot be recalled. I dash from me the gloomy thought and resolve In future to redoublo my exertions, and at last to promote those two primary objects of human existence by giving them the aid of that portion of my talents which Na ture and fortune have bestowed upon mo, or In future to live for mankind aa I have heretofore lived for myself." Poor Lewis! He was not to live In hi3 new world of consciousness long. Four years and two months later he passed beyond the great dlvld whose other slope draws off we know not where. Ha had already nearly reached the end of "the period which" he was "to remain In this sublunary world." A pathetic Incident marks the parley with the Shoshone Indians. It was the meeting of Chief Cameahwait and his sister, Sacajawea. Tho woman had been taken prisoner In girlhood, and had been married by a Frenchman named Chabo neau, who bought her from her Indian captors. Sacajawea accompanied Lewis and Clark all the way across the conti nent and back again, with a baby in her arms. The woman contributed more than a man's share to the success of the ex pedition, and had more worth than her dlscivlllzed husband. Sacajawea was acting as Interpreter In a conference with the Shoshones. All at once she ran toward Cameahwait and embraced him. She threw her blanket over him and wept profusely. The chief was moved, but In less degree. "She at tempted to Interpret for us, but her new situation seemed to overpower her and she was frequently Interrupted by her tears." Without and Within. A FBAGMENTt Abraham Cowley. Lovo In her sunny eyes doth basking play; Love walks the pleasant mazes of her halrt Loves does on both her Hps for ever stray. And sows and reaps & thousand kisses there; In all ber outward parts love's always eeea; But oh! he never went within.