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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 11, 1901)
12 THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, POHWAND, AUGUST IX, 1901. Influence of Public Opinion. Unselfishness Correct and Salutary Sentiment. Hon. George H. "Williams, o Portland, delivered an address on "Public Opinion," before the Summer School at Newport, Thursday evening. It follows: Public Opinion. Public opinion Is a controlling force In the political and social world constitu tions and creeds are construed to meet Its requirements, and churches and courts are made to feel its Influence. Legisla tive restraints may retard, but they can not prevent, the growth and ultimate as cendency of public opinion. All govern ments In civilized countries, whatever their form may be, reflect to a greater or less extent the views and wishes of the. people whom they respectively rep resent. Public opinion Is formed by edu cation. I do not mean by education what Is taught In schools exclusively or learned from books, but all those environments and Influences by which the thoughts and feelings of people are affected. Public opinion is the aggregation of individual opinions, and therefore the public opinion of a community will be good or bad as the good or bad opinions of Its members preponderate. Reformation should begin at the bottom and work up to the surface of society. Purify the springs and foun tains, and the streams which they pro duce will be pure. I am of the opinion that in our time too much value Is at tached vto the forcible correction of evils through the functions of government, and not enough to the Improvement of indi vidual citizenship. The necessity for this Improvement Is obvious, but the difficulty Is In finding and adopting the best means for its accomplishment. "What Is most needed Is something that will develop and Impart controlling power to the moral faculties of .the Individual. Intellectual cultivation is good as far as it goes, but It frequently happens that, standing alone, It enlarges Instead of restricting the capacity for evil-doing. Looking at the subject In the light of history. It appears to me that the most effective instrumentality for the expan sion and elevation of the moral faculties of man Is the Influence of religious Insti tutions upon human affairs. I do not now refer to any particular source of this in fluence, but Include all sources from the encyclicals of the Roman pontiff to the slum work of the Salvation Army, and the efforts of all charitable and fraternal or ganizations recognizing the existence and overruling providence of a supreme being. I believe it to be the duty of every good and patriotic citizen to support these In stitutions, if for no other reason than on account of their economic effect upon the political and social condition of our country. I know that there are conflict ing creeds and professions in the Chris tian world, and that hypocrites and wicked men are found in the churches; but, after all, there is no church, what ever its creed may be or by whatever name it may be called, that does not teach truth, honesty and justice In the manage ment of human affairs. "Whatever sur face appearances may indicate or what ever obstacles may seem to be in the way, these teachings slowly and perhaps imperceptibly percolate through the in terstices of the social world and produce oftentimes In unexpected and unseen ways their beneficial effect. "Cast thy bread upon the waters, and thou shalt find it after many days." Multitudes of men who Ignore and affect to despise religion are unconsciously made better than they otherwise would be by Its influence, and Robert Q. Ingersoll was quite a different man from what he would have been If he had been born and reared In a pagan land, and with all his boastful skepticism thero is little doubt that the ex ample and influence of his Chris tian father had much to do with the excellence of his character. I pre sume no one will deny that religious in fluences have not only been the pioneers but the upbuilders of the best civiliza tions of the world, and It is an unde niable fact that the more thoroughly a community Is Imbued with these Influ ences, the more good order and peace there will be in that community and less of disorder, vice and crime. One man may reject the Bible and all churches and all creeds, and another may believe in them all, but both are equally inter ested in the welfare of their country, and both are equally interested In those in stitutions that promote the peaco and good order of society. Now, if it be a fact that religious Institutions do pro mote the peace and good order of so ciety, then both are equally bound to support such institutions. "What I want to emphasize is that the development and cultivation of our moral faculties Is the greatest necessity of the age, and that religious institutions are the best means now known to stimulate and ex pand these faculties. Moral excellence, in my Judgment, Is essential to patriot ism. To enlist In the Army, to fight our foes, is only a part of patriotism, for patriotism means love of country, love of its lnstltutons, Its liberties, its Jus tice and its honor. Too Much Commercialism. I want to say as forcibly as I can that there ought to be more of the moral ele ment and less of commercialism in our public opinion. I know that offering this suggestion is much like casting rushes be fore a raging torrent; but words sown upon the wind may in God's good time find a resting place of fertility and growth. I am thoroughly optimistic in my views of the future, but with all my faith and high hopes I cannot shut my eyes to the fact that there Is among our people a feverish and frantic desire to become sud denly and immensely rich, with too little regard to the demands of justice and hu manity. I believe it is right to call this an evil, but confess that I do not know of any adequate remedy for its correction; but the best that can be done, as it seems to me. In the direction of a rem edy, is to soften the hearts, subdue the selfishness and awaken the sympathies of men for each other. This, of course, will be slow work, but the constant drop, ping of water will wear a stone, and under line upon line and precept upon precept, the hard heart may be made to yield to the better Impulses of its nature. Politicians and others talk about legis lative enactments to repress this evil, but much of this talk Is insincere; and, be sides, legislative enactments that do not embody and represent public opinion are for the most part a delusion and a snare My faith in legislation to make men good, moral or generous Is a minor quan tity. Acts which the moral sense of manklndv condemn as criminal may be successfully prohibited and punished, but acts which public opinion holds to be simply inexpedient cannot be put down by penal enactments. Mammon will never be dethroned until kind and generous hearts obtain control of the groveling propensities of sordid natures. .obse5vatlons lmPress me with the belief that the most effective way of over coming the cruel selfishness of the world Is to impregnate the hearts of the people with the teachings of Je"sus of Nazareth. I am not now talking about ills divinity or his miracles or anything of the sort, and for the present purpose I put them aside; but what I mean to say Is, that in sofar as a man adopts the principles he taught. Insofar he will be considerate and careful of the interests of his fellow man. "Whatever one may think of theological dogmas, no one will deny that these prin ciples make an Ideal standard of righteous living, and the more they are infused In to public opinion, the more people will have of what they most desire peace, harmony and happiness. Some persons contend that socialism or the forcible equalization of property Is the remedy for the undue accumulation of -wealth, but this is like destroying the body to purify the blood. Human nature cannot be changed by changing the rules and regulations of society. All men alike. tKe Vital Element of a poor and rich, love money and the root of this love is not in conventional arrange ments but in 'the human heart, and the most that can be done under the best in fluences is to make this love subordinate to the higher sentiments of kindness and sympathy. All classes of people. It seems to me, rely too much for social advance ment upon some extraneous compulsion Imposed by one class upon another, which means of reformation is liable to be changed as one class or the other gains the supremacy; but the reformation that stays, if there is any such, Is the reformation of the individual man. Goodness as a gen eral rule Is not an enforced quality. So ciety is not a thing manufactured to or der, but is a growth indigenous to man's nature and the laws which Inhere In Its existence will work out their natural and legitimate results in spite of artificial stimulants or restraints as surely as wa ter will seek its level. "We are confronted with a 9udden and extraordinary outgrowth of trusts, mo nopolies and corporations filling the minds of many people with painful apprehen sions as to the future. I do not fully share In these apprehensions, because I do not believe in the permanency of any business policy that Is unnatural or un just. Combinations of capital are not necessarily unjust. They have always existed and always will exist, but when these combinations step out of the sphere of legitimate business and enter upon a speculative policy and become extortion ate and oppressive, their ultimate failure is a mere matter of time. Competition, dissension among stockholders, stock wa tering, popular prejudice and adverse leg islation are inherent elements of their weakness and my opinion Is, that after this mad rush for corporate combinations has had its day, a reaction will come to strew with wreckage the return to sound business principles. Not a few of these combinations of capital in my Judgment are prompted less by avarice than by a desire for distinction. Money power, like political power, gratifies ambition. Poli ticians, trust promoters and prizefighters "are of imagination all compact" and what they value more than anything else is notoriety, and the Associated Press is their trumpet for that purpose. When Mr. Croker in Europe speaks of c6mlng home on some ship, or Mr. J. P. Morgan drops a remark about his health, or Mr. Jef fries says he wants to fight somebody, the newspapers give this important infor mation to the people and thus the temple of fame Is opened to these aspirants. Good Influence Gaining: Ground. "While it Is lamentably true that there is too much commercialism in public opin ion, It Is also true that conditions in this respect are not now as bad as they have been, or in other words, the greed for gain is not now so narrow, sordid and mean as it formerly was. I believe that good influences are gaining ground and that the world in all respects has im proved and Is on the high road of im provement. Our pessimistic friends are like a man in a thunder storm, who when the black clouds gather, the thunders roll and the lightnings flash, Imagines that the world is coming to an end, when, in fact, the elemental commotion Is only the precursor of a clearer atmosphere and a brighter sunshine. Never before has there been a time when the necessary cruelties of war were so ameliorated by acts of kindness and when there was such a strong public opinion for the peaceable adjustment of international disputes. Never have the habitations of men been as good and as conducive to tTie health, comfort and happiness of their Inmates as they are now. Never has the laboring man been so intelligent, so highly respect ed, so Independent and so well paid for his labor as he Is now. Never before have travel and transportation been as cheap and convenient as they are now. Never before now were there any ocean cables, telegraphs and telephones to facilitate In tercourse between Individuals and nations. Never before have physicians and sur geons been so able as they are now to help and heal the sicknesses and sufferings of their fellow men. Never have the arts and sciences been so advanced, so attrac tive and so useful as they are now. Never have the diffusion of knowledge and pop ular education been so universal as they are now. Never have rich men been so liberal In donations to public institutions as they aro now, and by now I do not mean so much the Immediate present as the latter half of the 19th century. I d.o not deny that great evils exist at the present time, but the way to judge of a landscape is not to stand in a cellar and look through a knothole, but to stand on an eminence and survey the whole sur rounding country; and so to judge whether things are better or worse than they have been Is not to shut ourselves up to pass ing events, but to take into our view the features of all history. I wish to make what perhaps may be considered an impertinent remark as to donations by rich men. Most of these do nations are made to universities, colleges or other high-class educational Institu tions all of this Is very well, but it seems to me that If these rich men would give more for the establishment and' support of hospitals, asylums, refuge homes, homes for orphans, destitute children and indi gent and infirm old persons they would put their money where it would do the most good. I have little or no sympathy for the able-bodied tramp or beggar, but the heart must be hard Indeed that Is not moved by an Infirm and friendless old man or woman tottering down to a pauper's grave. One of the best and most beautiful of charities is that which provides for the care and protection Df neglected or desti tute children. To take care of these lit tle ones, Is not only to save them from Ignorance, suffering and perhaps ruin, but io implant In their memories a sunny spot to shed Its helpful rays over the struggles and sorrows of future life. I know of no way in which a rich man can serve God and his country better than to provide, food, raiment and com fortable homes for the poor, needy and neglected children who roam the streets of our cities. Our free schools afford all the facilities necessary to fit our young people for the ordinary avocations of life and for good citizenship, and those who want a collegiate course can be left safely to state Institutions, their own exertions or the care of family and friends without the beneficence of other persons. Evil of the Yellow Journal. I want to say a few words as to the Influence of the newspaper press upon public opinion. Newspapers are more numerous and more ably conducted now than ever before, and wield an Incalcula ble Influence upon the thoughts and actions of men. Some of this Influence is good and some of it is bad. Newspa pers are the winged messengers of intel ligence. "What arc lights are to the dark streets of a city, they are to the avenues of knowledge to the people. To those traveling the highways of trade and traf fic they are what the compass is to the mariner upon the sea. They are the searchlights of the political world, but their moral influence is not what it might be or what it ought to be. " Some of these papers, without regard to truth or de cency, pander to the appetites for filth of the vicious classes, but others, more respectable, admit td their columns what as it seems to me Is worse than useless to their readers. I refer particularly to the publication of crimes and criminal practices, which In my judgment has a demoralizing effect People as they be come more familiar with vice and crime become more Indifferent or more Insen sible to their wickedness; as Pope says: Vice is a monster of so frightful micn As to be hated needs but to be seen; But seen too oft, familiar with her face, "We first endure", then pity, then embrace. Theso publications are objectionable on account of their suggestiveness. No father would put into xthe hands of his child a book devoted to the description of suicides, seductions, murders, and all sorts of crimes, because such a book would suggest thoughts of evil which might not otherwise occur to the child, and In this respect men are but "chil dren of a larger growth." Some of our newspapers furnish U3 with an abundance of this kind of literature. I do not see how the people of Oregon are benefited by publishing here the'fact that a man in Maine has murdered his wife and chil dren and then committed suicide. There is no profit and certainly no pleasure in such reading. Newspapers may be ex pected to publish the current criminal events of public interest in the commu nity where they circulate, but that 13 no reason why the criminal statistics of all countries should be exploited in their columns. Sometimes It Is said the peo ple want these publications, and there fore they are made, but this is more than doubtful; but If such is the case, the excuse Is a poor one; for It might as well be argued that the glutton should have all he can eat because he wants it, or the drunkard all the whisky he can drink because he craves it. If the public taste Is so viti ated, its debasement ought to be cor rected, and not cultivated. One remark more about the public press. No one will deny to the newspapers the right to criticise public men and expose WILLIAM WALDORF NEW YORK'S EXPATRIATED MULTI-ailLLIOXAIRE WILIi GO ON ENGLISH TURF. William Waldorf Astor, the expatriated American millionaire, has tried various methods of gaining a secure foothold in English society, but without achieving tho success he desires. Now he Is to start a racing stable, on a scale commensurate with his millions. their shortcomings, but the indiscrimi nate abuse of men in office in which some newspapers Indulge Is productive of mere evil than good. Many people dependent on the newspapers for their Information take up the idea that our Government is rotten from top to bottom, and that most of our public men, if not all of them, are "grafters," as they are called; when the fact is that the administration of our public affairs, considering the number of those engaged In it, is as free from pecu lation and fraud as it ever has been since the formation of the Government. I have had a fairly good opportunity to judge, and my opinion is that politicians and public men, while there are bad ones among thfm, are as honest and trust worthy as any other class of our citi zens. Our public men are under the same fierce light that beats upon a throne, and their faults, small and great, are blazoned to the world, while tho man who adulterates our food or cheats his neighbor in a trade Is subject to little or no publicity. I do not believe that it Is wise to impress the public mind with the Idea that everybody and everything in the political world is wicked, wrong and out of order. One way, and an effective way, to sow the seeds of dishonesty is to assume that people are dishonest because their views or actions do not happen to please us. Faith, hope and courage for communities as well as individuals are better than doubt, discouragement and despair. "When we read In the public journals about murders, embezzlements, forgeries and other crimes, we aro apt to feel gloomy and to forget that where there Is one criminal there are thousands and tens of thousands of good, peaceable and law-abiding citizens who have no newspaper notoriety. -They are the salt of the earth. They 'will save tho state. Our Institutions are In no more danger from these scattered criminals than day light Is from spots upon the sun. Influence of the Clergy. Next to the public press, the most po tent Influence upon public opinion pro ceeds from our clergy. Some of these gentlemen are erratic, some have a zeal not according to knowledge, and some are illiberal in their views, but the ag gregate result of their labors, without question, is to uplift humanity to a high er and better life. Roman Catholics dif fer from Protestants, and Protestants differ from each other, in their church regulatldns and rituals, but to my mind this is of no great consequence, because they are all working to make men good, and to this end all inculcate the exercise of truth, temperance, charity and the other Christian virtues. I know it is unorthodox to say it, but X cannot divest my mind of tho conviction that it makes but very little difference what a man be lieves, so far as the welfare of society is concerned, provided his belief makes him honest. Just and generous in all tho ways of his life. Clergymen are sometimes charged with advocating impracticable theories, as prohibition, for example. Experience seems to show that prohibition Is not practicable In the present state of public opinion, but Its advocates keep up an agitation upon the subject, and this agi tation promotes the cause of temperance. To say that there Is not half as much drunkenness in our country now as there was 25 years ago would perhaps be going -too far but it Is pretty safe to say that there is very much less, and the advo cates of prohibition have been no small factors in producing this result. To work for an unattainable ideal is not repre hensible. The man who strives to reach the top of a mountain may fall, but he will be higher up than the man who is content to stay at the bottom. Agita tion as a general rule Is a good thing. Farmers agitate the soil for a crop. The agitation of water makes It clear and wholesome. Storm and wind purify the atmosphere. Agitation in the political, social and moral world stirs things up and brings the rights and wrongs of men into public view and discussion. I am not afraid of the agitation now Kolng on between capital and labor. Un- happy outbreaks and attendant losses may occur, but liberty and justice are scarred by such incidents. Combinations of capital justify combinations of labor, and if the wage earners of cur country will avoid lawlessness and depend upon their united strength and Influence, they will succeed In securing a Just compensa tion for their labors and deserve the sup port of all those people whose God is not the Almighty Dollar. Relative to the Influence of clergymen, Is the much discussed question as to whether or not religion Is gaining or losing ground. Judging from appear ances, which are not always a safe basis for one's judgment, I should eay, that sectarianism, dogmatic theology, the cer emonials of religion and the claim to the inerrancy of the Scriptures were losing the hold they formerly had upon -the pop ular mind, but that the essential teach ings of Jesus Christ are gaining ground, I entertain no doubt. They are gaining ground because they are in harmony with the divine intuitions innate in every hu man heart. They are the evidences and at the same time the inspiration of evo lution In the spiritual world. Science maintains that by an evolutlonarypro cess, the lowest form of animal life has been elevated into the intellectual and spiritual being called man, and if this be so, it must be due to the existence of one of those laws by which the universe Is ASTOR TO BE A SPORT. governed. Is there any reason to sup pose that this law passed out of exist ence at the appearance of man? Is It not more reasonable to suppose that this elevating process is going on Indefinitely, inasmuch as It has God for Its maker and eternity for its operation? ,J do not believe that all the truths of religion are known any more than I believe that all the truths of science are known; not that there Is to be any new religion or the need of any, but that "there Is noth ing covered that shall not be revealed and hid that shall not bo known." Jesus said to his disciples that "when the spirit of truth is come he will guide you into all truth," which is a strong implication that there are truths in religion which he did not unfold. I believe that this spirit is an ever-vigilant and untiring worker, and that his office Is to enlight en and elevate the spiritual part of man. Everywhere the human mind is strug gling to fathom the mysteries of the un seen world. There Is a spirit behind and a promise before these struggles. Such aspirations were not implanted in human nature for no purpose. They were placed there to respond to the Divine Injunction, "Seek and ye shall find, knock and it shall be opened unto you." I have said that public opinion Is an aggregation of individual opinions, which implies a personal responsibility of every one in the formation of that opinion. Good men and good women Mhould try to make that opinion what It ought to be. Unselfishness Is tho vital element of a correct and salutary public opinion. Kind words and kind deeds anticipate the prophetic time when "righteousness and peace shall kiss each other." "Be kind to one another" Is the best gospel that ever was preached. I say with Burns: "The heart benevolent and kind the most resembles God." Then scatter the sunbeams of kindness, Though jour deeds may never be known; The harvest will ripen in glory If the seeds be faithfully sown. And life will close with a blessing And fade Into endless day, Like golden hues of the sunbeam That fade In tho twilight gray. rTBE ARMY CANTEEN. Statement of Prohibition Vlevra Thereupon. PORTLAND, AugTV. (To the Editor.) Tour editorial of tho 8th, "Moro .Error About the Canteen," seems unfair unfair to The Oregonlan and its readers, because It deals with an imaginary question, or a perversion of the question, which is worse; unfair to Mr. Ferguson, because by reference to the files of his own paper, the New Voice, his exact statements coufd have been obtained, together with his re ply to the paper which misquoted him. His statement was to the effect that the foundation for the disease in the Army before Santiago was, in his judg ment, laid in the canteens maintained in the American camps before sailing to Cuba. Mr. Ferguson Is as well posted on con oytions at Chickamauga, Tampa and San tiago as the Inter Ocean. He knows as well what ho said as the Inter Ocean, which opens Its columns to the campaign of utter and diabolical falsehood, now be ing assiduously carried on concerning the effect of the removal of the canteen from Army posts, and which has yet to make its first retraction, after positive and un impeachable proof of the falsity of its statements has been submitted and re traction demanded In the interests of truth and honor of the soldiers who have been so scandalously vilified by the "press reports" which have gone the rounds of tho dally papers. One of the rank slanders that the can teen propaganda has hatched was against the soldiers at Fort Snelllng, St Paul, whose canteen had been closed. This falsehood was demolished by the com mander at Fort Shelling, who at the same time emitted a spark of genuine man.- hood and proof of soldierly qualities by adding the refreshing, reassuring remark that he could maintain discipline at his post with or without a canteen. Let us hope "there are others." You are no doubt correct In stating that an effort will be made In the next Con gress to repeal the present law, and yet It Is a fact thoroughly established that at no Army post has conditions been any worse since than before the closing of the canteen. While It may remain Impossible to get the truth concerning the effect of the re moval of the canteen before the peoplo through the dally press, let not your readers forget that every Senator and Congressman will be furnished with posi tive proof that the abominable stories of "riot" and "disorder" and the long cate gory of evils growing out of the closing of the canteen, so persistently published In the news columns and voluminously com mented upon editorially In the leading dailies, have not the slightest foundation in truth. F. M'KERCHER. BIRTH OF THE MOON. And Portents of the Death, of the Earth. Professor Holden in Harper's Magazine. The earth revolves on its axi9 once In 24 hours. Millions of years ago the day was 22 hours; millions of years before, It wa3 21 hours. As we look backward Into time we find the earth revolving faster and faster. There was a time, ages ago, long before geology begins, when the earth was rotating in a day of five or six hours in length. In the remotest past the earth revolved in a day of about five hours. It could revolve no faster than this and remain a single unbroken mass. It was at this time that the moon was born separated, broken off, from the par ent mass of the earth. The earth was then a molten flattened sphere of lava. Its whole body was fluid. The tides, which now aro small, superficial, and, so to say, local, were then universal and Immense. They occurred at short intervals. The whole surface of our globe was affected. And the corresponding lunar tides, In the fluid, molten moon were Indefinitely greater etlll.' Our day Is now 24 hours; the distance of the moon is now 240.0CO miles. When our day was about five hours long the moon was In contact with the earth's surface. It had ju9t broken away from its parent mass. As the length of the terrestrial day increased, so did the distance of the moon. Tho two quantities are connected by Inexorable equations. If one varies, so must the other. Whenever the rota tion time of a planet Is shorter than the period of revolution of Its satellite, the effect of their mutual action Is. to accel erate the motion of the satellite and to force It to move in a larger orbit to In crease Its distance, therefore. The day of the earth Is now shorter than the month the period of revolution of the moon. The moon Is therefore slow ly receding from us, and it has been reced ing for thousands of centuries. But the day of the earth Is, as we have seen, slowly growing longer. The finger of the tides Is always pressing upon the rim of our huge flywheel, and slowly but sure ly lessening tho, speed of Its rotation. So long as the terrestrial day Is shorter than the lunar month, the moon will continue to recede from us. From Governor Pennoyer. PORTLAND, Aug. 10. D. R. N. Black burn, Esq., Salem, Or. My Dear Sir: I notice by the morning paper that you have brought suit at Salem against me. as a member of the State Land Board, for the defalcations of Sllate Officer Davis. While I would have preferred to have had the suit prosecuted here, and would now ask for a change of venue, yet If It be your purpose to put us to tho extra trouble and expense of appearing- for defense at Sa lem, I must acquiesce, and this is to ap prise you that If such be your determi nation, in order to save expense to the state, I will make my voluntary appear ance there at the time of trial without formal service of papers, only requesting that a copy of fhe complaint shall, be forwarded me. Very respectfully, SYLVESTER PENNOYER. What He Missed. Washington Post. Admiral Cervera says he never met Ad miral Sampson. Had he been cruising about In West Indian waters Just prior to the war In a vessel that would net a lump of prize money the Spanish Admir al would doubtless have had the honor and pleasure of forming the acquaintance of the valorous Sampson. The unrivalled boquet that Cook's Im perial Extra Dry has, has made it a fa vorite with all good judges. ShSIdren " We hare three children. Before the birth of the last one my wife used four bot tles of MOTHER'S FRIEND. If you had the pictures of our children, you could see at a glance that the last one Is healthiest, prettiest and finest-looking: of them all. My wife thinks Mother's Friend is the greatest and grandest remedy In , the world for espect ant mothers." Written ba Ken tucky Attorney-at -Law. FRIEH prevents nine-tenths ef the suffering Incident to child birth. Tbe cominsr mother's disposition and temper remain unruffled throughout the ordeal, because this relax ing, penetrating liniment relieves the usual distress. A good-natured mother Is pretty sure to have a good-natured child. The patient is kept in a strong, healthy condition, which the child also inherits. Mother's Friend takes a wife through the crisis quickly and almost painlessly. II assists in her rapid recovery, -and wards off the- dangers that so often follow de livery. Sold by drufulsts for $1 a bottle. THE BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO ATLANTA, OA. Send for our free illustrated book wrltts expressly for expectant mothers. TRAVELERS' GUIDE. CLARK'S CRUISE OF THE "CELTIC." THE LARGEST STEAMER IN THE WORLD. To the MEDITERRANEAN and the ORIENT FEBRUARY 8 TO APRIL 22. 1902, 74 DATS COSTING ONLT ?400 AND UP. First-class, including Shore Excursions. Guides, Fees, Hotel, Drives, etc. Tho cheapest and most attractive trip leaving the U. S. next Winter, covering the most Ground and affording the most sight-seeing. The magnificent White Star Line new; twin screw steamer "Celtic" (20.8SO tons), a float ing palace, specially chartered for the round trip. Length. 700 feet; breadth, 75 feet; U decks: 83 single rooms. SPECIAL FEATURES Madeira, Algiers. Malta. 18 DATS IN EGYPT and the HOLY LAND. Constantinople. Athens, Rome, the Riviera, etc. A course of eight lectures. Tick ets good to stop over in Europe and feturn later on the "Oceanic." "Majestic." etc. The "Celtic" arrived In New York, August 4 on her maiden voyage. FRANK c, CLARK, 111 Broadway, New York. Prom i 'IHW TRAVELERS GUIDE. The best the land affords Aboard the St. Louis Special you can fare on tho best? the land af fords. The dlnlng-car menu is varied, the charges reasonable, the ser vice prompt, and the cooking be yond criticism. Other noteworthy features are: The table linen, which is of tho very finest quality; the sliver, which bears the hall-mark of one of Chicago's besf-known silver smiths; and the china, genuine Havlland, made at Limoges, France, especially for Burlington Route dining-cars. The St. Louis Special leaves Portland at 11:30 P. M. dally for Omaha, 'Denver, Kansas City, St. Joseph and Stv Louis. Only thro train from Northwest to South east. i TICKET OFFICE! Cor. Third and Stark SU. R. W. Fcstar. Tickat Aaont. Time Card of Trains PORTLAND Leaves. Arrives. "North Coast Limited".. 2:00 P. M. 7.00 A. M. Twin City. St. Louis & Kan. City Special 11:30 P.M. 8.00 P.M. Puget Sound Limited, for South Bend, Gray's Harbor, Olympla, Ta coma and Seattle 8:35 A.M. 5:15 P.M. Two trains dally to Spokane, Butte, Helena, Minneapolis, St. Paul and the East. A. D. CHARLTON. Asst. General Pass. Agt.. 255 Morrison street. Portland, Or. FMREATNOKIHEBJi) Ticket Office. 122 Third St. Phone 630 LEAVE Tho Flyer, dally to and ARRIVE No. 3 vr j urom si. i-uui. .aiinnc a polls, Duluth, Chicago, land all points East. 6:00 P. M, 7.00 A. M. Through Palace and Tourist Sleepers, Dining and Bullet Smoklng-Llbrary Cars. JAPAN - AMERICAN LINE 5TEAMSHIP RIOJUN MARU For Japan, China, and all Asiatic points will leave Seattle Abnut August 6th Astoria & Columbia River Railroad Co. LEAVES Dei;0sttfee"..and I ARRIVES For Maygers, Rainier, Clatskanle. Westport. Clifton, Astoria. War renton, Flavel, Ham mond. Fort Stevens. Gearhart Pk., Seaside, Astoria and Seashore Express, Dally. Astoria Express. Dally. 8:00 A.M. 11:10 A.M. 0:55 P. M. 112:30 P. M, 9:40 P. M. Dally except Saturday. Saturday only. Ticket office 255 Morrison st. and Union Depot. J. C. MAYO. Gen. Pass. Agt., Astoria, Or. Pacific Goast Steamship Go. FOR NOME The magnificent new steel Steamship Senator will sail from Seattle and Tncoma dirccL From Tacoma 12 m., Seattlo 4 p. m.. Sept 1st Vnr rates, reservations and other Information apply to the company's agents N. POSTON, 249 Washington st., Portland, Or. Ticket Office 907 Paclflo avenue, Tacoma. G. M. LEE, Ticket Agent. F. W. CARLETON, N. P. R. R. Dock, Ta coma, Wash. Ticket Offlca 618 First avenue, Seattle. M. TALBOT. Comm'l Agent. C. W. MILLER. Asst. Gen'l Agent. Ocean Dock, Seattle, Wash. GOOD ALL. PERKINS & CO.. General Agents, San Francisco. BOSTON ti LIVERPOOL via QUEENST0W.1 New England, Twin Screw, 11.600. Aug. 14 Commonwealth, Twin Screw, 13.000, Aug. 28 PORTUND to LIVERPOOL Vancouver ...Aur. 31 Vancouver Oct. 5 C&mbroman ...Sept. 5DomInIon Sept. 14 THOMAS COOK & SON,- P. C Qea'l Aienu, 621 Market SL, Su Frandscs, Csl. WHITE COLLAR LINE STR. BAUJEY GATZERT, DALLES ROUTE. Dally round trips. Leaves foot Alder street every .morning at 7 o'clock, except Monday. Arrive at The Dalles 3 P. M. Leave Tho Dalles 4 P. M. Arrive Portland 10 P. M. Landings- Vancouver, Cascade Locks, St. Martin's Springs, Hood River, White Salmon, Lyle and The Dalles. ASTORIA ROUTE. STR. TAHOMA Alder-street Dock), Leaves Portland dally every morning at 7 o'clock, except Sunday. Returning, leaves As toria every night at 7 o'clock, except Sunday. Oregon phone Main 351. Columbia phone 301. NORTHERN PACIFIC STEAMSHIP CO., Successors to WASHINGTON & ALASKA STEAMSHIP CO. Fast mall, express and passenger service for SKAGWAY, calling at Port Townsend. Ketchi kan and Juneau, connecting with White Pass & Yukon Route for Dawson. Atlln and all Tukon River points. Through bllla of lading Issued. S3. VICTORIAN. Aug. 3, 13. 23. SS. CITY OF SEATTLE, Aug. 8. 18, 28. From Seattle, at 8 P. M. DODWELL & COMPANY, Ltd., General Agents. 252 Oak et. Telephone Main 90. V VVM1V,iiVSOiTO &VENTLRA SS. MARIPOSA, for Honolulu. Saturday, Aug. 10. 2 P. M. SS. SONOMA, Honolulu. Auckland and Syd ney .Thursday. August 22. 10 A. M SS. AUSTRALIA, for Tahiti, Spt. 11, 10 A.M. J. I. JfKKELS at MR. Ci , Eiciral Amb. 32? Kilt St Ifi'i ftftwyrlffft, H3 KtrW SL, Fw ft. 7, Pscdcft Www TRAVELERS' GUIDE. Oregon Shot line ambUNIQMPACIHG three trains daily for all points east UNION DEPOT. Leave. CHICAGO-PORTLAND SPECIAL. For the East via Hunt ington. 9.00 A. M. 4:30 P. M. Dally. Dally. SPOKANE FLYER. For Eastern Washing ton. Walla Walla. Lew lston. Coeurd'AIene and Gt. Northern Points. 600 P. M. 7:00 A.M. Dally. Dally. ATLANTIC EXPRESS For the East via Hunt 9-00 P. M. 8:10 A. M. Dally. Dally. ington. OCEAN AND RIVER SCHEDULE. FOR SAN FRAN CISCO. From Alnsworth Dock. FOR ASTORIA and way points, connecting with str. for Ilwaco and North Beach, str. H&3 salo. Ash-street Dock. 8.00 P.M. Dally ex. Sunday. Sat. 10 P.M. 5:00 P. M. Datlr. Ex. Sun. STEAMER T. J. POTTER. For Astoria and Ilwaco. dally except Sunda) and Monday. Leaves Ash-Street Dock this wee as follows: Tuesday, 7:30 A. M.; Wednesday Thursday and Friday at 0 A. M.; Saturday, 10:30 A. M. FOR SALEM and way0-45 A. M. 3.00 P. M. Tues.. Thurs., Sat. 3.00 P.M. Mon., Wed., FrU points, str. Elmore, Mon., Ash-street Dock. Water permitting. Wed., Frl. 7:00 A. M Tues., Thurs.. Sat. FOR DAYTON. Ore gon City and Yamhill River points, str. Mo doc. Ash-street Dock. Water permitting. TICKET OFFICE. Third and Washington. Telephone Main 712. PORTLAND & ASIATIC STEAMSHIP CO. For Yokohama and Hong Kong, calling at Kobe, Nagasaki and Shanghai, taking freight via connecting steamers for Manila. Port Ar thur and VladlvostocJc INDRAPURA SAILS AUGUST 28. For rates and full Information call on or ad dress officials or agents of O. R. & N. Co. EAST m SOUTH Leave Depot Fifth and I I Street. Arrive OVERLA5D EX PRESS TRAINS, for Salem, Rose burg, Ashland. Sac r a m e n to. Ogden, San Francisco, Mo jave, Los Angeles, El Paso, New Or leans and the East. At W o o d b urn (dally except Sun day), morning train connects with train for ML Anrel. SIl- 8:30 P.M. 8:30 A.M. 7:45 A. M. 7:20 P. M. verton, B r o w n.a -v 1 1 le , Springfield. ana xsairon. ana Albany Local for Mt. Angel and Sll- verton. Albany passenger.... Corvallls passenger. Sheridan passenger.. 4:00 P.M. 7:30 A. M. 114:50 P.M. 10:10 A. M. 5:50 P. M. 118:25 A. M. Dally. HDally except Sunday. Rebate tickets on sale between Portland. Sac ramento and San Francisco. Net rates $21.25 first class and $14 second class. Including Bleeper. Rates and tickets to Eastern points and Eu rope. Also JAPAN. CHINA, HONOLULU and AUSTRALIA. Can be obtained from J. B. KIRKLAND, Ticket Agent. 140 Third street. YAMHILL DIVISION. Passenger Depot, foot of Jefferson atreet. Leave for Oswego dally at 7:20, 0:40 A. M.; 12 30. 1:55. 3:25. 4:40. 6:25. 8:30. 11:30 P. M.; and O.OO A. M. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland dally at 0:35. 8:30, 10.50 A. M.; 1:35. 3:10. 4:30. 0:15. 7:40. 10.00 P. M.: 12:40 A. M. dally, except Monday, 8:30 and 10.03 A. M. on Sundays only Leae for Dallas dally, except Sunday, at 5 05 P. M. Arrive at Portland at 0:30 A. M. Passenger train leaves Dallas for Alrlla Mon days Wednesdays and Friday at 3:50 P. M Returns Tuesdays, Thursday and Saturdays. Except Sunday. R. KOHLER, Manager. C. H. MARKHAM. Gen. Frt. & Pass. Agt. Northern Commercial Co. Nome St. Michael Yukon River Sailing dates approximate only. From From San Francisco. Seattlo. Conemaugh Aug. 3 Aug. 10 St. Paul Aug. xu :-'"ii Portland Aug. 2a Connecting at St. Michael for Dawson City and all Intermediate points. For rates of passage, freight and other par ticulars apply to Empire Transportation Co. PuQet Sound Agent Seattle, Wash. Pacific Coast Steamship Co. For Sauth-Eastcrn Masks Leave Seattle 9 P. M. Steamships QUEEN, COT TAGE CITY. CITY OF.TO PEKA and AL-KI. July 5, 9. 12. 14. 19. 22. 24, 20: Aug. 1. a 13 14. IS. 23. 5S. in For further Information obtain company's folder. The company reserves the right to change steamers, sailing dates and hours of sailing, without previous notice. AGENTS N. POSTON. 249 Washington St. Portland. Or.; F. W CARLETON. N. P. R. R. Dock. Tacoma: Ticket Office. 018 First ave., Seattle. M. TALBOT. Comm'l Agt., C.W. MIIA LER. Asst. Gen'l Agt., Ocean Dock. Seattle; GOODALL. PERKINS & CO., Gen'l Agents. San Francisco. COLUMBIA RIVER SCENERY The Dalle Route Mm, IpJf SUNSET -n O 0GEEN4SHASTU-J) Un ROUTES HQJ XRCGULATOfjX R- LINE ffi-L Steamers dally, except Sunday, between PORTLAND, CASCADE LOCKS, HOOD RIV ER and THE DALLES. Leave Oak-street Dock night and day at T A. M. and 11 P. M. M. V. HARRISON, W. CALLAWAY. Agent, Portland. General Agent. For Oregon City, Salem Way Landings Steamers Altona and Pomona, for Salem and way landings, dally except Sunday, 6.45 A. M. Steamer Leona. for Oregon City, leaves week, days 8.30, 11:30 A. M., 3 and 6:15 P. M.: Sundays, leaves 8, 0:30. 11 A. M.. 1. 2:30, 4. 5-80. 7 P. M., Oregon City, round trips 2c. OCIcq and dock foot Taylor st.