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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 29, 1920)
6 TITE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1920 ESTABLISHED BY HENRY I- P1TTOCK. Published by The Oregonlan Publishing Co.. Ilia Sixth Street. Portland. Oregon. C. A. MOKDEN. E. B. PIPER, Manager. Editor. The Oreg-onlan ia a member of the Asso ciated Press. Tb& Associated Press is ex clusively entitled to the use for puDllcatlon of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this paper and also the local news published herein. AH rights of publication of special dispatches here in are also reserved. Bubscriptlon Kates In variably in Advance. (By Mall.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year $8.00 Dally. Sunday Included, six months. . 4.25 Ial)y, Sunday Included, three months 2.25 Daily. Sunday included, one month... .73 Daily, without Sunday, one year.... 6.00 Dally, without Sunday, six months... 3.25 Daily, without Sunday, one month .60 "Weekly, one year ...... 1.00 Sunday, one year ................... COO (By Carrier.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year $9.00 Dally. Sunday included, thre months 2.25 Daily. Sunday Included, one month.. .75 Daily without Sunday, one year..... 7.80 Daily, without Sunday, three months.. l.Oo Daily, without Sunday, one month.... .60 How to Remit Send postoffice money ordwr. express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's risk. Give postoffice address In full, including; county and state. Postage Rates 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent; IS to -'1 pages. 2 cents; 34 to 4S pages. 3 cents; 50 to 04 pages, 4 cents; 60 to 80 pages. 5 cents; 82 to 06 pages, 6 cents. Foreign postage double rales. Eastern Business Office Verree & Conk lin. Brunswick building. New York. Verree & Conklin. Steger building, Chicago; Ver ree & Conklin. Free Presa building. De troit. Mich. San Francisco representative. R. J. Bidwell. WmO AM) REPUBLICANS'. The Scio -Tribune, turning a ret rospective eye to the days of the nation's second youth, finds a re markable parallel between the con- j dition of the Republican party to day, and the 'Whig party of the I fifties. The Whigs, after a career which compassed the activities of a notable American generation, went to pieces on the irrepressible ques tion of slavery. "The Republican party of today is in much the same condition," gloom ily asserts the Tribune. "The pro league and anti-league elements will not fuse, and the progressive or Roosevelt element -cannot be welded to the old guard or reactionary ele ment." It would appear to be a sufficient answer for-the present to say that the various elements of the republi can party have merged. They sur vived the wide-open breach of 1912, when a new party was formed out of what were thought to be the mangled and scattered remains of the Repub lican party; But the wanderers have returned with beating drums and. flying banners and have brought new recruits with Uiem. The Republican party has jus" had the most over whelming success in its entire his tory. It was due not wholly to gen eral distrust of the Democratic party, though unquestionably a universal desire for a change was the main im pulse behind the unprecedented tri umph. But it-was also in part a declaration of restored confidence in the Republican party and of expec tation that the tremendous errors of the past four years would be re trieved and the country would again be placed on a stable basis of good sense, wise economy, and moderate progress. It is "back to normalcy" normalcy meaning unquestionably the standards fixed heretofore by the Republican party. . Any historic parallel between the Whig party and the Republican party, either in inception, record, or destiny, will fail to show that they were molded in the same form by similar hands, or that they have been headed in the same direction. The Whig party was formed out of various elements of opposition to Andrew Jackson and the Democratic party, without a definite, or at least a permanent, code of principles. The Republican party was created in re sponse to the call of the nation for leadership in a great moral issue. The Whig party was throughout its whole career a mere convenience for many leaders and many citizens who did not know where else to go. It ' ...u.i j Ilia 1 ' tl 1 1. J Ul UJUUSL tion. The Republican party has at all times had constructive and affir mative principles, a clear pro gramme, a specific objective. The Whig party spent the entire twenty odd years of its existence dodging the pressing question of slavery. The Republican party at the beginning succeeded because it did what its predecessor failed to do met squarely the problem of human slavery; and It has survived because in any crisis it has stood for correct policies. It Is Interesting to recall that the Whig party was formed when the prestige of Andrew Jackson was at its peak, in direct response to and challenge of his methods.- his record and his policies. The question of executive usurpation reached burn ing dimensions in that time. A tre mendous feud arose between Presi dent Jackson and congress, brought about by his executive usurpations, his summary vetoes, his autocratic removals of his enemies from office. and, generally, his one-man idea of government, fostered by his "kitchen cabinet" of which Van Buren was the chief. The Whigs, it is true. were for a national tariff, a national bank, and national internal Improve ments, nut the real issue was Jack son and the Democratic party. It has been said that the Whig rnrty "spent- most of its campaigns beating up recruits regardless of principles." A writer in the Cyclo pedla of Political Science says: N"o dftpcata -nm mlea tn thai- .... ventlons; the original Adams republican. tne :uiimer of south Carolina, the anti Mason of New York or Pennsylvania, th, states' rlehts rielecnto frutu CMr.i. tne general mahs ot tne aissatlstled every- . Where could llnd a refuge In its councils. It asked no questions; It ventured but twice in its history (1H44 and 18f.2) tt adopt a platform of principles, and it ven tured but once (1S44) to nominate a can dulate for the presidency with any avowed political principles. The Whig party had a more or lss fepeuiiic; s-puusursnip tor tne meas. ures included in the "American sys tem." But it was not always clear what the American system was, ex cept that it was for representative government and against presidential autocracy. As the personality of Jackson disappeared and the cohe sive force of opposition to so power ful a figure diminished the difficul ties of holding the Whig party to gether increased; and slavery made more and more trouble; yet it elect ed Harrison in 1840 and Taylor in 1848 the latter without a single known political conviction. The Democratic party through all this turbulent period stood consis tently on the ground that slavery was a question for the states and not for the federal government; and the Whig party, where it did not evade, was for compromise. It was for the union with or without slavery. and - It was not in essential disagreement . with the democrats in their determi nation to hold fast to the institution through the statas. But the question (would not down, and virtual repeal j of the Missouri compromise resulted. The Whigs had in 1842 this optimis tic utterance: The series of acta (of 1850), the act known as the fugitive slave law included, are received and acquiesced in by the Whig party as a settlement of the excit ing questions which they embrace; we will maintain them, and insist on their strict enforcement; and we deprecate all further agitation of the question thus set tled as dangerous to our peace, and will discountenance all efforts to continue or renew such agitation whenever, wherever or however the attempt may be made; and we will maintain this system as es sential to the nationality of the Whig party and the Integrity of the Union. But it was not settled. It was suc ceeded by other half measures, such as the Kansas-Nebraska act.' It has been said that the "Whig party died of an attempt to swallow the fugitive slave law." Slavery became the dominant issue, and the Whig party dissolved, the northern Whigs going . mostly to the Republicans, and the southern Whigs to the Democrats. It is impossible to say, of course, that either the Republican party or the Democratic party will survive in definitely; but, if the Republican is broken down and disappears, it will not be for the same reason that the Whig party succumbed. CLEARING OUT THE DRONES. When the Harding administration gets to work at clearing out the drones in Washington, some howls will go up from that city which might make some Ill-informed peo ple believe that the red terror had broken loose. The noise will come only from those who are being jarred loose from their jobs, and from those who profit by their resi dence in Washington. Crowding of the capital has enabled landlords to charge three or four prices for rooms only the disgustingly rich can afforod a whole house to them- elves and they will fight to keep the drones in their jobs. This will be one of the first and most severe tests of the republican party's strength of purpose in keep ing its campaign promises. It has been easy to make these promises, for the makers have been among those people who are to benefit by less costly, more efficient govern ment. When they get to Washing ton, they wilt be among those who are to lose thereby, and loud will be the wails of anguish. The atmos phere will be such as to weaken many men s purpose. It is one thing to promise economy on the plat form: it is quite another thing to practice it by insisting that this good fellow or that nice woman, whom one knows and esteems, shall be cast on a cruel world. But if any of the congressmen weaken, they will hear from home. It has been easy to forget promises of economy, for few felt that the money was coming out of their pockets, but this time every income tax payer will be watching, and there are millions of them. We cannot ex pect much of this moribund con gress, "for it is largely composed of lame ducks who have nothing to hope from politics. But the new congress which takes office March 4 will be required to sweep clean. rCTTTXG BANKS INTO POLITICS. The. state of North Dakota is learning from experience that which it might have learned from history of the dangers on the one hand and the insecurity on the other hand of publicly-owned bank possessing monopolistic custody of public funds. When a banking institution's sub sistence is dependent upon the whims of the changing views of the elec torate or legislature it must either function so conservatively as to be inefficient or must engage in politics and control them. The bank of North Dakota was created to relieve a condition brought about by the experimental character of state activities. The financing of state-owned elevators and ware houses and other socialistic enter prises was blocked by the wariness of capital to invest in bonds issued by the state for that purpose. So the state bank was created and given a monopoly of deposits of public funds in order that it might finance the other enterprises. Now by vote of the people the monopoly has been withdrawn, and it depends on how wisely the withdrawal at funds is exercised whether the bank will sur vive. There are some points of differ ence, necessarily, between the plan of organization of the bank ot North Dakota and that of the bank of the United States In 1816, but the latter had monopolistic custody of public funds. It required the lapse of only sixteen years to put the bank ac tively into politics. The renewal of its charter was the controlling issue in the campaign of 1832 and its po litlcal power was revealed by the close margin by which the war be tween President Jackson and the bank waS won by the president. Its insidious operations were revealed In the charge that the bank attempted to buy its charter and by a senatorial investigating committee which re ported that its loans to members of congress, most of whom were of the opposition, amounted to $322,199 to fifty-nine congressmen in 1831, $4 78,069 to fifty-four congressmen in 1S32 and $374,766 to fifty-eight congressmen In 1833. As one political economist has re marked, had the bank "continued to enjoy the use of the increasing reve nues of the federal government it would have become more and morn dangerous, either as the tool or an the master of a popular govern merit." ' But the wisdom of denying re newal of the bank's charter was not carried out In the matter of with drawal of deposits of public funds. The economic recklessness of their withdrawal, without the substitution of an efficient custodian for them, caused the disastrous panic of 1837. Mismanagement had previously brought -the bank to the verge of bankruptcy and had deranged the business of the country. The efforts of a new bank president to recoup the fortunes of the bank shad re quired recall of loans to other banks and had brought about a general financial stringency in 1818-21. The Bank of the United States was more on the order of a government aided private enterprise than is the bank of North Dakota. There was among the directors of the early na tional institution a personal financial incentive to make the bank great and powerful. But security in prof itable public positions and suprem acy of a political party when depen dent upon a banking institution are no less strong incentives to grant fi nancial favors. Under the later forms of law-making and constitu tion-changing, such as exist in North Dakota, Oregon and numerous other states, it is impossible to give a state owned bank a reasonable life tenure. A twenty-year charter with guaran tee of deposits of public funds for that period cannot be made secure. f or the public cannot make an irrev- ocable. contract with itself. If the bank is state-owned the people, -may withdraw their depostis by vote at any bi-ennial election-. If a private institution be subsidized with cus tody of all public funds there is rep etition o- the history of the Bank of the United States to be expected. It becomes a political issue and a danger to orderly government in either form. In North Dakota numerous small banks not concerned with the state owned institution have recently failed. Farm Ibans cannot be re newed. State bonds go begging. The state-owned bank is in danger. It may be that the end of the non-partisan league will be primarily caused by a financial crash. DEI-EATING ITS OWN POLICT. By holding out for higher rates on trans-Pacific ships than are asked by fbrelgn owners, the shipping board has driven business away from its own vessels and has given it to those of other nations. It thus defeats its own policy of promoting carriage of American goods on American ships. When it has met cuts in rates, it has done so too late to gee the business, because it has refused to give agents on this coast power to make binding quotations, and by the time rates recommended by agents have been confirmed at Washington the com petitor has got the business The effect is not only loss of busi ness by the shipping board; it is dis crimination between ports. Traffic is diverted from ports which, like Portland, rely chiefly on shipping board vessels to those which are served mainly by foreign lines. Ac tually the ports which assist the board in securing American com merce for American ships are pen alized for their loyalty. In self-defense exporters from these ports are driven to charter for eign vessels, as their only alterna tive to transferring their business to ports that are served by foreign lines. That does not protect the port against loss of the business that is carried by regular liners. Unless the- board soon changes its policy, the ports which it serves so badly will be compelled to make arrange ments for foreign service. Small difficulty will be encountered by Portland, for it has been well demon strated that the business is here, and hip-owners are so hungry for car goes that they will come here after It. The only way in which the Ameri can merchant marine can be suc cessfully operated is by meeting the competition of the vessels of other nations. The fact that the shipping board has the government behind it and .has the greatest fleet in the world that Is under single control does not exempt it from the estab lished rules of competition. It is thereby put under greater compul sion to comply with those rules, for its loss through idleness of much tonnage is proportionately larger than that of any private owner. But government support and its immense fleet give it power to force competi tors to maintain reasonable rates, for it could start a rate war on every route to every port which -would soon bring all competitors to terms. A mere reminder that this power is in reserve should be sufficient, but until rates are stabilized the only sensible course is to meet all cuts until the foreign lines have had enough. FIND THE REAL GOAT. Seeing that wheat is quoted at Winnipeg about 20 cents a bushel higher than at Chicago, a local wielder of the Journalistic big stick jumps to the conclusion that the wheat gamblers of the latter city are bearing the price, and he pro ceeds to swat them. The gamblers have much to answer for and often deserve to be swatted, but it seems that on this occasion more blame at taches to that impersonal thing the rate of exchange. Measured in American dollars, Ca nadian dollars are at a discount of something over 10 per cent. A man can take $1.40 American to Winni peg and buy a bushel of wheat which is worth $1.55 or thereabouts Cana dian. Those figures may not be ex act, but they will serve for 'illustra tion of the way that exchange works. The Chicago wheat gambler may have done his small part to bring about the condition, but Canadian money is at a discount in the United States because Canada buys from us much more than it sells to us,' con sequently there is in this country much more Canadian money than can be taken by those who owe debts In Canada, and the supply exceeds the demand. That explains why down to Oc tober 31 there had been received in American markets 11,000.000 bush els of this year's Canadian wheat crop, but less than 7,000,000 bushels of this total for domestic consump tion, the rest being imported in bond for export. Imports have been de creasing, thus indicating the ten dency of Chicago and Winnipeg to ward equality in price, and probably advance of Canadian exchange to ward par. When exchange rates are' out of joint, the tendency is for cheap money countries to increase exports of goods to dear money countries, and to decrease imports from them until exchange reaches par. Thus the course of trade ad justs matters. Senator Capper of Kansas has found other goats on which the blame for the slump in wheat may be placed. They compose one herd of goats which he calls our credit systam. He says there is something wrong with that system when it "can supply Wall street with billions for gambling" and can lend billions to the railroads, to Europe, to the "profiteering sugar farmers of Cuba" but "cannot help the American farmer to help himself to sidestep bankruptcy." Wall street gambles with call money, which banks can lend for only a few days and which the borrower may be called on to re pay any day. The farmer wants loans for sixty or ninety days or more. If this loan were called at a day's notice, there would be another howl from Kansas. The loan to the railroads is to enable them to put themselves in shape to carry the traffic of the country, which is as much to the benefit of the farmers as anybody else. Just why a loan was made to the Cuban planters is not clear, but with sugar at its present price they cannot do much profiteering. Finally, evidence is lacking that banks have refused loans on the farmers' wheat or that the federal reserve banks have re fused to discount their notes,' though they have doubtless scaled the amount of loans as the price fell. Statistics published by the Inter national Institute of Agriculture in dicate that the real goats are those whom we have been calling the starving nations of Europe. For the first year after the war they seem to have been in a state of too high nervous excitement to attend closely to so prosaic a matter as producing food, but this year they settled down to work, as did those of India, Aus tralia , Argentina and other coun tries. Their first thought seems to have been of bread, for they in creased the crops of all bread grain except barley. That goes far to ex-, plain the slump in wheat. Abun dance of shipping at reduced freight also helps, for it brings the crops of all countries to the world markets. Yet much remains to be done to give the farmer a square deal. He needs an improved credit system to enable him 'to finance his crops, and he needs co-operative marketing to cut out the enormous waste in mar keting. The next administration is pledged to give him these things. He needs a thoroughly reformed system of taxation, which will cut the pad ding out of prices and stimulate pro duction of the things that he con sumes, for the present fraudulent tax system keeps up prices of these things while the prices of what he produces falls first and fastest. He also needs repeal of that absurd pro vision of the tariff law which In el fect gives a little group of Canadians power to repeal the American tariff on ' wheat. The . way to help the farmer is to attend to such things as these, not to go out with a big stick, determined to swat somebody regardless of whether he Is guilty or of whether the farmer wiu really benefit. REWARDING MERIT. The dreadnought Tennessee, not long in commission, promises to mark a new naval epoch In more senses than one. In addition to -an educa tional programme, announced the other day, her captain has institu ted "a system of rewards for minor service of merit. The underlying idea is that though every member of a ship's crew is a potential hero, and that the chances are mat ne wouia acquit himself with credit at the first opportunity that came his way, he is ikely to grow gray waiting for it. The navy has a stern Idea of its own of what constitutes "exceptional- ser vice." Hence especial commenda tions are few and grudgingly be stowed. Captain Leigh of the Tennessee might have been reading an article in an efficiency magazine on "how to get along with the employe." to judge from his plan. He proposes to bestow praise wherever it is de served by performance of less con spicuous acts. An example is the recent citation of five members of the enlisted personnel assigned to the engineers' department. These men saved no lives; they only sacri ficed certain hours of shore leave in pure enthusiasm for a job of getting the ship ready for a trial .cruise. As a result of their work of the spirit of it as well as the physical labor performed o f f 1 c 1 a 1 acknowledg ment Is made that It was largely be cause of this that the ship was able to complete highly successful trials without accident and on schedule time." This will appear on the men's enlistment records and will stand as a kind of perpetual 'Offset to any little demerits that may be accumu lated. It is largely the lot of the enlisted man, in army as well as navy, to judge his chief contacts with his su perior officers by the occasions when he Is called up for non-performance, or failure to uphold the standards of uis profession. In peace times the stimulating effect of praise is mostly denied him. Since few men are in sensible to ' appreciation a distinct opportunity to improve morale is overlooked. If only as a means of relieving the prosaic routine of life on shipboard the scheme has its merits, . but it is also essentially just, and consequently fundamen tally sound. Also it may stimulate recruiting, which the navy now greatly needs. Heads of the American Legion talked "real rough" to the heads of the bureaus which mismanage their affairs with the government, but that is no marvel. There is a natural antipathy between a real soldier and a bureaucratr for the one does things and the other studies how not to do them. The incomprehensibility of the wreck near Salem has been dissolved by the finding that a conductor and brakeman are responsible through neglect of duty. That is one in stance when' old "Spreading Ralls' gives the hoot. The ex-kaiser purposes to give each son 85,000 pounds sterling, that the boys may live in befitting style. As the author of all the misery of four years, he should be frisked for every -dollar and let the boys go-to work. If the congresswoman from Okla homa runs the house restaurants as she knows how, she will be more typical of American womanhood than those who have been there and those who want to go. It may be the job-holders are wor ried and they may not be. Probably they hope for a presidential blanket that will put all under a kind of civil service. Ketirlng democratic presi dents have that way. A Seattle man has $15,000 worth of liquor on hand and the court has ordered him to refrain from reduc ing the stock, going so far as to place a guard on It. let a Seattle man is resourceful. A woman whose husband has the habit of staying away from home six weeks at a time is asking the court to make him stay away altogether. She is right. A man that way is a nuisance. Two or three men from Salem vio lated their paroles last week by go ing Into crime. The only way to keep these particular men good Is to keep them in. Estimates include a sum for in stallation of a freight elevator in the supreme court building at Salem. Nobody supposed the decisions were that heavy. Keep the tuber moth out of Ore gon, quarantining California if neces sary. Oregon potatoes are near per fection; keep them so. A republican congress will find an easy way to cut out superfluous small office holders. Just cut out the appropriations. W hen a shop closes don for a month or so, that's the time the passbook is the most comforting thing on earth- BY - PRODUCTS OF" THE TIMES Senator Frellnghnyaen Telia Story of "The Bad Old Days." Senator Frelinghuysen, at Trenton banquet, said, as he contemplated his generous goblet of sparkling Ice water. "Let me toll you a convention story a story of the bad old days, you know. "A group of politicians during a certain convention were fixing up a slate In' one of their bedrooms when they ran out of liquor. They saw, to their horror, that it was past closing time, too. What were they to do? "Jackson Donegan' s Joint Is close by," said a local politician. 'He's very strict, but he's a friend of mine. A couple of us '11 go around there and see if we can shake anything up. I'll let on my brother Bill Is sick- "So the local politician and two others hastened around to Jackson Donegan's. They rang the bell, they pounded and kicked the door, and finally a head was stuck out of an upstairs window and a gruff voice asked what was wanted. " "Jackson said the local politician In agonized tones, 'come down and let us In for the love of Mike. Bill's dying. I got a prescription here.' "Jackson Donegan gave a shocked exclamation. Then he hurried down and opened the door. The politicians entered the barroom and proceeded to annex for the suffering Bill six bottles of whisky, six of champagne, a dozen of beer and li dozen of ale. ' "As they stowed this refreshment Into their various pockets, Jackson Donegan sneered: " 'By gosh, gents. I'm glad you managed to rouse me up. Bill must be terrible bad.' " This little sketch by Claude Cullen of a Kansas City husband and wife will do just as well for any other city: -. Mr. Nimble Is a "poor shopper for the reason that he lets everybody in the store know he has to watch his dimes. In order to lay aside anything for a picture show.If he wants four pork chops for a quarter he asks the butcher to cut them so they won't run over the quarter, but , If Mrs Nimble Is buying the same number of pork chops she says: "Please cat them thin we all like - them real thin.". When one of the children asks Mr. Nimble to buy some preserves or a melon, he lets everybody hear him say he can't afford It, but when one of the children asks Mrs. Nimble to buy something of the kind, she says to the child: "Not today, sweetheart; you know "we have a lot of those peaches In the Icebox." And while Mr. Nimble often finds something that Is too high for the family to eat, Mrs. Nimble never does. If the little head of cauliflower he prices comes to 30 cents he tells the clerk it is more than he cares to pay, but if the clerk weighs one for Mrs. Nimble and tells her it is 30 cents, she says she has enough of everything for dinner and that she will wait and get cauliflower some other time. Edwin James. th war correspond ent, who had just returned to Amer ica and was on a vacation In Vir ginia, met one of the farmers of that state, who Immediately engaged him In a diecusslon of the league of na tlons. At times the argument grew heated, the warmth abating with the farmer's concluding remark: "Well, you should know, Mr. James." he. said, "there's always three sides to every question my side, your side and the right side.' Saturday Evening Post. Kenyon L. Butterfleld, president of the Massachusetts Agricultural col. lege, has this to say about Dr. Ladd the newly elected senator from North Dakota: "Dr. Ladd is a transplanted New Englander, a son of Maine, and graduate of one of her best colleges He is essentially a scientist, but his work happened to bring him Into contact with the economic dlfflcul ties of the farmer In the wheat belt. He has shown himself keen of mind sympathetic of temper and judicious In counsel. He is as far from being a fire-eater or wild-eyed radical as any New England political leader who didn't get transplanted to the west. But he has a solid sense of the reality of the farmers economic difficulties and proposes to do his part in remedying them." Dr. Ladd was the republican can didate, indorsed by the Non-Partlsan league. Labor has come into its own since the world war ended. Tou can't abuse or maltreat labor any more." The speaker was Governor Kllby of Alabama. He continued: "A chap got a job at a coal mine. His job was to run cars down a steep hill. There was only a sleeper at the bottom to stop the cars, so he was cautioned again and again to run them very carefully, keeping th brake well on. "Things went all right for two or three days and then the new hand got reckless. He let four cars run down the hill full speed. They jumped over the sleeper, of course, and fell Into a creek B0 feet below. "The boss saw the tragedy from his office window and he came tearing out in a fearful rage. "But the new hand forestalled him. " "Don't ye come round heab cussin' and swearln" at me,' he said. Ah' done quit.' " At the end of our second war with England, Henry Clay was sent abroad to assist in negotiating the terms of peace. He knew that America was not Isolated. He knew that America was a part ot the great world brother hood, working out along its own in dependent lines the welfare of man kind; and from the signing of that treaty of . peace In December, 181 which he helped to negotiate, the world "knew that there had grown up upon the American continent a power that could not be ignored. And th korld knew, too, that here was country to which they could turn for sympathy in distress, for aid In trouble and for justice when wrongly assailed. And throughout the years America has never failed them. Since Jefferson sent our ships of war to th Mediterranean to suppress the Ear bary pirates, to the day when the sons of America fought on the fields of France to suppress the German men ace. America has done Its full pari In world service and It always will From a speech by Vice-Presiden elect Coolidge. Those Who Come and Go. Bartlett Sinclair ot Boise. Idaho, until recently connected with the bureau of publicity of the national republican committee. Is at the Hotel Portland. Mr. Sinclair during the re cent campaign visited many Western states. "Local or state issues had little to do with the result of the election in any of those states. The vital question that determined the voters' action was the adoption or re jection of the league of nations. At this time to men sharing this belief It Is very strange to read in the dally press that certain United States sen ators intend again to bring up for adoption a league of nations covenant in some form. Should this be done it means continued neglect of our do mestic affairs and a flagrant disre gard of the outcome of a 'solemn ref erendum.' The whole matter ought to be undisturbed for a generation, at least, if not for all times," Mr. Sinclair says. "The election of for mer Governor Gooding to the United States senate Insures Idaho and the northwest generally a staunch friend of the stock-raising and agricultural industries. He and the present gov ernor of our state, D. W. Davis, who was re-elected by an overwhelming alIr.' iT C?"S.'f e,r,eAt.h-e.TJyb.fJft P try. Governor Davis for several years has been president of the Northwestern Irrigation association. Both these officials are of foreign birth, the former a native of England and the latter of Wales." The fact that the management of the Lewis hotel training course came all theTVay from New York to Port land to secure talent for its big school at Washington. D. C, for its advisory board and selecting Manager B. Campbell of the Multnomah oteL speaks loudly for home talent. Some of the best hotelmen of the country are on this board. Manager Campbell has had a thorough train ing and experience in auditing in big business and is generally recognized as fully qualified to speak wlthau- tnorlty in tnis line, it is interesting to trace parts of his career. In his youth he was a school teacher on Prince Edward Island and men worked his way through college and became a certified public accountant. Afterwards he entered the employ of rant Smith & Co., the railroad con tractors, and served as their travel ing auditor. When Mr. Hauser took over the Multnomah hotel. Manager Campbell stepped right In and has since shown that he can make this line a. success, for his choice to serve among a representative group of the best hotelmen in the country is a great tribute to his ability. The first of a series of Sunday evening concerts to be given in the lobby of the Multnomah hotel by the Ladies' Symphony orchestra drew a fair-sized crowd last night. Eric Hauser has always been a firm sup porter of music, and the engagement f this new organization of some 30 amateurs, all of whom formerly held membership in the Monday Musical lub, marks another step in the life f his hotel, for they will play for t least three weeks more there, be fore leaving the city for a 14 weeks' engagement on a tour. Last night the women gave a well-balanced pro gramme, and their ensemble playing proved exceptionally good for a new rganization. They have been prac ticing for several months and are under the leadership of Frances Knight. The concerts are free to the public . Mr. and Mrs. L. B. Barde of Seattle are In the city and are stopping at the Benson hotel. Mr. Barde is at tending to some business details con nected with the recent transfer of a vast quantity of United States ship ping corporation stores and Mrs. Barde is visiting her many relatives In the city. She will doubtless be the recipient of many attentions socially during their stay. Stockmen are getting their cattle that are ready off the range to mar ket with the approach of winter, and quite a number of them registered yesterday at the Imperial hotel. Among them were Robert Bond of Pendleton, H. Roberts of Redmond, Sol Dickinson of Weiser, H. P. Mc- Kee of Nampa, W. H. Woodruff of Union and F. E. Graham of Elgin. The Catholic church of Oregon holds Sam J. Gorman of Edmonton, Alberta, In great esteem, for he has been a great friend and some time ago donated a large tract of land to the church along the Colum bia highway. Mr. and Mrs. Gor man are down from the cold north for a few days and can be found at the Hotel Portland. The roads from Tillamook are in fairly good shape even with the late heavy rains, according to a party of Ave who motored from the city that produces the cheese and are stopping at the Imperial hotel. In the ma chine were Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Ben nett, Mr. and Mrs. E. L. Partridge and Mrs. Leo Morrison. Mr. and Mrs. J. Thornberg of For est Grove like good shows and when ever there is an attraction of more than ordinary interest here they gen erally come down. At home Thorn berg is a banker and they came1 to Portland Saturday to see "Chu Chin Chow" at the Heilig and remained over for Sunday. M. T. McGoldrick, who Is associated with his father in the carrying on of one of the largest lumber agencies in the inland empire and who registers from Spokane, is at the Hotel Port land with his family. Among Bend, Or., visitors at the Benson hotel are Mr. and Mrs. F. WIckner, Mrs. A. L. Chindahl, Mrs. Fred Levenberg and Miss May New ton. Leo Schmidt Is one of the biggest growers of loganberries in the Salem territory and he and Mrs. Schmidt are at the Benson for a few days. Dr. J. E. Bridgowater of Albany is stopping at the Benson hotel for a few days. Calvin Cobb, publisher of the Boise Statesman, and his daughter. Miss Margaret, are at the .Hotel Portland. James T. Shaw, attorney for the Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph company, is at the Ho.tel Portland. W. H. Turner, who is Interested In the lumber industry at Raymond, Wash., Is at the Hotel Portland. L. E. Ireland of Hood River is at the Benson hoteL J. O. Bozorth f Bay City, a Tilla mook county realty operator, is at the Oregon hotel. Gale S. Hill of Albany, well known In state legal circles, is at the Ore gon hotel. Absalom nnd Ruth. Worcester Telegram. "Ignorance of the Bible is appall ing." said Rev. George Craig Stewart, rector of St. Luke's Episcopal church at Evanston, after he had asked 200 students of Northwestern university what they knew about Absalom. "Out of those .200 there were only nine who had ever heard of Absalom and about 190 who could tell me all about Babe Ruth." FOHCB MUST BACK DECISIONS International Army Proposed to En force Court Decisions. PORTLAND. Nov. 2S. (To the Edi tor.) Mark Sullivan gives the Inter national court as the substitute for the league of nations and says that public opinion Is all that is needed to Insure the enforcement of Its decisions, be cause, he says, that is all that Is need ed in America when our supreme court hands down a decision against a state. However, Mr. Sullivan must take into consideration that the states that go ,to make up our union are forbid den to raise armies, manufacture ex plosives for a sta4b arsenal, coin money, enter Into treaties, etc The nations of the world, on the other hand, have all of these powers, and I will agree with Mr. Sullivan, almost, if we absolutely disarm every nation. The fundamental principle to the suc cessful operation of any International ccurt Is disarmament We should have a union of nations, with an International constitution, the fundamental principle to be promotion ot the general welfare of the world. We should have after that, first, an International supreme court and this should be composed of a judge from every nation of the world, the judge to be elected by popular vote oi tne people of each nation. This international court should meet in an international city owned and cortrolled Jointly by all the nations. They should be In session continu ously, but one-third of the Judges should be home getting public opinion and the other two-thirds handing dewn decisions, and they should change off. Say America and Japan got into a dispute. Ea,ch would send its lawyers or representatives to this court, to gether with all witnesses; the court would hear. the testimony and render decision, say, that Japan should pay America $2,000,000 damages. Now all courts should be backed up with a force to carry out its man dates. We should have an interna tional navy and an international army. Each nation should contribute 10.000 soldiers and 10,000 sailors and five ships, each contributing In ex pense In proportion to population, but have Identically the same representa tion In men and ships. Should Japan I refuse to carry out the will of the court, this International army would take charge of her custom ports and collect the fine. But first of all the nations must dis arm, except for a few national police and guns to quell internal disturb ances. Of course we know the United States supreme court has no officers to carry out Its mandates. Neither doer the supreme court of Oregon. The supreme court of Oregon acts through the sheriffs of each county and the United States supreme court' acts through the United States marshals One state has many ways to punish another if it sees fit. It could refuse to grant extradition papers in case of criminals from the other state going into its territory; it could deny corpo rations of the other state the right tt. do business within Its borders; it could prohibit the selling of the other states' bonds in Its territory, etc. The Ijnlled States constitution does not al low one state to pass a law contrary to any United States law or one state to do a thing contrary to the constl ti.t!on. But nothing the United States does could prohibit the union of nations from having a law demanding that a judgment in favor of one nation against another shall be enforced by tne international army. That is why international law as It functions today i- a laiiure. ine only way to enforce it is to resort to war. Germany vio lated practically every international law on the statute book. We had to resort to war to 'make her obey the international law. With disarmament and an international body of sheriffs we should have none of that. E. W. EASTMAN. LIFE OF NURSE! IS TOO SEVERE Danrkter's Experience Convinces Mnn Any Pay Is Inadequate. ARLINGTON, Or., Nov. 27. (To the Editor.) I have noticed for a con siderable time the argument that has been carried on through the columns of The Oregonlan about the nurse question. . We put two girls In the training school of one of the leading hospitals of Portland. Both had a very bright future before entering training. At first they had to serve three months on probation. It cost in the neigh borhood then of $200 to start In with. That was about eight years ago. They got $5 a month after the first three months for books and paper and clothing and were required to be on duty for 12 hours a day and a great many times, for 24 hours, depending upon how many girls they had to care for . the sick. They were sup posed to get one day out of each week for rest, but In lots of cases th matron would put some little punish ment upon them by taking their day away from them and make them work all their rest day. One of my daughters had charge of the maternity ward and during one month 23 babies were born. She had charge of them all, and for the great sum of $o a month. Both daugh ters came out of the training school DroKen in neaitn ana naven t seen what they could call a well day since Hundreds of others have come out the very same way. It seems to me that If I were nurse $8 or $10 a day would be very small pay. I, for one, would be glad to see nurses get every cent they possibly can. Look at the doctor. He comes In and -looks you over, and If you have a nurse she has a chart and takes your temperature every three or four hours. The doctor asks her all about you and she tells him. Now, who does the most, the nurse or the doctor? If I had 40 daughters, none of them should ever be nurses, as they are subject to call on all kinds of cases and while on duty on a private case they are certainly on the job as long as the parties are sick. I don't think any one has any kick about the wages of a nurse, for the highest wages are none too small. A FRIEND OF THE NURSE. AITRCISM OF MOTIVES DENIED. Rest-Day Advocates Thinking Only of Religion. Says Writer. PORTLAND. Nov. 28. (To ths Edi tor.) Let no one be deceived by the pretended altruistic motives of the Portland federation of churches and allied maniples with their intended "Sabbath" observance laws. The aim of such legislation is something al together different. The true meaning is solidly expressed by Dr. I. C Hunt, a conspicuous worker of the "Lord's Day alliance," as follows: "Relentless war should be waged against all opposing forces seeking the secularization of Sunday, or mak ing Sunday a civil holiday. With this one commanding Ideal the Chris tian citizenship of America can go forward and write Into the statute books of every state of the nation, adequate' laws to protect the Chris tian Sabbath as such and then by a propaganda as Insistent, Intensive, and intelligent as that by which Ger many sought to wreck America and defeat the world, secure the adequate enforcement of the Sunday laws that are thus acquired." (Great applause,). Thus speak In the 20th century pre sumably Intelligent men! Homines praeposteri! JAMES HISLOP. More Truth Than Poetry. By James J, Montague. THE GLORY THAT WAS GREASE. When visitors in Athens A year or two ago. Asked passers by the reason why The people shouted so. And why the flags were waving And why the bugles brayed. And everywhere a gladsome air Was fulsomely displayed. The Greeks would grin and answer, "Our shouts and plaudits ring And we are gay because today We're chasing out the king!" When visitors In Athens -Today ask why the crowd. In bright array makes holiday And shouts Its cheers aloud. And holds torch-light processions with every one In line. And gets lit up when brims the cup With good old Samian wine. Some citizens will answer, "Good news is on the wing. Come on along and join the throng. We're welcoming our king!" There was a time that Athens Had statesmanship to spare. When Pericles, Demosthenes And Socrates were there. We held with Mr. Byron That In that ancient time Of brains and art, to play a part In Athens was sublime. But though it still reposes Upon the self same spot. From what we heard of it this year The town's gone back a lot'. Tiey Never Drink It Up There. The state of Maine Is going to use Its water to produce electricity. The people in the state have long sus pected that all that water must be good for something. Tne Only Time They're Served. Mrs. Coolidge's reputation as & pie maker is going to result In a crowd at the vice-president's breakfast table every morning. He's Krardvthe Title. If Constantino Is crowned again' ho ought to be christened FInnegan. (Copyright. 1920, by the Bell Syn dicate, Inc.) John Burroughs' Nature Notes. Can Yon Answer These Questions t ' 1. vvny ao animals never laugnr 2. How does the brown thrasher use Its beak? 3. How do trout act just contrary to other fish in the fall? Answers in tomorrow's nature notes. Answers to Previous Questional 1. Why are there more crows than Jays? His little gayly dressed brother, the jay, does not tempt the sportsman any more than the crow does, but he tempts other creatures the owl and squirrel, maybe the awk. Hence his tribe is much less. His range Is also more restricted, and his feeding hab its much less miscellaneous. Only the woods and groves are his; the fields and rivers he knows not. -s 2. How big is the largest glacier in Alaska? The Malasplner glacier is the larg est of the Alaskan glaciers, covering s00 square miles. It has a front of 50 miles on the sea and runs back 30 miles "to the St. Ellas range, from which It is fed. 3. Does the fox hold his own against hunters? The fox furnishes, perhaps, the only instance that can be cited of a fur -bearing animal that not only holds its own, but that actually in creases in the face of means that are used for its extermination. The fox has survivedcivillzation, and in some localities, is no doubt more abundant now than in the time of the revolu tion. . (Rights reserved by Houghton Mifflin Co.) In Other Days. Twenty-five Years Aso. From The Oregonlan of November 29, 1895. By scoring the only touchdown of the game, Multnomah club won, 4 to 0, over the Portland Amateur Athletic club yesterday. A decree of foreclosure was taken in the United States court In the suit of the Mercantile Trust company of New York versus the Portland Con solidated Street Railway company. The Multnomah Box and Trunk Manufacturing company yesterday started work on the foundation for a warehouse near Smith Brothers' saw mill. The cars of the City & Suburban Street Railway company were at a standstill for half an hour yesterday owing to an accident to the cable which conveys the current across the river. Fifty Years Ago. Prom tne irregoman oi novcmuEr 40 tu. A great many people got excited Saturday over a rumor 01 a wariuuif. destructive earthquake at San Fran cisco. The rumor was entirely with out foundation. The record of exports for the pres ent year to date from Oregon to San Francisco contains these figures: Flour, 496,492 sacks; wheat. 39.873 sacks; oats, 15,413 sacks: salmon, 4527 barrels, 3270 half barrels and 29,686 cases. The Oregon Good Templar states that membership of the order in this state is 3280, an increase of 1500 in one year. Two Books Desired. SUTHERLIN, Or., Nov. 27. (To the Editor.) Where can I buy the books (1) "Burke's British Peerage," and (2) "In Chancery"? (1) "Burke's Peerage," published by Bernard Quaritch, London, England, will have to be imported through any Portland bookseller, the price of the book being approximately $20. The price fluctuates with the rates on foreign exchange. (2) "In Chancery." a novel by John Galsworthy, price $2, is published by Charles Scrlbner's Sons, 697-599 Fifth avenue. New xotk. m- Pilgrim Colnn Prove Popular. The "Pilgrim" half dollars, recently Issued by the United States director of the mint, and distributed to banks throughout the country by the Na tional Shawmut bank of Boston, -- proving popular, Judgrir.s from tho re quests for allotments of the new coins received from banks from Maine to California. More than one-half of the total Issue of 300.000 coins have been distributed to date. At this rate the entire issue, which Is limited to that number, will be quickly exhausted. Some misunderstanding has arisen that the price of the coins should be set at $1, although their face value is but 60 cents. This price has been fixed by the commission created by the Massachusetts legislature to celebrate the tercentenary of the landing of thai pilgrims. It Is intended that the bal ance above the face value of the coins, less minting charges, cost of dies, etc, be turned over to the commission for its use. Their distribution by the Shawmut.bank is entirely a matter ot