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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 24, 1920)
10 TTTE MOTMTTXG- OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 1920 ESTABLISHED BY HENRY I- PITTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co.. C. MORDEN. Uananr. E. B. P)PE. Editor. Th Orearonlan. is a member of the Asso ciated Press. The Associated Press i ex clusively entitled to the use lor publication of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rlsnta of publication of special dispatches here in are also reserved. ' Subscription. Rates Invariably In Advance. (Br Mali.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year. . . .. J Dally. Sunday Included, six months.. .-o Dally, Sunday Included, three months -.-o Daily. Sunday included, one month.. .10 Dally, without Sunday, one year.... o . Daily, without Sunday, six months... -.- Dally, without Sunday, one month .. o" "Weekly, one -year .... .... t Sunday, one year .......... .. 5.00 (By Carrier.) - , tn no I B!ft inuddeadth0rne6. Sooti.!? j Daily. Sunday Included, one month Daily, without Sunday, one year.... Dally, without Sunday, three months. l.es Daily, without Sunday, one mum . How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's rink. Give postoffice address in fuil. including county and state. FontuKe Rates 1 to 16 pages. 1 cent: IS to 2-J pases. 2 cents; 34 to 4b pages. 3 cents: 50 to M pages. 4 cents: 60 to BU Pages. 5 cents: S2 to 96 pages, 6 cents. Foreign postage double rates. ; tastem Business Office Verree . Conk lln. Brunswick building. New 1 ork. jr & Conklln, Steger building. Chicago; Ver reo & Conklin. Free Press building. De troit. Mich. San Francisco representative. K. J. Bidwell. MORE INGENIOUS CALC-LATION. In its industrious' search for - ob jections to-improvement of the chan nel at Swan island and to the accom panying improvements and for rea sons why the shipping business of Portland should be transferred from the city on the Willamette to the Co lumbia river front, the Journal has erected the North Bank railroad bridge at Swan island into an in superable obstruction to water traffic, or the prospective water traffic into an obstruction to rail road traffic over the bridge. Dis cussing the plan to locate railroad terminals on the land which it is proposed to fill, it said: One of the criticisms of the recent Swan Island plan was that the traffic directed to the terminal as proposed1 will in large part be carried across the Willamette on the railroad bridge below Swan island. An ingenious calculator estimated that, if the terminal handled a business equal to Its capacity, that bridge would be opened for the passage of water craft at least seventy five times a day. How then, it was asked, would time be allowed to get freight cars across a bridge so often open? Let us carry the ingenious calcu lator's calculations a little farther. As virtually all river craft can pass under the bridge, his figures imply that seventy-five seagoing ships would pass the draw every day. We may assume that half would come in and half go out. That would give thirty-seven ships a day going out loaded. If these averaged only 6000 tone each, they would carry a total of 185,000 tons. In trains of sixty five forty-ton cars this would fill seventy-one trains a day. If all these trains had to cross the North Bank bridge and if the draw were to open seventy-five times a day, trains and ships would have a lively time keep ing out of each other's way. But all the freight on those thirty seven ships would not cross.. the North Bank bridge. All that was loaded at docks on the east side of the river would be hauled by rail road' on that side and would not cross. Much of the freight would come in on the O.-W. R. & N. and Southern Pacific roads and would be hauled to the west side over the Harriman bridge. At the most 30 per cent would cross the North Bank bridge, which cuts the number of trains to twenty-four a day. That would ease up matters considerably. But let us see what it would mean to have thirty-seven loaded ships leaving Portland every day. At an average of 5000 tons, which Is a mod erate estimate, for many carry 8000 to 10,000 tons, this would total 185,000 tons a day. This is equal to 5,650,000 tons a month or 66,600,000 tons a year. If that much business were done above Swan island, a large amount would be done between there and the mouth of 'the river and the docks would extend along the Co lumbia river front. Portland's ex ports would rival those of New York, which were $2, 210, 242, 391 in the first eight months of 1920. The city would have grown to such propor- tions as to spread over Washington and Clackamas counties and subur ban homes might be planted on the icy slopes of Mount Hood. Where should we load all those ships? They would average about 460 feet long and would occupy a berth at least seven days while dis charging and loading, In fact ship ping men would be highly pleased to make such a quick turn-around. Then to send out thirty-seven a day, we should need dock frontage for 259 ships at one time above Swan island, which at an average of 460 feat would total 22.5 miles. But the distance from the lower end of Swan island to the lower end of Ross is land, where deep water ends, is only six miles. This gives twelve miles of frontage. If those twelve miles should be built up solidly with docks It would accommodate little more than half of the ingenious calcula tor's thirty-seven ships. Some berths might be added by dredging slips extending at an acute angle from the channel, but on a large part of the river this would not be practicable. But much of the frontage is used for other purposes bridges, street ends, shipyards, sawmills, wharves for river craft and the space gained by sups mignt about compensate for it- 11 twenty loaded ships a day neeaea to go through the North Bank draw, the capacity of all the docks that could be built above that point would be crowded. Long be fore that point was reached im provement would have extended down the river on both sides. There Is no desire to crowd the shipping business along the upper harbor; all that is proposed is to improve the channel and, while doing so, to make the best use of the adjacent front age. The people would be well satisfied If they could see even ten shipsa day sailing from the upper harbor, for probably as many would go from the lower harbor. That would be 100,000 tons of exports a day or 3,000,000 tons a month. By that time the North Bank road would be so pros perous that it could afford to build a. single span concrete bridge high enough for the highest masts to pass under, and the croakers and calculators would have to seek something else than bridge draws to croak and calculate about- One of Portland's gpeat oriental markets is well represented by Sluyter's Monthly, a well written an printed and handsomely illustrated magazine published at Batavia, Java. It contains articles on the Dutch East Indies, their ports, industries and native products, high among which are rubber and pepper. This chain, of island-, which stretches from the Malay peninsula to New Guinea, includes Sumatra, Java. Celebes and Borneo and has a popu lation of about 50,000,000. Its trop ical character should give opportu nity for profitable exchange of products -with the north Pacific coast, but steady, intelligent effort will be required to break the grip which British merchants and steamr ship lines share with those of Holland. WHATS THE HCBBT ABOCT ITT Some months ago certain enter prising and forward-looking citizens who thought to do the public a serv ice devised a scheme for one-way traffic on several Portland streets. It threw some property-owners and a few merchants i a panic and they entered so effective a protest that it was rejected by the city council. was rejeuteu uy wi city uuuulii. There may or may not be reason I to deplore failure or tne one-way Bcneuie. ru&iui 11 diiuuiu jihb cis i defeated. jsut, Because 11 was ae- feated, it does not follow that nothing- 'should be done. Everybody of course thinks that something should be done -and some day it must be done. ' But meanwhile traffic is permitted to jam up at congested points. Some times and at some places there is a policeman and also a semaphore. More often there is neKher. The motorist must find his difficult and perilous way along as best he can and the wayfarer must stop, look, listen and then run. He takes his life in his haads quit often. He should get used to it, but he doesn't. Meanwhile everybody talks about what somebody else should do about it- BELATED TEARS. . A man named Weston has been onvicted at Bend for the murder last year of Robert Krug, a recluse, ear the town of Sisters. The evi dence was largely circumstantial, having been based on the private confession of Weston to two com panions that he had committed the rime and on certain corroborative circumstances. The jury appears to have been convinced beyond a rea sonable doubt as to Weston's guilt. He was indicted -for second degree murder, the crime having been com mitted in 1919, when there was no capital punishment. This means that Weston will go to prison for ife, unless the supreme court sets the verdict aside or unless the gov ernor is moved to exercise .clemency. The outlook for Weston is not hope- ess. The newspaper accounts stress the fact that after the prisoner had learned of his Impending fate, he was greatly shaken and burst into tears,, saying that he would rather be hanged .than waste away a use less life behind the bars, the emo tion of the murderer calls for a mod ified sympathy, not because he de serves it for his possible innocence. or proven guilt, or for his repentance, but because he has an evident right to protest against a mistaken len iency which consigns him to a fate worse than death. Nothing could be more appalling than the certainty of long years of fattening idleness and demoralizing sloth in a penitentiary, with no hope that one will ever again bask freely in heaven's sun shine., Weston, sf or some reason, has lost hope and, contemplating his crimes and dreading his punishment, has reached a definite conclusion that he prefers death. It is not sur prising. , If Weston is guilty, as the jury says he is, he merits death.- The deed for which he is convicted was singularly atrocious. He intruded himself on Krug in his lonely cabin and demanded that the hermit give him money, which it was supposed he had - in plenty. When Krug re fused, Weston tortured him by beat ing, by tying him up, by removing his shoes and putting his bared feet in a fire and finally by slaying him. Then the villain set afire the cabin and went away. On the next day he appeared on the scene and with rare hypocrisy and remarkable bravado, assisted in recovering the remains, For calculated and brutal wicked ness the killing of Krug deserved a prominent place in the state's annals of horrors. It is fair to assume, of course, in view of the jury's action, that the testimony of the prosecu tion was authentic. The tears of Weston are not cause for jeers, although they are shed for himself. They are too late He has no tears for his miserable victim, however, much as he merited them, and he had none when Krug was writhing under his cruel min istrations. But if Weston in 1919 could have foreseen the course of events in 1920 he would have de sisted. The certainty either of hang ing or of long and intolerable im prisonment Is a deterrent of murder, The trouble with the law is that there is no certainty about it. If there were, there would be fewer murders. TRADE WITH RUSSIA IMPOSSIBLE All pfoposals to recognize the soviet government of Russia and to renew trade with that country ignore the fundamental fact that good faith is the first essential of both diplo matic and trade intercourse. Lenin, head of the soviet government, and Zinovieff, whose true name is Apfel- baum, head of the third interna tional, have declared that Russia will not be bound by any agreement that they may make, either in diplo macy or trade. As all business except that done by the soviet has been declared contraband, the declaration in regard to diplomatic extends also to trade agreements. Lenin is so true to this principl of perfidy that he caused it to be followed while negotiations were proceeding for trade with the allie and by one of the men who con ducted those negotiations. The Lon don Herald, maintained by the British labor unions, composing the backbone of the labor party, openly advocates socialism and upholds th bolshevists. It was proved that th soviet gave it subsidies to buy white paper in Sweden and was about to give it 75.000 pounds when the facts were published. The Herald then submitted the question of acceptance to its subscribers and finally with great ostentation declined it. But lates Kameneff, one of the soviet' trade delegates, was found to have sold some jewels sent to him by th soviet, and to have given the pro ceeds to the Herald. The British government then expelled him, but continued negotiations with his asso ciate, Krassin. That was not enough. Zinovieff, whose organization is supported by soviet funds for the purpose of propaganda abroad, wrote to the in dependent labor party of Britain, declaring that communists should join the labor party for the purpose of disrupting it. as revolution promote by heavy civil war was the only possible means of establishing social. ism, not only in Britain but in America. At that time the British labor party was the champion of the soviet and actually threatened a gen eral strike against war in defense of Poland. Thus the soviet through Zinovieff plotted the destruction of its own friends. Diplomatic intercourse with a gov ernment so devoid of good faith would only give it facilities to foment revolution just as Bernstorff pro moted strikes and destruction of munition factories and ships. Trade would be impossible, for American exporters wouid have no assurance against confiscation of their goods by the soviet. The only possible means Of trade with Russia seems to be the kind f barter that white traders formerly practiced with savages, when the captain of the ship always, held his crew at arms ready to repel a sur prise attack. If any difference exists. it is in favor of the savages, for they often had some elementary sense of onor, while the bolshevists boast of their lack of any such quality. PUBLIC CHARITY. The twenty-third anniversary of the non-political, non-sectarian or ganization first known as the . City Board of Charities, later as the As sociated Charities and since 1916 as the Public Welfare Bureau, is sug gestive of the great progress made in recent years in dealing with the eleemosynary problem. There is reason to suppose too that the spirit of philanthropy has been fostered by improvement in .technic. Or ganized benevolence has not long been widespread, and giving has been restricted by inability to dis tinguish the worthy from the un worthy. In all times wolves have worn sheep's clothing, and the ama teur philanthropist too often has wasted his substance without ac complishing any substantial good. Change of name, by eliminating charity" and substituting "public welfare," was partial recognition of the new attitude toward an import ant aspect of the work. Certain un fortunates undoubtedly have the strongest possible claim to sympa thetic consideration. Yet the prob lem of aiding without pauperizing. f preserving self-respect at both ends of the transaction, is not always simple. Society is best served when individuals are taught and encour aged to help themselvesi wherefore the term "public welfare is more than a mere euphemism. A good deal of the recent history of philan thropy is conveyed in the phrase alone. Much as has been gained since relatively only a short time since public charity was part of the crimi nal law, providing not measures of relief but "institutions and -regula tions for repression of vagabonds and sturdy beggars." A science of so ciology containing the germ of a new dispensation in benevolence is gain ing ground. Subject to such reverses as may be due to the excessive zeal of mistaken enthusiasts, it seems destined to win a permanent plafce. The time is likely to come when we are able to classify the causes of dependency and so in larger measure than at present to substitute pre vention for alms. This is the dream of charity workers of the modern school. It undoubtedly is possible for the card index and other aids to effi ciency in philanthropy to be over done. The distinctively human fac tor remains to differentiate every case from every other, and the brain ought always to be guided by the heart. Common sense always will be indispensable, but there seems to be no reason to suppose that this will suffer from scientific training of the right kind of students: The imme diate problem of the present is elim ination of fraud, in order that the greatest possible aid may be ex tended to the genuinely deserving with the funds at hand. To accom plish this with tact and without in justice is the purpose of organiza tions of a public and quasi-public character like the welfare bureau. WPBEPAREDXESS CAUSED THE WAR. The only new thing about Gen eral March's opinion.that unprepar- edness caused the war is that General March has just made it public. It has been expressed by many others, among them by Theodore Roosevelt in various forms, and that the chief of staff should express it was only to have been expected from a man of his training and developed power of observation and reasoning from events. The same conclusion could have been reached by any man who knew the circumstances and human nature. The more's the pity that it was not reached and acted upon by President Wilson. For several years the German army had been impatient for war and had waited only for a favorable inter national situation, that the kaise might turn it loose. Aside from provocations arising; from the Balkan troubles, the first' favorable event was the election of President Wilson n 1912 and his appointment of Mr, Bryan as secretary of state. Both were pacifists, not only blindly op posed to war but opposed to decent preparedness. Germany believed that under their guidance the United States would not interfere and that, if it did, it could not do . so effec tively. The kaiser saw Britain trusting solely in its navy for self-defensa, with the navy deficient in several important particulars, and limiting preparedness for land operations abroad to 150,000 men. He saw that country in the hands of the at least semi-pacifist liberal coalition, ab sorbed in domestic problems and on the verge of civil war, in Ireland, while an influential element strove to conciliate Germany. He saw Russia not yet recovered from the war with Japan, the army not fully reorganized and the navy still weak, but both army and navy gaining strengtn, with a weak em peror dominated by . a strong. mmaea wile, but with a corrupt gov eminent in which secret German agents bored from within. He saw France prepared, but threatened with a strike by the mill tarists whom his socialist tools had incited to do the enemy's work. This combination of favorable cir cumstances, some of which he over valued, convinced him that the op portune time to strike had arrived. and the Serajevo murder furnished the occasion. If Britain had bee prepared to throw half a million in stead of 100,000 men into Belgium within two weeks and had been able to follow it quickly with an army such as began the first battle of the Somme two years later, he would have held his hand. If the United States had been armed or had then begun to arm and had given notice that any violation of American rights would mean in- stant w, he would either .ave ac- cepted Grey's conference proposal or he would have made submarine war so carefully as to make it in effective. If this nation had deferred prepa ration and warning until the Lusi tania was sunk and had then de clared war instead of opening a cam paign of notes, it could have had a million men in France in the summer 1916 and with constant rein forcements could have enabled the allies to push their victory on the Somme so fast that the Hindenburg ne could - not have halted .them. that Brusiloff could have continued his advance and that Roumania would not have been crushed. The circumstances which contrib- ted to Germany's defeat could scarcely have, been calculated upon by gross materialists like the Ger mans. Such was Belgium's resist ance, the sudden trench offensive on the Marne, the bloodbath on the Somme, the heroic French stand at Verdun, the last great drive by Rus sia in 1916. These were demonstra tions of the spiritual factor which did not enter into militarist calcu lations. The greatest miscalculation of all was that America would not fight or, if it did, would not get there in time. But our troops came only in the nick of time for the Rock of the Marne. to turn back the Ger man tide, never to rise again. Roosevelt foresaw what would happen. Soon after war began he opened a campaign for prepared- ess. The day the Lusltarua was sunk, says Leary in "Talks . With R.," he "decided war with Ger many was inevitable and made his preparations accordingly" by laying the groundwork for a volunteer Ivision. He foresaw on the eve of the election of 1916 that Wilson would do nothing to back up his notes "until Germany decided it -wants us in this war and kicks us into it." He predicted that "war will find us as unprepared as we were two years ago." General March's report is a re minder that we escaped having to fight for our- national life against a foe supreme over Europe only by a fortunate combination of events which we should be foolhardy to ex pect again the blunders of the enemy and the presence of allies who held the field for almost four years until our ,army reached the front. Fortune does not thus favor any nation twice, and our .reliance should be on our own strength, not on her favor. Whether the plan of fered by General March or some other should be adopted, we must be ready to put forth our full power when the danger signal sounds, for the next time we may stand alone. The passing of Indian George having left us with no more relia ble a prophet of forthcoming winter weather than the animals of forest and field, it is disappointing to be reminded again by a weather scien tist that no dependence can be placed on these as prognosticators. 'In a state of nature." says S. K. Pearson Jr. of the New York weather bureau, in the New Tork Evening Post, "the conditions and movements of animals are more likely to be the result of past or present weather than an Indication of future condi tions." In other words, if a horse's coat is particularly rich and shiny, it a sign not mat we are going to have a hard winter, but that last autumn's pasture particularly agreed with hi'm and he knows nothing at all about what next winter is going to be like and is not making provi sion against cold. Squirrels hoard great stores of nuts because this year's harvest is bountiful, not with any sense of impending famine. Science is slowly but surely sapping the foundation of belief in "signs." Residents of that West .Virginia town in whose business district a me teor fell had a right to be dazed. The fall of a meteor is one of the "can happen" incidents. Here most men would, not stop running this side of the ocean or mountains. Newspaper man on a hunger strike in Havana! Humph! That's common in other places, though not called a strike. The real "feller" never misses a meal, though occa sionally he postpones one. Some women go to court to hear testimony that savors of the raw' who would feel insulted if anybody started that kind of talk in a gath ering. They should wear veils, though. Admittance into Mexico has been refused Senator Fall because of his hostile attitude to that country. Very likely the Mexicans figure this will take a fall out of the senator. It would be interesting; to hear from President Wilson himself his deas as to how government by armed marines constitutes self-de termination for little Haiti. Sam Kozer, secretary of state, is an accommodating and obliging chap, but it's rubbing it in if you delay until the last day to make ap plication for a license tag. To make the west approach to the Steel bridge safer a curve in Glisan street is to be eliminated. Might accomplish the same end by making automobiles go slower. Australia will have a hundred mil lion bushels of new wheat for export in January and what does that mean to the American grower, holding on? The way -turkeys are soaring makes it a problem to have turkey dinner for Thanksgiving and be thankful at the same time. Ed Fortune, Oregon City consta ble, who picked up a reward of 1 15 000 for capture of a man wanted in Canada, is righuy named. Harvard astronomers have just dis covered their fortieth new star in twenty years. We'd say that they are star astronomers. - The Bosphorus is a long way from here, but some of your Red Cross dollar can relieve a bit of the mis ery there. The election of Mr. Harding cost the republican party $4,000,000 And worth every cent of it. The White House cook lady will have stuff to tote home, with two big gobblers on hand. - The latest precedent allows women jurors to wear hats, but only a lady" will do so. I The gobbler returns to normalcy tomorrow. I The late buyer today gets the bar- gains, PICTURES KNOWN TO SCIENTISTS Rock. Writing's In Colombia Basts Be lieved Fairly Modern. PORTLAND, Nov. 23. To the Edi tor.) -fee recent discovery of the painted rocks in the highway con struction near The Dalles has re sulted In some Interesting statements in ne uregonian and particularly letters from Mr. E. G. Hopson and Mr. Sidney Vincent. Several points have been brought out in these letters and in news items that the writer be lieves Bhould be' commented upon. in the first place, all litis matter is not new. Painted, carved and pecked pictures occur in a number of places In the northwest and they have been studied, particularly by the American Museum of Natural History. The mu seum published in 1910, vol. 6, part 1 of its anthropological papers. a pamphlet covering the archaelogy of ! the Yakima valley, by Harlan I. j Smith. The existence of the pictures was and is known to nearly all who are familiar with the Yakima coun try and Mr, Smith's bulletin gives some very interesting .descriptions and photographs of t,he painted and carved rocks. Probably the best known of any of these pictures are those that exist near Nelson bridge on the Naches river, about half way between Yakima and the power house. These pictures are near Cowlche creek and are depicted in Mr. Kmith's book. other important pictures exist on the Columbia river belpw Beverly and at a point about 10 miles below We natchee. ' Pictures and carvings, by grooving and also by 'pecking, occur in the elah canyoq near Yakima and along the Tieton river ' above . its junction with the Naches. as well as on Tampico creek, which is southwest of Yakima. Mr. Smith is of the opinion' tht pictures were made by combining the pigment with some greasy substance and in some cases the grooved and pecked pictures are also filled with paint. 1 might sav for Mr." HoDSon's bene fit there are pictures at several places on Lake Chelan and the writer has in spected some of them from a rowboat near the head of the lake at a point pproximateiy the same as that de scribed by Mr. Hopson when he states tne pictures are about 100 feet above the water's edge. 1 have considerable doubt that the waters 01 uaite Chelan were ever 00 feet above their present level. There Is little or nothing along the lake to indicate a higher beach ele vation and it seems to me much more probable that whoever did the paint ing ciimDed up pn the rocks from a water level approximately the same as the present. 1 The writer has seen a number of these pictures and while, it is true mm. most autnorities agree tnat tney were not made by the modern Indians. yet an inspection of them indicates whoever did them did not represent a tandard of oivilization materially advanced beyond that of present-day naians. tor tne most part, the draw ings and carvings are auite crude. They frequently represent suns with rays, crude human faces and fiarures"' and other similar designs. They are lar Irom lifelike. They look as though they had been made bv an-. cient cubists and futurists. It seems o be general belief of those who have studied them that while these pic tures were not made bv the modem Indians, they were at least not pro duced very long ago, from the point of view of time as cofhpared with geological ages. 1 strongly recom mend tnat those interested endeavor to secure the paper by Mr. Smith re- lerreq to. w is A. c ARTHUR. PAY IS LESS THAN LABORER'S Con-tderlnc loafer Boars, Norse's Wage Is Smaller thaa In skilled Worker's. PORTLAND",- Nov. 23. (To the Ed itor.) I am a trained nurse and, al though not practicing the profession now, 1 feel it my duty to defend the graduate nurse. As I am not nursing now, I am not personally interested in the salary a nurse receives, .but 1 did follow the nursing profession for 15 years, and feel I know just what nurses life is- - Ttap physician who wrote you cer tainly needs some enlightenment on tne subject. ie speaks of now easy it is lor a nurse to get her education, of her working for three years from 7 A. M. to 7 P. M., Sundays and holi days included,' and attendance at Jec tures and devotion to studies after that. Only the very healthy and strong person can stand the hard slavery a nurse has to endure during her training. At least a third of them lose their health before they are through. Then when they receive their diplomas they have nothing to look forward to but 12 to 20 hours' work a day, with the responsibility of someone's life to think of. The nurse cannot build up a practice as the doctor can. The unskilled laborer of today receives $5 to $6 for eight hours' work, while a nurse receives $6 or $7 for from 12 to 20 hours' work. If the nurses of today were to form a combine and demand an eight-hour day the public would begin to realize what the nurse has been doing for them. There are 'of course, nurses who wear silk undergarments, as a pa tient stated, but as in all professions, one will find the good and the bad. The average nurse has neither time nor money for dress or pleasure. I do hope that in the future the nures's life will be made easier for her, or I am afraid there will always be a great shortage in the profession. Ci. M. SCHOOL STANDARD NOT MENACED Teacher Sees No Ranger in Awaiting N. E. A, Tenure Draft. PORTLAND. Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) The Oregonian editorial of last week on teachers' tenure was gratify ing in its general attitude toward the schools, but contained several inac curacies. The proposed amendment that the principals endorsed offered the "unanimous consent" of the board in order to discharge a teacher; the pres ent plan does not offer this, and those of us who have been in the service even the last three years can recall an instance of a trial in Which four out of five board members voted to discharge a teacher who was later exonerated by the commission. The editorial, too, referred to the Indeterminate date of the N. E. A. report, for which the teachers have asked the privilege of waiting before making amendments to the present tenure law. Officials of the N. E. A. assure us that the report is under preparation and will be made at the next session. . We were stampeded into amending tenure four years ago by pressure from school board members; we wish, if further changes are necessary, to have exhaustive and expert advice to the end that we may make no leg islative blunders, but may present a bill that embodies the best thought of the times. If the standards and morale of the schools were being lowered by tenure, the teaching body would be the first to demand a change, but, after mature deliberation, the teachers feel that, for the present, the schools and the DUblic can best be served by the en tire withdrawal of the question of tenure from politics and by the res toration of harmonious quiet in school circles. CLASSROOM TEACHER. " A Question of Will- Baltimore American. "I hearMrs. Rox is going to break her husband's will." "How can she? He never had one after ha married her." . .. Those Who Come and Go. 'Canadian wheat was selling at $1.66 a bushel last Saturday, but the growers are complaining because the price isn't higher; they don't want a tariff raised by the United States which will keep their wheat from coming into this country," said John Adair, formerly of Astoria and Wir renton, but now of Alberta, who is registered at the Imperial. Mr. Adair went to Alberta for his health and says he Hasn't had. to see a doctor since going there. Jks to the wheat DroDOSitlon. Mr. Adair states that most of the Alberta farmers - who raise this Canadian wheat are Amer icans. Wheat land can be bought for $15 an acre, although the government sold some school land at auction a few days ago which brought $7o an acre. Labor is cheaper than on mis side of the line, so wheat costs less to produce. Mr. Adair Is in the stock business and says he likes it. Among the arrivals In Portland yesterday was Or. J. C. Smith or Grants Pass. Dr. Smith has been a figure in the Oregon legislature for many years as a member of the stale senate, of which body he is a veteran. Dr. Smith. In the 1921 session, will be a member of the ways and means committee, of which committee he was chairman in the sessions of 1919 and 1920. He admitted yesterday that he has a couple of bills which he expects to ' introduce, but the nature of these measures he Is not prepared to make public at this time, as he has not worked out the details. Among other things in which the doctor is Interested is seeing that the Grants Pass fishermen get a square deal in fish regulations for the Rogue river. Tomorrow Is the great day for cranberries, and E. R. Budd of llwaco. Wash., says that many tons of the berries which will be served with turkey tomorrow will come from the marshes of North Beach, Wash. Mr. Budd says that about 60 per cent of the cranberry crop has been saved down in his vicinity, although for a while It looked as though the entire crop would be lost on account of the rains whicn Inundated the bogs and made picking difficult. "Rain!" quoth Mr. Budd. "Why. we have had nine inches of rain In the first 15 days of October. It rained almost continu ously since the first of September. with only a few days let-up. An Alberta, where J. H. Law, reg istered at the Perkins, comes from the farmers have hail insurance. Hailed out" is an expressive term in Alberta, for when a hail storm comes it will flatten a field of grain to the ground within half an hour. and the hailstones are as large as hazelnuts. SDeakine: conservatively. There Is what is known as municipal hail insurance, and every farmer Is In on this, unless he makes formal notice that he is not. Under the mu nicipal hail insurance a farmer does not know what the insurance will cost him. for no one knows until the season Is over and all the hail losses are compiled and prorated. Like Othello, the occupation of O. H. Holmes of Clatskanie Is gone Until the other night Mr. Holmes op eratd a passenger stafre between Portland and Clatskanie. While on the lower Columbia highway the pan of his automobile became filled with oil; the engine backfired, th"e oil was set ablaze and In a moment the ma chine was being wrapped In flames Mr. -Holmes tried to extinguish the fire, but the bus was destroyed be' fore the flames died out. Two motor Ists came along and squirted chemi cals on the burning bus with hand extinguishers, but without beneficial effect. Mr. Holmes is registered at the Perkins. "We were filled up, so when woman came in here from a late train after midnight I tried to find accommodations for her," sighed hotel clerk yesterday. "I telephoned to five different hotels trying to se cure a room for her and it took half an hour of my time and as much more time of the telephone girl. Finally engaged a room for her at a hotel which is a little far out, but when told the woman I had secured her a room and where it was, she said 'Way up there? What do you take m for?' And out she bounced into th night. And that's the thanks I re ceived." "Somewhat quiet," is the way L L. Snodgrass. hotel man of La Grande reports conditions in that vicinity. "Some of the farmers were offered $2.40 for their wheat, but declined to sign a contract for that price, ex pecting the price would - go higher, but now it is way below. Of course, the contracts called for delivery at a certain date, and some of the erow ers were not in position to deliver at that time. However, everyone Is look ing for an upward tendency In th wheat market." Mr. Snodgrass 1 registered at the Hotel Portland. A. A. Roberts, town marshal of Pendleton, who is anxious to be ap ''pointed United States marshal unde the coming republican-administration was in. Portland yesterday browsin around to find out what his chance are of capturing the federal plum, He discovered that he has an amount of competition, as the mar shal's office is one of the most sought after in the state, while he was i a hotel lobby yesterday discussln his prospectsothere were two rival for the same job within ten feet him, discussing their own pros pects. "Never in my life have I seen con ditions change so rapidly in thre months as I have just noticed in th middle west and In Texas," says Will lam Pollman, banker of Baker, who arrived yesterday at the Imperia from Texas. Everything is on th decline sheep, cattle, hogs, wheat, oats, rye, cotton. Cotton is 15 cent a pound. The slump came suddenly and continued steadily until the mid die west and Texas have been hard hit. When I left things were still going down." Spray, which, a few years, ago, was nothing but sagebrush, is perking up since work has been under way on the John Day highway. Spray, which is on John Day river, is anticipating tourist travel next summer, and with assurances that there will be a great deal of this traffic in 1922. P. H. Peters has arrived at the Hotel Ore gon from Spray. D. D. Monro has arrived from New York to participate In a Bible con ference being held In this city. He is registered at the Hotel Portland. R. M. Crommelin, manager of a flour mill at Pendleton, arrived in Portland yesterday and is registered at the Benson. John D. McGowan of llwaco 1 reg istered at the Hotel Portland, and his brother Henry is registered at the Imperial. The McGowans are salmon packers on the Columbia, and their brand has been familiar to the trade for more than half a century. Colonel John M. Poorman, district potentate for Woodburn and pioneer banker of that city, who recently re tired from the financial field, is reg istered at the Hotel Portland .with Mrs. Poorman. George Hamilton, manager of a hotel at Aberdeen, Wash., is among the arrivals at the Multnomah. The slump in the lumber market has af fected Aberdeen's chief industry. PAY IS NOT ENOUGH FOR FINER- Narsea la Silks and Tailored G Most Ban Otker Resoareea. PORTLAND, Nov. 2S. (To the Edi tor.) All the excitement over the poop nurse's wage! They have been considered servants so long that now when they have decided to come to their own it seems a shock too great for the laity. From their standpoint a nurse requires no preliminary edu cation. She can work three long, hard years for nothing and continue to do so when she finishes her train ing. She does not appear to have the right to the human desire to work up in her profession. If there is no mer cenary end at all, what desire in the common trend of thiliKS of today has she to build up and make her services worth the price? She cannot do it in poverty. If she is not worth that price, then why are not the training schools suoh that when she finishes her course she is worth it? Just let the theaters raise their prices and the public will continue as many nights a week at the the ater as before and say nothing. They will buy the same clothes, even if prices are up. The doctor can charge 3 for a ten-minute call, and as much again for medicine, and that is all ight, when perhaps without the properly trained nurse neither could save the patient. She is continu ously on the job. If the woman who has "two husky boys and a husband who earns 36 per day wishes to trust them through a serious illness to "a physi- ian." with his "corps of competent practical nurses'' let her do it. They work like all machines do the me- hanical work. . But should an in ternal hemorrhage, collapse, shock or any emergency arrive when a skilled and trained brain is needed to think fast and every movement counts, will the "competent corps of practical!" be there? Could they read a ther mometer? Would they know what it meant? Look at the 16 and 17-year-old shop girls, and all are well dressed and have their Marcels. Nothing is said about that. But if a nurse cornea out with silk underwear and gowns something is wrong! Very likely some grateful patient gave her these, and perhaps she has something be hind her besides her daily wage for that would never keep her in tailored dresses or silk underwear. - I think people forget the laundry bills, registration fees, apartment rent and days between cases when the nurse has to live in order to be able to take another case. But she is not supposed to attend any theaters or live like an ordinary girl! One knows that without any recreation anyone would become a grouch and prematurely aged; health becomes broten with lonsr hours and only sick bed companions. The nurse is supposed to have a wonderful disposition and appear in immaculate uniform always And she certainly should. And attend to every need of her patient. This she will do, and it does not mean that she will absolutely not do any charity work for those that need it. Because she demands a reasontble price for her . services and reasonable hours does not mean that the spirit of the profession is lost forever. If past conditions continue registered nurses will soon become very few, for there are other professions existing for women, with higher wages and shorter hours. And they do not abso lutely give three years for prepara tion. - REGISTERED NURSE. WHIPPING FOR WHITE SLAVERS Punishment of Man Needs Be More Severe to Equal Woman's. OAK POINT. Wash., Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) Anent the communica tion in The Oregonian November 13 signed "For Justice," wherein the writer avers that the Mann act is one-sided, and says that if it happens to be a woman who lures a man away from his wife she receives little or no punishment while the man who lures the wife receives a heavy sentence, and refers to one of those slimy rep tiles, mentioned In The Oregonian, who took a man's wife away from Oakland, Cal., and brought her to Portland, Or. This correspondent seems to think that a $2000 bond was an excessive bond to place him under pending de portation to California, and asks, "If It happened to be a woman, would she have been held at such a figure?" It appears that this slimy individual had the insolence to tell the officer who made the arrest upon the charge of white slavery that a fellow had the right to do as he pleased and to do whatever made him happy. It ap pears that his service in the army has not taught him to do his duty, and all such individuals usually conceive the idea that they have no duty to per form and are not responsible to any law or anybody for such a thing as duty. A good way to bring all such "gen tlemen" to a realization of the fact that they have their duty to perform is to bring them to the whipping post and make them understand that the people and the law "expect every man to do his duty." - I am for justice also, and trust, too that some of the lawmakers will make the pains and' penalty attached to white slavery and of all crimes of like nature, such as luring and hold ing out encouragement to girls and wives to leave their homes for the purpose of betraying them, equal. Make them equal and so that the man must suffer with the woman. Under present conditions he does not. Be trayed and deserted, or sold into slav ery, she and her family, her mother, and sister, have all the odium at tached, all the heartache and she all the brainache, not daring to look anyone in the face and shunning all but the dregs of society. If married, her poor little innocent children suf fer the disgrace with her. "I will visit the sins of the fathers upon the children" seems to apply with partic ular force here. How does the man in the case feel? Usually considers himself a hero and struts around as unabashed as ever. and that is usually the way with his family also. Yes, let us have justice and the way to bring it around is to bring the white slaver and all his kith and kin to the whipping post. My word for it, he will not strut around as much of a hero after that WILLIAM NEWELL. Questions In Manic. PORTLAND, Nov. 22. (To- the Edi tor ) Please state (1) what is the music teachers' association of Oregon, its purpose and its power? (2) Is it necessary for a person desiring to give piano lessons to be a member of this association? (3) Is there any" law In Oregon, either state or city, that wculd prohibit anyone teaching piano, if the teacher is not a college gradu ate, or a finished pianist? (4) What day was December 13, 1886? A READER. (1) . An association of music teach ers who. work for the betterment of music, and especially music in Oregon. The rules of the association govern It3 members only. (2) . No. (3) . No. There is a state regulation, however, whereby any music teachers who pass examination in music pro ficiency are accepted by the state as accredited music teachers, and stu dents who study with these accredited teachers by proficiency in music stud ies receive three credits out of 15 in high school. 1 (4). Monday. . John Burroughs' Nature Notes. Caa You. Aimer Taese Queatioasf 1. Do birds sympathise with one an other? 2. Will a squirrel steal stores from another squirrel? 3. How do bumblebees pass the winter? Answers In tomorrow's nature notes. AaMwera to Provtoaa Q,aeatloaa. 1. Do the same biros frequent the same localities each year? I am convinced that birds have a sense of home, or something analogous tr, it. and that they return year after ear to the same localities to nest. The few cases where I have been able tc identify the particular sparrow or robin or bluebird confirm me in this belief. 2. Do animals keep the command-" irent, "Thou shalt not kill?" It is true that the command against murder is pretty well kept by the hiftl.er animals. They rarely kill their own kind; hawks do not prey upon rawks, nor foxes prey upon foxes, nor weasels upon weasels; but lower down this does not hold. Trout eat trout, and pickerel eat pickerel, and among the insects young spiders eat one an other, and the female spider eats her mate If she can get him. ' S. will a horsehair really turn into a snake? Everywhere may be found intelli gent people who will tell you they know that a horsehair, if put into the spring, will turn into a snake, and that all hair-snakes have this origin. But a hair never turns into a snake any more than wheat is transformed into chess. The 80-oalled hair-snake is a parasitical worm which lives in trie bodies of various insects, and which at maturity takes to the water to lay its eggs. (Rights reserved by Houghton -Mifflin ' Lompany). In Other Days. Tweaty-five Years Ago. From The Oregonian of November 24. 1895. With butter at 65 cents andi eggs at 25 cents the Oregon cow and hen wllL as is their wont, suspend operations. It is estimated that 1000 tons of hay belonging to sheepmen have been burned in the Antelope, Caleb and Mitchell country by those who have been at war with the sheepmen for years. Modjeska's farewell tour Is provlnst one of many triumphs for her. Altogether. 317 American students are entered at Berlin university for this winter. Fifty Years Ago. From The Oreironian of November 24. 1870. At Walla Walla they tax each hurdy gurdy house $100 per quarter. Each hawker or peddler is - charged the same. During the week end ma- November 1 the war material exDorted from New York to Cowles, England, reached tne enormous figure of $17,600,000, in cluding rifles, cannon and ammuni tion. The paving of Pennsylvania avenue In Washington city, with wooden pavement has created more trouble for the citizens than prospective good. Six marriage licenses only have been issued by our county clerk this month. The hymeneal market may be reported dull. REVOL.T 4 OS ELECTION DAY 1 Chance Now Here to Free More Slaves Thaa la Civil War Times, MAPLE LANE, Or, Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) A few days ago Stephen A. Lowell, Pendleton, bewailed the prospects of ruin to farmers from the falling prices. Incidentally reference was made to our national debt which was placed at about $22,000,000,000. The writer feared the future and finally predicted "revolution and re pudiation" as a possibility. I wonder where Judge Lowell was two weeks ago when the returns came in. Or is it possible he did not know a revolt had taken place? Had ha consulted a well-known Parisian dilletante -temporarily residing in Washington he could have been in. formed that the "rabble" following the "enemies of civilization" succeed ed in "capsizing the wisest and best government ever established on earth." He was under no illusions on that subject. Sixty years ago the same nominal party brought about a successful rev olution and after a tempestuous term established its ideals. What of to day? There are as momentous prob lems. Today the party met the gov ernment in its united capacity and received a verdict which should easily be comprehended. The former time It was a house divided and a near straddle on Issues, making for hesi tation in policy. A divinity shapes our ends, however, and the course must be followed. The result Is big history. What of today? Will the party strike the "bonds" from a hundred million people in place of four mil lions of the other day? "Repudia tion," gasps Judge Lowell. Sure thing! All southern debts were re pudiated, the title deeds to four bil lions of property were repudiated or confiscated, and civilization went marching on. Yes, wipe out all the bonds, public and private; forgive our foreign debt ors, and then? We shall be a free people. Or will it be just talk in the legislative branch and the adminis tration's constructive policy be fram ing glittering catch words! If so, another revolution will soon follow this one, say. about four years later. JOHN F, STARK. "WE THANK THEE." We- thank thee, Father, for the dawn. That comes a-slnging o'er the hills; For all the madrigal of song. For love that lures, and hope that thrills; With joy we gird our armor on. And thank thee. Father, for the dawn. We thank thee. Father, for the noon. Which taxes hand and heart and brain; We thank thee for the strength to toil. To do our part, and stand the strain; The hour of service ends so soon; We thank thee, Father, for the noon. We thank thee, Father, for the night With all its silent mystery. When in the shining worlds above We glimpse our soul's immensity; For promised rest, for faith made bright, We thank thee. Father, for the night. We thank thee. Father, for thy love So freely given through all our days; Which follows like a sunlit stream By shaded paths and stony ways. Of all thy rich gifts from above We thank thee. Father, most for ABETH E. SHERWOOD.