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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 21, 1920)
10 THE 3IORXIXG OKEGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 21, 1920 1 KSTABLISMEO BY HENRY L. PITTOCK. Published by The Oregonian Publishing Co., lui sixth Street. Portland. Oregon. C A. UORDE.V, EL B. PIPER. . Alanaffer. Kditor. The Oreonian is a member of the Asso- elated Praas. The Astiociated Press is - exclusively entitled to the use tor publica-.-' tlon of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper and ,3 n also the iocai news published herein. Ail rights of republication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Subscription Rate Invariably la Advance. (By Mall.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year $S.O0 iJaiiy.'Sunday included, six months .... 4.25 -I 'ally, Sunday included, three montha. . .2. lmily. Sunday included, one month .... .73 Ijaily. withou. Sunday, one year 6.00 Daily, without Sunday, six months .... 3.25 Ially, without Sunday, one month .60 Weekly, one year - - 1.00 Sunday, one year 2.50 t-unday and weekly 3.50 (By Carrier.) ' Pally. Sunday Included, one year $9.00 tional use, and follow It with "whom." So "whom" it is. Some of these days, when the league of nations is settled and the world is at peace, and nobody has much to worry about, we purpose to make life a little more worth living for those pedants who think words are more important than anything else, opening a symposium on the following sentence: He gave his money freely to whomso ever asked for It. It looks easy and sounds easy, and doubtless it is easy for the tinkering technicians. But they will not agree on it, nevertheless. A D. 8. M. FOB OWEJ. Voters who are so fortunate as to receive the pamphlet issued by the Owen-for-Presidenti club will be gratified to learn therein that the controversy as to who won the war Ually. Sunday Included, three montha. . 2.25 1 has finally been settled. It was not l)aily. Sunday included, one month 7.1 . Hic nor Tench, nor Pershiner. nor Dally, without Sunday, one year ...... 7.S'J -Dally, without Sunday, three montha... 1.95 Daily, without Sunday, one month .... .65 -N How to Remit Send postofflce money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are a l owner's rink. CJIve postoffice address in full, including county and stats. Postage Itatrw 12 to 1ft pages, 1 cent: IS to pases. 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, 3 cents; 5U to 60 pages. 4 cents; t2 to 74 . pages, 5 cents; 78 to 82 pages, 6 cents. Foreign postage, double rates. Kantern Business Office Verree ft Conk lln. Brunswick building. New York; Verree -& Conklin, Rtegsr building, Chicago; Ver ree & Conklin, Free Press building, De troit, Mich. San Francisco representative, it. J. indwell. Haig, nor Foch, nor Pershing, nor Sims, nor Daniels, nor Hoover, nor Woodrow Wilson, and of course suspicion long ago ceased to rest upon the fighting gobs, doughboys, tommies and poilus. It was Senator Owen of Oklahoma. We read in the pamphlet: "He was the master builder of .the federal reserve act. . . . The whole world recognizes that this measure contributed in a gigantic way to the winning of the wan It enabled America to finance the world war, made democracy and civilization vic torious in the greatest crisis, of his- WIND-jammeng AJTD bill-jamming, tory, and opened an era of unbound- The choice between the wind- I ing prosperity for the United States. Jammers and the bill-jammers is not conducted mrougn tne easy to make; but the public weal is . f"1? a " u"llze ae sller ul" probably in less danger from the InQia from flnanclal panlc and thu3 wind-jammers. By which we mean I protected the allies from a commer- tnat tne legislative naon oi taiKing cj,i trae-p-dv " too much is an abuse; but the legis- In COmnarlson with the foretroinsr .-.-ative practice of shoving- bills following achievements of the tnrougn at tne last nour wimout ois- senator, also enumerated in the pam cussion, or any real consideration, is phlet, seem trivial: a positive danger, an outright evil. "It was due to his very aggressive The public is likely to complain of fiprnt that tne senate finall passed the talkers In a legislature, or in the constitutional amendment pro- congress. Tet discussion is vital to vlding for direct election of sen the proper consideration of any I ators " measurer- It is the universal safety . ..It was due to his nersistent fieht valve. The republic, or the state, is that cioture was adopted and senate sate wnen it Knows wnat is going processes made more democratic." was organized with minute attention to detail. The "connoisseurs" were assigned to learn the play by heart and to call attention of the audience about them to its fine points; the "rigolards" laughed at every jest; the "pleureurs," or weepers, nearly al ways women, manifested visible emo tion at every moving passage and were the original sob-sisters of their day. These and other refinements of the profession and the com plaisance of an amusement-loving public gave to the claque its power. The claque is founded on the well known principle that both tears and laughter are infectious. The closest approach to it in the United States Is the organization of demonstrations in political conventions, but in these it 13 adapted to democratic, institu tions by being converted into a kind of contest, into which the partici pants enter with some of the spirit of sportsmanship which Is character istic of us. It would speedily re bound on the heads of any who made tyrannical use of it Indeed, it often does so, when overdone and there is little or no danger that it will ever gain a foothold in our theaters. Cam panini was right when he told his artists that they were wasting their money by paying for misleading American audiences with manufac tured applause. on. It is m grave peril wnen sup pression is the rule. It may be well to ask whether or not another constitutional amend ment Is not In order. The recent "The passage of the farm loan act was due largely to his activities." Whether the Oklahoma statesman kept the United States and the whole world off the rocks by merely wind- special legislative session called by iag tho other ninety-five senators the governor to consider certain spe- around his little finger or lashed c.ific subjects, covered a wide range, them into a sense of duty with the Under the general ' demand for a power of, his oratory we stre left to short session, the bill-jammers had surmise. But there is the recorti. their way, and made a record. They jje aj,j jt. should be curbed. It is Impossible, But rather than eneouratre the under present practices, or under democratic party to give the Okla- the constitution. Let the governor have constitu tional authority to limit in his call homa senator the presidential nomi nation for his unparalleled service, it is a painful duty to quote again from the topics to be considered at any I the pamphlet: extraordinary legislative session. . in senator Owen has always received the .case of emergency a new subject support of thousands of republican voters might be Introduced by unanimous because he has always treated them fairly ' . - ... , i , and generously, assuming that they, too. yuiiotsui oi tne icSia.d.Luic, ui m r good Americana, desirous of having uy inree-iourms vote, approved uy the governor. Such a measure would hold down any legislature. -WHO" AND "WHOM." New Tork grammarians are all fussed op over the correctness of this sentence; "Alfred, than whom a greater king never reigned, deserves to be held up as a model to all future sovereigns." Grammar sharks Kav "whom" is wrone. It should be "who" and others state for the sake of euphony I tion that virtue and patriotism may It should be wnom. others too say exist outside of the democratic nartt Inlr irrn m m a w Hb. . I is heresy, nothing less. a government faithfully and honestly ad ministered. This is condescending indeed, but badly out of tune with the appeal of another illustrious democrat for the election of a democratic congress that the war might be carried to a successful conclusion; In view of the unanimous party endorsement of that appeal, the senator's assump-- "vhom" Is correct. I think grammar de pends upon surroundings. I know a man who broke up a pool game Faying "whom do I follow?" He was too go&h-awful educated for pool. A Salem reader, seeking distrac tion from the commotion of words created by the recent legislative ses sion, submits the foregoing interest ing paragraph from the Indianapolis Star, and asks The Oregonian to as- So we shall recommend him for one of those distinguished service medals that are going begging, and let it go agthat. Ulli CLAQUE TS CHICAGO. The late Cleofonte Campanlnl probably was not the kind of artist rist in restoring the general equllib- I who would employ a claque to create rium by resuming Its discussion of the fictitious impression of success grammar and Its abuses. We have for hfthself, but he may have yielded little hope that further attempts on to a European custom as old as Nero our part will shed any ray of light In furnishing, as has recently been on certain editorial minds we wot of, charged by two singers of the Chi- ' but nevertheless we desire always toicago irrand Opera company, a con- oblige, and we will give the gram-1 siderable number of free tickets to marians another morsel to digest. I men designated by the assistant stage "Who" is a little word, but it is manager, who appears to have been the most elusive, puzzling and exas- I tho official claque leader. It may peratlng combination of three letters I have been possible for these men to in the English language. It declines I levy a species of artistic blackmail. to be fastened to strict usage, and " the singers have said that it has been more variously nsed by they did. But. not if the public had great writers than any other word. I been aware of what was going on. -.. Kven the experts stumble over It. I The spirit of fair play is too deeply Vor example. Fowler, tn his Eng- imbedded in Americans to warrant lish grammar, wrote: "Whom do I belief that an attempt by any claque . they say it Is?" Milne, la his Greek I to ruin the career of an artist would ' grammar, gives this gem: "He knew I not have been defeated instantly by ; not whom they were." Priestlys I publicity. grammar has: "Who do you think I This apparently, Charles Kontalne, me to be?" There are staggering the French tenor, and AUesandro " Illustrations of the ease with which I Dolci, Italian tenor, did not know. .1 authorities err. Or are we to as-1 tor they say that members of the ; Bume that they are indifferent to the! company. Including themselves, paid requirements of construction and for I r applause at the rate of from $50 the sake of euphony, or in response 'week to J 20 a performance. Cam- to the demands of analogy, or what- I panini seems to have had a better ap- jiot, have deliberately substituted Ispreciation of the American way of "who" for "whom," or vice versa. I doing things, for he is said to have The observant reader of the scrip- I told them that they need not heed tures has often wondered why the I either the demands for money or the eminent scholars who gave us the I tnreats. jvevertneless a profoundly King James version permitted this foreign atmosphere surrounds pro- .' sentene to slip by: "Whom do men duction of opera, even in this coun- say that I, the Son of Man, am?" "v. and rather than risk their artis- (Matthew 16:13). The same use of tic reputations, the singers continued "whom" occurs again: "And bv the I to pay. way he asked his disciples, saying I There has been preserved in his- unto them, whom do men say that I t(ry an interesting letter that illus- am?" (Mark 8:27). Again: "And I trates the seriousness with which the he asked them, saying, whom say the I members of the old French claque people that I am?" Luke9:lS). in viewed tnelr singular profession. every instance, so your purist will say, "who" should have been em ployed. Frank Vizetelly, editor of the Stand HOWE AS A PLUMB FLAXXEK Frederick C. Howe, whose useful ness to the cause of bolshevism as, immigration commissioner at Ellis island was suspended when he was removed from that position and was no longer able to prevent the depor tation of his red friends, is now serv ing the cause in another capacity that of director of the conference on democmuc control of the railroads. That is a parlor bolshevist name for soviet control of the railroads. The accuracy of Mr. Howe's knowledge about railroads may be measured by his statement that American railroad charges are the highest in the world. When his cor rectness was challenged, he offered this explanation. (1) That the per capita cost of rail roads in European countries is verv much below what it is in this country; (2) that we cannot compare our rates, and that if we could compare Bervlce rendered and individual commodities we would prob ably find that the rate was lower in some European countries than it Is here, and that so far as service to the consuming public Is concerned, the passenger rates are lower in many countries than they are In this country. By "cost of railroads" he apparently means "cost of railroad service" and the obvious answer is that the Amer ican people use railroads more per capita than any other people. They have almost as many miles of rail roads as all the rest of the world combined, they use more goods car ried by rail and they travel more than any other people, therefore they spend more on railroad service. As to comparison of rates, there is practically only one class of passen ger service In the United States first class while other countries have second, third and fourth classes, and the bulk of their traffic is of the lower classes. In 1913 In Germany less than 3 per cent of the traffic was first, and 79 per cent was third and fourth class, and in Britain 76 per cent was third. class. Americans spend more money per capita on freight traffic because they ehip more goods more miles per capita than Europe does, - having more miles of line per capita. For each 10,000 of population in 1913 the United States had twenty-six miles. France less than seven, Britain five and Germany less than six. The number of tons carried one mile was 3101 in the United States, 447 in France and 631 in Germany. But the. charges per tdn per mile were the lowest. The last compar ative figures available are those for 1913. They show that the average receipts per ton-mile were .729 cents for the United States, 1.16 cents for France, 1.24 cents for- Germany, though the greater density of pop ulation . and therefore of traffic In Europe should make rates less than in the far more sparsely populated United states.' The strongest argument for private as against public operation of rail roads' in the United States is that American railroads give the bst service- at the lowest cost in the world. The best answer which the Plumb planners can find 13 such vague, general and false statements as that of Mr. Howe. British unions and employers. Be fore the war British unions restricted- production, preventing efficiency and thereby preventing their mem bers from getting good wages. In order to increase production for the war they suspended their restrictive rules, with the result, as Mr. Fish said, that "production per unit per workman increased tremendously and saved the situation." He does not believe that the old rules can be re-established and he thinks that "if they are, England as a commercial nation is doomed." He continues: , I think the labor union and the labor nnion leaders will have to see and recog nize that fact in England and voluntarily adopt new principles, and if they do it over there, maybe they will do it In this country, because in this country I think the evidence is complete that the rules, principles, of the labor union are such as to reduce production, to limit efficiency and to suppress development of the in dustries. Under the old rules the British workman produced not more than a third to a half as much as an Amer- lean workman, and was not getting anytning like the compensation o an American workman. If the bar to efficiency should be removed, his production would be Increased and British competition with the United States would become more formid able. The way to meet this competi tion is to increase industrial efficl ency in this country by general re sort to collective bargains, which would likewise increase wages and would develop the spirit of co-operation or partnership by bringing em ployers and workmen into friendly contact, man to man. Employers would then have constantly in mind that they have to deal not with a commodity called labor but with men whose production will be in creased by arousing their sense of self-interest and of common interest with the employer. A contract which pays a man for all the value which he produces, which convinces him that it does, will lead him to in crease his output and will soon con vince him of the folly of the old Idea that, if he works to his fair capacity, he will work himself or some other man out of a job or that his wages will be reduced. Probably the worst obstacle to col lective bargaining is the difficulty of holding some unions, or some of their members, to fulfillment of a con tract. The other two principal speak ers to the audience which Mr. Fish addressed were presidents of unions who have made a successful fight to hold their members to contracts Major George L. Berry of the press men, and T. V. O'Connor of the long shoremen. Both testified to the suc cess of the system. Major Berry proudly said that in his trade there had been only two unauthorized strikes since the declaration of war, and in both instances the interna tional union joined with the em ployer in spanking those unions that called the strikes." As an example f the success of collective bargain ng with the longshoremen, Mr. O'Connor said in reference to the lumber-carriers on the great lakes After a three-year agreement a commit tee on grievances to hear grievances on Dotn sides met In Detroit. Mr. Blatch representing the lumber carriers, said to me, J-fave you got any grievances? said, "No. "Well, neither have we," and we proceeded to make a new agreemen lor the following year. The strike of New Tork longshore men was instigated by the reds In violation of an arbitration agreemen regarding which Mr. O'Connor said I wasn't satisfied with the Increase I pay and I voted against It. but we bad agreed to abide by the majority. He prevented the strike from spreading from JCew Tork to an other Atlantic port, and finally got the men back-to work in New Tork. Against this fine record of two unions must be set that f the coal miners, which was a plain breach of contract, and was a severe blow to the whole system. " It makes even liberal, progressive employers reluc tant to bargain with a union which cannot be held legally and finan ciallyi responsible for breach contract.- General adoption of th system must depend largely on the readiness of the unions to become responsible for breach of contract by their members as fully as employers would be. As both employers an workmen see the benefits derive from the system by trades which make arid keep contract-?, they will more generally resort to it, but action by unions to make contracts binding on themselves will hasten progress. BY-PRODUCTS OF" TUB TIMES Government Scientist TJrg-es Kew De parture la Cemeteries. Cemeteries ar not cheerful places. Burial lots are cared for during two three generations and then too commonly are neglected. Weeds cover the graves and fallen tombstones are allowed to lie. The long-dead axe forgotten. Dr. David Fairchild, a distinguished government scientist, urges & new departure. He thinks that cemeteries should be made attractive and that the principal feature of a great city urylng ground ought to be a beauti ful building somewhat resembling a library, with alcoves and quiet nooks. Instead of bookstacks It would have fireproof vaults containing per sonal records of members of the fam ilies whose lost ones are buried un- er flat stones amid the charming surroundings of a vast garden. These records would include all kinds of data relating to the dead accounts of their most noteworthy doings, photo graphs, etc. "Cannot you imagine," says Dr. Fairchild. "strolling into the hall of the dead, to find there, In their proper place, all of the personal records of your family for generations back? There are the photographs of your grandparents, of departed uncles and aunts or little ones who did not live to grow up, all with stories of their lives attached and letters and anec dotes. 'With these might be preserved phonographic records of the voices of the dead, so that they could be heard to talk; and rooms might be fitted up Mademoiselle Rachel, perhaps the greatest tragic actress of any period, was compelled by custom of her time to recognize the power of the claque ard dictionary, and a lexicographer I to make or break artistic reputations. of distinction, has an Interesting artl- I ino letter was written by a chef de cle in the New Tork Tribune on the claque In answer to her complaint that his men had not done their duty. He said: Mademoiselle: I cannot remain unaer the obloquy of a reproach from such lips pronoun, saying among other things Tho pedagogue and ths purists may try to restrict the language to grammatical rules, even as simple speller would like to simplify the spelling according to his dicta, but the language will have none of it. Not so many moons have passed since my good friend Professor Lounsbury presented a strong defense for "it is me." and, whife I am no prophet. I feel In my bones that whom" is going to kiok over the traces of its grammatical harness and rejoice in its violations of the canons of our soeech. impelled thereby by the genius of the language. Mr. Vizetelly gives many examples of the unorthodox use of "who" and "whom" by the greatest writers. He takes the following from Shake . speare: "Who should I swe.r byf Titus An aronicus, act v, scene l. "Run, O run!" "To w1o, my Vord tv i n s i.ear. act v, scene o. "What's the matter with my lord?" "With who?" Othello, act lv. scene 2. "Yield thee. thief!" "To who?" Cymbeline. act tv, scene t. And our dear old friend Charles Klngs ley: "Who have you there?" Hypatla, Mr. Vizetelly discusses also the pre cise case given by the Salem corre spondent, tracing it to Churchill's grammar. He finds that Nutting, a grammarian, rules that "after the conjunction than, contrary to anal ogy, whom Is used instead of "who." "i'et some, probably, nearly all, of the best writers give "that," a pregosi- as yours. The following is an authentic statement of what really took place. At tne II rat presentation 1 led the attack in person not less than thirty-three times. We had three acclamations, four hilarities. two thrilling movements, four renewals of applause and two indefinite explosions. In fact, to such an extent did we carry our applause that the occupants of the stalls were scandalized and cried out; "A la porter' My men were positively exhausted with fatigue and even intimated to me that they could not again go through such an evening. Seeing such to he the case, I applied for the manuscript, and after hav ing profoundly studied the piece, I was ooliged to make up my mind for tho sec ond performance to certain curtailments in the services of my men. I applied them, however, only to MM. , and If op portunity offers. I will make them ample amends. In such a situation as that which I have Just depicted, I have only to re quest you to believe firmly in my pro found admiration and respectful seal; and I venture to entreat you to have some respect for tho difficulties which environ me. We doubt that any claque picked up in Chicago can have given the singers who employed them "their money's worth, by the standard of the French. That always painstak ing and artistic people elevated to the dignity of a high calling the vo cation which would be frowned on in this country. Th French claque OBSTACLES TO COTXECTTTB BARGAINS. Discussion of collective bargaining by representative employers and labor leaders at ths Economic club of New Tork city goes to show that the real solution of the- labor ques tion consists in straightforward deal ing between employers and workers. in the making of contracts between them and in faithful observance o those contracts by both parties. The strongest and most successful unions are those which have made and have I faithfully observed bargains and have enforced them on insubordinate members and local unions. Opposi tion among employers to unionism is in large measure due to neglect, re fusal or incapacity of workmen in certain trades to make bargains, and to breach of contract by some unions. Probably in equal measure it is due to employers' objection to dealing with all the men of a certain trade collectively by all employers in that trade as a body. The motive of these employers was partly a reactionary clinging to the old idea of "master and man," which is un-American and. obsolete; partly to what they call union interference with the manage ment of their business, but chiefly to inability to hold unions, responsi ble for breach of contract, and to the disposition of many workmen to break a bargain when temptation arises to exact better terms by striking. ine view - or a progressive em ployer was given by Frederick P. Fish, president of the National In dustry Conference board and head of that body's committee to the presi dent's National Industrial conference. He called attention to the contrast between Great Britain, where nearly all workmen are in unions and where collective bargains between these unions and associations of employers are the rule, and the United States, where the controversy between the open shop and . collective bargains continues. As a result, less than 10 per cent of American workmen have been unionized, as compared with what Mr. Fish calls "a very much greater percentage in England," which some authorities place at 8 5 to 90 per cent. A most forcible argument tited by Mr. Fish in favor of united action by employers and workmen in America to increase efficiency and to induce continuous operation was the effect of the war. on the probatlt ioiicj of Those Who Come and Go. J ONLY TERRORISTS FED TO FEAR John H. Tilley of Service Creek. Hr. Gompfm Alarm Over An tl-Rrd Uw Raises Doubt of loyalty. SALEM. Or., Jan. 19. (To the Edi- wno is at tne ferains, is one or tne smllei nrsirient of h!s section.'.. best-known residents in People up that way call it "Sarvice" Creek, but the right name Is "Serv ice." There is considerable road work going on, the highway commission having let considerable mileage around Service Creek last year. They tell a story- on Mr. Tilley that as a deputy game warden he once dis covered that one of his neighbors had violated the law by killing a deer. Mr. Tilley, as the story goes, con stituted himself judge and Jury, found the neighbor guilty. Imposed a fine of 25 and collected it, and then con fiscated the deer, which he ami the neighbor proceeded to enjor". Samuel Hill, president of the Pacific highway association, announced yes terday that the highway will be dedi cated September 30. The points of dedication will be at Blaine, Wash., on the Interstate bridge, between Portland and Vancouver, and at San Francisco. At Blaine a portal will be erected to commemorate the fact that there has never been occasion to mount a gun to protect the boundary line between the United States and Canada. Mr. Hill says that the high way will be in good condition by September from La Center, Wash., to the Mexican line. He Is on his way to Seattle to see if the link between La Center and Olympla cannot be finished this year. William Ketchem is wondering where he is going to get off at on his cattle speculation. Mr. Ketchem. who was a cattle buyer 30 years ago and is now a cattle rancher in Wasco county, bought some cattle and will have to sell them for 13 cents a pound before he can break even. The cur- In Other Days. rent Quotation is 11 cents. Mr. for privately viewing moving pictures I Ketchem is at the Imperial of the departed, who would thus be made to 'come alive again.' The dead could thus be made. In a sense, to live on Indefinitely. Between the living generations and the past C A Sldler. who was oarticularly Interested in the fishing controversy on the Rogue river during the spe cial session, is at the Hotel Oregon with Mrs. Sidler. A representative of would be established a definite and Josephine county, he registers from permanent tie. Pittsburg Dispatch. Gjants Pass, and adds, as Js the habit t.t. . . - . , . . t- l- na 1 it s tne climate may do inaugurated irom LUKe neia, George W. Warren, of Warrenton Ford island, soon, now that flare Is at the Hotel Portland with his fara lights for lighting the field to guide Warrenton was laid out by his father and the present population Is determined to make it a regular sea port and industrial center, and to that end about a million dollars' worth of bonds have been floated. John Tassell, who is with the ship ping ooara at -Marsnneld. Is amon the airmen have been received here by the army authorities, says the Pacific Commercial Advertiser (Honolulu). Up to the present time only day flying could be carried on, night fly ing being barred becatrse of lack of the arrivals at the Seward. During the war Coos Bay put many ships Into the water, but shipbuilding has been an art as well as an industry at I Coos Hay for a great many years. Benton county was not suitable to his operations in stock, so George F. Brown moved away from Corvallis and is now running a big ranch at Oreacke. Idaho. At the Imperial, Mr. Brown confined to Harry Hamilton that the ranch Is on a paying basis. Don Prultt. for several years the private secretary of PL N. Stanfleld, proper lighting facilities for marking Luka field. The flares were received on a trans port which arrived here some time ago. but have not yet been placed. Inasmuch as the air defense of the Islands will require night as well as day flying and require a very large amount of flights between sunset and sunrise, depending on the manner of the approach of a hostile fleet, night flying work will become an Important factor of training. The vital necessity for such work Is a properly lighted is registered at the Seward from the field, so well illuminated that it can be seen from afar and give the re turning airman a perfect knowledge of the landing field. The late Professor Haeckel put a rather neat one over on Mr. Carnegie a decade or so ago. It happened thus: Auld Andrew was a great ad mirer of Haeckel and he commis sioned a young man who was about to become a student at Jena to get for him the professor's autograph. It ar rived a few weeks later in this form: "Ernest Haeckel acknowledges the receipt from Andrew Carnegie of a town of Stanfield. He Is credited with being one of the best Informed men in the northwest on the sheep and wool industry. Mrs. Carroll C. Seeley of Arlington is at the Multnomah. Mrs. Seeley's husband Is building the sections of the Columbia highway between Bla lock and Arlington. The work will be completed sometime this year. D. Z. Robinette, who specializes in locating homesteaders in the Silver Lake country. Is at the Imperial. Just now Silver Lake is chiefly concerned over the proposed Irrigation project. Hay Creek. Or., doesn't get on the hotel registers very often, but landed the American Federation of Labor, preliminary to his denunciation of the anti-sedition bills now before congress, says: "We yield to no man. in public office or out, in our loy alty to the constitution and institu tipns of this republic; no self-respecting man has or dare question that loyalty." At the risk of sacrificing a fully average self-respect I will now dare to say I do doubt his 100 per cent American loyalty. I am willing to admit, yes, I firmly believe, that the Individual American laboringman is loyal to the core, but as to their or ganization leaders and a radical. Irre sponsible minority thereof and their conduct in the past, I must insist that there-is good foundation upon which to found a reasonable doubt at least When a labor leader advises the vio lation of law and is obeyed by a ma jority of the organization, when there is interference with the rights of persons wishing to engage in honest labor, resort to force, personal abuse, assault and destruction of property when men will obey the dictum of their organization leaders rather than the request and orders of the president of the United States and those representing him, they certainly have no valid claim or right to be considered thoroughly loyal, and one cannot be blamed if he not only doubts but disbelieves. At the close of the same article in which the above protest of loyaltv for himself -and organization occurs he says: "The inevitable result, if this bill is enacted, would be to spread a reign of terror over the United States, fill the country with spies and special agents of the de partment of Justice, fill the land with suspicion and heresy hunting would become a national industry. From whence is this "spread of terror" to come and who are to spread it? I submit if the above lan guage pf Mr. Gompers does not sound line a tnreat tnat it is to come irom the Interests he represents. No other Interest than this class interest has found fault with the bill. Then, if this threatened spread of terror oc curs will it not be the duty of the government to "fill the country with special agents of Justice" to spy out and defeat the machinations of the terrorists? And If such agents be provided need any honest, law abiding person fear for his liberty or tor his personal safety? Only the law breakers and terrorists will have occasion to fear the execution of the law. It was Hudibras, 1 believe, who said, and it is as true now as when first published: "No thief feels the halter draw With good opinion of the law.' When Jlr. Gompers will publicly announce for himself and that he will earnestly advise his followers to obey strictly the laws of the land, to respect the mandates of the courts to refrain from assaulting and insult Ing persons in pursuit of legitimate occupation; to respect property rights and interests, and stand by said dec laration he may consistently claim to be 100 per cent loyal, otherwise not Mr. Gompers must recognize the fact that the ax-erage legislator i fully as Intelligent as he. and is fully as well qualified to judge what is be for the general public including the labor interests and that the con gress composed of men representing all interests is more likely to be risrht than is one man representing a class, no matter how numerous the class. Incidentally I wish here to record my approval and admiration of the vote given by Congressman JIcArthur and his reason therefor. He has shown that he has an American backbone and. furthermore, that he is not afraid to show It when occasion reufres its exhibition. DANIEL WEBSTER. Twenty-live Years Ago. From The OresonJan, January 21. lWfl. Washington. Presidt-nt Cleveland gave out a statement regarding the Hawaiian situation. The order to Rear-Admiral Beardslie to proceed to Honolulu with the flagship Philadel phia contained instruction to confine his attention to protecting the per sons and interests of American citi zens. Louisville. The packet steamer State of Missouri was sunk in the Ohio river just below Alton, 111., night before last and ten lives are believed to have been lost. "Shanghai. The Japanese fleet la re-ported to be bombarding Teng Chow. San Francisco. Preparations are actively in progress by the comniitteo of eleven for investigation of munici pal scandals. Fifty Tears Asm. From The Oregonian. January 2 New Tork. Arrangements 1S70. haw en made, under the action of courts In three states, to place the operation f the Atlantic & Great Western rail road under control of the Erie com- any, giving the latter au unbroken line between Cleveland. Cincinnati nd New York. There are only 700 women in Wyoming territory, but the passatre t the woman suffrage bill is expect ed to increase the number. Wool raisers of the valley are agi tating the question of forming an as sociation for the purpose of securing heap transportation of their product to the eastern markets. Zeiss microscope for the biological twlco ye8terday. Mr. and Mrs. c. laboratory of the Jena university." A microscope, needless to say, ar rived with Mr. Carnegie's compli ments at Jena university within few weeks. Boston Transcript. Browning's robust love of fun Is familiar to every student of bis life; he was, especially as he grew Into Berkeley are at the Multnomah, and C. C. bhelton la at the Perkins. Business is so good in the hotel line at Albany that R. B. Westbrook. ho tel manager, came to Portland yes terday and between trains bougbt a new motor bus with which to meet all trains. E. P. Dodd, who runs a newspaper maturity, one of the most social of I and lives at Hermiston and Is a rep- men. In the last Scrlbners Sir Sid ney Colvin, the biographer of Keats, presents his reminiscences of Brown ing, Ruskln, Roscttl, Burne-Jones and Gladstone, and of the first-named ha resentative in tho legislature- from that section, is registered at the Hotel Portland. Mrs. J. B. Clrarman has arrived at ho Hotel Washincton from San John Barleycorn, by its best friend. the state of Rhode. Island, will test prohibition in the supreme court. That state Is one of the few that re fused to ratify and is not big enough to fuss about. Burglars ransacked a horn a few nights ago and took nothing but some whisky, which they drank. With that much of a clew, the police are on the scent of a hot trail. There should not be friction be tween the male and female sections of the police system, and will not If each recognizes the rights of the other. Both are important. In some respects it Is to be re gretted that the world didn't end December 17. That seems to be the only way we can ever get rid of Burleson. te-lls a happy anecdote to Illustrate I Diego. CaL. to attend tho funeral of 'his partiality for any kind of fun or foolery of which the notion tickled him." In the later 70s Browning breakfasted once with a party of an dergrad nates and with Mr. Colvin at Cambridge. The talk ran to Chris tian names and their abbreviations and Browning bethought himself of a story of a registrar at an American university. This official asked the first of three brothers appearing In line his name. "Sam," said the boy. "That's no name," declared the regis? trar severely; "give me your full name Samuel." The second boy asked the same question, nervously replied: "My name is Lem, sir." "Non- That's no name," declared) the regis trar. "Say your real name In full.' And the boy faltered "Lemuel." The third brother was roughly asked the identical question, lost his head and tittered "Jimuel, sir." In sheer high spirits. Browning was unable to let the story end at this point. The registrar, he averred, broke into fury, declared that the boys had combined to insult him and asked which was Thoughts of a straight party ticket for republicans distress, some demo crats who never vote anything but their straight party ticket when they can. i Secretary Daniels has had a stormy career in the president's cabinet. But then a secretary of the navy ought to weather a few storms. If "Pussyfoot" Johnson . really means business, why doesn't he start an antl-moonshinlng campaign in the Kentucky mountains. .-Moonshlnlng is on the increase in the Kentucky mountains. Evidently the mountaineers are not taking any chances on wood alcohol. How much easier to marry the girl than to dig up thousands for damages! And in these days of easy divorce, too! Where does a man get a snack of corned beef and cabbage and the like while being fed up at continuous banquets? If those scientists can send camera to the moon, some genius will follow with some kind of dir igible. Time for a revolution tn Nicaragua That country has a surplus In its treasury. Sims is a regular old lion in Dan- ifcl'g den. her sister, Mrs. J. L. Bell of this city. A couple of stockmen from Paisley, Or J. D. and C M. Farra, brought a shipment to the local yards yesterday and are at the Imperial. E. A Rotan. the man who knows all about chickens, because he pub lishes a poultry journal at Salem, is registered at the Hotel Washington. On their return from California. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Kuck of The Dalles are at the Nortonla. Mr. Kuck Is a merchant. Part owners m the Tacolt (Wash.) Lumber company, J. Christy and D. G. I'oppa. are at the Perkins on business in Portland. J. B- E. Bourne of Rainier, publisher of a fraternal paper at that Columbia county town, is at the Seward. D. M Merrill, dealer in timber In Lane county, with headquarters Albany, is at the Multnomah. WOMEX AT rr.KAIII.-VC HAMllEt One Wonders What Crnrrsl Woo Id Have Anld if None Had neen There. PORTLAND. Jan. 20. (To the Editor.) When the committee o men were appointed to entertain General Pershing they decided to give a dinner la .honor of our distinguished guest. They first Invited men only, over looking tho fact that women played an important part in the world wa and were just as patriotic as th men. When the hour for the banquet ap preached and reservations were fow they evidently held a hurried consul tation and decided to Invite th ladies, and sent an S. O. S. to th various women's clubs of the city. The writer receiving a call decide not to accept so late an Invitation but patriotism overcame prejudice and she went to the dinner. The general was seated off in a corner entirely surrounded by men. and when he was called upon to speak he said, ha whs satisfied with all the arrangements except one he could not understand. Why he had only men to the right and men to the left, men he did not know and cared nothing for and all the fine looking ladies seated in the background. What would General Pershing have said if women had been excluded from the dinner? A CLUB WOMAN. Sweet Law and Clrlsenshlp. EUGENE. Or., Jan. 19. (To the Editor.) (1) Does the provision for automatic Insurance for 120 dnv nfu. the ringleader In the plot- Thereupon persons entered military service, as they gasped In chorus, each pointing I provided In Sweet bill, mean that all at his neighbor, "himuel. sir.? Of course, Chicago may be depend ed upon to furnish examples of the most utterly "timely" and " "up-to-date" specimens of the "up-to-date" poets and poetry and who better men who have government Insurance will be granted free insurance for 120 days or four months, or does It mean that if man was Injured or killed In that time was ho insured? (2) If man, a German citizen, mar ries a woman, a native of Switzerland. who took out complete naturalization papers soon after residence require than Vachel Lindsay, famous for hH LenH had been fulfilled and married apotheosis of General Booth of the I above man ten years after she became citizen, is she also now a German citizen? If husband dies, is she German citizen? (S) Is there any institution In Ore- gen which Is state supported which takes care of aged deaf and dumb E. G. L. Salvation Army on the Con though the general never touched the Congo; with its ' refrain of . "Boom, boom, boom," which Mr. Lindsay Is said to recite after requesting his fellow diners to pound'wlth him on 1 naturalized citizens? the table to punctuate this refrain. The newest Vachel Lindsay produc tion is "The Trotzky Trlology." and the following Is selected, as typical of the whole and quite enough of it. too: Down with diplomacy and diploatanlaes! ttown with the olaqnes! Down with tho foemen. of tho proletarian. Unitarian. Trinitarian. Dovn with every mosnback who . flghta against the soapsklboz! Tho Trotsky. Hottentotsky, Enronotstry, soapsfci box! Tho Bolshevlkl. Menshevticl. WomsnshTfkl, soapskl box! Tho Socialist, Communist, Honry-flst, soapskl box! Symbol of tho Crcch -Slave, symfco! of rhe Juyo-Slavs, Loved by tho dead Mood, shed blood, red blood. Lioved by tho moujiks, Ixved by the moujlks, Lrfved. by tho moujlks Who wear do mx! (1) It means that any man In the service who may have been killed within 120 days after enlistment is presumed to have been Insured. (2) She becomes a German citizen upon marrying. Her American citi zenship is restored by his death. (3) No. STROG MAX NEEDED AT CAPTTAI, Writer Cnll for Choice ny TVonlo It atht-r Than by Tarty. PHILOMATH, Or., Jan. 19 (To the Editor.) Most if not all of our na tional Interests of the present seems to be centered about the men who. either by personnel or party choice. have declared themselves as candi dates for the presidency. It is of ut most importance for each and every American to do his duty in voting for the man whom he, not the party. thinks best fitted for the place. T do this properly he must think and use judgment: he must reduce both personnel and party interest to a secondary place, and he must make this change new and complete. Why not prepare the soil for a good croi'.' But in order to produce such an ef fect we must first give our citizens bona fide cause. We must place before them our country as it is, hs it should be and as it must be. Let not the common but tho horse sense of the people have a taste of it: have them digest just a part of it. and then ead them to the polls to choose tl:-- man who, being shorn of petty Inter ests, will direct the capitalists :is well as tho wage-earners, the selh-i- as well as the buyer, the producer well as the consumer. Let our people choose a man wl" knows his American history, who.--eye penetrates the mysterious fore-: of diplomacy, whose judgment is w 1! bred and whose Americanism is ru. white and blue forever. This Is the man we must get in oi- fice. It is true that the threatenii roar of the cannons has ceased, but alive and very active are agents an fatal and destructive as any median leal device every known. The prof iteers are hoarding heaps which, li li ¬ the corals of the ocean, check th- slow but steady plying ship of the industries; the reds are sowing seed which In astonishingly short time will choke the tender growth of pa triotism. and the rate of speed of our present actions in any and all lines is of such tremendous momentum that. unless a pkilled and most cautious hand guides the wheel at that in evitable hour of reaction a most dis astrous fate may easily become tho common lot- JULIUS SERVAT1US. Sry!r-a In Capitalization. PORTLAND, Jan. 20. (To the Edi tor.) In The Oregonian I have read that President Wilson was the first one to use "okeh."' Having in mind his well-known propensity for self rsversals. It seems reasonable to sup pose that tomorrow he will be using "O. K." and later on "okay." Now as to capitalizing words. When I was in school we were taught to capitalize such words as "river" and "street" when used In specific cases, such as "Mississippi River" and "Fourth Street" and "Montgomery Drtve." Have noticed that the old custom taught In schools some years ago Is not now followed In newspaper work. Please explain the change In custom. READER. There are many common nouns which In specific instances may or may not be capitalized, according to he preference of the writer. As re gards those words, newspaper styles vary. Every newspaper promulgates its own rules concerning them In or der to have uniformity In Its columns. HEART ACTCMX. The heart which mourns its absent mate Can never be the same again; Though wild the masking lips mis sing As mated bulbul In the glen. Tet echoing through the strain wi'l be A pensive somethinsr sad and lone, A note that will unwanted say That something darly loved i gone. 'Twill be like night-wind in the pines; The mourning dove's depressing note; The hunger wail of packs that trail. Or song of twilight bird remote. A sound like softly breaking waves Along a wan and lonely shore; A sigh for that which thrilled us once. But shall delight the breast no more. What caravans of sadness cross The spirit's desert waste and wid". By paths deep-cut o'er poollcss plains And cindered steeps on every enac. Nor shade nor bloom save here or there A palm or myrtle spreads Its leaves. Each but an accent of tho waste O'er which like some gray ghost it grieves. And yet perchance the song will ba The sweeter for its note of loss. Else how should one divine the sweat Of blood which washed Emmanuel's cross? The warrior takes tho most of pears Who once uplifted eword and shield: And he a balm to others Is Who onco was wounded and was healed. GUT FITCH THELPS. Shorkn for Professors. New York Review. The action of the trustees of Co lumbia university In declaring what is apparently a 60 per cent increase in salaries beginning July 1. 1920. is remarkable In several particulars. Whatever may be the disadvantages of committing the educational des tinies of a great university to a group largely composed of business men. Hysterics Over Straight Ticket Law. PORTLAND. Jan- 20. (To the Edi tor.) When Walter Pierce of Union county Indulges in some of his char acteristic vocal explosions and the Portland Journal throws its custo mary fit over- anything done by a republican it Is a safe bet that the democratic machine is getting some kind of a jolt, but It Is difficult to understand why any fair-minded man should take -exceptions to the law just passed that enables a man who chooses to do so to vote a straight party ticket by making a single cross in the printed circle. If he does not choose to do so he can mark his cross opposite every Individual name Just as he did under the old law. Of what right is he deprived? Why should he go through the whole ticket and mark every name if he desires to vote the straight ticket, and what Is to pre- Ticne but business men would have had the courage or the vision to take i vent him voting a mixed ticket if he so lone a steo forward. No xrrouo of ' so desires? Can we not have some professors, however underpaid and real explanation of all this display of the reverse of humble, would havo I hysterics over the new law? The Listener la the Boston Transcript thought of asking- for so much. INQUIRER. Vest Fined for Christmjfsw Detroit News. It was in 1621 that Governor Brad ford was called upon to administer a rebuke to some of tho young men of tho New England colony who had just come over on the little ship For tune, and who wanted to celebrate the holiday. Puritanism brought over with It in the Mayflower the anti Christmas feeling, and when tho group of lusty youngsters attempted to observe the day they were sharply criticised by tho colony. The men were called out to work that day as on other days, but the newcomers declared It aeainst tlveir consciences to work Christmas day. The governor left them and led away the rest of tho workers. Hut when he returned at noon, the young men were In the street at play soma pitching the bar and some playing stool ball. He took away their im plements and told them it was against his conscience that they should play while others worked, and that they could observe the day within doors, but there should be no "reveling" in the streets. On the day in question a tree was chopped down and dragged Into one of the rough cabins, where it was trimmed with cranberries and pop corn, while the young people feasted their eyes on its beauties. These "revelries" were frowned upon by the majority of the colonists, and in 16;iS the general court of Massachusetts enacted a Inw that made any person observing Christmas day liable to a fine of "5 shi'lings." The law wa repealed in 1681. 9