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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 5, 1919)
10 TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1919. Jltormug CDrimmtt DSTABLISHKD MY HENRY L. FlfTOCK. Published bv The Orefronlan Publishing Co. 133 Sixth street, Portland, Oregon. C. A. MORDEN, E. B. PIPER, .Manager. Editor. The Oregonian is a member of the Asso ciated Pret.s. The Associated Press is ex clusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this paper and ai-so the local news published herein. All rights of republication' of special dispatches herein are also reserved. ' Subscription Kates Invariably in Advance. (By Mall.) raiiy, Sunday Included, one year. ......$8.00' Daily, Sunday included, six months.... 4.1i5 Laily. Sunday included, three months.. z.25 liaiiy, Sunday included, one month .75 laiiy, without Sunday, one year Daily, without Sunday, six months... Daily, without Sunday, one month.... Weekly, one year. Sunday, one year. Sunday and weekly (By Carrier.) Paily, Sunday Included, one year Daily, Sunday included, three months Daily, Sunday included, one month... Daily, without Sunday, one year Dailv, without Sunday, three months. Daily, without Sunday, one month... BOO 3.25 J- J 1.50 a. iu . J9.00 . .1.27, .75 . 7.80 . l.5 . . .63 How to Remit Send postofflce money order, expres-s or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at owner's rink. (live pofitoffice address in full, including county and state. Postage Kates 12 to 16 pages. 1 cent: IK to J pajt-s. 2 cents; 34 to 4S pages, ;l rents: .i0 to (1 ra;e. 4 cents; (- to 76 fass, r cents: 7h to S2 puses, 6 cents, oreign postage, double rates, feawtern Kusinetts Office Verree & Conk, lin. Brunswiik building. .New York; Verree K- Conklln. Stegcr building. Chicago;. Ver lee & Conklin. Free Press building. De troit. Mich. San Francisco representative. K. .1. Bldweil. FOLLOW WASHINGTON'S LEAD? The state of Washington a few years ago by legislative enactment abolished the death penalty. Bui there followed a series of murders ot peculiar atrocity and the legisluturt of 1919. by a large vote, decided to go back to capital punishment. ,-It was agreed that the sentimentalists had had a fair trial to prove their "case and that they had failed.. It was not contended that the gallows or the death chair is enough of a warning to prevent one man from killing another, but it was agreed that it was a greater deterrent than the prospect of life imprisonment. The deplorable truth must be con fessed that crimes of the blood are committed with comparative immun ity in America and that only a small percentage of homicides yield anj lasting penalty for the perpetrators The annoyance and expense of a trial are usually the only results. The case of the murtferer Johnson, who killed his benefactress, with awful deliberation, and who gleefully boasted of his crime and said that he would not have done it if he had feared hanging, has revived discus sion of capital punishment in Ore gon. The Walla Walla Bulletin wants to know why The Oregonian -'does not come out strongly in a crusade to follow Washington's lead, and restore the only sensible pun ishment for cold-blooded murder the death penalty?" The Oregonian thinks that capi tal punishment for murder should be re-enacted in Oregon. It may not agree with the Bulletin that execu tion is the only sensible punishment, for it thinks the option of death or life imprisonment should be left with a jury for determination. It thinks that the beast Johnson had clearly forfeited his right to live, and should be hanged; yet it would hesitate to send to, the gallows some other mur derers, such, for example, as a boy of fifteen who might intercept a girl along a path in the woods, and shoot her to death. Is such a boy capable of understanding the enormity of hia crime? Is he sunk, as some criminals are, to the lowest depths of degraded villainy? May he not, through appro priate discipline and punishment, in the end be restored to usefulness a a citizen? A. jury may ask and declda such questions, and do justice. The constitution of Oregon, through an enactment in 1914, de cided that the "death penalty shall r.ot be infiicted on any person under the laws of Oregon." ' Under no cir cumstances, then, may a Johnson who slew a good woman solely to get her out of his way, or the monstef who butchered the Hill family, a few :. ears ago, be subjected to the only disposition that fits the case death; but he :s taken to prison, if captured, tried and sentenced, and fed and clothed and cared for the rest of his life. The people of Oregon in 1912, by a vote of 41,951 to 64,578, refused to abolish the death penalty. In 1914, by a vote of 100,552 to 100,395, it was done. The women voted in 3 914; they did not vote in Oregon in 1912. Does our Walla Walla contem perary think there is any significance in that fact? A PROPOSAL TO "WEXSII." If the senators who are hostile to the league covenant were trying to reduce the idea of reservations to an absurdity, they could not go about t in a better way than by proposing ...some of the last batch that has been introduced by Senator Lodge. One of these providts that all American members of commissions created by the treaty must be provided by law and that all appointments must be approved by the senate. Another is that no fibligation for expenses of the league or of the treaty shall be as sumed until an appropriation nas been made by congress. The other powers may well com ment on these reservations that they are not concerned in the way in which the United States chooses its representatives; that it is enough that they have authority to act for the United States. Kuch nation has its own method of appointing such officials, and assumes that the gov ernment of the others will act as their constitutions require and will -' not stultify themselves by sending . men whose actions may be repudi ated because of a flaw in the manner of their appointment. Nor do they expect that the United States will ap-. w-point men to commissions without providing for this country to pay its share of the expenses, involved, or w ill send men who would assume ob ligations which should properly be repudiated by congress. These objections merely lay the anti-league senators open to sus picion that they are not familiar with international usage, but No. 11, re ""serving the right to refuse a boycott of a roveuant-breaking state as re quired by article 16, would lay this country open to the charge that it r,esires to "welsh" on its obligation. ""P.efore 'occasion for a boycott could arise, efforts must. have been made " to settle a dispute by diplomacy, then by arbitration, or mediation, and the offending state must have made war ; without cooling off for three months, "or must have refused to abide by an "arbitration decision or by a mediation --"decision in which the council -was unanimous and in which the majority -vf the assembly concurred, or it must "fcav been guilty of open agression in violation of article 10. Any one of these acts would constitute rank perfidy, which could be punished only by prompt action, and a repre sentative of the United States would participate in all the' proceedings un less this country were itself a party to the dispute. If the action of the United States in such case is to be effective, it must be prompt. If our decision should be delayed while congress debated from January to November, as the senate has debated the covenant and the treaty, that would be equivalent to refusal to concur. There is honest difference of opin ion among the American people as to whether they should assume all of the obligations of the covenant. though the great majority are ready to ao rneir part to Keep tne peace oi the world; But they do not wish to make an agreement with a string to iL. Their disposition is either to make the agreement and live up to it or not make it. They are not welshers, and they do" not relish being placed in- that- light by the ultra-reserva-tionist senators. THE MESSAGE OF MASSACHUSETTS. Massachusetts has spoken, and the verdict is for law, order, duty and America. It has elected Coolidge governor by an enormous majority, on an issue that divided sharply the forces of government by law and the forces of disorder and potential an archy. Jo matter what other states may have done yesterday over their domestic questions, or over prohibi tion, or the league of nations, or what not, the verdict of Massachus etts is vital. The nation can live and prosper with or without a league and with or without prohibition; but it cannot endure if its laws are not to be enforced, if Its public officers are to forget or ignore their duty, and if a single class is to constitute a super government. The democratic candidate for gov ernor in Massachusetts proposed to reinstate the striking policemen of Boston, who by their concerted aban donment of their posts had precipi tated a reign of lawlessness and riot. The democratic platform, with rare hypocrisy, pretended not to condone the walk-out, yet attacked the of ficials who had sternly rebuked the derelict policemen, preserved the peace, and upheld the law and order. A democratic triumph in Massa chusetts would have been a vindica tion of wrong-doing in public offi cials, and a repudiation of right-doing by other public officials. It would have been a message to the nation that Massachusetts had de livered itself to the elements oT un rest, disintegration and revolution, or to their allies and sympathizers, which is the same thing. It would have been an invitation to other cities and other states to take the same course; and there would have been increased danger that they would do it. ' Now the foes of democracy know1 that the republic itself, through its responsible citizenship, is aroused, and purpose to be heard and to con trol. Political leaders and political parties also know that concession to ruinous principles and subversive doctrines of government, and alli ances with agitators, upsetters, repu- diators, oath-breakers and duty-violators do not pay. TIIE TOO OPEN MIND. Professor Maiorama, a scientist of Rome, says that we have been taking too much for granted in assuming that there is a law of gravitation, and also that the sun is about twice as bulky as astronomers and mathe maticians have estimated it to be. A theorist named Chester J. Lamy, who lives in Constableville, N. Y., has suc ceeded in getting a book published in which he sets forth at length that the sun does not exist at all, that 'that which is supposed to be a sun in the Copernician or modern system of astronomy is absolutely nothing else than a mere phantom of light. .The intensely radio-active earth is the source of all the sun's light. . . . The sky is a mirror and the sun is a reflection of the electro magnetic radiations emitted by the earth." And certain excessive mod ernists in Italy are giving ear to the outpourings of the futurist poet. novelist, warrior and sociologist, Sig nor Marinettl, who declares that we must rid ourselves of certain ideas which wehave long regarded as by their very nature impregnable. Among these are the idea of the sanctity of the home, the idea that "the education of children must have affection as its basis," and that "for the development of a nation there is necessarily a long period of peace free from the danger of revolutions or war." So perish our idols on the scaffold of the open mind. The type of reasoning that con founds liberty with license, and freo speech with the right to utter slan der and to obstruct the public streets in rush hours, begs us to have "open minds" on every question, to ignore the history of ages and the steps by which-men have risen to their pres ent estate, and to adopt as our slo gan, "The past is dead; it is only the present that counts." This running to seed of the notion of "intellectual freedom" would be the subject of pleasingly humorous commentary if it did not appear common enough to be tragic; it would be incredible if the same process of open-minded reasoning did not also reveal itself in commoner affairs. We may suppose that the world at large will dismiss as mere nonsense the statement (which is made in Mr. Lamy's book) that the sun is only an optical illusion, and that it will be willing to await fuller particulars be fore rejecting the law of gravitation. But there are many who are still gravely disposed to believe . that we can increase our supply of necessities by decreasing our output of them, that we can earn more by working less." that the way to improve laws is to abolish them, that the remedy for Injustice is chaos and that every ac cepted theory, because it is accepted, if' for no reason, ia the legitimate subject of attack. Yet these "open-minded" ones, pinning their faith to the new on the strength of its newness, have not in fact discovered much that is really new. . Signor Marinetti has a fashion of coupling half-truths with half falsehoods that is in itself as old as time. "The idea of Providence and the divine intervention in terrestrial affairs," he says, "has been de stroyed," and the "old logic and phi losophical systems have been shat tered," from which he concludes that "the glorification of brute force ha triumphed" and that "pure love has gone the way Of the other idols." All former conceptions he regards it as! his mission to overthrow. He makes a grand assault upon all contempor ary civilization, upon me economy oi experience whigi. we call education, upon not only the laws, but the fun damental instincts, of the race. But as a futurist he is a failure. His free love ideals are at least as old as Plato; his notion that power can be cultivated by the individual to the point where police systems will be futile probably antedates recorded time. The point at which open-minded-ness becomes fuzzy-mindedness is as difficult to fix as the dividing line between liberty and license and be tween free speech and vocal obscen ity, yet there still are such distinc tions, which in the final analysis it will be left to common sense to de termine. This, too, is an indefinable quality, but the history of the Anglo Saxon peoples, if not of others, shows it to have tided us over many a crisis in the past, and we have no reason for assuming that it is now utterly dead. It is the one thing that can save us not alone from iconoclasts who ask us to be open-minded on the subject of the heliocentric theory and the laws of levitation and gravita tion, but from those who want to as sail love and the family as unneces sary units in the fulfilment of our destiny, and from those others, not much less fantastic, who open-mind-edly adopt the notion that one has a right to expect to have all the good things of life without working for them. TRY HOW IT WORKS. With the mineral land bill passed by both houses and sent to confer ence, it is probable that the leasing system will be definitely adopted at this session of congress. No al ternative of purchase seems to be contemplated, i as in former bflls, single leaseholds are limited and, in the case of oil land at least, the sec retary of the interior must collect a minimum, but no maximum, roy alty. That may reach the sky. We shall see how Americans will take to this new system. They have not taken to it at all with regard to Alaska coal land. It is contrary to American custom, and is a radical departure. Hitherto it has been the policy of the. government to give a man metalliferous land on condition that he would develop it.'and to give him timber and waterpower into the bargain. He could buy coal and other mineral land outright at a moderate price. Now he must give a share of the product and may not obtain title. He must submit to inspection and regulation. The people of the west have waited long for adoption of some policy un der which development of the public domain could be resumed. Since in auguration of the conservation policy the western people have been in a sense colonies camped around the edges of the great areas which they came to develop, but which they are forbidden to touch. They have held out for the same liberal terms as were given to former settlers, but they have lived on into a new era, when the disposition is for the gov ernment to own, run or rigidly su pervise everything. That is not the system which drew the pioneers to the Pacific coast, but the present generation has grown weary of wait ing and will give it a trial. Perhaps it will attract investors more readily in continental America than it has in Alaska. But when the world settles down in the next few years, inviting fields abroad will be opened to American capital. If Americans should turn from their own west to China and other distant lands, it would be a grirn jest on the conser vationists. CLASSICS FOR BOLSHEVISTS All writers or bolshevik propa ganda should carefully read Shake speare's King Henry VI. This should not be difficult, considering how widely the bard has been translated. One need not know English in order to know one's Shakespeare. In King Henry VI is a character who is perhaps the first bolshevist to appear in classic literature. Though he was, according to the asides of his fol lowers, the son of a bricklayer, and got his name from stealing a cade of herrings, the deftness of Shakespeare puts into his mouth well-rounded and forceful English. A classic touch to bolshevik literature, copied from Shakespeare, would, it will be admit ted by all, lend a charm that it does not now possess and be a comfort to the professional failures and par lor anarchists who have embraced its teachings. Jack Cade's doctrine Is first intro duced by Shakespeare through the medium of a conversation between two of his followers, George Bevis and John Holland: Geo. I tell thee. Jack frade means to rlresa the commonwealth, and turn it, and set a new nap upon 1. John So he had need, for tt thread bare. Well. I say it wu never merry worid In r.ngrand since gentlemen came up. t.eo. O. miserable age! irtue is not regarded in handicraftsmen. John The nobility think scorn to go in learner aprons. Geo. Nay, more, the king's council are no good workmen. John True; and yet It Is said Labor in thy vocation: which is as much to bhv as Let the magistrates be laboring men and therefore we should be magistrates. t!eo. Thou hast it: for there's no better sign of a brave mind than a hard hand Good bolshevik reasoning that, and hoary with age The historicity of Jack Cade, is well established, although his origin is in some doubt. He was the leader of an insurrection beginning in Kent in June, 1450, and marched at the head of 20,000 to 30,000 armed men on London. The royal forces sent against him refused to fight their countrymen and Cade entered Lon don. After two days of order some pillaging followed. The lord mayor and judges were forced to pass judg ment on Lord Say, one of-the king's most unpopular favorites, whose head Cade's men cut off. Cade's army, w-hich was lodged in the suburbs, was prevented from entering the city on the third day, his forces were dis persed and he was afterwards slain. For dramatic qualities Shake speare seems to have combined the purposes and ambitions of Writ Ty ler, who headed a Kentish insurrec tion in 1381, with those of Cade. His tory does not fully bear out Shake speare's characterization of the later rebel. We find Shakespeare putting the following extravagant promises into the mouth of Cade: Bo brave, then: for your captain is brave, and vows reformation. There shall be in Kngland seven halfpenny loaves sold for a penny; the three-liooped pot shal. have ten hoops; and I will make It a felony to drink small beer: ail the realm shall be in common; and in Cheapside shall my palfrey go to grass; and when I am king as king I shall be . . . all Bhall eat and drink on my score: and I wilt apparel them all in one livery, that they may agree like brothers, and worship me, their lord. - Again he announces his determi nation to kill all the lawyers and commands his followers: - Away, burn all the records of the realm: my ninuth shall be the parliament of Kngland. . . And henceforward all things Bhall be in common. I in greater particular ne proclaims I In greater particular he proclaims th. folding ia capita of U passes - sions, and the nationalization of wo men. The sincere, bolshevist who has fol lowed the Russian Soviet's similar ef forts and proclamations and its at tempts to stamp out intelligence will find Cade's catechism of the clerk of Chatham delicious. The clerk is accused of "setting boys copies" and of being able to make obligations and write court hand: Cade Dost thou use to write thy name or haat thou a mark to thyselX. like an honeut plain-dealing man? Clerk Sir, I thank God. I hare been o well brought up that I can write my name. All He hath confessed; away with him! He's a villain and a traitor. tade Away with him. I sav! Han him with hia pea and lnkliorn about his neck. Or the sympathetic bolshevist will find something worth copying for future use in Cade's indictment of Lord Say: 1 am the besom that must sweep the court clean of such as thou art. Thou has most traitorously corrupted the vouth of the realm In erecting a grammar school: ana wnereas. oerore. our rorelatners had no other books but the score and the tally, thou haHt caused printing to be used; and. contrary to the king, hia crown, and dignity, thou hast built a paper mill. It will be proved to thv face that thou hast men about thee that usually talk of noun and a verb, and such abominable words as no Christian ear can endure to hear. While Cade did, in fact, empty the jails to gain adherents, as the Rus sian bolsheviki are accused of doing. there is no record that he in truth purposed to kill all lawyers or slew men solely because they could read and write. In Shakespeare he is a sort of post-dated communist figure. It was Wat Tyler, it is told by Holins- bed, who demanded from the king a commission to put to death all lawyers, escheaters and others which by any office had anything to do with the law; for his meaning was that, having made all those away that understood the laws, all things should then be ordered according to the will and disposition of the com mon people." It was he who obliged teachers of children in grammar schools to swear never to instruct any in their art. "It was dangerous among them to be known for one that was learned, and more danger ous if any man were found with a penner and inkhorne at his side; for such seldome or never escaped from them with life." John Ball, the excommunicated priest, and lieutenant of Tyler, also exhorted the people to "destroie first the great lords of the realme, and after the judges and lawiers, quest- moongers, and all other whom they undertook to be against the com mons; for so might they procure peace and suertie to themselves in time to come, if dispatching out of the waie the great men, there should be an equalitie in libertle, no differ once in degrees of nobilitie, but a like dignitie and equall authoritie in all things brought in among them." To obtain the land for the tenants it was also proposed in the urprising of 1381 that all records, evidences, court rolls and other monuments be destroyed that the landlords might not have whereby to challenge the right of the tenants to the lands. But what difference for the pur pose whether it was in 1381 or 1450 that bolshevism reured its head In England? It will still be helpful to our own bolshevists to learn that it is not nec essary to go to darkest Russia for the best of proletarian thought. Here it is related as of medieval Kngland with its precise phantasmata of dic tatorship by one of the lowest order. and drab equalization by destruc tion of Intelligence, seizure of prop erty and eradication of morality. Whv bother to borrow from Russia? It is to the credit of Oxford that its attractions to students were in creased by the experience of Amerl can soldiers there, but Britain might profit by sending a few hundred young men to western universities. For example, there is a great revival of interest In forestry evince the war cut down the woods. Where could that science be studied to better ad vantage than at Eugene or Corvallis and in the Oregon forests? It is all very well for the coal op erators to ask for a margin, but the only margin for the consumer is that between the size of his pile and the price of coal, or that between zero and endurable temperature. Lewis of the Mine Workers refuses to accept the plan to leave settlement to a commission of five to be ap pointed by the president. Apparently labor has lost the treat faith in Wll son that it has held. If the miners' strike fund ot $1, 500, 000 is tied up by Injunction, things may happen quickly, although that is not much of a. fund for 440,- 000 men. About $3 apiece spreads thin. Mr. Gompers declares all this un rest is due to the "dry" state of af fairs. But consider the "unrest" there would be with all saloons run ning during a strike, Sam. That was absurd violation of ethics that led a Seattle policeman to mur der a brother officer whom he sus pected of triangulating his domestic harmony. The league fight in the senate has settled down to sparring for points, with Senator Hitchcock nervously afraid of being caught with his guard down. Students of geography will note that Chile has given Bolivia an out let to the Pacific, probably in the form of a chute. Lloyd George could stop these strikes if they were in Britain Haven't we a "little Welshman" ol our own? - Why not leave settlement of all labor troubles to that peerless neu tral and arbitrator, William Jennings Bryan? "Rain and increasing south wind. is the November prescription that drives sickness from this part of Ore gon. The coal miners are studying how to climb down gracefully, and get their hands on their strike pay. When Chamberlain and Baker get into verbal combat it is not the Ore gon senator who does the jumps. If you have no fuel, think of the Parisians, -who have neither coal nor overcoats, and be thankful. Who says this is the week to use better English? What's the matter with better American? Seven weeks to Cly istnias and how J is tne fund erowins-2 BV-PRODICTS OF THE PRESS Robert G. Ina: era-oil Once Country Editor and "Awfully- Indolent." Robert G. Ingersoll, the famous Iconoclast, was editor and manager of the Marlon (111.) Intelligencer, estab lished by W. H. Willeford in 1855. Boyd Willeford. son of the founder, ells the St. Louis Republic "Bob" was awfully lazy and indolent and that it was an effort for him to do any work and that he only worked when he could not avoid it. Willeford remem bers when Ingersoll was running loose about the country, and no thought ever entered his head that 'Bob" would become famous. Deer, wild turkey and all kinds' of small game abounded throughout this section when the first printing office was established. Hides and furs were accepted as legal tender. For the printing of his horse bill, Joab Good- 11 traded them several coonskins. Money was scarce and hours of labor long, but $1 then would go as far as $4 will today. Most of the clothing was what is known as homespun, and spinning wheela were common. Stoves were unknown and cooking was done by the open fire. Most of the meats were the product of the chase. Farm and garden truck were plentiful and all had more than enough to eat and were warmly clad in primitive cloth ins of home manufacture. The story of a lost town In Missis sippi county is found in the columns of an old Charleston, Mo., paper, dated July 4. 1S59. The story is of Bird's Point, now a ferry landing 12 miles east of Charleston, but described In the story as one of the most import ant places between St, Louis and Memphis. Bird's Point became the eastern Mississippi terminus of the Iron Mountain and Cotton Belt railroads. with railroad shops and all the build ings necessary for the care of loco motives and miles of railroad tracks. But the ceaseless pounding of the Father of Waters against the sup posedly impregnable banks began, in time, to have its effect. The bank be gan to crumble, first above the little city, where the Mississippi makes a mighty bend, throwing the force of the current against the Missouri shore. The confining of the river by means of levees also did away with the thought that Bird's Point would overflow, and in the mighty waters of 1912 and 1913 the banks, weakened by years of crumbling, gave way, and the little city of Bird's Point was swallowed by the rushing waters of the mighty Mississippi, leaving only a few remnants as a reminder of the thriving river town. -- Persistent rumors in circulation throughout the country that Eugene V. Debs, socialist leader who is an in mate of the Atlanta federal prison, was at the point of death were denied by Mr. Debs personally to an Atlanta Constitution reporter. Under the circumstances," Mr. Debs stated, "I could not feel in better health. A partial sunstroke 20 years ago makes me suffer some during warm weather, but my condition this year is not worse than I ordinarily ex perienced on the outside. I will con sider It a great favor if you will in form my friend3 who perhaps have been upset by these rumors that I am receiving the best of treatment, both as a prisoner and as a patient." m m m Forestry is now "of age," for in 1S98, 21 years ago, the subject was taught for the first time in this coun try at the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell, where Prof. B. 13. Fernow was in charge, with Pro fessor Roth and Professer Gifford. The first graduate was Prof. R. C. Bryant and the second was Raphael Zon, both of whom are now high in their professions. Much has happened in those 21 years," says Charles Lathrop Pack, president of the American Forestry Association of Washington, in review ing the work of that time. "Twenty- one years ago forestry was in the crank stage. Now people realize that our greatest natural resource Is our forests and that we must have a na tional forest policy to pereptuate them. The American Forestry association is now conducting a campaign to that end." Doctor Fernow retired this year as dean of the faculty of forestry. University of Toronto, where he has served since 1907. Doctor Fernow in tends to return to the United States and. If his health permits, to continue his labors In authorship, which have already won him much distinction. One of the Interesting sights of New York is the Sunday crowds that flock to the Flushing bay shore dur ing the summer. A thick woods runs down to the water and it is crowded with people who do not speak a word of English. It is the day of rest for the men. women and children who toil all week on the little Long Island truck farms. They go on Saturday night and sleep in their wagons so they can be up at sun-up for a plunge in the ocean. Everybody is bubbling over with happiness. They bring their own simple meals. The only com plaint they have is the lack of a bot tle of beer. They used to bring beer with them, but it is too expensive now. In the hill country of Georgia, Ten nessee and North and South Carolina the fiddle is an important musical in strument, and fiddlers axe necessary and admired personages in the social doings of many a community. So many of them are there that every year a fiddlers' convention Is held at At lanta, Ga. A current photograph of a group of fiddlers who won honors at such a convention shows them busy with their beloved instruments, and wins also a smile from many who look at It, for the fiddling shines out from their faces, and one sees in .each of them a variation of the kind of man who is likely to be spoken of as a "character." Old and quaint, to musi cally sophisticated ears, the tunes they play: "Rocky Road to Alabam," "Sold My Hoes in Tennessee," "Whoa, Mule, I Can't Git the Bridle On," "Hop Light, Ladles, and other melodies of an older time in the southern United States. Christian Science Monitor. While Mrs. Ella Wheeler Wilcox was best known to the older genera tion as "the poetess of passion" from the character of her earlier writings, she may be awarded a niche in the hall of fame for such lines as these: All'they wbo journey, soon or late. Must stand within the garden gate. Must kneel alone In darkness there And battle with some fierce despair. (Sod pity those who cannot say "Not mine, but thins," who only pray "tet this cup pass." and cannot aoe The purpose la Oethcsmane. Those Who Come and Go. "When the big cattle companies stop holding up irrigation projects; when our timber goes into lumber and when a railroad is built from Bend to Burns, Harney county will come Into its own," asserts R. L. Has s, commissioner of Harney county. "Our merchants buy from Portland only such things as they cannot ob tain in Boise. The rate is against Portland and business men buy whera they can with the most advantage, irrespective of the state they live in. When a railroad connects Bend and Burns, the long mountainous haul which now mitigates against Portland will be removed, for Portland can ship up the Deschutes canyon to I Bend and then eastward to Burns and it will be cheaper and quicker; and when this happens Portland will capture the rapidly increasing busi ness which Boise now controls. Then, too. when the Central Oregon highway is built, it will be an all-year' road and automobile traffic can enter the state from the east, go through Burns to Bend and thence head for Cali fornia on The Dalles-California hlgh way. or go to Portland. The Central Oregon highway will be a more im portant road than the old Oregon Trail, the extension of the Columbia highway." A. F. Whyte. editor of New Europe, member of the British parliament from 1910 to 1918. arrived in Portland yesterday and is a guest of Mrs. Helen Ladd Corbett. Mr. Whyte was invited to Portland by Andrew A. Hall of this city, who was a college mate at Edinburgh university. This evening Mr. Whyte will speak before the members of the University club on "The Itbor Crisis in Great Bri tain." During the war Mr. Whyte served as a dispatch bearer for the admiralty and was in tho Intelligence department of the British navy. Fever, contracted during the war, has caused him to withdraw from politics for the time being, and he has come to America to study the people. Mr. Whyte declares that in England public opinion would have ended the coal strike,- such as Amer ica is facing. The country is small, compared with the United States, and public opinion Is easily sounded and reflected in movements of this char acter. Attention, cigar smokers! Here is the reason cigars are going up, ac cording to M. A. Bruinmer of Tampa, Fla., who Is at the Multnomah: Leaf tobacco is higher due to a 300 per cent advance in fertilizer, cheese cloth and other materials; farm labor has advanced 100 per cent; pickers who received $3 a day now get $8.45. Transportation charges have , gone up. Revenue tax has jumped from $3 to $9 and from $12 to $15 per thou sand. Cigar boxes have raised from 6 cents to 14 cents, due to shortage of cedar wood, transportation and labor advance in. box factories. La bels are up on account of paper, inks and labor; cigar bands ditto. Brass tacks have jumped 300 per cent and gum from 32 cents a pound to $4.75. Stripping costs 400 per cent more; se lecting wrappers 200 per cent more. Packers made from $28 to $32 but now receive $63 to $75 a week. Cigar makers average $20 and now can make $60 to $70, but they are lazy, won't work and can live on $10 a week and shoot craps for the balance. Cost of producing a cigar is exactly double, but cigars have not advanced in proportion to other articles. "Wild horses have practically dis appeared from Oregon," states Jap McKinnon, who has been a cattleman in Harney county fon 35 years. "When I first came Into that country there were plenty of wild horses, but now you rarely see one. Severe winters killed off most of them. I guess. There are still some in the Owyhee district. I understand." Mr. McKin non, who has the honor of being a commissioner of Harney county, wears one of those hats which are typical of the stockman, and he has the same cast of features that Fred erick Remington used to draw in rep resenting cattlemen. Commissioner McKinnon wants good roads in his county, and wants the state highway commission ' to help the game. As an evidence of good faith, Harney coun ty Is talking of staging a bond elec tion for $300,000 to raise funds for the development of Its road system. "Walla Walla county is planning to hard-surface the 10 . miles between the town of Walla Walla and the Oregon state line. says Judge Charles H. Marsh of Pendleton. "This will connect with the Oregon and Washington highway, in Oregon, which is being paved the 35 miles be tween the Washington line and Pen dleton. When completed, next sum mer, there will be a stretch of 45 miles of "pavement between Pendle ton and Walla Walla." John W. Close of the Clarke hotel at Glendale was at the Multnomah yesterday. Last Friday morning the roof of his hotel caught fire and fell In 20 minutes after the blaze was discovered by a railroad man. Al though the hotel was filled with peo ple no one was injured. Mr. Close Is a landmark of the Cow creek country. John Hampshire, registered at the Hotel Portland, is the man who is to build 14 miles of the road between Coos Bay and Roseburg. the worst part of the worst main road In Oregon. Mr. Hampshire had the job or putting the Pacific highway through Cow creek canyon, which for a generation has been a terror to vehicular traffic. Employes of the Multnomah hotel have organized a social club and have elected Miss Nadine Frank as presi dent; Henry Altnow, vice-president, and Lafe Briggs, secretary-treasurer. The club has been organized by Wel fare Worker Ray Clark. There will be an -entertainment once a month. John U. Smith, long Identified with Yamhill county affairs. Is In Portland He Is fathering a plan to have a road built to connect Newberg and Yamhill and along which the farmers are will ing to donate. $1000 a mile toward paving. On their way to Bombay, India, Mr. nnd Mrs. E. Nuida passed through Portland yesterday. Mr. Nuida Is to be Japanese consul at Bombay after being with the Japanese embassy at Wasnington. State Senator F. H. Porter of Linn county Is in the city. Senator Porter probably had less to say in the late session of the legislature than any ot the other 29 members of the senate. Mrs. Thomas M. Baldwin, widow of the pioneer banker of Prineville. has arrived at the Imperial. She is accom panied by her daughter, Mrs. R. S. Dixon. J. F. Phy of La Grande is in the city in the interest of the old Oregon trail, which meanders through Union county. Ciesal Halloway, who succeeds Jane Novak as leading woman for the American Lifeograph company, has arrived at the Benson. H. H. Burtt of New Astoria is an arrival at the Perkins. New ABtoria is an addition being placed on the mar ket. Elmer Matthews, an old-time resi dent of Fossil, is among the arrivals at the Perkins. E. R. Lockhart, a minister of Sa lem who recently returned from over, seas, 13 at the Perkins. FRIENDS OF LABOR ARE AGHAST Extravagance of Demands Preclude Parley, Sa Colonel Bowcn. PORTLAND, Nov. 4. (To the Edl- tor.) Regarding conditions through- out the English-speaking world of todav. there are several points which I have not seen touched on in the press, and it is to sonfe of those points to which I invite attention. First The demands of labor are outrageous and beyond all reason. Second The laboring classes have been unable, up to the present, to assimilate the blessings that have been showered upon them. Third The more privileges granted them. the greater their demands. until such demands become so mon strous that even their best Iriena stand aghast at the claims made. Fourth The statements advanced by their leaders are so untrue that no thinking person can believe many of their claims. Fifth Tl-.ey continually cry for more privileges, instead of learning to use those already granted. Tlrf-y remind one of the greedy child and ttie cake they gorge themselves and then cry because they can't eat more. Sixth Labor has been pampered too much during the past few years; the proletariat haa waxed insolent and has become such a bully that lie must be brought down a peg. Seventh The scale of living for the "many" lias advanced too rapidly, for they, with pockets bulging with money, refuse to work, but try to ape the living of those who have been in tho hahlt of SDfndine all their lives. Eighth We have had too much of trvimr to balance one force against another; we have had too much of parleying with the enemy at the gate; we have only postponed the day of reckoning, the consequence being that the situation is getting rapidly out of hand. Take a brace. Take the stand for right. Take the stand for country. Take the stand for Amer icanism. Give every man his rigmiui rlu but nothine more. Ninth The law should be strained to its limits to crush out those trying to ruin our country. To the reds; to the I. W. W.; to the insolent; to the law breaker: to the honest laborer; to each, his due. WILLIAM H. C. BO WEN" Colonel l". S. A., Commandant Hill Military Academy. 0 MAGIC IN rOltTHY CII.TIRE. Ephemeral Super-Hen to Be Avoided tor Scientific Methods. ESTACADA. Or., Nov. 3. (To the Editor.) "The 200-egg flock is indeed enough to hope for. even if it produces eggs running only 24 ounces to the dozen. And such a flock will be cre ated by no magical method; it will be the result of breeding and feeding, and of routine methods painstakingly employed." (Editorial. The Sunday Oregonian. Oct. 26. 1919). The above quotation, from an ar ticle On the super-hen, strikes the keynote of success in the poultry business. No poultry business, or flock of layers was ever built up by magi cal methods and probably never will be. There is no royal road to the pro duction of the super-hen. Many, in deed, are the small details and care ful methods which must inevitably go into he production of a superior fowl one with fine prepotent powers to send those superior qualities down the line of her descendants. All this Is not the work of a day. The ephemeral hen has but few last ing qualities, especially if she lacks a long lirte of good ancestral traits to back up her exceptional perform ance. And so the story of the "super hen" should be read w ith caution. No experiment station or other organiza tion in this country, probably, is bet ter qualified to evolve a super-type of fowl than the Oregon Agricultural college experiment station. And we should rather prefer to let its resu'ts be our guide than the lure of some ephemeral super-hen. In the meantime, however, a per son would do well, while keeping the above ideal in mind, to deal with the small problems and details which "vex the present moment," remember ing that he can never reach his high est Ideals In poultry culture unless he builds his work upon a lasting foundation of right breeding, feeding. housing and the careful and consist ent execution of many details. PHIL MARQUAM. PLEA IS MADE FOR BONDSMEN Mr. Flalejr Believe City Should Re nounce Ita Pound of l lch. PORTLAND. Nov. 4. (To the Edi tor.) I notice the question Ifcis been raised as to whether the city officials are under any obligation to relieve the citizens who signed the contrac tor's bond for the completion of the municipal auditorium. I feel it was a mistake on the part of the citv of ficials to accept a bond of that char acter from private citizens. They should have demanded a bond from some responsible bonding companv. Inasmuch as. the city received full value In the construction and comple tlon of the building as designed by the architect, I think a large part of the taxpayers are willing to pay this actual cost of the auditorium and not permit the innocent bondsmen to be forced Into bankruptcy. Existing conditions made it impos slble for the contractor to make ; just estimate of the price of work and material. Some people claim it was his lack of judgment and experi ence. Technically, of course, he should stand the loss. But since he cannot meet it, the debt falls to the bondsmen. As a taxpayer of this city, I am not in favor of seeing these bondsmen forced into bankruptcy. It is a serious matter to them and their families. We should not ask them to sacrifice all they have for the benefit of the entire citizenship of Portland. It would not be just for us to profit at their expense, which will be the case if they pay the bill for the material and work furnished Hie city in the completion of the audi torium. I hope the city officials may de vise some way of relieving the two bondsmen of at least a good propor tion of the loss, for as the matter stands now the city plays a part too much like that of Shylock. J. P. FINLEY. LifeKivinff Raisin Ia Lauded. McCann's Science of Eating. "Iron deficiency as a disease baffles the medical profession. There are no whoops of Joy, no outbursts of buoy ant energy, no cries of bounding glad ness, no fountains of eternal youth, vigor, life or health in the battles of 'beef, iron and wine,' or the jar of rouge. Tired and listless folk, with energizing iron clamoring for recog nition, fail to see It at their doors. Among the most prolific sources of food-Iron the raisin is conspicuous. California might well be called the 'iron state." though never has she been so honored. Her fruity little nuggets of iron are gathered from bounteous harvests, only to be ignored by white faced creatures who mournfully cry 'Where are the Iron men of yester day?" The raisin, heavy with iron in its most assimilable form, begs man kind to let it do for the weak and weary the things it was created for. Like whole cereals, it contains the mineral salts essential to life. Not only does It produce iron in abund ance, but it yields in large measure lime, magnesium, potassium and phos phorus. If we could increase the con sumption of raisins a hundredfold, much of the anemia due to our de natured foods would disappear." More Truth Than Poetry. By Janmea J. Montaarne. THE BOOMERANG. When grandpa's health got rther bad And every diagnosis The doctors made, disclosed he had Arteriosclerosis. That he might lustily withstand The Ills that sorely tried him. We bought an Interstitial gland And planted it inside him. A week or two beside his bed We watched him. breathing tensely. "Alas." said we. "the old man's dead!" But soon he gained immensely. And then we cried. "He'll recognize The credit that is due us For curing him. and when he dies He'll leave his fortune to us." But in a year his hair turned brown. A snappy vest he sported And dined in restaurants downtown Where gilded youth resorted. He drove his speedster on the hop All traffic laws unheeding. And frequently he'd lick a cop Who stood him up for speeding. We always thought another year Would see him dead and burled. But now he's planning a career. And talks of getting married. And we. who fancied that we'd played A trick extremely clever. Are getting frightfully afraid That he will live forever! Easy ( nnif, Eaay Go. Daylight saving has gone and no body has put away any of It for a rainy day. m Rut. 1 nhnppily. n Can't. If you could only unscramble egg German opera would prosper in spite of disaffection in the audience. Now, If Ever. If thoy don't try the ex-kaiser pretty soon he will have had time to destroy all the evidence against him. ICopyriKht. Ifio. by Hell Syndicate. Ino 1 A Southern Breeze. By t.rare E. Uall. A little breeze blew from the south And touched my cheek todav. A swift caress, as though some word twould bring: A sense of melancholy through the hours has seemed to stav. Like a feather dropped from circling aerial wing. A tender warmth has made a glow Within my heart; yet cheer Has chilled a little since that breeze went by; The call of long-hushed voices I have strangely seemed to hear. Though somehow I do not understand Just why. Oh. little breeze I know at last! You came from where she sleeps O'er mother's grave you lingered as you blew; 8 Out In the silent shadowland her vigil now she keeps. And you met her spirit as you wan dered throuarh! In Other Days. Twenty-five Years A(o. From The Oreaonlan of November 5. 1894. Fire yesterday destroyed the power house of the Willamette steam mills, better known as Weidler's mills, en tailing a los estimated at $50,000. The new Westminster Presbyterian church. East Tenth and Weidler streets, was opened for public wor ship yesterday with fitting services. The mayor and members of the city council yesterday inspected the new city hall in order to determine what furniture will be needed when the structure is formally turned over to the city. Brigadier-General H. B. Compson. commanding the Oregon national guard, and members of his staff yes terday made a formal visit to the warship Monterey, now in the harbor. Fifty Year Asro. Fiom The Orcgonlun of November .", lKRft. New York. A dispatch sent from Zanzibar, August 8. 1868. by Dr. Liv ingstone says he is in good health and asserts that he has found the true source of the Nile. Washington. General Ben F. Butler is acting attorney for sailors of Far ragut's fleet in a suit to recover prize money for the capture of New Orleans. It is reported that through freight from New York now reaches Sacra mento, Cal., in 14 to IS days. The river Is rising slowly and the stage of the water between here and Oregon City is tolerably fair. REPl'TED DOCTRINE ACCEPTABLE What Dr. Royd Is Reported to Have Said Finda Kavor With Dr. Hoadlry. UNIVERSITY PARK, Or.. Nov. 4. (To the Editor.) What Dr. Boyd Is reputed by The Oregonian as saying seems good stuff to the writer. Is not the divine in man? By means of his own personality if man cannot intellectually demonstrate the exist ence of God, he can be sure of it. and be thankful. His start Is In his own personality. By the accommo dation of speech, we may say the divine is within us. Human person ality logically leads to the divine in whom we live, move and have our being. Is not God everywhere? If so. he is within us. What mortal is outside of the holy spirit, the spe cial presence of God? True, that special presence may be taken away, but before departure it is within us. On the other hand, is not God a human God? A king he Is, but he is also a father, and if as king he is on a throne, as a father he is on a throne of grace. A human God is not always thundering and throwing lightnings, nor is he continually con cealed in darkness. That the Bible is to be judged as we would decide upon other books is reasonable. Reason, using the canons of interpretation, ascends from lesser criticism to the higher and to the highest. He who has the open eye of intelligence readily discerns that. what Paul said is not the voice of Jesus Christ. The writers of the two Testaments were active ratb than passive, and. or course, maae mistakes. Inspiration, whatever It is, is one thing, while revelation is an other. The theories advanced to reconcile discrepancies in accounts of transactions are more Ingenious than satisfactory. B. J. HOADLEY. Wonderful Maeleay Pnrk. PORTLAND. Or.. Nov. 4. (To the Editor.) I am a stranger in Portland, but would like to say a word about your wonderful Macleay park. Hap pening to hear of it and having noth ing better to do, went there. The entrance was so unattractive I was tempted to turn back, but fortunately went on, and a happy surprise awaited me. I doubt if there is any thing like it in the United States. Why isn't it advertised? Next to the Columbia highway, there is nothing like it. Why are not the entrances improved and the place made one of Portland's beauty spots? Ivts . of people are missing a great treat. Tell them the nsxt time they go on a hike to So through MaU.-av park. A. il. LiTEl".