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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 28, 1918)
0 THE MOKXIXG OKEGOXIAX, MONDAY, JANUARY 2S, 191S. l.OO A.JO &fje (Dwjrimtnn rORTI.AM). uUKUOX. Istartt at Portland iOan Fostofttce M Mvfl4'1.MI B14ll tuattrr. Subscription rates lavariabTy ta advance: H Hail. I rai:r. Sunday Inctu'lrfi. year ...... .1 l'al.jr, uncy In.lutleti. fix months ..... 4.-A Il.y. un.lay lni-:uUel. tnrea ult'DIha ... ij3 la; y. unliv 1. .u.lru. .-n- i.. 'tito. ...... Ia.iy. virhout Min1ay. on yr Ihai'v. without SumlAV. BIX month I'; v. m;!iuut (ijnj. IhfM mnnlbi ... 1. 1 '..y. a It bout uuujr. aaa munlu . W na year bu.irjay. on r ................. auaday aad Iy Pal'T. Fund-V Included. DO Jar ...... .I 01 Ifany. iun4ay Incuticl. out tuuata 'A W.iy. witnuul hutiiliy, or. Ar J- Imi y. aitnuut untAr. tnr months Imiit. aitb'Mt! t.aJJ. vkt lunutb ...... Maw la Keaall suJ pwtor:ira money or 4r. rtpnu viiitr or personal cbftx oa your lotal baik atiirta. tola or euifbry ara at aanr- risk. ona poaiofrtca ndraaa la Iu.l, lariudir. ccuoty and siata. rM Kjlra 1 1 to 1 ra. 1 nt: IS t 3- t'l't - caata: 3-4 to 4 paca. 3 canta: an to M duh. 4 canta: - la : pI'. cnt: ; to "2 pafca. cms. foralgo moa:a;. doub: rates. t-aMera Heoiar-. Off Iff Varraa Conk lla ii,-uaawick Imildlra. M Tor: Varraa toe km. bi'Mct ouuuma. Ch'.i-sao; Ve.tta it lor.. In. Lilt:i b... Iliu.t. Vich. ; ran I'.-inriKD rapreaaalaUva. . J- BlJa.i. 1 Market atraax. will profit, and the country will profit, by the special emphasis placed upon the prime necessity of good labor maa afetuent at this time. Mt.MBtK or THE a.wUTtD PREM. Tne a.-lai4 Praa a ne;oie:y aatltled to tha aaa for repub icalLm of a;l dla patcb'S ere.llied to It or not otharwlsa cred it 1 in this pipit, and a. tts local ml published bereto. All ribt of republication of spactal dla palrba brln ara a.ao rfenra4. rETLAD. HON DAT. JAMAKY s Itls. rATIUOTISM IX A CBII. Is it better to send our soldier boys to Franc with blind confidence In THE MAX. NOT TUB STSTZJf. Contrary to general belief the fuel crisis is not due to decreased produc tion of coal, says the Financial Chron icle, for there waa an actual Increase of 60.000.000 tons In 1917 over 1816. nor docs It believe that the speeding up of manufactures will explain the scarcity.- It places the blame on in discriminate Issue of priority orders by the Government to railroads, caus ing- congestion and tie-up of cars which prevented delivery of coal, and to the failure of Fuel Administrator Garfield "to provide for proper and sufficient distribution of coal at New York and other terminals In advance of the arrival of the extremely cold weather." It draws the inference that "Government management and control have completely broken down." Is It not rather the truth that the tlon of vegetables last year and the ( ment makes our Government seem large quantity canned for Winter use. it Is the belief of experts that the de mand in 1918 will be greater than ever. And with the experience gained in 19,17 home gardeners should not find It difficult to increase produc tion accordingly. EX-SENATOR FCLTOX. Charles William Fulton was a boy, eight years old, in Iowa, when the war to preserve the Union began, and he was twelve years old when it ended. This simple statement of a single fact In the life story of one who has for a generation been prominent in Ore' gou will furnish a key to his character and conduct during all his years. Ipwa was Intensely loyal to the Union. It made a proud record. It taught patriotism to the young and it gav freely of Its men to the cause. If, these days of world war, we fancy that public feeling Is somewhat lan guid. it is doubtless because there a more or less conscious contrast with S in what men nnrl women now livin wrong man has been put on the Job? know waa tne thought and spirit of .-so person says tnai uovernment iooq -.... fiftv vears atrB. No Cne control has broken down. The rea- coujj escape the contagion of duty, on ta mat wi wu in iurj xiau n,!-. nrt .-i-vlce. Nor could on proved that he knows Bis Dusiness. ii b n,lltr-i ,h. i.sstlH. He waa tar is too early to say that Government ,hA i-ninn . n..nt th Union, an operation o rmuroaua hub urva.cu then was never a mistake about it domn, ror air. aicaqoo nas Deen on Naturally, there were strong par in JOD oniy mouiu. uuruig wie i iii anH hitter nnrtisnnshln and in wnole or wnicn tramo naa Deen oiocxea evltably men and women of one mind oj ta unprfx-eucuieu awriea i uni- -nd -,. unltad to Dromote thei xards. Experience has proved that comnun aims, and there were last success depends on in nnesi juag- iing atuchnaent both to individuals ment in picmng in iwrai man ana on prtncipie,, policies and parties, following thai judgment, uninnuencea If rharll" Fulton had been old by personal or political considerations. enoUeh he would, of course, have fol In normal times personal and pollti cal considerations are rarely excluded, their leaders, whether competent, half land weakness at the head goes down competent, or incompetent, and let I through the ranks. them suffer the consequences? ur is li oener 10 inaisi. -ucui ITT-S HATE 8ISCKBITT. AW. 1-. l m A V. a Afmw a t-a Hj ln I ,h K. , atteated m.riL I Wke. one aa a cruel thing to and tha tie boys being sent to encourage persons of moderate means France, for service in the deadly who live In MonUvllla and similar lowed tha flag to the front, as his father did. and as he saw many others do. Some of them did not come back but others did. and they brought home stories of valor, of suffering and of death.. Who that saw, even as a little boy. the moving panorama of the great war could ever forget it? It is easy to suppose that if Fulton had worn the blue, he would have trenches, and the fathers and mothers I outlying districts to believe that they I quickly come to be an officer, prob- can get relief from the C-cent fare by I ably a Colonel, and perhaps a Gen- supporting restoration of Jitney traffic I eral. He was of the type of men who, ilonuvilla never had jitney service I following their natural bent of leader and cannot reasonably expect to get ship, achieved distinction through va il. That Jitney competition will cause I Uant service in battle. These same a return to the -cent flat rate on tne I men. returning home with their lau rels. were honored by their grateful la states with hlch position became who consent to their going to battle nth a powerful, unscrupulous and thoroughly equipped army, be reas sured. so far as may be. that their Generals know how to fight and direct armies to D;ht? Is it better to scrutlnixe, th quality I streetcars Is mor than doubtful. and measure of our preparation fori jf the street railway company war now. when mistakes may De re I forced again to compete with unrcgu- I Governors. Senators. Representatives trieved. inemciency corrected, wean- i uted Jitneys, it will without a doubt I in Congress and the like. lings retired? seek another form of relief from the! Charles Fulton grew to manhood in Or 1 It Hotter tA ren li 1 ra llsnca and I i 1 1 rimn.iEiAn TK.t I . i j .i y . , , 1 v. , . 1 1 tt " - - - . i . uutii. w. a w u. . liio uavut iuiiw n nif, l i . c fell Mai. unquestioning iruai now ana learn i n,f, judging from what the uommis- He came to Oregon and he soon later, in the test of dire conflict. sion aatd In Its findings and order In I found his dace. He was a Reoub whether the men who are mostly new I , he (.cent case, will be application of lican from tradition, from observation in tn nign an oi maaing reaay ior i the one s-tem. I and from conviction. In the develop. war are thorough, energetic, wis and I The zone system will not give Mon-1 ment of his active career he was first skilled? Itavilla and other outlying districts a la local leader, and soon a state, and Is it belter to know to insist upon g-cent far. It La more likely to give even a National leader of his party, knowing that the thousands or sol- them a far In excess of S cent. The He waa elected to the State Senate diers who are to fight for their lives I close-in residents will then reap all within three yeara after he first and for their country, are well I the Joys of both Jitney transportation reached Oregon. He served four equipped, well fed. well ofTrcerad and I and cheap streetcar service. The poor I terms as State Senator longer, we well trained before th actual call to folks who live far out will say the believe, than any other, with a single bill. I exception and he was elected in due It is opportune once mor to call course to the united States Senate. attention to Section 61 f the Public He waa defeated at a time when party Utilities Act. Under that section the ties had begun to fall away from many S-cent fare may be Imposed by ordi- men. and for that reason. He ren- nanc voted by th people, and the dered notable service both in the state Public Service Commission cannot and National Legislatures. That the change It. The only power that can I people saw fit to retire a Senator of change It Is a court of justice, and It I his valuable experience and acknowl a country whose liberties were won I ran do so only If It be shown that the edged fitness was both a mistake and by men who spoke openly ana acted s-rent fare Is confiscatory. la misfortune. resolutely, and whose Institutions are if th men are sincere who are pro- If emphasis has been placed herein literally founded on the right of free I claiming that t cents is ample fare on on Mr. Fulton's party association 'and speech, fre opinion and free action. I the streetcar, why do they not propose service, let It not be understood that a method Just to all for getting back it is Intended to intimate that he was to S cents? I in any narrow sense a partisan. He The suburbanites are being "worked" waa, it is true, a party leader of a kind for the benefit of a close-in, more I now somewhat gone out of fashion but he waa more, much more than arms sounds? Is It better to know, so far as careful inquiry and a complete I survey may disclose, these things: Or is it better to take for granted that everything Is all right, even upon the assurance of authority at Wash ington and elsewhere, and await the I outcome to prov ltl Is it Vatter to talk In whispers, in lor fear that the Kauer may hear something he already knows? Or Is it better to go forward In the full light of day. raising billions of money, training millions of men. em- I prosperous class. ploying in helpful service otner mil lions of women, building thousands of ships, forging the Instruments of war far in thousands of factories, turning very available agency of peace to the Vzas of preparedness, educating a peace-loving, but not a war-fearing, people to their new occupation all for the enlightenment of an enemy who profeaaea to despia us as well as FLAX THE GABDEX NOW. Th moderate weather now being experienced in the Northwest gives point to the advice of the United States Department of Agriculture to all who contemplate cultivating a home garden during the coming sea son to begin work now. A good many for the stimulation and encouragement of the preliminaries can be disposed of our own citizens? I of. the ground cleared or ruoDisn, Now. of course, a democracy at war ed ordered and the general plan wl gv, that he ls KOne, and they will long remember that a political that. He was a fine lawyer and advo cate. He waa an exemplary husband and father, and he was an honest man. Lie had genial and manly personal qualities that attached his friends and acquaintances strongly to him. Prob ably It is true that Mr. Fulton had a larger personal and political following than any other now living in Oregon. Men believed in him, in his fair in tent, in his high ability, in his effec tiveness, in his personal worth. They Is not less a democracy because it is I outlined at war. It cannot at once, or ever, be There will be scarcity of both seeds converted Into an autocracy where the I nl fertilizers this year, and garden rule of a Kaiser la supreme and where It is deadly iin to commit lese ma Jest e. That is not the way to win the war, for It cannot b done. That is the way to Iom the war: It Is the way that, in th end. even Germany will los It- It is th American way to challenge th right of lis rulers to rule by re quiring proof, or a showing, of their worth. That way will not be aban doned now; It Is treason to the Ideals. traditions and practices of America va to suggest It. era should bear this in mind. It will be well for them to order their sup plies so far as possible In the towns In or near which they live, in order to reliev th already overtaxed mail service and transportation systems. Seasonable attention to the compost heap will reduce the need of more ex- or legal contest with him meant fair play, honorable dealing and a good fight. NOT ORGANIZED FOB WAR. Every change made In the organiza tion of the Nation's fighting depart ments is designed to promote cu-urdi ludicrous Our National Government contacts with the alien la at least sixteen different ways through fourteen different bureaus and divisions in tha Departments of State, Treas ury, Postoffice. Interior, Agricultural, Com merce and Lbor. This in face of the facts that one third of our population is of foreign birth or parentage; that about 14,000, 000 are of German birth or descent; that over 3,000,000 cannot speak Eng lish; that aliens are employed in every industry connected with the war and are everywhere liable to become the tools of widespread enemy and trea sonable conspiracies; that Army offi cers often have difficulty in making drafted men understand orders given in English, and that the well-inten tioned alien knows not where to apply for information as to his rights and duties. The situation is no better with re. sard to the secret service, which should be charged with the uncover lng of enemy activities, with preven. tion of crime and. with protection of person and property, for on that sub ject we are told There ara In Washington at least eight secret service or Intelligence functions, each headed up to a Cabinet officer and all un-co-ordinated save through gentlemen's sgreement and Individual co-operation. Jealousy exists not only between tha indi vidual organizations themselves, but the Cab inet officers cannot agree upon a plan of co-ordination. These are merely a few specimens of a lack of proper organization for the essential work of war which runs all through our Government, we are trying to combat the most perfectly organized military nation on earth with the organization which had proved inefficient, even In times of peace. And when a Senator uncovers the confusion and offers means of putting affairs in order, he is accused of blocking the machinery, distorting the truth and unjustly reflecting on a competent official! Twenty-five cities of the United States, by destructive methods em ployed in the handling of their gar bage, waste an enormous amount of material which could be used advan tageously now. This ls estimated by Government statistician to include 12.400,000 worth of grease, II, 000,800 worth of tankage. 8,000,000 pounds of glycerin and Z00.000.ooo pounds or soap-making material. There ls food enough in the garbage of cities of less than 100,000 population to produce 120,000,000 pounds of pork a 'year. worth $20,000,000 in the wholesale markets. The value of the wasted ma terial In war time is shown in the esti mate that, among other things, it would furnish 8,000,000 pounds of nitroglycerin for use in making high explosives. Effect of the fuel shutdown In the East is shown in graphic style by the Chicago Herald. A calendar for Feb ruary is published with all Idle dates canceled. To the four Sundays are added the four Mondays on which factories are to be idle and two pub lic holidays Lincoln's birthday and Washington's birthday. That leaves only eighteen working days In the twenty-eight, at a time when every body should work full time every day. It is the penalty bf unpreparednesa. That two steamships loaded with ammunition cleared for Copenhagen in December does not speak well for the ' vigilance of New Tork port au thorities. There ls no report, how ever, of reaching destination, and per haps the Germans did not profit. The magic formula 16 to 1 appears gain, but now the aixteen are Ger man airplanes brought down, and the one is a British aircraft. If the Brit ishers keep up that ratio they will eave little work for the American airmen. At least Senator Chamberlain has stirred Secretary Baker into action against cruel Army doctors who let sick soldiers die of neglect. Doubtless they are few. but they should be eeded out without delay. LEXIEXCT WITH WAR OFFENDERS If Host Give Place to Capital Punish ment for Spies and Traitors. PORTLAND, Jan. 26. (To the Ed itor.) A military juggernaut, domi nated utterly by one unholy purpose, finds no insuperable obstacles in sol emn treaties, dictates of National honor or recognized international obligations. To such a power matters so trilling as the destruction of food warehouses and war-service plants, with their civilian workers, and the npisoning of ban dages must seem measures of a mild ness unwonted. Because we who honor democracy abhorred the thought of maintaining an army of espionage, the warnings that one might be in our very midst seemed very fanciful Indeed. But with every issue of the press, detailing some fresh outrage wrought upon the civilian population, the fanciful grows more tragic, the warnings of yesterday we now know as prophecies. The Secret Service is not Idle; each day adds to the long roll of those who for the last time have served the sin ister genius of Wilhelmstrasse. This alertness is laudable, yet what penalty ia meted out to discourage a menace which thus so effectively renders dabby tha sinews of the Nation? We have erected for our captive Teutonic spies and sabotage devotees pleasant, com modious internment camps, replete with conveniences and dedicated to the convenience of those they house. To be sure, some of the more persistent and least wary of the Teutonic photograph ers who feast their souls on the beauty of the sunset, near our coast fortifica tions, are put into prison. But this brutal treatment ls only inflicted on those who are caught red-handed. Otherwise they are viewed as suspi clous and sent to the aforementioned detention camps. , With the slim chances of detection, prison does not loom up as a particularly threatening deterrent. In order that our honored guests may partake of their splendid fare with gusto, light tasks are avail able, for which liberal compensation is made. A regular and all too ample allowance is given officers. Our treat ment of our sabotage prisoners, how ever, more immediately ridiculous, is an abject standing apology for inter ference with their activities. Yet before we Indulge in an indict ment too scathing, let ua pry into the matter ror ihe causes or this apparent ly ridiculous anomaly. The Nation is not yet inured to the war and its nec essary practices, a condition which would view the penalty of capital pun ishment as something like cruelty. For long the allies in their treatment of prisoners and their opposition to re prisal have sought to convince the cen tral powers of their own baseness and the mild treatment accorded our pris oners conforms to this policy. There is a disposition to view these offences as involving no particular moral turpitude, as evidencing the criminality of, say, a trainrobber with even more 'than his share of romantic mystery. One might also find in the policy a forlorn echo of a no less for lorn hope that through our moderation Germany might be spurred to some thing approximating a sense of de cency In her treatment of captives. Im agine the treatment we know ls given our boys who are Hun prisoners and then that accorded Huns who are our own prisoners! All these and many more thoughts which spring to delib eration indicate a certain genial leth argy, a good-natured disbelief In anyone s alleged dishonorable prac tices. All about us we see instances, but we ascribe to them the character of exceptions. This attitude will cease when, as soon will come to pass, the sleek Jowls of peace have become thoroughly the tanned, lean, square- jawed aspect of efficient warfare. Then if good-natured Internment or trivial prison sentences are insufficient. what should be done? Strike vigorously with the mace of capital punishment! Nothing less severe, less terrifying to contemplate can serve. The penalty Inflicted must be made so drastic that every potential menace to our Na tional health shall be forced to recog nize that the law of self-preservation has asserted itself as a factor to be reckoned with In his decision as to whether he shall serve Germany or not. With such a deterrent the Nation would find itself in a remarkably short time with a few more law-abiding citizens and a few less terrorists, traitors and spies. ' D. H. One of the niceties of living in big city ls the distinction of owning the same name of the person held for crime. It never works the other ay, when something great ls done nation, but efforts at that desirable pensiy fertilizers to the minimum. As I end have failed in every instance soon aa Spring catalogues are avail-I where the President has not put one able It will b well to mak a list of man at th head with power to co requirements, and It Is regarded as a I ordinate all those who are below him patriotic duty not to buy mor seeds It ia for this reason, as William Hard If It U patriotism to demand that than probably will be required. This says In an Illuminating article In the will effect a desirable economy, but I New Republic, that the word co th chief reason for It ia the Nation- I ordinate" baa become a stench in the wide scarcity of many varieties. Wei nostrils of the people at Washington, have been dependent upon foreign I Nor does the effort at co-ordination countries for some of our seeds In the I go far enough. Secretary Baker, by past, and the normal domestic supply the appointment of Mr. Stettlnius to has' been reduced In other Instances. I have charge of all purchases for the lowest, do Its best through Its best I Th gardener should buy only sucb as I War Department, seeks to co-ordinate men. both In th preparation for war I h can us and leav tne rest lor hisinis oureaus. out no person nas real America preserve Its freedom, assure its citizens Ihclr liberties, guarantee Its safety and perpetuity, at any cost of life or treasure and It is It Is also patriotism the highest patriotism to Insist, now. that America through Its leaders, from th highest to th C and th making of war. neighbor. I authority to co-ordinate the War De- 'Open weather" also furnishes -de-1 partment with the Navy Department, ImIiI. AnnArtimitv fnr nrnnlnv anrfltha Khinnlnp Hnn n thn Rsiilrnflfl Ili- flELP IOR TUB rABMEB. .nrailnr Thar Kiv. hn a rood I rector or any other deDartment which Secretary Baker 1 Said to have !) m.. Hn an.l rrt f Hova In thalhaa tn tin with the. war. directlv or nar consiaerauou a pian ior releasing i past month which could hav been Indirectly, soldiers for work on th farms, aftr I amnioved advantareouslr In these fcaviuond B. Prlc. In a pamphlet xuey nav receive preliminary train- tasks. Garden tools can be overhauled pubhsned by the Patriotic Education ing in ine canioumenu and nave 1. 1 tlmna whan outdoor wcrk la less Societv. uks If it is hot "our foremost shown a degree of efficiency which , it I agreeable. The department Is wUe. I duty to analyze bravely our own weak ls believed will not be seriously Im- I we think, in advising householders to nesses and make unrelenting effort to icav oi aDscnc. i n plan refram from entering the field of correct them?" lie dcplorts n.e pre- sngKeatevi is mat the men shall re- cornmerclal vegetable production un- ceive furIougis for definite and not lcJS they have had practical experi- to protracted periods, upon showing ence and possess especial facilities, that work has been offered to them. Commercial market gardening is no and that it is necessary to production j0b for a novice, but home gardening law, that muzzles brave men. of the .Nation a tood crop. ia highly attractive work even for the while the fate of the world hangs in it would oe a reuei 10 me larmers beirinner. the balance." of the country to receive assurances Co-operation la desirable and essen- Although this Nation Is or oennue neip, especially in piani- tial lo D,,t results. The present ls a ing ana narvesi ume. out mere are I good Ume for the formaUon of local many considerations involved, and It ,.ardt.n clubs. Beginners should take will be well not to expect too much. um advantage of the experience of For example It would not be advanta- .ccessful local rardeners. from whom geous to release men who are not spe- they can obtain, many hints as to local ciatiy fitted for agricultural labor. The conditions which will not b found tlm has pajwed when any man with readlly in books on the general sub- a strong back and two arms was good ject. The duty of the more expert enough for the farm. The farmers ,nced to help their neighbors help themselves have made a good many I themselves Is not less plain. There costly experiments wun unsaiued neip m, an inspiring freemasonry of the soil I vailing unwillingness to speak frankly on this subject, and avers that "there Is an invisible censorship, more dan gerous than one enacted into written supposed to base its greatness upon the indi viduallsm of its citizens, those citizens best informed maintain silence as they sense disaster creeping upon them." Out of a committee of citizens "pass ing along worthy ideas" might we not expect "the creation of a planning committee or chief to work out im provements of organization and plan?" . For lack of a plan and of power to put it through, there have been delay and confusion all along the line. which in most Instances is not worth I which should be Invoked on every ap-. Everybody in Washington is desper- its salt. Farming is taking its place propriate occasion. It ls not only a among the skilled vocations. Willing- dutyt but a privilege, to pass along the nesa aiene U not a sufficient qualifica- I roaults of experience, which may save tlon. I another from error and Increase his So. while the farmer stands In the chances for success.. We should point position of welcoming all the compe-lout the "don'ta" aa well as the "dos. tent help he can get. he should pro- The department tells of the example ceed to organize his business so far as 8et by a city In Iowa, which has posalble with a view of getting best already begun preparations for the possible results with that which is now i spring campaign, although the season In sight. It has already been pointed I is not nearly so' advanced aa on the out by various depart merits of the f Pacific Coast. A complete survey of Government that machinery should be I vacant lots has been completed, pre- conserved and utilized to the limit, clnct committees have been appointed thaC the seasons should be watched r0 arrange for teams, wagons and with a view of getting the benefit of plows, so that work can be done most every working d ty, and that much in-I economically. Distribution of the com door work should be out of th waylng crop is being planned, so far as by the time Spring opens. Most farm- I possible. In advance. era know this. A few do not. But all I Notwithstanding th larg produe- ately busy, but most of the activity is lost motion. In the ninth month of the war we had barely got down to steady work on shipbuilding, though shipping ls our weakest link and our first necessity. Labor is called "the unsolved problem," with 3500 to 5000 strikes since the war began, with ship yards outbidding each other for men, with Government munition factories taking men away from private muni tion factories at work on Government contracts, with men changing Jobs every few weeks and with eight de partments maintaining lndependeht bodies to deal with the problem, each conflicting with the others, there be ing no general policy and no co-operation. So with aliens. The following state- By what process of reasoning can any person explain the fact that Abe Kustein was admitted to the honor gang at the penitentiary after he had violated his parole? Rather odd that the disqualified will get a medal, while the man fit to go will earn his for bravery. They will be different, however, with a signifl cance. The finest fighters on earth, were fed up on potatoes, and if the tuber v.ji3 not named for them somebody missed at tne cnnstening. . Before a man regulates his connu bial affairs with a gun he must be sure of the existence of an ancestor who was crazy. When Chamberlain stands for effi ciency the people stand by him. If messages of indorsement go for anything. We owe at least one thing to the Bolshevikl. They have enriched the American vocabulary with their name. The little chap who consumes vic tory bread and eats the crust will be a smashing soldier when big enough. Pie ls an American food. If the American soldiers abroad cannot get it on way they will In another. They are beginning to leave Camp Lewis in regiments, destination un known, but easily guessed. The ship-knee industry comes as near making something out of nothing as any plan ever devised. Indian meal can be made Into deserts so good that everybody will want a second helping. EIGHT-HOCR DAY IS INOPPORTUNE Tlmberworbers Who Understand Ques tion Oppose It at This Time. HILLS BORO, Or., Jan. 26. (To the the Editor.) What has the Northwest done those who occupy the seats of the miehty, that the lumber Interests should be given a death blow? From the Nation's headquarters for many days the Northwest has been urged to speed up the lumber industry that ships which the Government needs so much could be built, and in the face of that great need an attempt is being made to discriminate against the north west. This magnificent Northwest can fur nish enough lumber, and more, to build the greatest fleet that was ever launched, if it is given fair treatment, but if the eight-hour day should be come a fact, the millions of feet of lumber now standing in the trees of Oregon and Washington will remain in the trees. Do you ask why? The answer ls simple. The lumber industry of this country will be put out of business. It will kill all of the small lumbering concerns, and so cripple the large ones that they will curtail their output. That is pot all. The thousands of men now employed in the mills and logging camps will find themselves out of em ployment. Many of these workmen have families, and when the wages of the beads of the families is cut off, it will then not only be a meatless and wheatless day. but an eatless day seven days of the week. Speaking from . the standpoint of a laboring man, I wish to say that I would much prefer to work eight hours a day than nine or ten, and I would a darned sight rather work 11 or 12 hours 8. day than see my family go without the necessities of life. I feel that I can say without fear of success ful contradiction, that there is not one workman in 50 In the Northwest, who understands the question, who is not opposed to the eight-hour day. In the Oregoman, January 25, in the first article of the second column on the first pagS, the people of France asks America, "How soon will you be here?" If the lumbering and milling interests of the Northwest are killed. I want to ask, as bleeding France has asked, "How lig will it.be until the United Etates can do her part In this war?" S. PICA WOMEN CALLED OJf TO PROTEST Soldier's Mother Would Back Chamber lain In Fight for Betterments CASTLE ROCK, Wash., Jan. 25. (To the Editor.) Permit me to say a few words as a "silent patriot" and mother of an only son who enlisted In Battery B of Oregon, 147th Field Artillery, 41st Division, as a volunteer, at the age oi 20 years. X cannot help bu believe Mr. Cham berlain is correct in his statements, and we as, mothers who have given our sons to our country, and only ask In return decent care and aid for our sol dier boys, should be "silent patriots" no longer, but should protest from the housetops. I said to my son when he Joined the Army, "Tom, if you make a good sol dier I will try to be satisfied, no dif ference what the outcome." He said, "I will, mother." That is the reason conditions were tolerated at Camp Mills as long as they were, because- our boys are soldiers and would not com plain. One man said, "The boys did not complain." No, Indeed, they are soldiers. It is the business of those at the heads of the departments to see that all is well. Mothers, note what Mr. Chamberlain says in his speech before the Senate. If you have not read it, be sure and read every word of it In The Oregonian of January 25. He shows where camp authorities failed to notify a family of the death of a son and sent the body home wrapped in a sheet The Senator says, "If I were to print all the letters I get along these lines they would shock not only Congress but the Amer ican conscience. Go on further down in the column and note what he says about a father being notified six days after his son was taken to a hospital and the condition he found him in. Our sons might share the same fate. Secretary of War Baker says there had been a few such cases, but they had been remedied. How do we know but he might be mistaken, or misin formed, just as he was when on the witness stand? He said that all sol diers were fully equipped, but Mr. Chamberlain's investigation proved that they were not. My appeal is to the mothers and women of all Army organizations as a patriot and i daughter and granddaugh ter of patriots. Let us make sure that our boys have proper care and aid and do as Mr. Chamberlain suggests write to the President of the United States and demand that they have proper treatment. If such conditions exist in the United States, what will it be like in France? I am a resident of Portland, but tem porarily absent on my ranch. MRS. LEANDER MARTIN. In Other Day. Twenty-five years Ago. From The Oregonian January 2S, 1S9S. Seattle. Mrs. Minnie B. Tesler, Dr. J. Eugene Jordan and Dr. H. Martin Van Buren were arrested at 5 o'clock yesterday morning on a charge of stealing and concealing the will of the late Henry Yesler, mllionaire pioneer and husband of the first-named pris oner. Ella Wheeler Wilcox Is one of the best dancers of her "set." She is a poetess of motion as well as of pas sion. ' George Zeller, proprietor of a gro cery store at First and Columbia streets, was injured In a runaway yes terday. Washington. James G. Blaine died this morning shortly before 11 o'clock. He had been sick a long time and the end was quiet and peaceful. A C. Sheldon, general agent of the Burlingtou route, has returned from a visit to Montana. At the high school last evening' the members of Company H, First Regi ment, O. N. G., known as the High School Company, were the recipients of a handsome souvenir in the shape of a fine silk flag from the eirls of th school. In the absence of J. N. Dolph, Jr., Elijah Corbett spoke, ard the fol lowing programme was given: Read ing, Miss Nellie Ford; vocal solo, Mrs. Mitchell; reading, Frank Branch Riley; violin solo, .Miss Lillian Myers; poem. Miss Freda Reinhart. Professor Young made the presentation speech. Half a Centnry Ago. From The Oregonian January 28, 186S. A late Danish paper says of the treaty between that country and ours that the substance of the sale and the contract concluded ls the sale of all their lands for $11,750,000. France, however, having a right of pre-emption to St. Croix, the sale of that island is dependent on said right not being en forced. The contract, therefore, is pre liminary and only valid as to the Is lands of St. Thomas and St. Johns, for which the purchase money is J7.500, 000. We have received the first number of the Daily Democratic Tocsin, a cam paign paper published at Salem. Jerne gan & Co. are named as publishers. J. N. Dolph, chairman, has announced an adjourned meeting of the Union State Central Committee for Feb ruary 13. The Alert made an attack on the ice in the river yesterday and opened the river from Albany to' Portland. Ex-Governor Gibbs will deliver a lecture on railroads this evenine at Oregon City. Theodore F. Miner, who left Port- Appeal for Classification. BUXTON. Or., Jan. 25. (To the Ed itor.) I am of draft age, am em ployed In a mill cutting lumber for the United States Government: my wagea have gone and are still going to the support of my parents, who are largely dependent on me for rupport.' After ..ulli6 ii, y questionnaire stating land for Albany. N. T., a few months the above facts I am placed in Class 1, ag0 ha3 written a letter telling of Division A. It seems to me In all Jus- his arrival and of his attendance at Lii-o xsuouia nave at least oeen placed the Philadelphia baseball convention. , . x-ioase aavise me where he was a representative of tha ....... n uuiduc x am not a. I llinno., r"li,K f flc t.. u.t ... duii, uui ueueve my iirst I duty is at home. - A reader 111 lit SUM1S UOl.5 AKC HUKH1LK5S Tou had five days In which to ap peal to the district board. Tour ques- TnlneI Must Have More Sense Than tne uog, is secret or It. TURNER. Or., Jan. 26. (To the Edi tor.) I used to know an old sheep man who Invariably had two or three dogs that were real dos. They under stood and did most everything you told them, while others could get dogs out tlonnaire notified you of this right; your classification card does likewise. After expiration of five' days there is nothing you can do regarding depend ency claims unless you can induce the local board to reopen your case. Pos sibly the board figured that the family gf the same litter of puppies and they allowance of J20 given by the Govern ment to dependent parents, together with the requisite half of your sol dier's pay, would be sufficient for your parents' needs. Knit! Knit! Knit! Oh, Betty, my wife. Ihe star of my life. Or has been, for many long years. But sad to relate. The facts I now state Have worried me almost to tears. My house It ls wrecked, My farm I neglect. im going. In rags and uncombed: The washing is out, There's no one about Oh, what will become of my home? For Betty, my wife. The star of my life, Is knitting for soldier boys; From morning till night. She tires herself, quite, ' Knitting for soldier boys. She goes down the street, Her friends there to meet. Still knitting for soldier boys. Their tongues chatter, quick. Their needles go click, Still knitting for soldier boys. Said Betty: "My man, I'll do what I can. By knitting for soldier boys; I'm sorry for yoif. With nothing to do. Like knitting for soldier boys." Now, I hate to object. Or make her neglect Her knitting for soldier boys; Am I "doing my bit" To put up with it? Then hurrah for the soldier boys! . ORPHA COLLINS. would be just ordinary dogs. One day I asked him how he always managed to pick the good puppies. "Pick nothing! It's the way you train 'em," he said. "Well," said I, "why can't other peo ple train them Just as good as you can?" Here ls the answer I got: "Huh! If you're going to train a dog, you've got to know more than the dog does." I think this will explain the worth less dogs we bear so much about. No, my dog isn t very well trained. but I'm learning, and I think after a while he may be worth his feed at least. BEAUTIFUL JOE. Rank In Army and Nary. EDDYVILLE, Or., Jan. 26. (To the Editor.) Please publish the names of the officers in their order of rank, both in the Army and Navy. !-.- F. BOBBINS. Army rank: General, Lleutenant- General (active list discontinued). Ma- THE MIDNIGHT TRAIN. Whining wheels, oh! shining wheels. Roiling your way o'er gleaming steels. Into the darkness, out of the light. Speeding, unheeding, into the nitrht Precious the cargo that follows along. Some of it sorrowing, some with a song: Part filled with cheeriness, part filled with gloom, Now all together, but scattered so soon! Hopes of a lifetime are trusted tonight Unto the driver of yonder headlight; (Keep your keen eye on the bright. glistening rail, I Scan every signal and dare not to fall!) flash In the darkness and other wheels go Back o'er the miles that seemed weary and slow: What of the faces that pass In a blur mn yonder wheels, with a grind and a whir? Whither and why are they rushing away? What is the errand that calls them today? Is It a sister, a husband, a wife. Calling, perhaps, with the last breath of life? Maybe a wedding, with fair, blushing bride; Maybe a babe by a new mother's side; Maybe a soldier lad, going away; Maybe an erring one, fearful to 6tay! But ever the hurry and ever the throng. h.ver the pushing crowd, wild to "get on"; Ever-the wheels, with their whine and their groan: jor-General. Brigadier-General, Colonel, Ever the final goal hack to a home! Lieutenant - Colonel, Major, Captain, First Lieutenant, Second Lieutenant. Navy rank: Admiral, Vice-Admiral, Commodore (active list abolished), Captain, Commander, Lieutenant-Com mander, Lieutenant, Lieutenant Junior Grade, Ensign. GRACE E. HALL. Portland. One million rifles have just been ordered by the War Department. Is Chamberlain right? American people are due to learn of the goodness of foods heretofore unknown to them. Lincoln's birthday is the next holi day, but do not overlook groundhog day coming first. Every housewife is a special officer to enforce the new rationing. Only the air is left, if water rates are to go up. Address of Retired Officer. PORTLAND, Jan. 26. (To the Ed itor.) Kindly advise whether there ls a way of finding the whereabouts of any retired United States Army officer? SUBSCRIBER. If ha has been a high officer in the Army probably his biography and present address will be found in Who's Who at the Public Library. If not, communicate with Adjutant - General, War Department, Washington, D. C. Weight of Soldiers. SHERWOOD, Or., Jan. 26. (To the Editor.) Please tell me the weight re quired of a man to join the Army. SUBSCRIBER. The Sara-eon's Part. One more into the fold. One more with band of skill; We're out to get your goat Oh, Megalomaniac Bill! So here's my heart and hand. With pills and knives for you, To do for fellow-man; There's work and stern work, too. Then let's be strong, be bold. Let's up and at them right. Like Spartan sons of old; Twill be one glorious fight. It depends on his height. Standard acceptedweights run from 118 pounds at 61 inches to 211 pounds at 78 Inches. And when Berlin we reach. Two Helpfnl Suggestions. DORENA, Or., Jan. 26. (To the Ed itor.) Why not everybody work 10 hours or more during the war? It would create a surplus of labor for some of the less desirable work. Our soldiers are not on an eight-hour basis. And why not find out how many dogs Major-General Scott wants and let Oregon furnish the bunch? FRANK McINTTRH. Variations down to 110 pounds at 61 inches and 175 pounds at 78 inches are not disqualifying under certain condi tions, nor are over weights unless suf ficient to interfere permanently with normal physical activity. Old Song Is Traced. MONTESANO, Wash., Jan. 26. (To the Editor.) Please say who wrote the song, ifreaK tne rsews to aiotner, ana what year it was written. E. B. "Break the News to Mother" was written, words and music, by Charles K. Harris and published originally in the year 1897. The song had wide pop ularity during the Spanish-American War. I'll hold the ether cone While you the scalpel wield; His heart we'll bring it home. And when the big thing's off, In grand review we 11 file Through streets of old New York- Say, that will be worth while. Then through the Portland streets In serried ranks we'll pass. While wives and sweethearts beam With pride we're home at last. J. F. VAN WINKLE, 364th Field Hospital Co., Camp Lewis. Sale of Spruce. REEDSPORT, Or., Jan. 25. (To the Editor.) I saw some little time ago where the Government wanted to buy all .the spruce It could get hold of. I have 70 acres of timber that I would far rather sell to the Government than, to real estate men who want to buy It, Nentral With First Papers. PORTLAND. Jan. 26. (To the Ed- ltnr.1 With only the first paper, will To whom should I write about It? . nerson of neutral nationality be sub- ' OLn SUBSCRIBER. i . . J . tn .t,. Amr A CTPTTlf jaiilnu.-nu-.-,.-.-. WHte t Colonej Brlce p( Tea, If of draft age, I Teon Building, Portland, Or. Dlsque,