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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 16, 1913)
THIS MORNING OREGOXIATf, FT1TDAY. MAY 16, 1913. 10 rORTXAND, OREGON. Eatared at Portland. Orecon. Poatofflea wcond-claai matter. Subscription Rate Invariably la Advance: (BT MAIL) Dally. Sunday Included, one year !'!S Daily. Sunday Included, six months J " railv Sunday lni-lii.Mi three montha. I. -3 Daily, tfunuay Incluued. one moniu. Dally, without Sunday, one year.... rjallv. w'thnnt Sundir. six montha.. 6 .00 i.:s Daily, without Sunday, tnree montha. Dally, without Sunday, one montu U'Mklv An w l- --..-.... X.bO W eekly, one y Sunday, one year. Sunday and Weekly, one year... (BT CARRIER) r- i . c- ....... na veer. 2.60 1.60 1.00 Dally) Sunday Included.' one month la How to Remit Send poatoftiee money or der, exprea order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at eender's rink. Give poatofflce address in full. Including county and state. rentage Katre Ten to 14 paces. 1 eeni. 1 to Is pane. 3 cents; 30 to 4t pages, 1 cents: 40 to 40 paxes. 4 cents. Foreign postaae. double rates. Eastern Bneineaa Offices Verree Conk" lln. Near York. Brunswick bulldlnc Chl- caga, Stecer building. San Francisco Office R. J. BldweU Co.. TO Market street. EorapVan Offlco No. I XUsant atreet B. W., Dondoo. FORTXAXT. FRIDAY, MAT It, OJf THE COLD OCTSIDK. The "original Wilson man" who, overflowing with hyperbole, wrote the vitriolic letter from Michigan for 'the edification of the United States Sen ate, scattered through his highly liter ary effusion many sounding expres sions. Among them we rescue one as worthy of preservation for Its apt Illustration of the case of Oregon and its two bonny Democratic Senators. "The Democratic party," declared the Michigan oracle, "would better effect changes moderately and safely than hastily and at the dictates of a cau cus, too many of whose members leave their private Judgments and con sciences where the Mussulman leaves his shoes at the door." A casual glance will disclose Sena tor Chamberlain's tearful appeal for a IS per cent duty on raw wool at the threshold of the Democratic caucus, where it was carefully deposited be fore the Senator entered the portals. He xras not sent back to get it; it did not belong Inside; it will remain out side till the Democratic party con cludes to try some other scheme than free trade on raw products. Mean while the winds of many a hard Win ter will have whistled about the shorn sheep of the unprotected wool-grower. Senator Lane makes it plain In his letter that he understands clearly that he was elected by a bare plurality in a state overwhelmingly Republican, and that he could never hope for another stroke of luck like It If the Republi cans should get together. But the Republicans of Oregon seem to prefer to send to Washington two Democratic Senators, who frankly de posit the interests ef the producers of the state at the doors of the Demo cratic caucus and leave them there. LXAGrED AGAINST OPIUM. General approval will be given to the efforts of Secretary Bryan to bring to a climax the negotiations for an international convention for the sup pression of traffic in opium and other narcotic drug. Beginning only with Oriental nations and those other na tions which have territory in the Far East, the movement has now become world-wide. The findings of the Inter national Opium Commission at Shang. hai were followed by a convention signed at The Hague In January, 1912, by representatives of twelve nations agreeing to restrict the production of and traffic in opium. These powers decided that the con vention ' should not become effective until they had secured the adherence of thirty-four other nations, and that, if these signatures had not been se cured by December 31, 1912, another conference of the signatories should be held to decide upon ratification. The United States and Holland under took to secure signatures and have ob tained those of all the 34 except three in Europe and one in America. A conference has been called to meet at The Hague In June to ratify the con vention. Thus a world-wide league against pernicious drugs is assured. That it will be successful is proved by the vigor with which China has carried on the crusade against opium and the vol untary adhesion of other Oriental na tions to the convention. How benefi cent the crusade will be' may be judged from the extent of the ravages of opium In China alone. The Chi nese people spent 1150. 000, 000 a year on opium before the reform began; the land devoted to opium production wonld have yielded useful crops worth $100,000,000 a year; earning capacity of those addicted to the opium habit was reduced one-quarter, or an esti mated loss of nearly 3300.000,000. Thus the total' loss In China alone reaches 3550,000,000, irrespective of the capital fnvolved. Mr. Bryan's request for a small ap propriation to pay the expense of our participation in The, Hague confer ence and for further legislation to suppress the opium traffic should re ceive prompt attention from Congress, that we may do our part in destroying the power of a vicious drug. PRACTICAL WORK BY YVOMKN. The women of Hood River have proved that a stingy group of taxpay ers cannot feel certain of keeping back improvements. A proposed bond issue to erect a Carnegie library was voted (town at a recent city election, but the Woman's Club took the matter -up and, without serious difficulty, raised the rum" required by subscription-. Some of the gifts were commendably lib eral. It is mentioned, for example, that E. L. Smith's four daughters with some half a dozen others contributed $S00. There is nothing In the way of civic improvement which an energetic and determined woman's club cannot ac complish if it takes hold in the right way. This lesson has been learned in many cities, both large and small, and others are rapidly learning it. Suc cess in practical affairs has given the clubs an appetite to do more of the same kind of work, and we may expect to see them becoming more powerful every day as factors In municipal gov ernment, the establishment of park and playground, systems, and so on. The old notion that a woman's club was an organization to study art out of cyclopedias and listen to essays on trashy novels has about vanished. The modern woman's club is an ex tremely practical and keenly active body. It is Interested in art and liter ature, but In a thousand other sub jects also. It Is particularly interest ed In politics of the up-to-date variety. The women probably care as little as they ever did for that kind of politics which Is concerned merely with put- tint; one set of rascals out of office and another set in, but this is not the only kind. . There is another which seeks to apply the principles of justice and common sense to the government of our cities, even to the government of the country. Women are emphatically creatures of common sense. In reality they are far less sentimental than men in rela tion to public business and far less liable to adhere to a political party on purely emotional grounds. At least such is the lesson we learn from their comparatively brief career with the suffrage. The increasing' Inclination of the women's clubs to plunge Into politics means an influx of common sense where it is sadly needed. PCTTINO TITS KIVER INTO POLITICS. Without taking any stand at this time in reference to the qualifications for office of the four candidates men tioned in the letter from Mr. O. G. Hughson, published elsewhere today. The Oregonlan deems it .opportune to protest against the false assumption that location of one's residence or business interests, East Side or West Side, Is a matter that should be weighed against general fitness In electing Commissioners. Portland has always had ward representation in the City Council. It was one of the faults of the old form of municipal government. To follow the same plan In spirit, taking East Side and West Side in place of wards, would be a halting step in the prog ress hoped for in the operation of the new charter. Such course implies a doubt as to the fairness, the devotion to the interests of the whole city, of those favored. , Neither East Side nor West Side should expect special favors from the city. All either should demand is fair treatment. If a candidate Is not broad enough to represent fully every local ity in Portland he Is unfit to be Com missioner. Site of residence or busi ness alone will not make him worthy. It is time we abandoned such trif ling considerations in the election of city officials. Portland is one city, It Is a large community. It needs big men to transact its business and enact its laws. Their true- qualifications are brains and honesty. The Commis sioner who has these attributes will give proper consideration to the needs of every locality in the city, whether he lives and pursues his occupation in the outskirts or In the center of the business district. Division of the city by the Willamette River has no bear ing on the issue confronting the voters. TIKED OCT. One day last week Tacoma had an other of its serial elections, this time the sovereign voters being called on to determine whether they should issue -1222,000 in bonds. A, grand total of 6111 citizens, men and women. found their way to the polls, and re' corded a decision, or several decisions. that no more bonds were desired at this time. But that is not all. A pro. posal that the city should engage in the transportation business was like wise defeated by a narrow margin, the yeas being 2521 and the nays 2629. It would appear that one ' thousand voters who thought it worth while to go to the polls utterly neglected to ex. press an opinion on this important matter. Tet if nine of them had registered themselves In the affirma tive, the city of Tacoma would have been fairly embarked in the trans portation business. The trouble at Tacoma appears to be that the people are sated with po litical and socialistic agitation, and wearied of the frequent elections, and, do not respond " even to imperative calls to public duty. The people are beginning to trust their public wel fare to a bare minority. In Portland, in June, the people are to vote on proposed bond issues ag' gregatlng over 33.000,000. They will turn out better here than In Tacoma, perhaps. Forty-six per cent of them nearly half took part In the elec tion May 3: but. notwithstanding the fact that there was a sharp contest over the Mayoralty, 8000 did not vote for any candidate for Mayor. Some of these 8000 voters were no doubt registered as Socialists or Prohibition ists. and as such had no candidates to vote for. But the large proportion overlooked the Mayoralty contest; or perhaps they didn't care. Let us see how much they care; on June 2, who Is to be Mayor of Port land for four years, and who are to bo the four Commissioners to whom with the Mayor the affairs the city are to be completely entrusted The 33,000,000 in bonds, too, ought to excite a ripple of interest among both taxpayers and non-taxpayers. . A DONKEY HEADED THIS TV AY. Dispatches tell us that a Pennsyl vania citlsen. Benjamin H. Anderson, has left Portland, Maine, leading a donkey, his destination being Port land. Oregon. He Is making this long trip ostensibly to pay an election bet. Of the exact nature of the bet we nre left in the dark. We can, how ever, conjecture that he bet against that greater donkey which typifies the Democratic party. Perhaps, though, this Anderson man did not lose, but won. He may be not paying, but collecting, a debt. Per chance he Is coming here the man or the donkey for the purpose of enter ing Oregon politics and getting one of the fat offices that are going begging for the lack of applicants. We can not suppose that he Is coming to make a run for a Commlsslonership in the present Portland campaign, he is too late for that, and there are many don. keys but that is another story. Why does Anderson come leading a donkey? Does he think we are short of donkeys In Oregon? If he does, he has been sadly misinformed. Perhaps his donkey has a voice. We remem ber reading in the Scriptures about a certain donkey that was conversation ally inclined. But no donkey could make a -tilt by talking in this state the dodge is too old. We have had talking donkeys here for many, many years. We had more than one of them on the stump last Fall explaining the platform of their masters more prop erly their leaders. We remember that some of these expounders, iwho are now drawing their daily fodder from the National hayrick, assured our sheepowners that if "the donkey party was successful in November "no legit imate industry would suffer." This was anent the new tariff they prom ised and are now about to give us a tariff which protects donkeys and goats, but a measure that will take a mighty heavy toll from the 313,000.- 000 Oregon people have Invested in the sheep business. Which will prob ably be explained by the donkey lead ers averring that our shep are Ille gitimate, while goats and donkeys can trace their ancestors. This Anderson man. in coming to, Oregon leading his donkey, la making one other grave error1 he should let the donkey lead. That is the Ore gon way. It has proven a profitable way. too. so far as getting the offices is concerned, and after all that is one aim of the donkey and his masters. rCBMC DOCKS AT LAST. The Dock Commission having bought the site for public docks on the West Side, the way is at last clear for actual construction, and the news is welcome that a call for bids is to be Issued early in July. The first experimental passage of a ship through the Panama Canal is to be made in October, and within a year that waterway will be fully open to traffic. From that time forward ships will be coming to this port in in creased numbers from all parts of the world. They will be large ships, which have the most up-to-date harbor fa cilities at other ports. Their owners will expect to find the same at Pacific Coast ports, and will give the prefer ence to ports having the best accom modations. . . If Portland does not equal its neigh bors in this respect, this city will suf fer in the estimation of ship-owners and in the volume of commerce which comes here. Every other Pacific Coast port from the Mexican to the Canadian boundary is exerting itself to provide modern docks, and even the smaller ports are not idle. CO-EDTJCATIOX OX THE WANTS. The apostles of co-education will read with some dismay the news that the sexes are about to be separated in ihe famous Horace Mann school. This is commonly said to be the best sec ondary school in the United States. It is Intimately connected with the New Tork Teachers' College and there- fore also with Columbia University. It serves as a model school in wnicn the advanced students at the Teach ers' College obtain laboratory practice In applying the principles of educa tion, while at the same time it aims to give the best possible .schooling to about a thousand boys and girls. Heretofore for some years at least both sexes have recited in the same classes, but now they are to be ac commodated In separate buildings The same teachers will hear their les ions and arrangements will be made o let them play on the same grounds but at different hours. Two principal reasons are given for this new plan The first is that "there is a growing sentiment among parents against co education." The second, "that the adaptation of the school to the pupils requires a different curriculum and different methods for boys and girls. Co-education has always been more popular in the West than in the East. In that section the ancient prejudice against it has never been really over come. Many attempts have been made to educate - boys and girls together, but they have been looked upon as ex periments rather than settled policy. In one or two colleges, like Wesleyan and Tufts, where the sexes were once educated together, the plan has been abandoned. In most Western institu tions, on the other hand, co-education is the rule. The State Universities could not very well adopt any other policy. The denominational colleges have conformed to their example and the city high schools have done the same. It has been accepted a3 the right and natural course and com' paratlvely few complaints have been heard against it. Occasionally one reads in the news that boys cannot hold their own in classes with girls, but this has not been understood as an objection to co-education in the West It sometimes provokes a smile at the stupidity or laziness of the boys, but it was not supposed to be a reproach to the girls. Easterners, however, look upon the matter differently. When it was proposed to expel the women from Wesleyan University one reason as signed was that their proficiency put the young men to shame and made them seek other colleges. The women were made to suffer for their devotion to learning Their very merits caused their exile, like the Huguenots when they were driven from France. - The authorities of the Horace Mann school say much the same thing, though they put It in other words. Their complaint is that boys need a good deal of prodding to push them up the steep hill of science, while even a little prodding makes the girls nsrv. ous and endangers their health. Every person who has driven a restive horse beside a stodgy one will understand this point readily enough. It is neces sary to touch up the Indolent beast every moment -or two, but as often as the whip is applied, be It never so gently, the excitable steed flies up in the air and within a half hour he is white with lather. The proper disci pline of the team requires them to be driven apart. This is what the Hor ace Mann school has found out re garding the co-education of boys and girls. The boys must be goaded pretty constantly to make them learn any thing and the goading keeps the girls' nerves on edge. Thus It happens that the sex which progresses fastest in the school studies suffers more or less in health. By separating the sexes it is expected that each can be disciplined according to its own needs and will be the better for It. People who believe that schools should be made to suit pu pils, and not pupils to fit schools, will find no fault with this reasoning. No doubt it is best for the race that the individualities of boys should be re spected, as should those of girls. And if this cannot be done In co-educa- tlonal schools, it follows pretty clearly that they should be separated. This will cost money, to be sure, but we are learning that money ought not to be the decisive consideration in a. ques tion of schooling. The needs of the pupils are of more Importance and the conviction is gaining ground that they must be attended to, no matter what the cost- may be. The thought has long been floating nebulously In many persons' minds that co-education during the years of early youth is not best for the two sexes on psychological grounds. It is well enough for little children and there Is not much objection to it in more mature, years, but in "adoles cence, when great changes are pro ceeding in the mental and physical structure and the mind is peculiarly susceptible to evil Impressions as well as good ones, the case is more than doubtful. These years have been aptly called "the silly age" for girls. Ro mantic Ideas fill their heads. Visions and dreams supplant reality in their imaginations. They are , swayed by all sorts of influences and easily led by bad example. It is difficult to prevent them in oo-educational schools from forming habits and choosing standards of conduct which are far from desirable. "Society" foibles in trude into school life. Snobbery reigns. Education loses its disciplinary char acter and becomes a matter of form and ceremonial, often . quite empty form. It cannot be denied that there is an abundance of silliness In girls' schools and much brutality and even vice in those for boys, but upon the whole things seem to go better than In co-educational Institutions. Nor should we forget. In our zeal for equal ity between the sexes, that girls ought to study different branches from boys, at least in part. Their field lies in domestic science, typewriting, clerical work, and so on, while their brothers turn more naturally to such branches as carpentry, engineering and dairy ing. If we are to make our schools really prepare pupils for life, possi bly -we shall be forced to educate boys and girls in separate classes. A candidate's taxes no doubt give some hint of his intellectual and politi cal prowess, but they do not tell every thing. Some of the best men this and other countries have had in public life have been lamentably slack In their private business. The great Pitt lost a fortune by careless management. Daniel Webster was a regrettably de linquent debtor. Grant's little grocery store was a failure. The best Mayor Cincinnati-- has ever had is a young lawyer whose practice was meager. In dry weather all signs fail. Representative Lindquist, father of the pure fabrics bill, tells us that 75 per cent of the clothing and shoes of the average wage-earner is adulter ated. The Agricultural Department tells us that a large proportion of the sole leather in our shoes is composed of Epsom salts and gypsum. But if these articles were sold as what they are, would people buy them? Don't people like to fool themselves into the belief that a 310 suit is all wool or a 32 pair of shoes all leather? Presto, change! The flat of the Council goes forth and Portland has a public market without Issuing bonds, erecting a building or any other more or less vain ceremony. Were the walks around the Plaza blocks roofed over, they would serve passably as a market all the year round. Even without roof3 they will do very well in Summer. All we need now Is a long row of farmers with stuff to sell. The cage is ready, who will ,catch the birds? Turning his back upon the inhospit able Federal Government. "John D. Rockefeller has obtained an incorpo rating act from the New Tork Legis lature for his hundred-mlllion-dollar foundation "to benefit mankind." If he had used the money to build a grand highway from the Atlantic to the Pacific, he would have done as much good as he can in any other way and he would, have been spared much humiliating suspicion as to his mo tives. Reduction in the cost of living 1s foretold by the New Tork Globe on the strength of the Government crop re port estimating the wheat yield at 20, 000,000 bushels over that of 1906and 113,000,000 bushels over that of last year. But many things may happen between now and harvest to falsify these flgureB. ' Even If they should be verified by the eyejit, short crops in other countries might prevent a fall in the world price. The friction between a 32400" salary and an automobile produced a 315,000 shortage In the accounts of a St. Louis bank teller. The recent addition of two children to the family helped. Strange that a man whose business is to count money could not realize that It will not stretch. It has just been discovered that fowls often are fed gravel and mortar to weight them, for the market. We imagine, also, that some fowls are fed on an especially durable quality of rubber. Tornadoes in Summer and blizzards in 'Winter send the thoughts of the Nebraskan toward the Pacific Coast a region whose only fault is a disposi tion of Its so-called Winter to rag with Spring. A San Francisco traveling man roaming the streets at a late hour with several hundred dollars in his pock' ets did not deserve to be held up, but he Invited the robbery. A Pennsylvania man will lead a mule from Portland, Me., to Portland, Or., i to pay an election bet. Thus there will be a mule at either end of the leading strap. San Francisco has received another consignment of frozen chuck from Australia, but the Hereford of the coast ranges sees little need of saving his old white face. Another tornado is another argu ment for emigration to the Northwest, where men may live in peace, comfort and plenty, undisturbed by weather rampages. Seattle peace advocates oppose sing. ing of patriotic son'gs of a martial character. If we ever achieve peace it will not be because patriotism is- de stroyed. What we're been needing for some time now la more rain and fewer ""proBable show era.' Indianapolis News. We can spare you a little of our rain. Mills that have been idle are start ing and preparing to start, and Gen eral Prosperity is beginning to sit tight in the saddle. ' Experts aver that a local pole vaulter will become world s champion. Which will be quite a Jump for the young man. The ushers of a Toledo church say they answered 108 foolish questions during the year. Is that ally But how on earth. does Bryan find time between protests to write peace essays? Anyway, the yellow peril must make good now or forever hold Its peace. Is Woodruff still able to consume his wonted nine hours in slumber? Ice in the Yukon is breaking and startling discoveries are In order. Standard Oil has secured absolute divorce, but who gets the alimony? Any litigation that may ensue should be listed as Japs vs. Yaps. ' , Jack Johnson's money is gone. To jail with him! Enough of this moisture! If time to clear up. HOW HOME CREDIT PLAN SUCCEEDS Attendance and Tardlneaa Record Im proved In Fnlrview School. MONMOUTH, Or., May 14. (To the Editor.) The practice of giving credit In school for work done at home out side of school hours is an idea inaugu rated by State Superintendent L. R. Alderman. The home credit system promises to attract as widespread at tention as did the progressive principles In government known as the Oregon idea. A good example of successfully carrying on this work has been Been this year In the Falrview school in Polk County not far from Monmouth. The pupils of this school took up this work at the opening of school last Fall and' they have carried it through the entire year with marked success. The boys and girls of this school have done the regular work of the schoolroom satisfactorily and have done the chores night and morning at home. This has resulted in a system of industrial edu cation that has inspired and greatly pleased the parents of the district. Every child and all the parents in the district are Interested and the general sentiment in the community will com pel the next teacher to carry on the work so skillfully begun during the current year. The enthusiastic young man who has so carefully worked out in the Fair view school the plan outlined by State Superintendent Alderman and fully in dorsed by County Superintendent H. C. Seymour, of Dallas, is R. Q. Dykstra, a native Oregonian, who has taught successfully several years in this county. , Mr. Dykstra followed in the main the credits suggested by Supertendent Al derman, but modified them to meet ex isting conditions found in his district. He increased the number of credits nec essary to win a. holiday from 600 to 800, and he aroused so much public spirit in his school that the children seldom took advantage of the holiday won by earning home credits, for they were led to see that full attendance encouraged all, and each one was mads to realize that a day's absence for any cause meant personal loss to the extent of a full day's work. Tardiness on the part of any pupil meant a loss of so many credits already accumulated. Children living more than a mile and a half from the schoolhouse were allowed credit for the distance they had to walk in pro portion to that of other boys and girls in this district. Mr. Dyk3tr, deemed the number of credits allowed for milking a cow as too small and this number was doubled. Only two small cash prizes were offered by the district, as It was thought best to employ higher and more worthy in centives than the mere winning of money. Mr. Dykstra took pains to visit as often as possible each home in the district to Inspect the work done by the children and to counsel with the par ents concerning the aims and the ef fects of this system. These visits dem onstrated to the father and the mother the Interest felt by the district teacher In their individual boys and girls. Parents' meetings, social gatherings at the gchoolhouBe, entertainments to raise money for school improvements, all tended to supplement the influence arising from the teacher's visits made at the individual homes. TJnrlnir the year 1911-12 without. home credit work, the Falrview school had a record of 9o per cent in attend ance and there were 69 cases of tardi ness. For the year Just closed Falrview reached the fine record of 98 per cent in attendance and there were only eight cases of tardiness. Part of the credits were given for proper care or tne Doay, for the regular use of a tooth brush, tnr iAtr.Inr with windows open, for nrnnAr care of hair, and for general neatness in clothing and shoes. The parents report that the system of home credits has brought to children of this community a marked increase in Indus, try and an added respectfor work on the farm and in the home." The patrons of this district feel that the pupils are getting an education that links visibly with the life and work of the farm and fireside. The parents have come to feel that this sort of training makes the school a far happier place and at the same time fits more directly for the larger life that will come outside the schoolroom walls. Superintendent H. C. Seymour warmlj commends the work that Mr. Dykstra has, done in the Falrview school, and he heartily Indorses the home credit plan as one of the best ever Instituted to solve the problem of bringing the school and the home into closer and more cordial relationship. J. W. LIVINGSTON. GOVERNMENT WORK HIGH GRADE Comparison of Irrigation Plants Often Unfavorable to Private Enterprise. PORTLAND. May 16. (To the Edi tor.) In the last few weeks The Ore gonian has published, a number of times the statement of Mr. James J. Hill, the railroad magnate, that con f Irrigation work by the Government costs more than twice what it costs private enterprise to do the same work. Mr. Hill is undoubtedly a splendid railroad man and has shown excep tlonal ability in accumulating wealth while he has been managing railroads, hut thi does not necessarily make him infallible when it comes to estimating cost of irrigation works. It would obviously be unfair to com pare high-grade Government work with low-grade private work, but it comparison is made with high-grade private work of same magnitude it will be found that, as a rule, the private work has been done in a less substan tial manner and has cost more. The reason why this is so is that most private irrigation schemes are started either by enthusiasts or by persons who are trying to get a big rake-off for themselves. In either case capital is interested by over estimating the irrigable acreage ana unaer esti mating the cost. and. when the money is spent, more is raised by selling bonds at ruinous discounts, the work is skimped and finally, when no more money can be raised, the oompany goes into bankruptcy. The .experience of investors in irri gation bonds has been so disastrous that it is practically impossible to in terest capital any more, and the West era states have a number of examples of irrigation schemes that have gone through this very process. At the pres eat time' I happen to be trustee in bankruptcy of the Willow River Irri gation Company in Malheur County. This company was projected to irrigate 20,000 acres at a cost of 31,000,000. This proved to be "entirely insufficient, and more money was borrowed. V, hen the company finally went into bankruptcy the obligations were over 32,000,000 and the irrigable acreage had shrunk to. a good deal less than half of the original estimate. As a matter of fact, during the season of 1912 we did not have water enough to irrigate 5000 acres. This is not an isolated instance, by any means, but plenty of similar cases can be found all over the irrigated country. H. A. ELLINGSON. Modest Wants of Sane Citizens. Christian Science Monitor. It is a remarkable fact that the vast majority of men look forward through the years of their greatest activity not to a Winter home in Florida, or South ern California, or at Cairo, Cannes or Nice, nor to a Summer home in the Adirondacks, in the White Mountains, among the peaks of the Rockies or the pines of the Sierras, or somewhere along the New England Coast, but, rather, to a 40-acre farm on the out skirts, easily accessible to a market, whee they might crowd the accumu lated experience and wisdom of a life time into the intelligent management of a chicken-yard. MAN MADE BRUTE BV PAMPERING StUlina; of Social Kvll Held to Rest With Reformation of Malin. PORTLAND, May 15. (To the Kli tor.) Ever since this old world of ours wan first a world, and uOsiblv bef jre at least, since Adam, In tho Sarden of Eden, induced Eve to take the appl the social question has bean a Knotty Droblem, and such it will continue until man, the selfish brute that'he is, learns to control his degrading animal pas sions. No woman who has trod the crimson path has done so of her own volition. Mans brutal perfidy has driven her to it. It was ever ho who made the first step easy, and then when the steps had been taken lightly has he stepped aside to let her follow the path his perfidy had cut for her. I have said man Is a "selfish brute," and we all are. We think only of our own sweet selves, little reckoning the consequences of our brutal acts. And yet you women are to blame for our being selfish. You pamper and pet us from the cradle to the grave. Our mothers begin it, our sisters-'continue it and our wives finish it. Everything is sacrificed for us. A mother can see no wrong done by her boy; a sister looks up to her brother as something akin to the God she has been taught to worship, while the wife well, she but lives for him to whom she is wedded, thinking only of him, suffering every privation for him, giving up everything to aid him. Some men may, and undoubtedly will, take ex ception to my statement that we are all "brutes," but down In their hearts they know full well we are. In so called big things man, it Is true, is not, but it is in the little things which go to make life worth living that our selfishness is shown. Why, even a I sit here at my window writing, two children are on the op posite sidewalk playing a boy and a girl and the boy, the older and larger at that. They have a wagon and coast down the hill together. I notice one rides back, but it is never the girl. The brute of a boy is riding, and she, the sweet little thing, Is the one to provide the means of locomotion, and she seems to glory In thus sacrificing herself for his pleasure and comfort. It has ever been thus and ever will it will continue until we change things. Put woman where she belongs upon a pedestal. Make our boys respect, aye, reverence her. Teach them to look upon every other girl and woman as they lo upon their sisters ana motners. Watch them as closely, yea closer, than you do your girls, for they need it more. 'Tls always through some scoundrel that the little girl learns her first les son in wrong doing. Give a boy an inch and he will take an el. A boy proper ly reared will do more to reduce the growing evil than all else. The social evil can never be eradi cated, but if you parents make your boys follow the straight and narrow path and watch them as closely as you do your girls it will be reduced to a minimum. A child not forced to control his passion becomes'a veritable monster when grown to manhood. He has no thought but of self, and will go to any extreme to accomplish his desires. Stand upon any of our corners, where men congregate and listen to their talk when an attractive woman passes. Honestly, the way they not only talk but ogle a woman is enough to make a decent man wish he were a John L. Sullivan that he might fell them to the ground. If a man could ever have before him a picture of a loving mother with the tender arms of a babe clinging about her neck, how much better, how much happier would this old world be; for where lives the man that such a picture would not bring to his mind the days when his arms' so clung about his dear old mother's neck and he looked up Into eyes which beamed with naught but love. " EM JAY ARE. LOCAL REPRESENTATION WANTED Rose City Park Man Wants Ent Slders on City Commission. ' PORTLAND, May 15. (To the ell tor.) I note the "People's Progressive League" is early In the field with a ticket for the four commissioners: W. L. Brewster, residence 808 Love Joy; office Failing building; a West Side man. Marshall N. Dana, residence 1249 Al bina avenue near Alnsworth; office with the Journal; business interests, west Slrin T. ' N. Stoooenbach, residence 1263 Mallorv near Aingworth; office, Com- mrcial Realtv Company, 301 Lewis building a West Side business man ami near neiehbor of Mr. Dana. ' Albert G. Clark, residence 689 Irving street; officer in employ or waanams & Kerr a West Side man by residence and Interests. wnnlrl It not be well since the com- miin charter was carried by the side vote to make the East Side a little more responsible for carrying nn Its provisions tnan wouiq neeni nnssihln bv the above named ticket two living neighbors down on the Pen insula with business interests on the wat Side and tne otner tv.-o uvins. moving and having their being on the West Side? Would It not be well to have at leaBt two of the Commissioners and the Auditor avowedly East Side men both by reason of the way the votes were cast and tne large ana x nortance of the East Side? At anv rate and in spite of any i,nrna or committee or club indorse ment there is no doubt but the voters will think so and so vote at the June TTTTi- ucrt Tv- election. Rose City Park. O. G. HUGHSON. Aeantrement of Political Knowledge. TYGH VALLEY, Or., May 12. (To the Editor.) A numoer or women in hub place are desirous of learning more of the leading political question of the day in order that they may vote intel ligently when election day arrives. Can you tell us where we can obtain literature along that line, and thus help a. good cause along i B WOMEN'S CLUB. An excellent reference work for one desiring a fundamental knowledge of political and economic questions is the new "International near .book - oi .una The volume gives a lengthy review of rh last Presidential campaign and contains in its large variety of mate rial special articles on workmen's com nensatlon, mothers' pensions; employ es' liability, electoral reforms and similar subjects. Reading of current periodicals and newspapers is essential in order that one may keep up to date. For discus sions of both sides of National ques tions In brief form, the Literary Digest mav be recommended as a reliable periodical. The International Year Book is pub lished by Dodd, Mead & Co., New York. The price in cloth is 35 and it may be obtained from leading booksellers in Portland. The Literary Digest is pub lished weekly by Funk & Wagnalls, 44 60 East Twenty-third street, New York. Price 33 per year. For state issues, state newspapers should be consulted. , Head of Coin. SALEM, Or., May 14. (To the Edi tor.) To settlo a much disputed ques tion would you kindly publish whlcn Is considered heads and which is con sidered tails on the old-fashioned nickels, some of which were coined in 1869, bearing on one side the numeral five and on the other a shield. A SUBSCRIBEK. When a coin bears no head or effigy the side having the date is considered the head. Twenty-five Years Ago From The Orexonlan of May 18. 1SSS. Washington, May 15. A small pamphlet has been published showing the black record of Melville W. Fuller during the war. It also makes plain how Cleveland Is stacking the Supreme bench with ex-rebels and copperheads. Salem, Or., May 15. Gus Newell, if East Portland, has been appointed by Dr. Lane as steward of the asylum, vd e M. G. Wilklns. Albany, Or., May 15. A petition is Kolno- circulated In this citv and gen erally signed by business men. to be presented to the Southern Pacific Rail road Company to nave me i,eoiinon branch of the Oregon & California ex tended to Sodaville. New Park "Peep o' Day," a strong Irish drama, will be produced tonight and tomorrow night by James M. and Carrie Clarke Ward. The list of subscribers to the Port land Hotel Company, with the subsidy. makes the sum available to date 4i.- 000. The balance of J26.000 must De se cured before June 1 if we wish to avail ourselves of the offer or juii.uuu lor the Villard block. General E. L Applegate, the well known pioneer, is in the city. v Mr. Philip Metschan, of Canyonvllle, Is at the St. Charles. Mr. R. L Durham received a dispatch from Hon. D. P. Thompson at New York stating that he arrived there on Sun day and that he was dead broke and wanted money. Mr. Durham at ones telegraphed a million or so and we may soon expect the return of our wander ing prodigal. Half a Century Ago Prom The Oregonlan of May 16, 1863. Lapwai. Idaho Territory, May 12. It is here where the first printing press was set in motion on the Pacific Coast, and today I took a peep Into the old log shanty in which the -art preser vative of all arts'- was first practiced in this far Western land. George Glbbs, formerly collector of customs at Astoria, who Is well known in the scientific annals of our Pacific domain, is now preparing a worn on the Indian languages of California and the Northwest Coast for tho bmitn- sonian contributions to knowledge. New York. May 10. The Times corre spondent gives particulars of the Stone. man raid towards Richmond. I ne ne groes joined the column in flocks and begged to be taken away. -a,..-AAf.Kn-n M.v Q TVia nws frniTl Lll II 1 JWI w, - - - rebel sources tonight says that Colonel c.in-v., whn loft horn rhrpA weeks iiaiguv, miw ' - - since, was captured with 1700 men. A Jaunt down the lower portion ol refreshing and invigorating. The beau tifully lald-out Iiower garuens auu ci.; ..AoiriBnitA nrAvont n finn nnear- ance and afford a rich contrast to tha ill-conditioned streets. The Mountaineer says that a new townsite called Columbia has been laid out at the mouth of the Umatilla, which is rapidly assuming the shape and fea tures of a flourishing village. No Secret Trials In England. London Cor. , 1 -nroa nilt tmlflV tO thfi DOS- sibility of secret proceedings in divorce .nd other suits in tne unneu n.uiS- dom. The stop results from a lul ment delivered by the House of Lords, sitting as the highest court of appeals. HirnrcA p.ourt had adjudged a Mrs. Scott guilty of contempt of court in circulating among he.r friends the report of a case heard 'in camera" In whlcn sne naa ueen uttuo fidelity but had been vindicated. The lord cnanceuor s upuuuu, i-i-i- nihn law lorHn concurred. WU1UI1 tHO V1.11W reverses the Judgment for contempt ot court. The lord chancellor oecmree. "Every court of Justice in tne iana Is open to every subject or tne Kingoom. A court has no power to sit otherwise than with open doors. The Truth of It. London News. Counsel (to witness) How long Is it since there has been a pig kept In the sty Witness I don't think there has been a pig there since my eldest brother left. Illumination on the Ark. School Teacher Can you tell me the kind of illumination they had on the ark Little Willie Arc llcrhts. SUNDAY FEATURES Tace Reading You may tell lies, but your face can't hide them, says a noted Oriental face reader' 'wfi'61 'gives the in ner secrets of his art. Theodore Roosevelt Another . chapter dealing with the days when he was first embarking 'on his notable career. R. S. V. P. A Potash and Perl mutter tale by Montague Glass. Living on $23 a Year That is what the thrifty Japanese are able to do in their own land. How they do it is gone into exhaustively. Business Is Woman's Tield So savs Anne Shannon Mon roe, a Portland woman who has attracted wide attention as a writer. Are Preachers Lazy? Rev. Mark A. Matthews says they are, and goes into details on the subject. Frivolous Girls The kind that never mean to marry are dis cussed interestingly by Laura Jean Libbey. Eating and Speaking It is re vealed that what you say de pends on what you eat and, in a degree, on how you eat it. Women Fans They are now the most ardent of baseball enthu siasts. The Broncho Buster A short story by Gifford Hall. Shaking Down the Rich A study of the income tax which will be paid by one man out of every 120 who has more than $4000 a year. THESE ARE A FEW OF MANY FEATURES Order today of your newsdealer 1